CN111567200B - Driving device of seed or fertilizer discharging device - Google Patents
Driving device of seed or fertilizer discharging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111567200B CN111567200B CN202010513266.1A CN202010513266A CN111567200B CN 111567200 B CN111567200 B CN 111567200B CN 202010513266 A CN202010513266 A CN 202010513266A CN 111567200 B CN111567200 B CN 111567200B
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- land wheel
- discharging device
- frame
- seed
- connecting seat
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C19/00—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
- A01C19/04—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a ground-engaging wheel
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device, which comprises a land wheel, a land wheel frame and a rack connecting seat, wherein a transmission relation is formed between the land wheel and a main shaft of the seed or fertilizer discharging device; the land wheel is arranged on the land wheel frame, the frame connecting seat is used for connecting a frame of the agricultural machine, and the land wheel frame is rotatably arranged relative to the frame connecting seat; a pressure mechanism is arranged between the frame connecting seat and the land wheel frame and is used for keeping the land wheel in contact with the ground. According to the driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device, the land wheel is arranged, the transmission relation between the land wheel and the main shaft of the discharging device is established, the relation between the moving distance of the agricultural machine and the number of rotation turns of the main shaft of the discharging device can be established, whether the material discharged by the discharging device is uniformly spread or not is not influenced by the running speed of the agricultural machine, the problem that the control is complex when the main shaft of the discharging device is driven and controlled independently is solved, the hardware and the control cost can be saved, the operation is reliable, and the failure rate is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device.
Background
Agricultural machinery is used for scattering agricultural materials such as seeds, chemical fertilizers in the soil, in order to realize the quantitative scattering of seeds or chemical fertilizers, agricultural machinery is provided with a discharging device, the discharging device runs for a period (such as a circle of main shaft rotation) and can discharge quantitative materials, in order to enable the agricultural materials discharged by the discharging device to be uniformly scattered in the soil, the operation speed of the main shaft of the discharging device needs to be matched with the moving speed of the agricultural machinery, in the prior art, the agricultural machinery is generally driven by a tractor to execute the scattering operation, the operation speed of the tractor is unstable, if the uniform scattering of the agricultural materials is to be realized, the requirement on the rotating speed of the main shaft of the discharging device is high, and the difficulty in controlling the rotating speed of the main shaft of the discharging device is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device, which can enable the main shaft of the discharging device to be linked with the moving speed of the agricultural machine, so that the agricultural machine can uniformly spread the agricultural materials without performing targeted complex control on the rotating speed of the main shaft of the discharging device.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device comprises a land wheel, a land wheel frame and a frame connecting seat, wherein a transmission relation is formed between the land wheel and a main shaft of the seed or fertilizer discharging device; the land wheel is arranged on the land wheel frame, the rack connecting seat is used for connecting a rack of agricultural machinery, and the land wheel frame is rotatably arranged relative to the rack connecting seat; and a pressure mechanism is arranged between the frame connecting seat and the land wheel frame and is used for keeping the land wheel in contact with the ground.
Further, the pressure mechanism comprises a first spring, and the first spring enables the land wheel to have a downward and downward movement trend through the land wheel frame.
Furthermore, the pressure mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is installed on the ground wheel frame, and the second rotating shaft is connected with the rack connecting seat;
the first rotating shaft is connected with an adjusting seat, and the second rotating shaft is provided with an adjusting screw rod in a sliding manner; the head of the adjusting screw is screwed into the adjusting seat, and the first spring is arranged between the adjusting seat and the second rotating shaft.
Further, the pressure mechanism is connected with the rack connecting seat through a transmission mechanism; the transmission mechanism is connected with a gear lever, and the gear lever can be switched back and forth between two positions relative to the rack connecting seat so as to switch the land wheel between a use state and a retraction state; in the use state, the land wheel is in contact with the ground; in the stowed position, the ground wheels are clear of the ground.
Furthermore, the transmission mechanism comprises a first rod part, a second rod part and a third rod part, the first rod part, the second rod part and the third rod part and the rack connecting seat form a four-bar structure, wherein the first rod part and the third rod part are both side link rods; the gear lever is fixed on the first lever part, and the third lever part is connected with the ground wheel frame.
Furthermore, the rack connecting seat is provided with a sliding groove for the gear rod to move in, and two ends of the sliding groove are respectively provided with a retaining groove for the gear rod to be embedded in.
Further, a second spring is arranged between the gear lever and the rack connecting seat.
Further, the ground wheel establishes a transmission relation with a main shaft of the discharging device through a flexible shaft.
Furthermore, a bevel gear set is arranged between the rotating shaft of the land wheel and the flexible shaft.
Further, a plurality of anti-skid blades are arranged on the periphery of the land wheel in a circumferential array.
