CN111567794A - Swallowing protective agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Swallowing protective agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111567794A CN111567794A CN202010419945.2A CN202010419945A CN111567794A CN 111567794 A CN111567794 A CN 111567794A CN 202010419945 A CN202010419945 A CN 202010419945A CN 111567794 A CN111567794 A CN 111567794A
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- Prior art keywords
- powder
- swallowing
- oligosaccharide
- protective agent
- dietary fiber
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- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/01—Instant products; Powders; Flakes; Granules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L31/00—Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
- A23L33/22—Comminuted fibrous parts of plants, e.g. bagasse or pulp
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
- A23L33/25—Synthetic polymers, e.g. vinylic or acrylic polymers
- A23L33/26—Polyol polyesters, e.g. sucrose polyesters; Synthetic sugar polymers, e.g. polydextrose
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
- A23P10/20—Agglomerating; Granulating; Tabletting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a swallowing protective agent and a preparation method thereof. The invention comprises the following raw materials: 25-90% of sticky glutinous food micro powder, 3-50% of soluble dietary fiber powder and 1-30% of auxiliary materials; the glutinous rice food micropowder is Amylum Nelumbinis Rhizomatis powder, okra powder, rhizoma Dioscoreae powder, Tremella powder, and Gracilaria powder; the soluble dietary fiber powder is inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, and xylo-oligosaccharide; the adjuvants are sorbitol, erythritol, arabinose, xylitol, acerola powder or its extract, fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii powder or fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii sweet glycoside; the invention also provides a preparation method of the swallowing protective agent. The invention has the fragrance of natural food, comprehensive nutrition and good taste, does not contain colloid food additives, eliminates doubtful worry and conflict psychology of consumers, does not contain starch, dextrin and the like, and avoids the phenomenon that blood sugar is rapidly increased after the food is eaten; the product can be added into various cold and hot drinks and foods, has simple application method, and is suitable for dysphagia patients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of swallowing protection food, and particularly relates to a swallowing protection agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Dysphagia refers to the difficulty in swallowing and transporting solid or liquid food, saliva, medicines, etc. from the mouth to the stomach, and patients may experience obstructive stagnation sensation in the pharynx, sternum or esophagus. Dysphagia can occur in people of all ages, often in the elderly, especially in patients with neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. 60-80% of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and more than 30% of patients with stroke suffer from dysphagia. Studies have also shown that swallowing dysfunction is suffered in 22% of people over the age of 50, 10-30% over the age of 65, and 40% over the age of 70. It is a conservative estimate that at least 8% of the world's population have difficulty swallowing while eating daily liquids and foods. Dysphagia easily causes anorexia, malnutrition, dehydration and electrolyte dysfunction of patients, and the dysphagia causes the patients to easily suck food into the trachea when swallowing the food, and severe patients can generate aspiration pneumonia, and finally die. With the progress of aging of the population and the rapid growth of the aging population, dysphagia is becoming a more and more serious social problem, and the quality of life and the health of people are seriously affected.
At present, most products suitable for swallowing protection in the market are prepared by compounding food additives such as animal or plant hydrocolloids and dextrin products, consumers have conflict psychology on food additives such as pectin, guar gum, carrageenan and the like in product labels and are not willing to take the products, and the products are poor in taste and lack of nutrition. For example: chinese patent CN110731457A discloses a production method of a thickening powder for assisting dysphagia people to eat, and provides that the thickening powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 26-45 parts of rice, 12-20 parts of corn, 2-3 parts of xanthan gum, 5-6 parts of Arabic gum, 3-5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 55-62 parts of maltodextrin, wherein the thickening powder has the problems of poor mouthfeel and lack of nutritional ingredients due to unreasonable matching of raw materials, and in addition, the xanthan gum and the Arabic gum belong to food additives, so that the conflicting psychology of consumers is easily caused; in addition, in the thickening powder, due to the use of maltodextrin, the maltodextrin is easily and rapidly absorbed, so that the blood sugar is rapidly increased, and the thickening powder is not suitable for middle-aged and old people with high blood sugar.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a swallowing protective agent and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that thickening powder in the prior art is poor in taste, deficient in nutrient components, unacceptable to consumers and prone to causing blood sugar rise of consumers.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the swallowing protective agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25-90% of sticky glutinous food micro powder, 3-50% of soluble dietary fiber powder and 1-30% of auxiliary materials; the sticky glutinous food micro powder is any one or more of lotus root starch, okra powder, yam powder, tremella powder and gracilaria powder; the soluble dietary fiber powder is any one or more of inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide; the auxiliary materials are any one or more of sorbitol, erythritol, arabinose, xylitol, acerola powder or extracts thereof, momordica grosvenori powder or momordica grosvenori sweet glycosides.
