CN111572705B - Self-adaptive electrode wall surface micro-nano pit micro-bubble generation device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Self-adaptive electrode wall surface micro-nano pit micro-bubble generation device and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111572705B CN111572705B CN202010254260.7A CN202010254260A CN111572705B CN 111572705 B CN111572705 B CN 111572705B CN 202010254260 A CN202010254260 A CN 202010254260A CN 111572705 B CN111572705 B CN 111572705B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
- B63B2001/387—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes using means for producing a film of air or air bubbles over at least a significant portion of the hull surface
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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Abstract
A self-adaptive electrode wall surface micro-nano pit micro-bubble generating device and a manufacturing method thereof relate to the technical field of active drag reduction of underwater navigation bodies and comprise a base body and a direct current power supply, wherein electrode wall surface micro-nano pits are arranged on the surface of the base body, sputtering metal layers are arranged on the wall surface of the electrode wall surface micro-nano pits and the upper surface of the base body, photoresist is covered on the sputtering metal layer on the upper surface of the base body, and the sputtering metal layer is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply through a power supply lead. By electrolyzing NaCl solution, the device can realize self-adaptive supplement of micro bubbles without continuous and long-time ventilation, when the micro bubbles are broken or a gas-liquid interface is lower than the upper end of a laid sputtering metal cathode, the device automatically triggers an electrolytic circuit, the self-adaptive control of the micro bubbles is realized, and the device is suitable for surface ships and underwater vehicles; can stably maintain the micro-bubbles and is beneficial to practical application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of active drag reduction of underwater navigation bodies, in particular to a self-adaptive electrode wall surface micro-nano pit micro-bubble generating device and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
At present, the resistance reduction technology based on the wall surface mainly comprises flexible wall resistance reduction, coating resistance reduction, surface appearance resistance reduction and the like, and the basic method is to achieve the purpose of reducing the friction resistance of fluid and the wall surface by improving the flow field environment of the wall surface; the other resistance reduction technology is micro-bubble resistance reduction, which can be called air layer and cavitation resistance reduction, and is to manufacture bubbles on the surface of an object to achieve the effects of resistance reduction and noise reduction, namely, air is discharged through small holes in an air pipeline laid around a navigation device to generate an air curtain which is dispersed finely, and the air curtain can effectively reduce the friction resistance between the shell and water and can isolate the radiation of a noise source of the hull to the water, thereby achieving the purposes of resistance reduction and noise reduction. The principle is that the flow structure of the bottom layer is adjusted by utilizing the characteristics of small friction resistance and easy deformation of bubbles so as to reduce resistance, and the micro-bubble resistance reduction technology has the advantages of higher resistance reduction efficiency and long-term use.
At present, the microbubble drag reduction technology mostly adopts the technology of directly spraying microbubbles into water to directly form the microbubbles on the wall surface, but the technology needs to continuously ventilate the surface of a navigation body for a long time, and has great energy loss. Meanwhile, another technique for generating microbubbles by electrolyzing water is provided, the generated microbubbles are difficult to stably reside on the surface of a navigation body, especially, adaptive control of the microbubbles when the microbubbles break or fall off from pits is not realized, and the size of the microbubbles is difficult to control, and the factors have great influence on the microbubble drag reduction rate. Therefore, the active microbubble drag reduction technology based on microbubble self-adaptive control needs to be invented urgently, the underwater drag restriction is broken through for the research and development of high-performance underwater combat weapons, and an important technical basis is provided for the design of a high-speed underwater vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that microbubbles are difficult to stably reside and self-supplement is difficult to realize in a microbubble drag reduction technology, and provides a self-adaptive electrode wall surface micro-nano pit microbubble generating device based on an electrolytic NaCl solution and a manufacturing method thereof, so that the residence stability of the microbubbles during working is realized, and the microbubble drag reduction is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
self-adaptation electrode wall receives pit microbubble generating device a little, including base member and DC power supply, the surface of base member is equipped with the electrode wall and receives the pit a little, and the wall that the pit was received a little to the electrode wall and the upper surface of base member all are equipped with the sputtering metal layer, and the sputtering metal layer of the upper surface of base member coats and is stamped the photoresist, and the sputtering metal layer passes through power wire and connects DC power supply's negative pole.
The substrate is made of organic glass material or silicon chip.
The micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode are arranged in a cylindrical shape.
The diameter of the micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode is 40-100 mu m, and the depth of the micro-nano pits is 20-150 mu m.
The micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode are formed by laser drilling and are uniformly distributed.
The metal of the sputtering metal layer is gold.
The thickness of the photoresist is 5-10 mu m.
