CN111570807B - Preparation method of worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate - Google Patents
Preparation method of worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111570807B CN111570807B CN202010337447.3A CN202010337447A CN111570807B CN 111570807 B CN111570807 B CN 111570807B CN 202010337447 A CN202010337447 A CN 202010337447A CN 111570807 B CN111570807 B CN 111570807B
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical class [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F3/26—Impregnating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
Abstract
The preparation method of the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate comprises a base plate, a wear-resisting layer and a plurality of graphite filling bodies formed in the wear-resisting layer. The wear-resistant layer is made of a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite. The mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite consists of copper powder, tin powder and expandable graphite. And sintering the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite on the substrate, and pressurizing the wear-resistant layer while sintering, wherein the load loaded during pressurization is 0.1-0.3 MPa. Through the preparation method of the patent technology, the oil content of the wear-resisting plate is improved to more than 30% from the original 20% under the condition of keeping the original mechanical strength, so that better self-lubricating performance is obtained, and the wear-resisting plate has lower friction factor and can be used in a more severe service environment. The invention also provides a preparation method of the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wear-resisting plate manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate.
Background
The wear-resistant composite material is widely applied to the field of friction materials through special modification due to excellent antifriction performance and wear resistance, and has the excellent characteristics of shock absorption, low noise, light weight, easiness in processing and the like.
With the wide application of the wear-resistant composite material, the requirements of customer design and working conditions are higher and higher, and particularly under the condition of higher requirement on the bearing capacity, the wear-resistant performance of the wear-resistant composite material is higher, so that the existing common polymer-based composite material is difficult to be sufficient.
Because along with the development of science and technology, the antifriction plate can be used in the environment that many service environments are more severe, such as tire mould trade, wind power generation shaft coupling trade, these trades dust is big, shakes greatly to make the mechanism that uses current antifriction plate often need maintain, and then increased cost of labor and maintenance duration, also caused the rise of overall cost. Therefore, it is an urgent need in the industry to find a wear-resistant material that can adapt to more severe service environments.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a powder sintered wear plate and an insert graphite wear plate have been developed, but the powder sintered wear plate has a certain solid lubrication filling rate and oil content, but is not suitable for high load bearing operating conditions because of its general mechanical strength. Simultaneously, in the antifriction plate, if graphite content adds much, mix the powder and can't realize, moreover in the course of working, graphite can precipitate out, and graphite addition volume is too big moreover, can influence the bonding strength of material. Therefore, in the powder sintered type wear plate, the amount of graphite added is small, generally less than 5%, so as not to affect the mechanical strength. The graphite wear-resistant plate has good mechanical strength, but due to the structural characteristics, the wear-resistant plate has general lubricating performance, low oil content and high friction coefficient under normal conditions, and is not suitable for working conditions with high linear speed.
Therefore, the improvement of the solid lubrication filling and the oil content can obviously improve the antifriction performance of the wear-resistant material and obtain better friction and wear resistance, but the increase of the solid lubrication filling and the oil content can obviously reduce the overall mechanical strength of the wear-resistant material, so that how to obtain better solid lubrication filling and oil content is an important research subject on the premise of ensuring the mechanical performance in the existing wear-resistant plate industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a method for manufacturing a wear plate with a worm-shaped graphite filling structure, which has a larger solid lubrication filling amount, a higher oil content, and good mechanical properties, thereby obtaining better self-lubrication performance and a longer maintenance period, so as to solve the above problems.
A worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate comprises a base plate, a wear-resisting layer sintered on the base plate, and a plurality of graphite filling bodies formed in the wear-resisting layer. The wear-resistant layer is made of a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite. The mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite consists of copper powder, tin powder and expandable graphite. The content of copper powder in the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite is 83.5-89.5%, the content of tin powder is 10-15%, the content of the expandable graphite is 0.5-1.5%, and the mesh number of the expandable graphite is 600-800 meshes. Sintering the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite to the substrate, and pressurizing the wear-resistant layer while sintering, wherein the load loaded during pressurization is 0.1-0.3MPa so that the expandable graphite expands in the wear-resistant layer to form a plurality of graphite fillers. The volume of the graphite filler is 8 to 10 times of the volume of the original expandable graphite, and the long diameter is more than 100 um. And a plurality of graphite fillers are formed on any one section at intervals and account for 45-55% of the total area of the wear-resistant layer. The graphite filler with the cross-section metallographic surface area larger than 3000 square microns is arranged in the graphite fillers.