The swallowing protective agent of the invention uses sticky glutinous food micro powder such as lotus root starch, okra powder, yam powder, tremella powder, gracilaria powder and the like to replace starch, dextrin and hydrocolloid, and is added with soluble dietary fibers such as inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and the like, and the swallowing protective agent with the fragrance, comprehensive nutrition and good taste of natural food is obtained under the coordination effect of auxiliary materials such as sorbitol, erythritol, arabinose, xylitol, acerola powder or extract thereof, momordica grosvenori powder or momordica glycosides and the like; the swallowing protective agent has no colloid food additive, eliminates doubtful and conflicting psychology of consumers, does not contain starch, dextrin and the like, avoids the phenomenon that the substances are rapidly absorbed to cause the blood sugar to be rapidly increased, accords with the healthy consumption trend, and is suitable for all groups; the swallowing protective agent can be added into various cold and hot drinks or foods such as water, fruit juice, milk, soup, tea and the like, can be brewed at low temperature or high temperature, has good brewing performance and swallowing protection capability in a larger temperature range, is simple in use method and high in dissolving speed, is suitable for dysphagia patients to eat, can reduce the risk of eating and drinking by the patients, and has a good swallowing protection effect.
As a preferred embodiment, the feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 80-85% of sticky glutinous food micro powder, 10-15% of soluble dietary fiber powder and 5-10% of auxiliary materials. The swallowing protective agent disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the thickening component is a natural substance, the soluble dietary fiber powder is matched, the auxiliary materials are added, the raw materials are mutually promoted and supplement each other, the collocation is scientific and reasonable, the taste is good, the nutrition is comprehensive, and the swallowing protective agent is a swallowing protective product which gives consideration to swallowing protection, is comprehensive in nutrition and good in taste and accords with the consumption psychology.
The lotus root is a food with homology of medicine and food, integrates nutrition and medicine, and the lotus root powder prepared from the lotus root not only retains the nutrition and the medicinal value of the lotus root, but also changes the coolness of the raw lotus root into warm, so that the lotus root powder is more suitable for the old; the lotus root starch also contains various mineral substances such as calcium, iron, phosphorus and the like and vitamins, and has the effects of being easy to digest, promoting the production of body fluid, clearing heat, strengthening spleen, tonifying qi, nourishing blood and stopping bleeding; in addition, the lotus root starch is also a food which can help sleep.
The binding rate of dietary fiber and bile of the okra is higher than that of other vegetables (such as asparagus, green beans, carrots and cauliflowers), so that the absorption of cholesterol in diet is reduced; the okra mucus is rich in soluble dietary fibers, can prevent the digestion of intestinal carbohydrate, further reduces the absorption of glucose and can reduce the blood sugar after meals; the folium Abelmoschi Manihot extract has effects in scavenging oxygen free radicals, relieving tubulointerstitial diseases, reducing albuminuria, and improving renal function.
The yam is dry and flat in taste, and the yam product is good for being solid, smooth and uniform in texture, white in color and sufficient in powder; is suitable for all the people with weak body, weakness after illness and deficiency of spleen and stomach qi, and is suitable for people with long-term diarrhea, inappetence, listlessness, and female leukorrhagia due to spleen deficiency; rhizoma Dioscoreae is suitable for patients with consumptive disease, cough and asthma, spermatorrhea, night sweat, frequent nocturia due to deficiency of lung and kidney, and is suitable for diabetic patients with thirst, polyuria, hunger and hunger; it is suitable for chronic nephritis and infantile enuresis.