And an insulating layer with the thickness of 500nm covers the joint of the sputtering metal layer and the power supply lead.
The manufacturing steps of the invention are as follows:
step 1), manufacturing micro-nano pits on the wall surface of an electrode: forming an electrode wall surface micro-nano pit on the upper surface of the substrate by using laser drilling;
step 2) surface organic cleaning: cleaning micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode and the surface of the matrix by using an organic cleaning agent;
step 3), manufacturing a sputtering metal layer: metal sputtering is adopted, metal is sputtered in the micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode and the surface of the substrate, so that the metal is fully distributed on the upper surface of the substrate and in the micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode to serve as an electrolytic negative electrode;
step 4) photoetching: firstly, spraying photoresist on the upper surface of a substrate, then covering the upper surface of the substrate by using a mask plate, exposing the photoresist covering the micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode, and exposing by using ultraviolet rays to remove the photoresist on the surface of the micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode;
step 5) wire connection: and connecting a power supply lead with the sputtering metal layer and the cathode of the direct current power supply.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, by utilizing the characteristic that a direct-current power supply electrolyzes a NaCl solution to generate gas at a power supply cathode, metal gold is sputtered in micro-nano pits on the wall surface of an electrode, a layer of photoresist is covered on the upper surface of the sputtered metal gold, the electrode cathode for electrolyzing the NaCl solution is formed after photoetching, and when micro bubbles on the surface of the device are cracked or fall off from the pits, the micro bubbles are supplemented in real time by using a method for electrolyzing the NaCl solution, so that the self-adaptive control of micro bubble reaction is realized, the problem that the micro bubbles in the prior art are difficult to reside is solved, and a stable and lasting drag reduction effect is achieved.
2. Compared with the micro-bubble drag reduction technology formed by ventilation, the invention does not need long-time continuous ventilation, has less energy consumption and is suitable for the condition of low flow rate.
3. When the micro bubbles are broken or fall off and the gas-liquid interface is lower than the upper end of the sputtering gold cathode, the electrolysis circuit is automatically started to supplement the micro bubbles in time, and the micro bubble generator is suitable for water ships and underwater navigation bodies and has no limitation on the shapes of the navigation bodies.
4. Compared with the microbubble drag reduction technology generated by electrolyzing water, the method can stably maintain the residence of microbubbles, can enhance the continuity and effectiveness of the microbubble drag reduction, and is more favorable for application in practical scenes.
5. The invention can automatically trigger the electrolytic circuit when the micro-bubbles break or fall off, realizes the real-time supplement of the micro-bubbles, is a self-adaptive control mode of the micro-bubbles generation, and has simple and convenient operation and strong controllability.
6. The invention can control the generating speed of the micro bubbles by adjusting the voltage, thereby reducing energy consumption and being beneficial to realizing the control of the resistance reducing effect.
7. The diameter of the generated micro-bubbles can be controlled by adjusting the diameter of the micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode, so that the drag reduction efficiency of the micro-bubbles is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a micro-nano pit microbubble generating device on the wall surface of an adaptive electrode according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow chart for manufacturing a micro-nano pit microbubble generator on the wall surface of an adaptive electrode;
FIG. 3 is one of the principle schematic diagrams of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second schematic diagram of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-water flow; 2-photoresist; 3-a substrate; 4-power supply lead; 5-a direct current power supply; 6-sputtering a gold cathode; 7-electrode wall surface micro-nano pit; 8-micro bubbles.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the adaptive electrode wall surface micro-nano pit microbubble generation device includes a substrate 3 and a dc power supply 5;
the substrate 3 is made of an organic glass material or a silicon wafer, cylindrical electrode wall surface micro-nano pits 7 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the substrate 3, the diameter of each electrode wall surface micro-nano pit 7 is 40-100 micrometers, and the depth of each electrode wall surface micro-nano pit 7 is 20-150 micrometers;
sputtering metal layers are arranged on the wall surface of the electrode wall surface micro-nano pit 7 and the upper surface of the substrate 3, and the metal of the sputtering metal layers is gold, so that a sputtering gold cathode 6 is formed; the micro-nano pits 7 on the wall surface of each electrode are connected through a sputtered gold cathode 6, so that the power is convenient to electrify;
a layer of photoresist 2 covers a sputtered gold cathode 6 on the upper surface of the substrate 3, and the sputtered gold cathode 6 is connected with the cathode of a direct current power supply 5 through a power supply lead 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the manufacturing process of the adaptive electrode wall surface micro-nano pit microbubble generation device includes the following steps:
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3 to 4, the principle of the present invention is as follows:
1. when the device works, the micro-bubble generating device with the micro-nano pits on the wall surface of the electrode is placed in a NaCl solution, the gas generated by electrolysis is bound by the cylindrical pits by utilizing the sputtering gold cathode 6 on the micro-nano pits 7 on the wall surface of the cylindrical electrode to form micro-bubbles 8, and when the pits are filled with the micro-bubbles 8, the formed micro-bubbles 8 cut off the reaction of the NaCl solution of the electrode, and the reaction is automatically terminated;
2. when the water flow 1 flows, the micro-bubbles 8 are sheared and flow by the water flow 1, and are cracked or fall off, and when a gas-liquid interface is reduced to be lower than an electrode, as shown in fig. 3, self-adaptive control is started, the micro-bubbles 8 are supplemented in real time, and the micro-bubbles 8 are maintained at the position shown in fig. 4, so that the effect of stably maintaining the micro-bubbles 8 is achieved; because the stable residence of microbubble 8 has reduced the shear stress of wall, has reduced the resistance on the microbubble 8 drag reduction plane.
