CN111585012A - Integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and antenna assembly - Google Patents

Integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and antenna assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111585012A
CN111585012A CN202010560743.XA CN202010560743A CN111585012A CN 111585012 A CN111585012 A CN 111585012A CN 202010560743 A CN202010560743 A CN 202010560743A CN 111585012 A CN111585012 A CN 111585012A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
metamaterial
antenna
integrated
array
radome
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Pending
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CN202010560743.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李谦
邱长泉
刘彦明
荣利霞
董果香
王医民
韩高
刘宇航
袁延荣
张政
李谨
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Xidian University
Beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicles System Engineering
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Xidian University
Beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicles System Engineering
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Priority to CN202010560743.XA priority Critical patent/CN111585012A/en
Publication of CN111585012A publication Critical patent/CN111585012A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H01Q1/422Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0086Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/02Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/44Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
    • H01Q3/46Active lenses or reflecting arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna assembly, which comprise a high-gain antenna and a metamaterial antenna housing, wherein the metamaterial antenna housing is formed by superposing and fixing three layers of array metamaterial plates, each array metamaterial plate is formed by a dielectric plate and metamaterial units, the metamaterial units are uniformly distributed on the dielectric plate from top to bottom and from left to right to form an NxN array, and N is more than or equal to 7; the array metamaterial plate is made of a zero-refractive-index metamaterial plate, the high-gain antenna is a microstrip patch antenna with a working frequency band of 10GHz, the metamaterial unit is an I-shaped metal structure with two ends bent inwards, the length and the width of the metamaterial unit are both 5mm, and the bending length of the metamaterial unit is 1.85 mm. The gap between two upper, lower, left and right adjacent metamaterial units in the array metamaterial plate is 0.4-0.6 mm, the distance between the high-gain antenna and the metamaterial antenna housing is 21-25 mm, the gain of the microstrip patch antenna reaches 9.572dBi, and high-efficiency transmission is obtained.

Description

Integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and antenna assembly
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication and electromagnetic shielding in an aircraft platform cabin, and relates to an integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna assembly.
Background
At present, the internal communication of most aircrafts still depends on various conventional cable devices to transmit digital information and control signals, the data communication cables in the aircrafts are used for communication, and fixing pieces, connectors and other auxiliary devices of the data communication cables account for 10% -15% of the total weight of the whole aircrafts, so that heavy burden and cost waste are caused to flight tasks of various aircrafts. In order to avoid heavy burden and cost waste caused by data communication cables, fixing pieces, connectors and other auxiliary devices in aircrafts to flight tasks of various aircrafts, various research institutions at home and abroad actively reduce the burden of the data communication cables in the aircrafts, for example, wireless technology is used for communication, but in a narrow closed metal cabin, active or passive components such as a power supply, a radar signal source, a digital communication source and the like can mutually influence and generate an abnormally complex electromagnetic transmission environment comprising electromagnetic waves, pulses, data signals, noise and the like with different frequencies, which determine that the abnormally complex electromagnetic transmission environment in the cabin is the first problem facing a wireless data transmission system, so that the problem of electromagnetic shielding needs to be solved. However, the electromagnetic isolation techniques commonly used at present include electrostatic shielding and electromagnetic shielding, which all require complete high-conductivity materials as electromagnetic shielding structures to cover the corresponding structural surfaces, and if these conventional shielding are applied to the in-cabin wireless communication system, the wireless communication system is burdened with extra weight and poor wireless communication channels, which is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna assembly so as to solve the problem that electromagnetic signals are greatly interfered by communication equipment in a cabin when wireless communication is adopted in the existing aircraft.
The technical scheme includes that the integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and antenna assembly comprises a high-gain antenna and a metamaterial antenna housing, the metamaterial antenna housing is formed by superposing and fixing three layers of array metamaterial plates, the array metamaterial plate is formed by a dielectric plate and metamaterial units, the metamaterial units are uniformly distributed on the dielectric plate from top to bottom and from left to right to form an NxN array, and N is larger than or equal to 7.
Further, the array metamaterial plate is a zero-refractive-index metamaterial plate.
Furthermore, the metamaterial unit is an I-shaped metal structure with two inwards bent ends, the length and the width of the metamaterial unit are both 5mm, and the bending length of the metamaterial unit is 1.85 mm.
Further, the gap between two upper, lower, left and right adjacent metamaterial units in the array metamaterial plate is 0.4-0.6 mm.