Further, the substrate is a steel plate, a copper plate or a stainless steel plate.
Further, the worm-like graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate also comprises lubricating oil which is soaked in the wear-resisting layer.
Further, the content of the copper powder is 86%.
Further, the content of the tin powder is 13%.
Further, the content of the expandable graphite is 1.0%.
Further, a plurality of the graphite fillers have vermicular graphite fillers.
A preparation method of a worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate comprises the following steps:
s1: providing a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite, wherein the content of copper powder in the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite is 83.5-89.5%, the content of tin powder is 10-15%, the content of expandable graphite is 0.5-1.5%, and the mesh number of the expandable graphite is 600-800 meshes;
s2, providing a substrate;
s3, uniformly stirring the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite, and then paving the mixture on the surface of the substrate;
s4, providing a pressure plate;
s5: covering the pressurizing plate on a substrate paved with the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite;
s6: the method comprises the steps of putting a pressurizing plate, a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite and a substrate which are combined together into a high-temperature sintering furnace, rapidly heating the pressurizing plate, the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite and the substrate, keeping the temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace at 900-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-2.8 ℃/min when the temperature reaches 300-350 ℃, loading a load of 0.1-0.3MPa on the pressurizing plate during sintering to form a wear-resistant layer, forming a plurality of graphite fillers in the wear-resistant layer, forming the graphite fillers at intervals on any section and occupying 45-55% of the total area of the wear-resistant layer, wherein the graphite fillers comprise a graphite metallographic filler with a section surface area larger than 3000 square microns.
Further, after step S6, step S7 is further included, and in step S7, the wear-resistant layer is impregnated with lubricating oil by vacuum impregnation.
Further, when the sintering temperature reaches 900-1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is at least 1 hour, and then the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resistant plate provided by the invention uses the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite when the wear-resistant layer is manufactured, the sintering temperature is heated to 300-350 ℃ and then heated at the speed of 2-2.8 ℃/min so as to control the expansion multiple of the expandable graphite, namely, the volume of the expanded graphite is controlled to be 8-10 times, and the heat preservation is carried out when the sintering temperature reaches 900-1000 ℃, so that the volume of the expanded graphite is kept to be 8-10 times of the original volume, and the influence of the expanded graphite on the strength of the wear-resistant plate is reduced. In addition, a load of 0.1-0.3MPa is loaded on the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite by using a pressurizing plate during high-temperature sintering, so that a plurality of spaced graphite filling bodies are formed on the formed wear-resistant layer. The content of copper powder in the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite, the content of tin powder, the content of expandable graphite and the mesh number of expandable graphite are controlled and matched, and the total area of the wear-resistant layer is 45-55% by controlling the sintering temperature and the pressure of a pressure plate, and a plurality of graphite fillers with cross-sectional metallographic surface areas larger than 3000 square microns are arranged in the graphite fillers. When the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate is used, besides the good self-lubricating effect of the graphite, more lubricating oil can be impregnated and stored due to the existence of the graphite filling body with the large cross-section metallographic surface area, so that the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate has higher oil content, better self-lubricating performance and lower friction factor. Meanwhile, during sintering, due to pressurization of the pressurizing plate, the overall strength of the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate is ensured while the graphite filling body is formed, namely the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate has higher mechanical strength. By combining the advantages, the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate can be used in more severe service environments, such as working conditions with higher linear speed or higher load.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional metallographic view of the worm-worsted graphite packing structure wear plate of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resistant plate of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention will be described in further detail below. It should be understood that the description herein of embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, which are schematic structural diagrams of the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resistant plate provided by the invention. The worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate comprises a base plate 10, a wear-resisting layer 20 sintered on the base plate 10, and a plurality of graphite filling bodies 30 formed in the wear-resisting layer.