Has the advantages that: according to the driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device, the land wheel is arranged, the transmission relation between the land wheel and the main shaft of the discharging device is established, the relation between the moving distance of the agricultural machine and the number of rotation turns of the main shaft of the discharging device can be established, whether the material discharged by the discharging device is uniformly spread or not is not influenced by the running speed of the agricultural machine, the problem that the control is complex when the main shaft of the discharging device is driven and controlled independently is solved, the hardware and the control cost can be saved, the operation is reliable, and the failure rate is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general configuration diagram of a driving apparatus of a seed or fertilizer discharging apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a combined structure of a land wheel and a switching mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the switching mechanism;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged structural view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged structural view of portion B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the switching mechanism in the preferred embodiment;
fig. 7 is a structural view of the softness detector.
In the figure: 1-a land wheel; 11-anti-slip blades; 12-inner race; 13-hollowing out the holes; 14-reinforcing ribs; 2-a switching mechanism; 21-a ground wheel frame; 22-a frame connection seat; 221-a sliding groove; 222-a retention slot; 23-gear lever; 24-a transmission mechanism; 241-a first stem portion; 242-a second stem portion; 243-third shaft portion; 25-a first shaft; 26-a second shaft; 27-an adjusting seat; 28-adjusting the screw; 29-a first spring; 210-a second spring; 211-screw motor; 3-a flexible shaft; 4-bevel gear set; 5-a chain; 6-softness detector; 61-device frame body; 62-a thrust plate; 63-elastic shock absorbers; 64-displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The driving device shown in the attached figure 1 is used for driving a discharging device of an agricultural machine, and the discharging device of the agricultural machine can continuously distribute agricultural materials such as seeds and fertilizers with stable flow, so that the materials can be uniformly distributed when the agricultural machine spreads the seeds or the fertilizers. The discharging frequency of the discharging device is influenced by the rotating speed of the main shaft, the faster the rotating speed of the main shaft is, the faster the discharging frequency of the discharging device is, and the more agricultural materials are discharged.
The driving structure of the discharging device comprises a land wheel 1, a transmission relationship is arranged between the land wheel 1 and a main shaft of the discharging device, when the agricultural machine runs, the land wheel 1 is always in contact with the ground, the interaction relationship between the ground and the land wheel 1 can enable the land wheel 1 to rotate spontaneously along with the movement of the agricultural machine in the ground, and the faster the agricultural machine moves, the faster the rotating speed of the land wheel 1 is, so that the proportional relationship between the rotating speed of the land wheel 1 and the moving speed of the agricultural machine can be established, and the transmission ratio of the land wheel 1 and the main shaft of the discharging device is determined, so that the rotating speed of the main shaft of the discharging device is directly related to the moving speed of the agricultural machine, and the large displacement of the agricultural machine is achieved, the number of turns of the rotation of the main shaft of the discharging device is determined, the land wheel 1 and the main shaft of the discharging device have good synchronism, and no matter how the regular, the materials spread by the material spreader are uniform all the time, and the difficulty in controlling the rotating speed of the main shaft of the discharging device is greatly reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the land wheel 1 includes an inner rim 12 with a hollow structure, and a plurality of anti-skid blades 11 are arranged on the outer circumference of the inner rim 12 in an array. Specifically, the anti-skid blades 11 are L-shaped, and have fixing portions welded to the inner ring 12 and anti-skid portions extending in the radial direction of the inner ring 12, the fixing portions of the anti-skid blades 11 are connected end to end and welded and fixed, and reinforcing ribs 14 are disposed between the fixing portions and the inner ring 12, so that the land wheel 1 is light in weight and stable and reliable in structure; when agricultural machine removed, the antiskid portion of each anti-skidding blade 11 embedded in turn makes land wheel 1 wholly roll in earth, and can not skid, has effectively guaranteed the relation between land wheel 1 pivoted angle displacement and agricultural machine's the displacement for the discharge device main shaft rotates accurately, and then guarantees the homogeneity that the material was scattered. The turning position of the anti-skid blades 11 is provided with the hollow holes 13, the arrangement of the hollow holes 13 can prevent soil from accumulating and caking at the turning position of the L-shaped anti-skid blades 11 to fill the gaps between the anti-skid parts of the two adjacent anti-skid blades 11, so that the anti-skid blades 11 lose the anti-skid effect, and after the hollow holes 13 are arranged, the soil can be timely discharged from the hollow holes 13.
Preferably, the ground wheel 1 establishes a transmission relationship with a main shaft of the discharging device through a flexible shaft 3. The input end of the flexible shaft 3 establishes a transmission relation with the rotating shaft of the land wheel 1 through the bevel gear set 4, and the output end of the flexible shaft 3 is connected with a main shaft of a discharging device (the discharging device is not shown in the figure). Because the transmission distance between the land wheel 1 and the main shaft of the discharging device is long, the transition structure between the land wheel 1 and the main shaft of the discharging device is complex, the relative position relation between the land wheel 1 and the main shaft of the discharging device is not definite, the transmission structure between the land wheel 1 and the main shaft of the discharging device can be greatly simplified by arranging the flexible shaft 3, and the cost is saved. In addition, the output end of the flexible shaft 3 can output power to a plurality of groups of discharging devices, for example, an agricultural machine is provided with the discharging devices for seed distribution and fertilizer distribution, and can simultaneously perform seed spreading and fertilizing operations, in this case, the flexible shaft 3 can be directly connected with the main shaft of one of the discharging devices, and the power can be synchronously supplied to the main shaft of one of the discharging devices through the chain 5 or the synchronous belt.
