CN111572163B - Preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth - Google Patents

Preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111572163B
CN111572163B CN202010462107.3A CN202010462107A CN111572163B CN 111572163 B CN111572163 B CN 111572163B CN 202010462107 A CN202010462107 A CN 202010462107A CN 111572163 B CN111572163 B CN 111572163B
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polyester fiber
base fabric
environment
base cloth
leather base
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CN111572163A (en
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张建林
吴建东
许付铜
刘文聚
袁朋朋
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Linyi Yujie New Material Co ltd
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Linyi Yujie New Material Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B32B2037/1072—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using a fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth, which comprises the following steps: (1) dispersing polyester fibers into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyester fiber solution; (2) preparing two polyester fiber layers by introducing the polyester fiber solution, and then compounding the polyester fiber layers with the polyester fiber base fabric to ensure that the polyester fiber base fabric is arranged in the middle and the two sides of the polyester fiber base fabric are the polyester fiber layers to obtain three-layer composite cloth; (3) and (3) carrying out high-pressure swinging spunlace reinforcement, squeezing dehydration and vacuum water absorption on the three layers of leather base cloth, and then drying to obtain the environment-friendly leather base cloth. The environment-friendly leather base cloth prepared by the invention eliminates the water needle lines on the surface of the product, is not fluffy and layered, has smooth and tidy cloth surface and soft and exquisite hand feeling, and the density of the finally prepared environment-friendly leather base cloth reaches 0.2-90 g/cm2The gram weight is 110 to 350g/m2In the meantime.

Description

Preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth, belonging to the technical field of non-woven cloth.
Background
The productivity of the artificial leather and the synthetic leather in China currently accounts for more than 70% of the total world production. With the continuous emergence of new technologies, the synthesis technology of artificial leather and synthetic leather is continuously developed, most of the artificial leather and synthetic leather are composite materials which are formed by taking fibrous base cloth as a reinforcing material and polymer resin as a substrate in a coating or impregnation mode, and the performance and development of the base cloth determine the development of the artificial leather industry.
However, the production process of artificial leather and synthetic leather still faces serious pollution problems, the products also have pollution harmful to human bodies, most intuitively, automobile seats, sofas and the like which are processed and manufactured by animal leather or artificial leather have sharp volatile harmful gas odor, and the reason is that most of the surface coatings produced by the animal leather and the artificial leather adopt solvent polyurethane, namely oily PU. Oily PU generates toxic volatile gas, and the volatility is stronger at higher temperature. For example, chinese patent document CN104404777A discloses a process for producing suede leather, comprising the following steps: preparing a needle-punched non-woven fabric: the needle-punched non-woven fabric is made of terylene and polypropylene fiber raw materials and is formed by multiple times of needle punching and proper hot rolling treatment; coating a PVC foaming layer on the needled non-woven fabric; coating a surface treating agent on the outer layer of the foaming layer, and forming a PVC surface layer after the surface treating agent is dried and solidified; coating a layer of fur-like artificial leather feeling coating on the surface of the PVC surface layer, and carrying out a low-temperature foaming embossing process on the fur-like artificial leather feeling coating; and coating a layer of wax-feeling oily coating on the surface of the fur-feeling artificial leather-feeling coating. The oily coating in the invention adopts oily pu, so that the risk of generating toxic volatile gas exists.
In addition, the inventor of the present invention also discloses a patent document of a preparation method of a completely environment-friendly leather base fabric in the previous period, and the patent publication number is CN 107953497A. Dispersing polyester fibers into water to prepare a polyester fiber suspension; adding a dispersing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a terylene solution; preparing two layers of polyester paper by using an upper paper machine and a lower paper machine through a polyester solution by a paper making method, and compounding the upper polyester paper layer and the lower polyester paper layer with base cloth through a compounding roller to enable the base cloth to be in the middle and enable two surfaces of the base cloth to be polyester paper, so that leather cloth is obtained; carrying out high-pressure spunlace and squeezing dehydration on the leather cloth, then drying in a drying cylinder, rolling, and finally slitting to obtain the leather cloth. However, the process adopts fixed common spunlace for compounding, and the product is reinforced by high-pressure water flow, so that the surface of the product can generate one course of water needle lines, the surface of the product is rough, the coating is not easy to occur, the hand feeling of the product is influenced, and the attractiveness of the product is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and limitations of the existing spunlace technology, particularly obvious grain of the spunlace, rough hand feeling, difficult coating and influence on the aesthetic property of the product, the invention provides the preparation method of the environment-friendly leather base fabric. The invention innovatively uses swing spunlace, uses fixed common spunlace to pre-reinforce, and then reinforces the two sides of the product through six swing spunlaces in front and back, so that the product is more ceramic and solid and reaches the industrial standard of leather cloth. The environment-friendly leather base cloth is formed by twisting and compounding the superfine ultrashort polyester fibers and the polyester fiber base cloth, is suitable for manufacturing leather cloth impregnated or coated by aqueous PU, and is colorless, tasteless and environment-friendly. The environment-friendly leather base cloth is of a three-layer structure, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are polyester fiber layers, and the middle layer is a polyester fiber base cloth layer.