Furthermore, the distance between the high-gain antenna and the metamaterial antenna housing is 21-25 mm.
Furthermore, the array metamaterial plate is a PCB printed with metamaterial units.
Further, the high-gain antenna is a microstrip patch antenna.
Furthermore, the working frequency band of the microstrip patch antenna is 10 GHz.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that the metamaterial antenna housing and the antenna assembly are formed by overlapping and fixing three layers of array metamaterial plates, the optimized 10GHz microstrip patch antenna is correspondingly adopted as a radiation source, the transmission and reflection of electromagnetic waves are controlled by adjusting the phase gradient caused by the structural parameters and the distribution period of the metamaterial units, the metamaterial antenna housing has good in-band transmission and out-of-band blocking characteristics on a 10GHz frequency band, the miniaturization of the beam gathering function of the metamaterial antenna housing and the shielding structure of the in-band transmission and out-of-band blocking of the 10GHz frequency band is realized, the electromagnetic coupling phenomenon between the antenna housing and the radiation source is effectively reduced, the emission intensity of the antenna is enhanced, the overall efficiency of an antenna system is improved, the main lobe beam of the integrated modulatable metamaterial antenna housing and the antenna assembly is contracted towards the central direction, the wave beam is more converged, the gain reaches 9.572dBi, high-efficiency transmission is obtained, and the problem that electromagnetic signals are greatly interfered by communication equipment in a cabin when wireless communication is adopted in the existing aircraft is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an integrated modulable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated modulable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an arrayed metamaterial plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metamaterial unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an S parameter diagram (simulation and test) of a microstrip patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a far field distribution diagram of an integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of an embodiment of the invention over an operating frequency.
Fig. 8 is a comparison graph of S-parameters of an integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional microstrip patch antenna.
Figure 9 is a directional diagram of a microstrip patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a directivity diagram of an integrated modulable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a simulation and test result of a far-field pattern of an integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 (a) is a schematic diagram of a three-layer zero refractive index array metamaterial plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 12 (b) is a real diagram of a 10GHz microstrip patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 (c) is a real diagram of an integrated modulable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna, as shown in fig. 1, the antenna housing comprises a high-gain antenna and a metamaterial antenna housing, the metamaterial antenna housing is formed by overlapping and fixing three layers of array metamaterial plates, as shown in fig. 2, each array metamaterial plate is formed by N2The metamaterial unit is an N × N array metamaterial plate formed by uniformly arranging metamaterial units on a dielectric plate from top to bottom and from left to right, as shown in FIG. 3, specifically, the array metamaterial plate of the embodiment of the invention can be a PCB printed with the metamaterial units, and through verification, the 7 × 7 array metamaterial plate is the minimum size capable of realizing functions, so that N is more than or equal to 7 in the embodiment of the invention, a high-gain antenna corresponding to the metamaterial unit is an optimized 10GHz microstrip patch antenna serving as a radiation source, the structural design of the metamaterial unit determines the working frequency of the whole design, namely, the frequency band (10 GHz) for realizing high transmission performance, the structure of the metamaterial unit of the embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 4, the I-shaped metal structure formed by metal wires and bent inwards at two ends is provided with the length and the width of 5mm, the bending length is too small, the bending length is 1.85mm, the spacing of the metamaterial unit determines the transmission performance, the spacing of the metamaterial unit is too large, the spacing of the metamaterial unit reduces the isolation of the metamaterial to the non-working frequency band, the spacing of the metamaterial unit is determined by the spacing of the antenna, the antenna is determined by the spacing of the antenna from the antenna, the spacing of the antenna is 0.2 mm, the antenna, the spacing of the antenna, the antenna is determined by the antenna, the antenna2And the modulation of the metamaterial unit structure finally realizes the control of the transmission and reflection characteristics of the integrated antenna system on electromagnetic waves with different frequencies.
