CN112026983B - Electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making - Google Patents
Electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making Download PDFInfo
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- CN112026983B CN112026983B CN202010882142.0A CN202010882142A CN112026983B CN 112026983 B CN112026983 B CN 112026983B CN 202010882142 A CN202010882142 A CN 202010882142A CN 112026983 B CN112026983 B CN 112026983B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
- B63B2001/387—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes using means for producing a film of air or air bubbles over at least a significant portion of the hull surface
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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Abstract
An electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making relates to the technical field of active drag reduction of underwater navigation bodies. The electrode comprises a base body, a carbon rod and a voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply, wherein the surface of the base body is provided with an electrode wall surface micro-pit structure, a polyimide coating is paved on the upper surface of the base body, the lower surface of the base body is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply through a power supply lead, and the carbon rod is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply. By electrolyzing NaCl solution, the adaptive control of the growth of micro bubbles can be realized, gas does not need to be continuously introduced for a long time, when the micro bubbles crack and fall off or a gas-liquid interface is lower than a laid polyimide coating, the device automatically triggers an electrolytic circuit to realize the adaptive control of the micro bubbles, and the device is suitable for surface ships and underwater vehicles; can stably maintain micro bubbles, and is beneficial to practical engineering and military application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of active drag reduction of underwater navigation bodies, in particular to an electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-bit hole making.
Background
The resistance of the underwater vehicle is about 1000 times that of an aerial vehicle, so that the defects of low speed, short range and low precision of the traditional underwater combat weapon generally exist. In order to improve the navigation speed of an underwater vehicle and improve the operational performance of underwater weapons, two technical approaches of increasing propulsion power and reducing navigation resistance are generally adopted at present. Since under normal circumstances thrust is increased eight times, the speed of the vehicle can be doubled. However, the size of the thrust unit is limited by the limited size of the craft, and it is therefore difficult to significantly increase the speed of the craft using conventional methods. Moreover, significant drag reduction is difficult to achieve by optimizing underwater vehicle linetype drag reduction at present.
In recent years, the potential application value of the air cushion formed by the bionic groove surface and the micro-bubbles to flow drag reduction makes the air cushion become one of the research hotspots in the underwater drag reduction field. Currently, the following technical bottlenecks mainly exist for drag reduction technologies such as microbubble formation and residence control and the like to be broken through: the micro-bubble generation mainly adopts a ventilation mode, the size of the micro-bubble generated by the mode is difficult to control, and the energy consumption is large; meanwhile, the existing technology for generating micro bubbles through electrolysis has poor stability of the generated micro bubbles residing on the surface of a navigation body, is difficult to realize control of micro bubble size growth, and cannot realize self-adaptive control when the micro bubbles break or fall from pits, so that a novel self-adaptive control micro bubble anti-drag generating device based on micro-drill hole making is urgently needed to be invented for improving the navigation range and the navigation speed of an underwater navigation body, so that timely and effective anti-drag in a multi-scale complex flowing environment in water is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the key problems that microbubbles are difficult to stably reside and self-supplement is difficult to realize in a microbubble drag reduction technology, and provides an electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis microbubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making by electrolyzing NaCl solution, which can improve the residence stability of the microbubbles, improve the residence rate of the microbubbles and realize the microbubble drag reduction.
The carbon rod-carbon composite cathode comprises a substrate, a carbon rod and a voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply, wherein the surface of the substrate is provided with an electrode wall surface micro-pit structure, the upper surface of the substrate is paved with a polyimide coating, the lower surface of the substrate is connected with the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply through a power supply lead, and the carbon rod is connected with the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply.
The substrate can be a metal copper sheet.
The electrode wall surface micro-pits are arranged in a cylindrical shape.
The diameter of the electrode wall surface micro-pits can be 40-400 μm, and the depth can be 20-200 μm.
The electrode wall surface micro pits can be formed by drilling through a micro drill bit and are uniformly distributed or linearly arranged at intervals.
The coating may be a liquid polyimide.
The thickness of the polyimide coating can be 20-50 μm.
And a layer of conductive adhesive with the thickness of 500nm covers the joint of the lower surface of the substrate and the power supply lead.