Description of terms:
pressure unit: the pressure units are expressed in kg, namely kilogram force, which is a common unit of force, and the international unit of force is Newton. A force of 1 kilogram refers to the gravitational force (i.e., 9.8N) experienced by a body of 1 kilogram, so 1 kilogram force =9.8 newtons.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersing polyester fibers into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyester fiber solution;
(2) simultaneously passing the polyester fiber solution and the polyester fiber base fabric through a three-layer composite former, wherein the polyester fiber solution is used for preparing an upper polyester fiber layer and a lower polyester fiber layer, and then pre-spunlacing the upper polyester fiber layer and the lower polyester fiber layer to be compounded with the polyester fiber base fabric, so that the polyester fiber base fabric is arranged in the middle, and the two sides of the polyester fiber base fabric are provided with the polyester fiber layers, thus obtaining the three-layer composite leather base fabric;
(3) and (3) fixing the three-layer composite leather base cloth by common spunlace for reinforcement, fully interweaving the three-layer composite leather base cloth after high-pressure swing spunlace, squeezing for dehydration and vacuum water absorption to form high-strength base cloth, and drying to obtain the environment-friendly leather base cloth.
According to the invention, the fineness of the polyester fiber in the step (1) is preferably 0.01-0.6 dtex, and the fiber length is preferably 1-8 mm; more preferably, the fineness of the polyester fiber is 0.05 to 0.4dtex, and the fiber length is 3 to 7 mm.
According to the invention, the mass ratio of the polyester fiber to the deionized water in the step (1) is preferably 1: (40-60);
according to the present invention, it is preferable that the base fabric of polyester fiber described in the step (2) is a woven base fabric of polyester fiber.
More preferably, the gram weight of the polyester fiber woven base fabric is 40-100 g/m2；
More preferably, the thickness of the polyester fiber woven base fabric is 0.2-0.7 mm.
According to the invention, the pressure of the pre-spunlacing in the step (2) is preferably 10-50 kg.
According to the present invention, it is preferable that the pressure for fixing the normal spunlace in the step (3) is 30 to 70 kg.
According to the invention, preferably, the high-pressure swing spunlace in the step (3) is gradually pressurized, the initial pressure of the gradual pressurization is 40-80 kg, and the ending pressure is 100-170 kg.
The present invention has been described in detail and is generally practiced in the art.
The invention has the technical characteristics that:
the environment-friendly leather base cloth is manufactured by using the ultra-fine ultra-short polyester fiber and a water-needling compounding method under the condition of not carrying out any chemical treatment, is a fabric suitable for being impregnated or coated by water-based PU, is colorless, tasteless and environment-friendly, and is completely environment-friendly after being processed. And in the preparation process, high-pressure swing spunlace is adopted for compounding, the initial pressure of the step-by-step pressurization is 40-80 kg, and the final pressure is 100-170 kg in the high-pressure swing spunlace process, so that the pressure is uniform and proper, delamination when the water pressure is too small is effectively avoided, the density is low, the tearing strength is low when the pressure is too large, the base fabric structure is damaged by large pressure, and the water needle circularly swings in the spunlace process, so that the surface water needle patterns of the prepared environment-friendly leather base fabric are eliminated, and the environment-friendly leather base fabric is smoother and better in hand feeling.
The invention has the following technical characteristics and beneficial effects:
1. the raw material adopted in the invention is ultra-short polyester fiber, and can be dispersed uniformly without adding a dispersant in the using process; meanwhile, the length of the selected polyester fiber is 1-8 mm, the titer is 0.01-0.6 dtex, if the fiber is too short, the titer is too small, the fiber is easy to run off and fall, the cost is high, and the subsequent forming is difficult; too long fiber and too large fineness can not be dispersed easily, and the uniformity of the finished product is poor.
2. The invention adopts a swing type spunlace machine to carry out high-pressure spunlace, the initial pressure of gradual pressurization is 40-80 kg and the final pressure is 100-170 kg in the high-pressure spunlace process, so that the pressure is uniform and appropriate, and the water needle circularly swings in the spunlace process, so that the prepared environment-friendly leather base cloth eliminates water needle lines on the surface of a product, is not fluffy and layered, has smooth and tidy cloth surface and soft and fine hand feeling, and the density of the finally prepared environment-friendly leather base cloth reaches 0.2-90 g/cm2The gram weight is 110 to 350g/m2And is suitable for producing automotive trims or clothes.