In order to improve the gain of the microstrip patch antenna, the zero-refractive-index metamaterial plate is used as the antenna cover in the embodiment of the invention, and the zero-refractive-index metamaterial can change obliquely incident waves into plane waves, so that the convergence of antenna radiation beams is realized. 3 layers of the zero-refractive-index metamaterial plate are arranged on the microstrip patch antenna, and researches show that when the metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna radiation source are in close distance and work simultaneously, the strong electromagnetic coupling effect between the two can seriously affect the working frequency, impedance and efficiency of the antenna system, the stability of an antenna system is seriously influenced, through redesign and system optimization, the gap of the metamaterial unit structure is adjusted to be 0.4-0.6 mm, when the distance between a radiation source, namely a microstrip patch antenna and a metamaterial antenna housing, is changed to be 21-25 mm, the metamaterial antenna housing does not influence the performance of the antenna system any more, the integrated design of the antenna and the metamaterial structure of the embodiment of the invention is formed, therefore, regulation and control of far field distribution of the antenna are achieved, the gap position of two adjacent metamaterial unit structures is preferably 0.5mm, and the distance between the microstrip patch antenna and the metamaterial antenna housing is preferably 23 mm.
The metamaterial antenna housing is composed of a multilayer conductive structure, namely an array metamaterial plate, namely a PCB printed with metamaterial units, namely metal wires shown in figure 4, transmission and reflection of electromagnetic waves are controlled by adjusting phase gradients caused by structural parameters and distribution cycles of the metamaterial units, the transmission rate of 10GHz electromagnetic waves is improved, the emission intensity of an antenna is enhanced, the reflectivity is reduced, and the overall efficiency of an antenna system is improved.
The high-gain antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a high-gain directional radiator, namely a metal microstrip patch antenna, is formed on the dielectric substrate to transmit and receive radio frequency signals, namely RF signals, the high-gain antenna of the embodiment of the invention can adopt the microstrip patch antenna, as shown in figure 5, the high-gain antenna is a structural schematic diagram of the microstrip patch antenna working at 10GHz, S parameters are shown in figure 6, the far field gain of the microstrip patch antenna is 7.428dBi, the far field distribution is ellipsoidal, the gain is low and is easily influenced by surrounding electromagnetic fields, in order to improve the gain of the microstrip patch antenna and increase the transmission performance and the reflection performance of an antenna system to in-band and out-band electromagnetic waves, a metamaterial antenna housing is added above the microstrip patch antenna, as shown in figure 7, the integrated adjustable metamaterial antenna housing loaded with the metamaterial antenna housing and the far field distribution of the antenna assembly on the working frequency are provided, after the metamaterial antenna housing, the adjustment and control of the far field distribution of the microstrip patch antenna are realized, so that the far field beam of the microstrip patch antenna is more concentrated, and the gain of the microstrip patch antenna is improved from 7.428dBi to 9.572dBi as can be seen from the comparison of figures 9-10.
Fig. 8 shows a comparison of simulation results of S parameters of a conventional microstrip patch antenna and an integrated modulable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly (a microstrip patch antenna after loading a metamaterial radome) according to an embodiment of the present invention, and from fig. 8, compared with the S parameters of the conventional microstrip patch antenna, the metamaterial radome enables the resonant frequency of the antenna to be shifted to some extent, but the working frequency (S11 < -10 dB) of the whole antenna system can completely meet the design requirement, and the working bandwidth is improved. The change of S parameters of the microstrip patch antenna loaded by the metamaterial antenna housing is caused by the fact that the metamaterial antenna housing reflects electromagnetic waves emitted by the microstrip patch antenna for many times, but on the required working frequency band, the metamaterial antenna housing enables the beams emitted by the microstrip patch antenna to be more converged, high-efficiency transmission is obtained, and antenna gain is also improved.
The radiation patterns of the microstrip patch antenna and the integrated modulatable metamaterial antenna housing and antenna assembly are compared, as shown in fig. 9-10, it can be seen that after the metamaterial antenna housing is loaded, a main lobe beam of the microstrip patch antenna shrinks towards the center direction, the gain of the microstrip patch antenna is enhanced, and the radiation capability of the antenna is improved.
In order to further verify the designed integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and antenna assembly, the corresponding model is processed. As shown in fig. 12 (a) - (c), fig. 12 (a) is a three-layer zero-refractive-index metamaterial structure, fig. 12 (b) is a 10GHz microstrip patch antenna, fig. 12 (c) is an integrated modulatable metamaterial antenna housing and antenna assembly structure, in order to ensure reliability of far-field data, in a test process, the metamaterial integrated antenna is installed at the same horizontal height and fixed so that a distance condition is met between the metamaterial integrated antenna housing and the antenna assembly, and the integrated modulatable metamaterial antenna housing and the antenna assembly are installed on a rotating support and can rotate by 360 degrees, so that complete far-field test data are obtained, as shown in fig. 11. After testing and data arrangement, the simulation of the S parameters of the integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and the antenna assembly is basically consistent with the test result, as shown in fig. 6.