The invention relates to an electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making, which can be manufactured by adopting the following method:
1) organic cleaning of the surface: cleaning the surface of the substrate by using an organic cleaning agent;
2) preparing a polyimide coating: fixing the substrate on a spin coater, and spin-coating liquid polyimide on the upper surface of the substrate to uniformly distribute a polyimide coating on the upper surface of the substrate;
3) drying the polyimide coating: vacuum drying the substrate coated with polyimide at 130 deg.C for 5min by using a vacuum dryer;
4) manufacturing micro pits: drilling a hole on a substrate coated with the polyimide coating by using a micro drill to form a micro pit on the wall surface of the electrode;
5) and (3) wire connection: one end of a power supply lead is connected to the lower surface of the substrate through conductive adhesive, the other end of the power supply lead is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply, and the carbon rod is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply through the power supply lead.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention utilizes the characteristic that a voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply generates hydrogen at the negative electrode of the power supply by electrolyzing NaCl solution, selects a metal copper sheet as a matrix, liquid polyimide is coated on the upper surface of the substrate in a spinning mode, micro pits on the wall surface of an electrode are prepared on the upper surface of the substrate coated with the liquid polyimide in a drilling mode through a micro drill bit, a power supply cathode for electrolyzing NaCl solution is formed, the NaCl solution is electrolyzed in the micro pits on the wall surface of the electrode, when micro bubbles are broken or fall off in the micro pits, the effect of real-time supplement is achieved, the self-adaptive control of the micro bubbles can be realized, meanwhile, the electrode wall surface micro-pit formed by micro-drill drilling is high in diameter roundness and high in precision, micro-bubbles can be effectively bound, so that the micro-bubbles can stably reside in the micro-pit, the micro-bubble residence problem in the prior art is solved, the residence rate of the micro-bubbles in the micro-pit is improved, stable residence is realized, and the drag reduction rate is improved.
2. Compared with the micro-bubble drag reduction technology formed by micro-pore ventilation, the invention does not need long-time continuous ventilation and has less energy consumption.
3. When the micro bubbles are broken or fall off, the gas-liquid interface is lower than the polyimide coating, the micro bubble generating device automatically starts the electrolytic circuit, the micro bubble loss can be supplemented in real time, and the micro bubble generating device is suitable for water ships or underwater navigation bodies and has small limitation on the shapes of the ships and the navigation bodies. 4. Compared with the microbubble drag reduction technology generated by electrolyzing water, the invention can stably maintain the residence of microbubbles, improve the residence rate of the microbubbles in the micro pits on the wall surface of the electrode, enhance the continuity and effectiveness of the microbubble drag reduction and be more beneficial to the application in practical scenes.
5. The invention can automatically trigger the electrolytic circuit when the micro-bubbles break or fall off, realizes the self-adaptive real-time supplement of the micro-bubbles, is a self-adaptive control mode of the micro-bubbles, and has simple and convenient operation and strong controllability.
6. The invention can control the generating speed of the micro bubbles by adjusting the DC voltage stabilization, thereby reducing energy consumption and being beneficial to realizing the control of the resistance reduction effect.
7. The invention can control the diameter and the speed of the generated micro-bubbles by adjusting the drilling diameter and the depth of the micro-pits on the wall surface of the electrode, thereby improving the drag reduction efficiency of the micro-bubbles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a manufacturing process of an electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device for making holes by using a micro-drill.
Fig. 3 is one of the principle diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a second schematic diagram of the present invention.
Each of the labels in the figure is: 1-liquid level; 2-a polyimide coating; 3-a substrate; 4-a direct current stabilized power supply; 5-a carbon rod; 6-power supply lead; 7-micro pits; 8-micro bubbles; 9-water flow.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the micro bubble generator for electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis based on micro-drill hole making comprises a substrate 3, a dc regulated power supply 4 and a carbon rod 5;
the substrate 3 is made of a metal copper sheet, cylindrical electrode wall surface micro pits 7 are uniformly distributed or linearly arranged on the surface of the substrate 3 at intervals, the diameter of each electrode wall surface micro pit 7 is 40-400 mu m, and the depth of each electrode wall surface micro pit 7 is 20-200 mu m;
a polyimide coating 2 is laid on the upper surface of the substrate 3, and the polyimide coating 2 is made of liquid polyimide; the electrode wall surface micro-pits 7 are connected with the power supply lead 6 through the lower surface of the substrate 3 by using conductive adhesive, so that the power is convenient to electrify;
the lower surface of the base body 3 is connected with the cathode of a direct current stabilized power supply 4 through a power supply lead 6 by using conductive adhesive.
The surface of the carbon rod 5 is connected with the anode of a direct current stabilized power supply 4 through a power supply lead 6.