3. The method has the advantages of no use of any organic solvent in the process of preparing the environment-friendly leather base cloth, no pollution, complete environment protection, simple preparation method steps, easy forming by replacing an upper former and a lower former with a three-layer composite former, shortening of the whole process, easy drying of the prepared environment-friendly leather base cloth, high yield, attractive appearance, economy and practicability and wide application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an environment-friendly leather base fabric prepared in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a fiber structure of the eco-friendly leather base fabric prepared in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a fiber structure of the eco-friendly leather base fabric prepared in comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following specific examples.
The raw materials used in the examples are conventional raw materials, and the equipment used is conventional equipment, commercially available products.
Example 1
A preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersing superfine and ultrashort polyester fibers with the fineness of 0.2dtex and the fiber length of 5mm into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyester fiber solution;
(2) preparing a polyester fiber woven base fabric on an unreeling frame, wherein the gram weight of the base fabric is 50g/m20.3mm in thickness for standby;
simultaneously passing the polyester fiber solution and the polyester fiber base fabric through a three-layer composite former, wherein the polyester fiber solution is used for preparing an upper polyester fiber layer and a lower polyester fiber layer, and then the upper polyester fiber layer and the lower polyester fiber layer are compounded with the polyester fiber base fabric through 20kg of pre-spunlace, so that the polyester fiber base fabric is arranged in the middle, and the two sides of the polyester fiber base fabric are polyester fiber layers, thereby obtaining the three-layer composite leather base fabric;
(3) and (2) fixing the three-layer composite leather base cloth by 40kg of common spunlace, then carrying out high-pressure swing spunlace reinforcement by using a swing spunlace machine to eliminate water needle lines, gradually pressurizing the high-pressure swing spunlace, wherein the initial pressure of the gradual pressurization is 50kg, the final pressure is 110kg, and after squeezing, dewatering and vacuum water absorption, entering hot air drying for primary drying, drying in a drying cylinder, rolling, and finally slitting to obtain the environment-friendly leather base cloth.
The structure of the environment-friendly leather base fabric prepared by the embodiment is shown in figure 1 and is divided into three layers, the polyester fiber woven base fabric is arranged in the middle, the two sides of the polyester fiber woven base fabric are provided with polyester fiber layers, and the fiber structure is shown in figure 2.
Example 2
A preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersing superfine and ultrashort polyester fibers with the fineness of 0.4dtex and the fiber length of 6mm into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyester fiber solution;
(2) preparing polyester fiber woven base fabric on an unreeling frame, wherein the gram weight of the base fabric is 70g/m20.5mm in thickness for standby;
simultaneously passing the polyester fiber solution and the polyester fiber base fabric through a three-layer composite former, wherein the polyester fiber solution is used for preparing an upper polyester fiber layer and a lower polyester fiber layer, and then the upper polyester fiber layer and the lower polyester fiber layer are compounded with the polyester fiber base fabric through 30kg of pre-spunlace, so that the polyester fiber base fabric is arranged in the middle, and the two sides of the polyester fiber base fabric are polyester fiber layers, thereby obtaining the three-layer composite leather base fabric;
(3) the three-layer composite leather base cloth is firstly fixed by 50kg through common spunlace and then is subjected to high-pressure swing spunlace reinforcement by using a swing spunlace machine to eliminate water needle lines, the high-pressure swing spunlace is gradually pressurized, the initial pressure of the gradual pressurization is 60kg, the final pressure is 150kg, and after squeezing dehydration and vacuum water absorption, the three-layer composite leather base cloth enters hot air drying for primary drying, is sent to a drying cylinder for drying, is rolled and is finally cut to obtain the environment-friendly leather base cloth.