According to the embodiment of the invention, three layers of array metamaterial plates, namely metamaterial antenna housings, are adopted to realize in-band efficient transmission of transmission beams, and out-of-band blocking of interference beams can be realized, so that effective electromagnetic shielding can be formed. The embodiment of the invention designs the corresponding metamaterial for the electromagnetic shielding requirement of the corresponding frequency band, and processes the corresponding object for testing. The design level of the researched Ku waveband high-transmission surface, namely the metamaterial antenna housing, is in the lead of the industry, and the researched Ku waveband high-transmission surface has a lead design theory. The complete regulation and control of the electromagnetic wave transmission wave beam are realized in the 10GHz frequency band, and further the miniaturization of the shielding structure with in-band transmission and out-of-band blocking can be realized. Based on an interlayer coupling mechanism of the metamaterial, the transmission type metamaterial designed by the embodiment of the invention has good in-band transmission and out-of-band blocking at a frequency band of 10GHz, realizes a beam gathering function of the metamaterial radome, effectively reduces an electromagnetic coupling phenomenon between the radome and a radiation source, and improves the stability of the whole system.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna assembly are characterized by comprising a high-gain antenna and a metamaterial antenna housing, wherein the metamaterial antenna housing is formed by superposing and fixing three layers of array metamaterial plates, the array metamaterial plates are formed by dielectric plates and metamaterial units, the metamaterial units are uniformly distributed on the dielectric plates from top to bottom and from left to right to form an NxN array, and N is larger than or equal to 7.
2. The integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the array metamaterial plates are zero-index metamaterial plates.
3. The integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein the metamaterial unit is an I-shaped metal structure with two inwardly bent ends, the length and the width of the metamaterial unit are both 5mm, and the bent length of the metamaterial unit is 1.85 mm.
4. The integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein the gap between two metamaterial units adjacent to each other up and down, left and right in the array metamaterial plate is 0.4-0.6 mm.
5. The integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of claim 4, wherein the high-gain antenna is spaced from the metamaterial radome by 21-25 mm.
6. The integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the array metamaterial plates are PCB plates printed with metamaterial units.
7. The integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the high-gain antenna is a microstrip patch antenna.
8. The integrated modulatable metamaterial radome and antenna assembly of claim 7, wherein the operating frequency band of the microstrip patch antenna is 10 GHz.
CN202010560743.XA 2020-06-18 2020-06-18 Integrated modulable metamaterial antenna housing and antenna assembly Pending CN111585012A (en)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113258277A (en) * 2021-04-23 2021-08-13 大连海事大学 Low-sidelobe microstrip array antenna based on hybrid optimization algorithm and metamaterial
CN113540784A (en) * 2021-06-21 2021-10-22 西安电子科技大学 Integrated broadband frequency selection antenna cover with heat dissipation characteristic and mobile communication system
CN113745843A (en) * 2021-08-26 2021-12-03 北京机械设备研究所 Fluidic reconstruction super-surface and manufacturing method thereof
WO2022147775A1 (en) * 2021-01-08 2022-07-14 华为技术有限公司 Antenna apparatus and base station
CN115207608A (en) * 2022-07-14 2022-10-18 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Reconfigurable frequency selective surface design and simple electromagnetic bait device

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022147775A1 (en) * 2021-01-08 2022-07-14 华为技术有限公司 Antenna apparatus and base station
CN113258277A (en) * 2021-04-23 2021-08-13 大连海事大学 Low-sidelobe microstrip array antenna based on hybrid optimization algorithm and metamaterial
CN113540784A (en) * 2021-06-21 2021-10-22 西安电子科技大学 Integrated broadband frequency selection antenna cover with heat dissipation characteristic and mobile communication system
CN113745843A (en) * 2021-08-26 2021-12-03 北京机械设备研究所 Fluidic reconstruction super-surface and manufacturing method thereof
CN115207608A (en) * 2022-07-14 2022-10-18 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Reconfigurable frequency selective surface design and simple electromagnetic bait device
CN115207608B (en) * 2022-07-14 2024-05-24 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Reconfigurable frequency selective surface design and simple electromagnetic bait device

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Application publication date: 20200825