The substrate 10 is one of a copper plate, a steel plate, a carbon steel plate, a stainless steel plate and an aluminum plate. In this embodiment, the substrate 10 is a steel plate, and the thickness thereof may be determined according to actual requirements.
The wear-resistant layer 20 is formed by winding and bonding a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite on the substrate 10. The mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite consists of copper powder, tin powder and expandable graphite. The copper powder content in the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite is 83.5-89.5%, the tin powder content is 10-15%, and the expandable graphite content is 0.5-1.5%. The copper powder and the tin powder should be prepared from materials known to those skilled in the art, and the specifications of the copper powder and the tin powder can be the sizes and specifications of the existing copper powder and tin powder used for preparing the wear-resistant material. Preferably, the content of the copper powder is 86%. The content of the tin powder is 13%. In the early 60's of the 19 th century, Brodie heated natural graphite after reacting it with chemicals such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and found expandable graphite. Expandable Graphite (EG) is a loose and porous vermicular substance obtained by intercalating, washing, drying and expanding natural Graphite flakes at high temperature. The expandable graphite has excellent properties of cold and heat resistance, corrosion resistance, self-lubrication and the like of natural graphite, and also has characteristics of softness, compression resilience, adsorbability, ecological environment compatibility, biocompatibility, radiation resistance and the like which are not possessed by natural graphite. The expandable graphite can instantaneously expand by 150-300 times in volume when meeting high temperature, the flake shape is changed into a worm shape, and the structure is loose and porous after the flake shape is changed into the worm shape, so that the surface area is enlarged. Due to the characteristics, the expandable graphite cannot be used randomly when being applied to the wear-resistant material, and the factors of oil storage capacity, strength and the like must be considered. Therefore, through repeated verification, the content of the expandable graphite should be controlled to be between 0.5 and 1.5 percent, and preferably, the content of the expandable graphite is 1 percent. The mesh number is 600-800 meshes. The mesh size of the expandable graphite and the processing technology determine the size of the expanded graphite filler on the wear-resistant layer 20, and the mesh size helps balance the oil storage capacity and the mechanical strength of the wear-resistant plate. Preferably, the mesh number of the expandable graphite is 650 meshes.
The graphite filler 30 is formed during sintering of the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite. In order to ensure the oil storage capacity and strength, the sintering of the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite onto the substrate 10 should be performed according to a strict temperature profile, namely, the high-temperature sintering furnace is rapidly heated up, when the temperature reaches 300 to 350 ℃, the expansion factor of the expanded graphite is controlled at a heating speed of 2.0 to 2.8 ℃/min, namely, the volume of the expanded graphite is controlled to be 8-10 times, the temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace is increased to 900-1000 ℃, and heat preservation is carried out in the temperature range, preferably, the heat preservation temperature should be kept at about 930 ℃, under the temperature control condition, the volume of the expandable graphite can be expanded to a certain range, namely, the volume of the graphite filler is 8 to 10 times of the original volume of the expandable graphite, and the long diameter is more than 100um, so as to balance the oil storage capacity and the mechanical strength of the wear-resisting plate. At the same time, the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite must be pressurized during sintering, so as to prevent the expansion multiple of the expandable graphite from being uncontrollable, which results in the damage of the alloy layer structure and the low strength of the wear-resisting plate. The load applied during pressurization is 0.1 to 0.3 MPa. Preferably, the load applied is 0.25 MPa. A plurality of the graphite fillers 30 may be formed on the wear-resistant layer 20 by pressing at the time of sintering and by the pressing plate. Through the parameter setting, a plurality of graphite fillers 30 are formed on any cross section at intervals and occupy 45-55% of the total area of the wear-resistant layer, the metallographic surface area of the cross section of the plurality of graphite fillers 30 is larger than 3000 square microns, and the plurality of graphite fillers 30 are in an irregular worm shape.