Example 3
A preparation method of environment-friendly leather base cloth comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersing superfine and ultrashort polyester fibers with the fineness of 0.5dtex and the fiber length of 7mm into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyester fiber solution;
(2) preparing polyester fiber woven base fabric on an unreeling frame, wherein the gram weight of the base fabric is 100g/m20.7mm in thickness for standby;
simultaneously passing the polyester fiber solution and the polyester fiber base fabric through a three-layer composite former, wherein the polyester fiber solution is used for preparing an upper polyester fiber layer and a lower polyester fiber layer, and then the upper polyester fiber layer and the lower polyester fiber layer are compounded with the polyester fiber base fabric through 40kg of pre-spunlace, so that the polyester fiber base fabric is arranged in the middle, and the two sides of the polyester fiber base fabric are polyester fiber layers, thereby obtaining the three-layer composite leather base fabric;
(3) the three-layer composite leather base cloth is firstly fixed by 60kg through common spunlace, then is subjected to high-pressure swing spunlace reinforcement by using a swing spunlace machine to eliminate water needle lines, the high-pressure swing spunlace is gradually pressurized, the initial pressure of the gradual pressurization is 70kg, the final pressure is 160kg, and after squeezing dehydration and vacuum water absorption, the three-layer composite leather base cloth enters hot air drying for primary drying, is sent to a drying cylinder for drying, is rolled and is finally cut to obtain the environment-friendly leather base cloth.
Comparative example 1
As described in example 1, except that:
the length of the polyester fiber in the step (1) is 0.5 mm.
Comparative example 2
As described in example 1, except that:
the length of the polyester fiber in the step (1) is 12 mm.
The structure of the fiber structure of the environment-friendly leather base fabric prepared by the comparative example is shown in fig. 3.
Comparative example 3
As described in example 1, except that:
in the step (3), the initial pressure of the high-pressure swing spunlace step-by-step pressurization is 20kg, and the final pressure is 100 kg.
Comparative example 4
As described in example 1, except that:
in the step (3), the initial pressure of the high-pressure swing spunlace step-by-step pressurization is 100kg, and the final pressure is 200 kg.
Comparative example 5
As described in example 1, except that:
in the step (3), fixed common spunlace with the pressure of 100kg is adopted.
Compared with the comparative example 2, the polyester fiber with the length of 5mm and the fineness of 0.2dtex is used in the embodiment 1, so that the environment-friendly leather base fabric prepared in the embodiment 1 has the advantages of thinner fiber structure, good evenness, easier forming, no fluffing, no layering, smooth and tidy cloth surface and soft and fine hand feeling.
Test example 1
The performance indexes of the leather base fabrics obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
As can be seen from the comparison of the performance indexes of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 in Table 1, the overlong or overlong polyester fiber results in a smaller gram weight of the finished product, lower breaking strength and tearing strength, poor uniformity, difficult forming and easy delamination. As can be seen from the comparison of the performance indexes of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 3-4, the low high-pressure swing spunlace pressure can result in the product with low gram weight and low breaking strength and tearing strength, and although the uniformity is good and the forming is easy, the product is easy to delaminate; and the high-pressure swing hydro-entangled pressure is too high, so that the finished product has low breaking strength and tearing strength, and is easy to delaminate although the uniformity is good and the forming is easy. As can be seen from the comparison of the performance indexes of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 5, the environment-friendly leather base fabric prepared by using the fixed ordinary spunlace is only qualified in terms of gram weight, and other breaking strength is not qualified with tearing strength and evenness, and the evenness is poor, difficult to form and delaminate.

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly leather base cloth is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dispersing polyester fibers with the fineness of 0.05-0.4 dtex and the fiber length of 3-7 mm into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyester fiber solution;
(2) simultaneously passing the polyester fiber solution and the polyester fiber base fabric through a three-layer composite former, wherein the polyester fiber solution is used for preparing an upper polyester fiber layer and a lower polyester fiber layer, and then pre-spunlacing the upper polyester fiber layer and the lower polyester fiber layer to be compounded with the polyester fiber base fabric, so that the polyester fiber base fabric is arranged in the middle, and the two sides of the polyester fiber base fabric are provided with the polyester fiber layers, thus obtaining the three-layer composite leather base fabric;
(3) fixing the three-layer composite leather base cloth by common spunlace for reinforcement, fully interweaving the three-layer composite leather base cloth after high-pressure swing spunlace, squeezing for dehydration and vacuum water absorption to form high-strength base cloth, and drying to obtain the environment-friendly leather base cloth;
wherein the pressure for fixing the common spunlace is 30-70 kg; the high-pressure swing spunlace is gradually pressurized, the initial pressure of the gradual pressurization is 40-80 kg, and the ending pressure of the gradual pressurization is 100-170 kg.
2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester fibers to the deionized water in the step (1) is 1: (40-60).
3. The method for preparing environment-friendly leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein the polyester fiber base fabric in the step (2) is polyester fiber woven base fabric.
4. The method for preparing environment-friendly leather base cloth according to claim 3, wherein the gram weight of the polyester fiber woven base cloth in the step (2) is 40-100 g/m2The thickness of the polyester fiber woven base fabric is 0.2-0.7 mm.
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of the pre-hydroentangling in the step (2) is 10 to 50 kg.
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