Tremella fuciformis has effects of nourishing yin, moistening lung, and protecting liver; the tremella polysaccharide is rich in natural tremella polysaccharide, and has the effects of moistening skin and removing chloasma and freckles on the face after long-term use due to the function of nourishing yin.
The gracilaria contains a large amount of natural polysaccharide which is a natural health-care component, the seaweed polysaccharide can improve the activity of immune cells in a human body and promote the proliferation of the immune cells, the immunity function of the human body can be obviously improved after people eat the gracilaria at ordinary times, the harm of viruses to the cells of the human body can be effectively reduced, and various effects of resisting viruses, resisting cancers, resisting radiation and the like can be realized. The gracilaria contains rich dietary fibers, can promote the gastrointestinal peristalsis of human beings and improve the digestion capability of the human bodies, can shorten the defecation time of the human bodies, reduces the accumulation of garbage in the human bodies, can relax the bowels, and can prevent constipation and obesity.
As a preferable embodiment, the sticky glutinous food micro powder is a mixture consisting of lotus root starch, okra powder and gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:2-3: 1-2. The composite sticky glutinous food micro powder is comprehensive in nutrition, high in nutritional value, capable of delaying the starting time of an airway protection mechanism and preventing or reducing the occurrence of aspiration in the swallowing process, and suitable for patients with swallowing disorder or (and) aspiration risks.
As a preferable embodiment, the sticky glutinous food micro powder is a mixture consisting of lotus root starch, okra powder, tremella powder and gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:2-3:1-2: 1-2. The glutinous rice food micro powder can also preferably use a mixture consisting of lotus root starch, okra powder, tremella powder and gracilaria powder, and the okra powder and the tremella powder are added on the basis of the lotus root starch and the gracilaria powder to protect the liver, reduce the absorption of cholesterol and reduce the blood sugar after meals.
As a preferred embodiment, the soluble dietary fiber powder is a mixture of inulin, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2-3:1-2: 1-2. The invention adopts soluble dietary fiber which can be dissolved in water and can absorb water to swell and can be glycolyzed by microorganisms in large intestine; the soluble dietary fiber is a special nutrient, the essence of the soluble dietary fiber is polysaccharide substances in carbohydrates which cannot be decomposed by digestive enzymes of a human body, the dietary fiber is a non-nutrient component in food, and the soluble dietary fiber can stimulate intestinal tract movement and is beneficial to the health of the human body. The soluble dietary fiber of the invention preferably adopts a mixture consisting of inulin, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide, wherein the inulin is a relatively comprehensive basic prebiotics and acts on the whole colon; the fructo-oligosaccharide is preferentially fermented by bifidobacterium, effectively promotes the proliferation of the bifidobacterium and acts on the anterior segment (ascending colon) of the colon; the xylo-oligosaccharide promotes the proliferation activity of intestinal bifidobacteria, and improves the performance of the soluble dietary fiber under the comprehensive action of inulin, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide, so that the effect is better.
As a preferred embodiment, the soluble dietary fiber powder is a mixture of inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2-3:1-2:2-3:1-2: 1-2. The soluble dietary fiber can also preferably use a mixture consisting of inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide, the isomaltooligosaccharide and the galacto-oligosaccharide are added on the basis of the inulin, the fructo-oligosaccharide and the xylo-oligosaccharide, the isomaltooligosaccharide can reduce the cholesterol level in blood, prevent and treat hypertension, improve the digestibility of dairy products, improve the tolerance of people to lactose, cannot cause the increase of blood sugar after eating, and is suitable for diabetics to eat; the galacto-oligosaccharide can inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria in human intestines, has a protective effect on intestinal mucosa cells and liver, and enhances the immunity of organisms; the composite soluble dietary fiber powder has better effect, and is particularly suitable for middle-aged and elderly people with high blood sugar.