As shown in fig. 2, the manufacturing process of the micro-bubble generator based on micro-drilling hole making by micro-drilling bit and micro-pit electrolysis on the wall surface of the electrode comprises the following steps:
step 1, surface organic cleaning: cleaning the surface of the substrate 3 by using an organic cleaning agent;
and 3, drying the polyimide coating 2: vacuum drying the substrate 3 coated with polyimide at 130 deg.C for 5min by using a vacuum dryer;
and step 5, connecting a power supply lead 6: one end of a power supply lead 6 is connected to the lower surface of the base body 3 through conductive adhesive, the other end of the power supply lead is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply 4, and the carbon rod is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply 4 through the power supply lead 6.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3 to 4, the principle of the present invention is as follows:
1. when the device works, an electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making is placed in a NaCl solution, a power supply lead 6 is connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of a direct-current voltage stabilization voltage 4, the reaction between the upper surface of a substrate 3 and the NaCl solution is isolated through a polyimide coating 2, a cylindrical electrode wall surface micro-pit 7 is utilized, gas generated through electrolysis is bound by the cylindrical electrode wall surface micro-pit to gradually form micro-bubbles 8, when the micro-bubbles 8 are filled in the pit, the formed micro-bubbles 8 isolate the electrolysis reaction between an electrolysis electrode and the NaCl solution, and at the moment, the electrolysis reaction is automatically terminated;
2. when the water flow 9 moves, the micro bubbles 8 are subjected to the shear flow flowing action of the water flow 9, the micro bubbles can be broken or fall off, when the gas-liquid interface of the micro bubbles is lowered below the polyimide coating, as shown in fig. 3, self-adaptive control is started, the electrolysis reaction is automatically pneumatic, the micro bubbles 8 are supplemented in real time, and the micro bubbles 8 are maintained at the position shown in fig. 4, so that the effect of stably maintaining the micro bubbles 8 is achieved; the micro-nano pits (micro pits) formed by drilling are high in roundness and precision, and the micro pits on the wall surface of the high-precision electrode can effectively restrain micro bubbles, so that the residence rate of the micro bubbles is improved. Because the stable residence of microbubble 8 has reduced the shear stress of wall, has reduced the resistance on the microbubble 8 drag reduction plane.
When the device works, microbubbles 8 can be stably retained in the micro-nano pits on the surface of the plate of the microbubble generation device, so that the drag reduction effect is realized; the invention can work autonomously along with the breaking or falling of the micro-bubble 8, realizes the self-adaptive control of the micro-bubble 8, has lower energy consumption and cost, is easy to realize the application in practical engineering, in addition, the invention can control the generating speed of the micro-bubble 8 by adjusting the height of the direct current voltage stabilization voltage, and controls the diameter and the speed of the generated micro-bubble 8 by adjusting the diameter and the depth of the micro-pit 7 on the wall surface of the electrode, thereby realizing the adjustment of the drag reduction effect.
Claims (5)
1. The micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on the micro-drill hole-making electrode wall surface is characterized by comprising a base body, a carbon rod and a voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply, wherein the surface of the base body is provided with an electrode wall surface micro-pit structure, the upper surface of the base body is paved with a polyimide coating, the lower surface of the base body is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply through a power supply lead, and the carbon rod is connected with the positive electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply;
wherein the substrate adopts a metal copper sheet;
the micro pits are arranged in a cylindrical shape;
the diameter of the micro-pits is 40-400 mu m, and the depth of the micro-pits is 20-200 mu m;
wherein, the electrode wall surface micro-pit electrolysis micro-bubble generating device based on micro-drill hole making adopts the following steps:
1) organic cleaning of the surface: cleaning the surface of the substrate by using an organic cleaning agent;
2) preparing a polyimide coating: fixing the substrate on a spin coater, and spin-coating liquid polyimide on the upper surface of the substrate to uniformly distribute a polyimide coating on the upper surface of the substrate;
3) drying the polyimide coating: vacuum drying the substrate coated with polyimide at 130 deg.C for 5min by using a vacuum dryer;
4) manufacturing micro pits: drilling a hole on a substrate coated with the polyimide coating by using a micro drill to form a micro pit on the wall surface of the electrode;
5) and (3) wire connection: one end of a power supply lead is connected to the lower surface of the substrate through conductive adhesive, the other end of the power supply lead is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply, and the carbon rod is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage-stabilizing direct-current power supply through the power supply lead.
2. The micro-bubble generator based on micro-pits electrolysis on electrode wall surface of claim 1, wherein the micro-pits on electrode wall surface are arranged in uniform or linearly increasing intervals.
3. The micro-bubble generator based on micro-pits in the electrode wall surface of micro-drill hole making as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating is liquid polyimide.
4. The micro-bubble generator based on micro-pits on the electrode wall surface of micro-drill hole making as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the polyimide coating is 20-50 μm.
5. The micro-bubble generator based on micro-pits in the electrode wall surface for making holes on the micro-drill according to claim 1, wherein the connecting part of the lower surface of the substrate and the power supply lead is covered with a layer of conductive adhesive with a thickness of 500 nm.
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| CN100491190C (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2009-05-27 | 清华大学 | Array electrode type flat plate wall micro-cavity generating device |
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| TW201238836A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-01 | Univ Nat Kaohsiung Marine | A device with microbubble-induced superhydrophobic surface for drag reduction and antifouling in seagoing ship |
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| CN106409081A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-02-15 | 西北工业大学 | Super-hydrophobic surface gas film drag reduction model based on dynamic gas supplement through electrolysis of water |
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