When the device works, micro bubbles 8 can be stably retained in the micro-nano pits on the surface of the flat plate of the device, so that the resistance reduction effect is realized; the invention can work autonomously along with the breaking or falling of the micro-bubble 8, realizes the self-adaptive control of the micro-bubble 8, has lower energy consumption and cost, and is easy to realize the application in practical engineering.
Claims (9)
1. Self-adaptation receives electrode wall pit microbubble generating device a little, its characterized in that: the micro-nano electrode micro-bubble generating device comprises a base body and a direct current power supply, wherein a micro-nano electrode wall surface pit is arranged on the surface of the base body, sputtering metal layers are arranged on the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode wall surface pit and the upper surface of the base body, photoresist covers the sputtering metal layers on the upper surface of the base body, the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode wall surface pit and the sputtering metal layers on the upper surface of the base body are used as negative electrodes of the micro-bubble generating device, and the micro-nano electrode wall surface pit and the sputtering metal layers are connected with a negative electrode of the direct current power supply through power supply wires.
2. The device for generating microbubbles on the wall surface of the adaptive micro-nano electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the substrate is made of organic glass material or silicon chip.
3. The device for generating microbubbles on the wall surface of the adaptive micro-nano electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the wall surface pits of the micro-nano electrodes are arranged in a cylindrical shape.
4. The device for generating microbubbles on the wall surface of the adaptive micro-nano electrode according to claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the wall surface pit of the micro-nano electrode is 40-100 mu m, and the depth of the wall surface pit of the micro-nano electrode is 20-150 mu m.
5. The device for generating microbubbles on the wall surface of the adaptive micro-nano electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the pits on the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode are uniformly distributed.
6. The device for generating microbubbles on the wall surface of the adaptive micro-nano electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the metal of the sputtering metal layer is gold.
7. The device for generating microbubbles on the wall surface of the adaptive micro-nano electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the photoresist is 5-10 mu m.
8. The device for generating microbubbles on the wall surface of the adaptive micro-nano electrode according to claim 1, wherein: and an insulating layer with the thickness of 500nm covers the joint of the sputtering metal layer and the power supply lead.
9. The manufacturing method of the self-adaptive micro-nano electrode wall surface pit microbubble generating device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1), manufacturing a micro-nano electrode wall surface pit: forming a micro-nano electrode wall surface pit on the upper surface of the substrate by laser drilling;
step 2) surface organic cleaning: cleaning the surface pits on the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode and the surface of the matrix by using an organic cleaning agent;
step 3), manufacturing a sputtering metal layer: metal sputtering is adopted, metal is sputtered in the pits on the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode and the surface of the substrate, so that the metal is fully distributed on the upper surface of the substrate and the pits on the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode, and the sputtered metal layers on the wall surface of the pits on the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode and the upper surface of the substrate are used as negative electrodes of the micro-bubble generating device during electrolysis;
step 4) photoetching: firstly, spraying photoresist on the upper surface of a substrate, then covering the upper surface of the substrate by using a mask plate, exposing the photoresist covering the pits on the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode, and exposing by using ultraviolet rays to remove the photoresist on the surface of the pits on the wall surface of the micro-nano electrode;
step 5) wire connection: and connecting a power supply lead with the sputtering metal layer and the cathode of the direct current power supply.
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| CN112026983B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2021-09-17 | 厦门大学 | Electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making |
| CN115384685A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-11-25 | 厦门大学 | Self-adaptive control resident micro-bubble array flow resistance reduction device and preparation method thereof |
| CN114813035B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-03-21 | 厦门大学 | Thermal surface cavitation synergistic resistance reduction test device and method |
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