As a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary material is a mixture of erythritol, acerola powder and momordica grosvenori powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:1-2: 1-2. The erythritol is a filling type sweetening agent with zero calorie and good taste, has zero calorie, can not promote the formation of decayed teeth, has high digestion tolerance, and can not cause a sugar rise reaction, so the erythritol is suitable for diabetics; the acerola powder is a natural substance extracted from acerola, has the effects of enriching blood, preventing measles, sterilizing and diminishing inflammation, preventing infection and relieving muscle pain, and is a health-care food with super-strong health-care effect; the momordica grosvenori powder is a health food which is obtained by drying and grinding momordica grosvenori serving as a traditional Chinese medicine as a main raw material, has the effects of clearing heat and moistening dryness, nourishing yin and moistening throat, relaxing bowel and preventing hyperglycemia, and can supplement rich nutrition for human bodies. The compound auxiliary material adopted by the invention not only improves the taste of the swallowing protective agent, but also enriches the nutrient components of the swallowing protective agent, has multiple effects and is beneficial to the recovery of the swallowing function of patients.
As a preferred embodiment, the average particle size of the swallowing protectant is 800-1200 μm. The swallowing protective agent has moderate particle size, convenient use and high solvent speed, and only 5-10g of powder needs to be slowly added into the liquid beverage while stirring for about 1 minute.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a protective agent for swallowing, comprising the steps of: 1) mixing glutinous rice micro powder and soluble dietary fiber powder, and dissolving in water to obtain a stock; 2) taking auxiliary materials, adding the auxiliary materials into the standby materials obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing to obtain a large material; 3) heating the large material obtained in the step 2) to 15-20 ℃ to ensure that the viscosity of the large material is 1500-3000 cP; 4) granulating the large material obtained in the step 3) to obtain the swallowing protective agent.
The preparation method of the swallowing protective agent is that sticky waxy food micro powder and soluble dietary fiber powder are mixed firstly, then auxiliary materials are added, and the swallowing protective agent is obtained through heating and granulation.
As a preferred embodiment, in the step 4), the granulation is fluidized bed granulation, and when the fluidized bed granulation is performed: the atomization pressure is 0.03-0.05MPa, the pump speed of the peristaltic pump is 7-8r/min, the air inlet temperature is 70-85 ℃, and the granulation time is 40-50 min. The invention preferably adopts a fluidized bed granulation method, and the granulation method has the advantages of convenient operation, easy control, uniform and consistent obtained particles and good effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the swallowing protective agent of the invention uses sticky glutinous food micro powder such as lotus root starch, okra powder, yam powder, tremella powder, gracilaria powder and the like to replace starch, dextrin and hydrocolloid, and is added with soluble dietary fibers such as inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and the like, and the swallowing protective agent with the fragrance, comprehensive nutrition and good taste of natural food is obtained under the coordination effect of auxiliary materials such as sorbitol, erythritol, arabinose, xylitol, acerola powder or extract thereof, momordica grosvenori powder or momordica glycosides and the like; the swallowing protective agent has no colloid food additive, eliminates doubtful and conflicting psychology of consumers, does not contain starch, dextrin and the like, avoids the phenomenon that the substances are rapidly absorbed to cause the blood sugar to be rapidly increased, accords with the healthy consumption trend, and is suitable for all groups; the swallowing protective agent can be added into various cold and hot drinks or foods such as water, fruit juice, milk, soup, tea and the like, can be brewed at low temperature or high temperature, has good brewing performance and swallowing protection capability in a larger temperature range, is simple in use method and high in dissolving speed, is suitable for dysphagia patients to eat, can reduce the risk of eating and drinking by the patients, and is beneficial to the recovery of swallowing function of the patients; the preparation method of the swallowing protective agent is simple, convenient to operate, low in temperature, low in energy consumption and easy to realize industrialization.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The swallowing protective agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25-90% of sticky glutinous food micro powder, 3-50% of soluble dietary fiber powder and 1-30% of auxiliary materials; the sticky glutinous food micro powder is any one or more of lotus root starch, okra powder, yam powder, tremella powder and gracilaria powder; the soluble dietary fiber powder is any one or more of inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide; the auxiliary materials are any one or more of sorbitol, erythritol, arabinose, xylitol, acerola powder or extracts thereof, momordica grosvenori powder or momordica grosvenori sweet glycosides.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 80-85% of sticky glutinous food micro powder, 10-15% of soluble dietary fiber powder and 5-10% of auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the sticky glutinous food micro powder is a mixture of lotus root starch, okra powder and gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:2-3: 1-2.