As shown in fig. 3, the invention also provides a preparation method of the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resistant plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1: providing a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite, wherein the content of copper powder in the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite is 83.5-89.5%, the content of tin powder is 10-15%, the content of expandable graphite is 0.5-1.5%, and the mesh number of the expandable graphite is 600-800 meshes;
s2, providing a substrate 10;
s3, uniformly stirring the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite, and then paving the mixture on the surface of the substrate 10;
s4, providing a pressure plate; the pressing plate may be made of a metal material;
s5: covering the pressurizing plate on a substrate 10 paved with the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite;
s6: the method comprises the steps of putting a pressurizing plate, a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite and a substrate 10 which are combined together into a high-temperature sintering furnace, rapidly heating the high-temperature sintering furnace to 900-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 2.0-2.8 ℃/min when the temperature reaches 300-350 ℃, preserving heat at 900-1000 ℃, loading a load of 0.1-0.3MPa on the pressurizing plate during sintering to form a wear-resistant layer 20, forming a plurality of graphite fillers 30 in the wear-resistant layer 20, forming the graphite fillers 30 at intervals on any section and occupying the total area of the wear-resistant layer 20, wherein the graphite fillers 30 have a cross-section metallographic surface area larger than 3000 square microns.
Preferably, the temperature rise rate is 2.5 ℃/min. Because the graphite fillers 30 are formed at intervals on any cross section and account for 45-55% of the total area of the wear-resistant layer 20, about 10% of common graphite is added, and even more amount of common graphite is added. Therefore, the oil content is higher, and particularly, the oil content of the wear plate is improved to more than 30% from the original 20%. Further, after step S6, step S7 is also included. In step S7, lubricating oil is impregnated in the wear-resistant layer 20. The impregnation method may be vacuum impregnation. The lubricating oil may be impregnated in the wear resistant layer 20 and stored in the graphite filler 30.
Example (b):
providing a mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite, wherein the content of copper powder in the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite is 87%, the content of tin powder is 12%, the content of the expandable graphite is 1.0%, and the mesh number of the expandable graphite is 600-800 meshes; and (3) strictly according to a heating curve, heating the high-temperature sintering furnace to 930 ℃ at a speed of 2.5 ℃/min after the temperature reaches 350 ℃, and loading a load of 0.25MPa on the pressurizing plate while sintering to obtain the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate.
The worm-type graphite filling structure wear plate is detected and tested, the detected items comprise porosity and oil storage capacity, and the tested items comprise mechanical strength and lubricity. Meanwhile, the existing graphite wear-resistant plates and the common powder sintered copper alloy wear-resistant plates are detected and tested under the same conditions, and data shown in the table I are obtained. The specific detection means and test conditions are as follows:
1. and (4) carrying out metallographic detection on the cross section of the wear-resisting plate by using a metallographic microscope to obtain data of the maximum pore area of the cross section. The sample size was 20 x 20 mm.
2. The porosity (containing graphite) of the cross section of the wear-resisting plate is detected by using a metallographic microscope, and the data of the porosity is obtained by adopting the area percentage. The sample size was 20 x 20 mm.
3. And (3) carrying out compression deformation resistance test on the three wear-resisting plates by referring to the national standard and adopting the parameter condition of keeping the pressure at 150MPa for 15 seconds. The sample size was 10 x 10 mm.
4. The oil storage amount is the impregnation amount of the wear-resistant plate material to the lubricating oil, and is volume percentage;
5. the friction and wear performance conditions are 5MPa of load, the linear speed is 6m/min, the running distance requirement is 50000m, the lubrication condition is a dry friction condition, the adopted friction and wear mode is planar reciprocating motion, the opposite-grinding piece is 45# steel material, after heat treatment, the surface hardness of the opposite-grinding piece is HRC45-47, and the surface roughness of the wear-resisting plate and the opposite-grinding piece is within 1.6. The sample size was 40 x 40 mm.
Parameter table for different wear-resisting plates
Through comparison of the detected data and the tested data, the compression deformation resistance, the oil storage capacity, the lubricating performance and other parameters of the worm-type graphite filling structure wear plate provided by the invention are obviously superior to those of other two wear plates, so that the worm-type graphite filling structure wear plate can be applied to a more severe environment. It should be noted that the ability to resist compression deformation is a parameter for the strength of the wear plate.