Further, the sticky glutinous food micro powder is a mixture consisting of lotus root starch, okra powder, tremella powder and gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:2-3:1-2: 1-2.
Preferably, the soluble dietary fiber powder is a mixture of inulin, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2-3:1-2: 1-2.
Further, the soluble dietary fiber powder is a mixture of inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2-3:1-2:2-3:1-2: 1-2.
Preferably, the auxiliary material is a mixture of erythritol, acerola powder and momordica grosvenori powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:1-2: 1-2.
Preferably, the average particle size of the swallowing protectant is 800-1200 μm.
The preparation method of the swallowing protective agent comprises the following steps:
1) mixing glutinous rice micro powder and soluble dietary fiber powder, and dissolving in water to obtain a stock;
2) taking auxiliary materials, adding the auxiliary materials into the standby materials obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing to obtain a large material;
3) heating the large material obtained in the step 2) to 15-20 ℃ to ensure that the viscosity of the large material is 1500-3000 cP;
4) granulating the large material obtained in the step 3) to obtain the swallowing protective agent.
Preferably, in the step 4), the granulation is fluidized bed granulation, and when the fluidized bed granulation is performed: the atomization pressure is 0.03-0.05MPa, the pump speed of the peristaltic pump is 7-8r/min, the air inlet temperature is 70-85 ℃, and the granulation time is 40-50 min.
Example one
The preparation method of the swallowing protective agent comprises the following steps:
1) mixing lotus root starch, okra powder and gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1 to form composite sticky glutinous food micro powder; taking 80 parts of composite sticky glutinous food micro powder, 15 parts of soluble dietary fiber powder-isomaltose hypgather and 5 parts of auxiliary material-sorbitol for later use;
2) uniformly mixing the composite sticky glutinous food micro powder and the soluble dietary fiber powder, and dissolving the mixture in 100 parts of water to prepare a standby material;
3) adding auxiliary materials into the standby materials, and uniformly mixing to obtain a main material;
4) heating the large material to 18 ℃ to ensure that the viscosity of the large material is 2300 cP;
5) and (4) granulating the large materials to obtain the swallowing protective agent.
Example two
The preparation method of the swallowing protective agent comprises the following steps:
1) mixing lotus root starch, okra powder, tremella powder and gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 2:3:2:2 to form composite sticky glutinous food micro powder, and taking 90 parts of the composite sticky glutinous food micro powder; mixing inulin, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide according to a preparation ratio of 3:2:2 to form composite soluble dietary fiber powder, and taking 9 parts of the composite soluble dietary fiber powder; mixing erythritol, acerola powder and momordica grosvenori powder according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1 to form a composite auxiliary material, and taking 1 part of the composite auxiliary material;
2) uniformly mixing the composite sticky glutinous food micro powder and the composite soluble dietary fiber powder, and dissolving the mixture in water to prepare a standby material;
3) adding the composite auxiliary materials into the standby materials, and uniformly mixing to obtain a large material;
4) heating the large material to 15 ℃ to make the viscosity of the large material 1500 cP;
5) granulating the above materials in fluidized bed at atomizing pressure of 0.03MPa, peristaltic pump speed of 8r/min, air inlet temperature of 85 deg.C, and granulating time of 40min to obtain swallow protectant.