Compared with the prior art, the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resistant plate provided by the invention uses the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite when the wear-resistant layer is manufactured, the sintering temperature is heated to 300-350 ℃ and then heated at the speed of 2-2.8 ℃/min so as to control the expansion multiple of the expandable graphite, namely, the volume of the expanded graphite is controlled to be 8-10 times, and the heat preservation is carried out when the sintering temperature reaches 900-1000 ℃, so that the volume of the expanded graphite is kept to be 8-10 times of the original volume, and the influence of the expanded graphite on the strength of the wear-resistant plate is reduced. In addition, a load of 0.1-0.3MPa is loaded on the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite by using a pressurizing plate during high-temperature sintering, so that a plurality of spaced graphite filling bodies are formed on the formed wear-resistant layer. The content of copper powder in the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite, the content of tin powder, the content of the expandable graphite and the mesh number of the expandable graphite are controlled and matched, and the graphite filling bodies account for 45-55% of the total area of the wear-resistant layer by controlling the sintering temperature and the pressure of a pressure plate, and the graphite filling bodies with cross-section metallographic surface areas larger than 3000 square microns are arranged in the graphite filling bodies. When the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate is used, besides the good self-lubricating effect of the graphite, more lubricating oil can be impregnated and stored due to the existence of the graphite filling body with the large cross-section metallographic surface area, so that the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate has higher oil content, better self-lubricating performance and lower friction factor. Meanwhile, during sintering, due to pressurization of the pressurizing plate, the overall strength of the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate is ensured while the graphite filling body is formed, namely the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate has higher mechanical strength. By combining the advantages, the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate can be used in more severe service environments, such as working conditions with higher linear speed or higher load.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements that are within the spirit of the present invention are intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate comprises the following steps:
s1: providing a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite, wherein the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite consists of copper powder, tin powder and expandable graphite, the content of the copper powder in the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite is 83.5-89.5%, the content of the tin powder in the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite is 10-15%, the content of the expandable graphite is 0.5-1.5%, and the mesh number of the expandable graphite is 600-800 meshes;
s2, providing a substrate;
s3, uniformly stirring the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite, and then paving the mixture on the surface of the substrate;
s4, providing a pressure plate;
s5: covering the pressurizing plate on a substrate paved with the mixture of the copper-tin alloy powder and the expandable graphite;
s6: the method comprises the steps of putting a pressurizing plate, a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite and a substrate which are combined together into a high-temperature sintering furnace, rapidly heating the pressurizing plate, the mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite and the substrate, keeping the temperature when the temperature of the substrate reaches 300-350 ℃ and the temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace rises to 900-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-2.8 ℃/min, loading a load of 0.1-0.3MPa on the pressurizing plate during sintering to form a wear-resistant layer, forming a plurality of graphite fillers in the wear-resistant layer, forming the graphite fillers on any section at intervals and occupying 45-55% of the total area of the wear-resistant layer, wherein the graphite fillers have a metallographic graphite filler with a section surface area larger than 3000 square microns.
2. The method of making a worm-graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: after the step S6, a step S7 is further included, and in the step S7, lubricant is impregnated into the wear-resistant layer by vacuum impregnation.
3. The method of making a worm-type graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: and when the sintering temperature reaches 900-1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is at least 1 hour, and then the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
4. The method of making a worm-type graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: the substrate is a steel plate, a copper plate or a stainless steel plate.
5. The method of making a worm-graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate also comprises lubricating oil which is soaked in the wear-resisting layer.
6. The method of making a worm-graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: the content of the copper powder is 86%.
7. The method of making a worm-graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: the content of the tin powder is 13%.
8. The method of making a worm-type graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: the content of the expandable graphite is 1.0%.
9. The method of making a worm-graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of the graphite packing bodies have vermicular graphite packing bodies therein.
10. The method of making a worm-graphite packing structure wear plate of claim 1, wherein: the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate prepared by the preparation method of the worm-type graphite filling structure wear-resisting plate comprises a base plate, a wear-resisting layer sintered on the base plate and a plurality of graphite filling bodies formed in the wear-resisting layer, wherein the wear-resisting layer is made of a mixture of copper-tin alloy powder and expandable graphite.
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