EXAMPLE III
The preparation method of the swallowing protective agent comprises the following steps:
1) mixing okra powder and tremella powder according to the mass ratio of 2:1 to form composite sticky glutinous food micro powder, and taking 67 parts of the composite sticky glutinous food micro powder; mixing inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide according to the mass ratio of 3:1:2:1:2 to form composite soluble dietary fiber powder, and taking 3 parts of the composite soluble dietary fiber powder; mixing erythritol, acerola powder and momordica grosvenori powder according to the mass ratio of 2:1:2 to form a composite auxiliary material, and taking 30 parts of the composite auxiliary material;
2) uniformly mixing the composite sticky glutinous food micro powder and the soluble dietary fiber powder, and dissolving the mixture in water to prepare a standby material;
3) adding auxiliary materials into the standby materials, and uniformly mixing to obtain a main material;
4) heating the large material to 20 ℃ to ensure that the viscosity of the large material is 3000 cP;
5) granulating the above materials in fluidized bed at atomizing pressure of 0.05MPa, peristaltic pump speed of 7r/min, air inlet temperature of 70 deg.C, and granulating time of 50min to obtain swallow protectant.
Example four
The preparation method of the swallowing protective agent comprises the following steps:
1) taking 25 parts of gracilaria powder serving as sticky glutinous food micro powder; mixing inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide according to the mass ratio of 3:1:2:1:2 to form composite soluble dietary fiber powder, and taking 50 parts of the composite soluble dietary fiber powder; mixing erythritol, acerola powder and momordica grosvenori powder according to the mass ratio of 2:1:2 to form a composite auxiliary material, and taking 25 parts of the composite auxiliary material;
2) uniformly mixing the sticky glutinous food micro powder and the soluble dietary fiber powder, and dissolving the mixture in water to prepare a standby material;
3) adding auxiliary materials into the standby materials, and uniformly mixing to obtain a main material;
4) heating the large material to 18 ℃ to ensure that the viscosity of the large material is 2300 cP;
5) granulating the above materials in fluidized bed at atomizing pressure of 0.04MPa, peristaltic pump speed of 7.5r/min, air inlet temperature of 80 deg.C, and granulating time of 45min to obtain swallow protectant.
EXAMPLE five
The preparation method of the swallowing protective agent comprises the following steps:
1) mixing the lotus root starch, the okra powder, the tremella powder and the gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 1:3:2:1 to form composite sticky glutinous food micro powder; taking 85 parts of composite sticky glutinous food micro powder, 12 parts of soluble dietary fiber powder-fructo-oligosaccharide and 3 parts of xylitol as an auxiliary material for later use;
2) uniformly mixing the composite sticky glutinous food micro powder and the soluble dietary fiber powder, and dissolving the mixture in water to prepare a standby material;
3) adding auxiliary materials into the standby materials, and uniformly mixing to obtain a main material;
4) heating the large material to 15 ℃ to make the viscosity of the large material 1500 cP;
5) granulating the above materials in fluidized bed at atomizing pressure of 0.04MPa, peristaltic pump speed of 7.5r/min, air inlet temperature of 80 deg.C, and granulating time of 45min to obtain swallow protectant.
The swallowing protective agent obtained in the first to fifth examples of the present invention and a commercially available thickening powder (control) for eating by persons with swallowing disorder were added to 200mL of water, respectively, and dissolved to obtain a uniform solution, and the components thereof were measured, and the experimental results are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the viscosity of the swallowing protective agent obtained by the method of the invention is between 1835 and 2500cp, which is equivalent to the viscosity (2150cp) of a certain commercially available thickening powder for dysphagic people to eat, namely the viscosity of a control. As can be seen from Table 1, the energy of the swallowing protective agent obtained by the method of the invention is 77-144KJ/100g, which is lower than the energy requirement (170 KJ/100g) of the national standard for low-energy food, and is obviously lower than the energy (1270KJ/100g) of a certain commercially available thickening powder for dysphagia people to eat, so that the energy value of the swallowing protective agent obtained by the method of the invention is obviously reduced, and the swallowing protective agent is a low-energy swallowing protective agent. As can be seen from Table 1, the carbohydrate content of the swallowing protectant obtained by the method of the invention is 1-4g/100g, which is significantly lower than the carbohydrate content (60g/100g) of a certain commercially available thickening powder for eating by persons with swallowing disorders, i.e. a control sample, so that the carbohydrate content of the swallowing protectant obtained by the method of the invention is low; the swallowing protective agent of the invention can not cause the blood sugar to rise after being absorbed by human body, and the diabetes patient can eat the swallowing protective agent with ease. As can be seen from Table 1, the content of dietary fiber in the swallowing protective agent obtained by the method is 7-36g/100g, which is greater than the requirement of national standard on the content of dietary fiber (more than or equal to 3g/100g), and the content of dietary fiber can be adjusted according to the specific requirement, namely, the swallowing protective agent is a swallowing protective agent containing dietary fiber and low-energy and low-carbohydrate;
TABLE 1 analysis of the composition of different swallowing protective agents
Slowly adding the swallowing protective agent obtained in the first to fifth embodiments of the invention and a certain commercially available thickening powder for eating by dysphagia persons into hot porridge while stirring, wherein the weight of the swallowing protective agent is 8g, and the volume of the hot porridge is 200 mL; the viscosity was measured after stirring for 2min and evaluated in the same amount and using the same method in 10 volunteers with dysphagia, the results of which are shown in Table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, the swallowing protective agent obtained by the method of the invention is respectively added into hot porridge with a certain commercially available thickening powder for dysphagia people to eat, namely a control sample, when the viscosity achieved by the swallowing protective agent is basically the same, the swallowing protective agent obtained by the method of the invention has high dissolution speed in the hot porridge, no agglomeration phenomenon occurs, and the obtained solution is uniform; in addition, the swallowing protective agent does not influence the natural color of the porridge, so that the porridge has pure color and good appearance. However, when the control sample is added to hot porridge, the dissolution speed is slow, lumps exist, the lumps are difficult to dissolve, and the obtained solution is not uniform; after the control sample is added into porridge, the color of the porridge is changed and is slightly white. In addition, after the swallowing protective agent is added into porridge, the smell is fragrant and sweet and is pleasant; when the porridge is eaten, the porridge has the original taste of porridge, no peculiar smell and good mouthfeel. However, after the control was added to the porridge, the porridge smell changed, slightly gummy; when the porridge is eaten, the porridge has slight water and glue taste on the basis of the original taste of the porridge, and the taste of the porridge is influenced.
TABLE 2 evaluation results of different swallowing protection agents added to hot porridge
Slowly adding the swallowing protective agent obtained in the first to fifth embodiments of the invention and a certain commercially available thickening powder for dysphagia people to eat into orange juice respectively, stirring while adding, wherein the weight of the swallowing protective agent is 8g, and the volume of the orange juice is 200 mL; the viscosity was measured after stirring for 2min and evaluated in the same amount and using the same method in 10 volunteers with dysphagia, the results of which are shown in Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, the swallowing protective agent obtained by the method of the invention is added into orange juice respectively with certain commercially available thickening powder for dysphagia people to eat, namely a control sample, when the viscosity achieved by the swallowing protective agent is basically the same, the swallowing protective agent obtained by the method of the invention has high dissolution speed in the orange juice, no agglomeration phenomenon occurs, and the obtained solution is uniform; in addition, the swallowing protective agent does not influence the natural color of the orange juice, so that the orange juice has pure color and good appearance. However, the control added to orange juice had a slow dissolution rate, had lumps, and the lumps were difficult to dissolve, and the resulting solution was not homogeneous; after the control was added to orange juice, the orange juice color changed, becoming lighter and slightly white. In addition, after the swallowing protective agent is added into orange juice, the smell is fragrant and pleasant; when the orange juice is eaten, the orange juice has the original taste of the orange juice, has no peculiar smell and has good mouthfeel. However, after the control was added to orange juice, the orange juice odor changed, with a slight gummy taste; when the orange juice is eaten, the orange juice has slight water-gel taste on the basis of the original taste of the orange juice, and the taste of the orange juice is influenced.
TABLE 3 evaluation results for different Swallowing protective Agents in orange juice
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the swallowing protective agent of the invention uses sticky glutinous rice food micro powder such as glutinous rice flour, lotus root starch, okra powder, yam powder, tremella powder, gracilaria powder and the like to replace starch, dextrin and hydrocolloid, and is added with soluble dietary fibers such as inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and the like, and the swallowing protective agent with the fragrance, comprehensive nutrition and good taste of natural food is obtained under the coordination of auxiliary materials such as sorbitol, erythritol, arabinose, xylitol, acerola powder or extract thereof, momordica grosvenori powder or momordica grosvenori glycoside and the like; the swallowing protective agent has no colloid food additive, eliminates doubtful and conflicting psychology of consumers, does not contain starch, dextrin and the like, avoids the phenomenon that the substances are rapidly absorbed to cause the blood sugar to be rapidly increased, accords with the healthy consumption trend, and is suitable for all groups; the swallowing protective agent can be added into various cold and hot drinks or foods such as water, fruit juice, milk, soup, tea and the like, can be brewed at low temperature or high temperature, has good brewing performance and swallowing protection capability in a larger temperature range, is simple in use method and high in dissolving speed, is suitable for dysphagia patients to eat, can reduce the risk of eating and drinking by the patients, and is beneficial to the recovery of swallowing function of the patients; the preparation method of the swallowing protective agent is simple, convenient to operate, low in temperature, low in energy consumption and easy to realize industrialization.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The swallowing protective agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
25-90% of sticky glutinous food micro powder, 3-50% of soluble dietary fiber powder and 1-30% of auxiliary materials;
the sticky glutinous food micro powder is any one or more of lotus root starch, okra powder, yam powder, tremella powder and gracilaria powder;
the soluble dietary fiber powder is any one or more of inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide;
the auxiliary materials are any one or more of sorbitol, erythritol, arabinose, xylitol, acerola powder or extracts thereof, momordica grosvenori powder or momordica grosvenori sweet glycosides.
2. A swallowing protector as claimed in claim 1 comprising the following raw materials in weight percent:
80-85% of sticky glutinous food micro powder, 10-15% of soluble dietary fiber powder and 5-10% of auxiliary materials.
3. A swallowing protector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the sticky glutinous food micro powder is a mixture consisting of lotus root starch, okra powder and gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:2-3: 1-2.
4. A swallowing protector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the sticky glutinous food micro powder is a mixture consisting of lotus root starch, okra powder, tremella powder and gracilaria powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:2-3:1-2: 1-2.
5. A swallowing protector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the soluble dietary fiber powder is a mixture consisting of inulin, fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1-2: 1-2.
6. A swallowing protector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the soluble dietary fiber powder is a mixture of inulin, isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1-2:2-3:1-2: 1-2.
7. A swallowing protector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the auxiliary material is a mixture of erythritol, acerola powder and momordica grosvenori powder according to the mass ratio of 1-2:1-2: 1-2.
8. A swallowing protector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the average particle size of the swallowing protective agent is 800-.
9. A process for the preparation of a swallowing protector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprising the steps of:
1) mixing glutinous rice micro powder and soluble dietary fiber powder, and dissolving in water to obtain a stock;
2) taking auxiliary materials, adding the auxiliary materials into the standby materials obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing to obtain a large material;
3) heating the large material obtained in the step 2) to 15-20 ℃ to ensure that the viscosity of the large material is 1500-3000 cP;
4) granulating the large material obtained in the step 3) to obtain the swallowing protective agent.
10. A process for the preparation of a swallowing protector as claimed in claim 9, wherein:
in the step 4), the granulation is fluidized bed granulation, and when the fluidized bed granulation is carried out: the atomization pressure is 0.03-0.05MPa, the pump speed of the peristaltic pump is 7-8r/min, the air inlet temperature is 70-85 ℃, and the granulation time is 40-50 min.
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