The land wheel 1 is connected with a frame (not shown in the figure) of the agricultural machine through a switching mechanism 2; the switching mechanism 2 can switch the land wheel 1 between a use state and a storage state; in the use state, the land wheel 1 is always contacted with the ground; in the stowed position, the ground wheels 1 are clear of the ground. Generally, when a sowing task is not performed (for example, a tractor pulls an agricultural machine to a field), the land wheel 1 is switched to a retracted state, so that the material loss is prevented.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the switching mechanism 2 includes a ground wheel frame 21, a frame connecting seat 22, a shift lever 23, and a transmission mechanism 24. The land wheel 1 is rotationally arranged on the land wheel frame 21; the frame connecting seat 22 is fixed on a frame of the agricultural machine, and the land wheel frame 21 is rotatably installed relative to the frame; the gear lever 23 is connected with the frame connecting seat 22 through a transmission mechanism 24, and can be switched back and forth between two positions relative to the frame connecting seat 22 so as to switch the land wheel 1 between a use state and a storage state.
The transmission mechanism 24 includes a first rod portion 241, a second rod portion 242, and a third rod portion 243, which form a four-bar linkage with the frame connecting seat 22, wherein the first rod portion 241 and the third rod portion 243 are both side links; the gear lever 23 is fixed on the first lever part 241, and the third lever part 243 is connected with the ground wheel frame 21; through the four-bar linkage structure, when the gear lever 23 is toggled back and forth, the land wheel frame 21 can be lifted up or put down, so that the land wheel 1 is switched; and when the land wheel 1 is in a use state, the first rod part 241 and the second rod part 242 are collinear, and the four-bar linkage structure is at a dead point, so that the design can effectively prevent the gear lever 23 from being separated from the current gear due to the mechanical impact between the land wheel 1 and the ground or other mechanical impacts are overlarge, so that the land wheel 1 cannot firmly grab the ground or is separated from the ground, and the discharging of the discharging device is uneven.
Preferably, in order to maintain the effective contact between the land wheel 1 and the ground at all times, a pressure structure is provided between the third rod part 243 and the land wheel frame 21, and the pressure structure can make the land wheel 1 always maintain the contact with the ground. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the pressure structure includes a first rotating shaft 25 and a second rotating shaft 26, which are rotatably mounted on the wheel frame 21 and the third rod portion 243, respectively; the first rotating shaft 25 is connected with an adjusting seat 27, and the second rotating shaft 26 is slidably provided with an adjusting screw 28; the head of the adjusting screw 28 is screwed into the adjusting seat 27, and a first spring 29 is disposed between the adjusting seat 27 and the second rotating shaft 26.
Through the structure, the first spring 29 can play a role in maintaining the contact between the land wheel 1 and the ground, and when the land wheel 1 is subjected to larger reaction force or mechanical impact, the first spring 29 also plays a role in buffering and absorbing shock, so that the land wheel 1 can be effectively protected from deformation. In addition, the elevation angle of the land wheel frame 21 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw 28, so that the anti-skid blades 11 of the land wheel 1 have different ground penetration depths, the land wheel 1 can adapt to different grounds, when the land wheel frame 21 is pressed down as much as possible when the land wheel is used in a paddy field, the ground penetration depth of the land wheel 1 is as deep as possible to ensure no skid, and when the land wheel frame 21 is used in a muddy field, the land wheel frame 21 can be properly lifted.
In the above embodiment, the adjustment of the depth of the anti-skid blade 11 into the ground by manually rotating the adjusting screw 28 is required to depend on the experience of the user, and in order to reduce the influence of the experience of the user on the ground gripping quality of the ground wheel 1, as shown in fig. 7, the adjusting screw 28 may be driven to rotate by the screw motor 211, and the automatic adjusting unit may be driven to operate by the screw motor 211, specifically, the automatic adjusting unit includes a controller, the controller is in control connection with the screw motor 211, the controller may control the rotation amount of the screw motor 211, and the controller may be further connected with the softness detector 6 for detecting the softness of the soil; the softness detector 6 is mounted on a tractor for towing agricultural machinery, and the softness detector 6 is mounted on the side of a wheel of the tractor; as shown in fig. 4, the looseness detecting device 6 includes a device frame body 61 and a thrust plate 62, the thrust plate 62 is always in contact with the ground, an elastic shock absorber 63 and a displacement sensor 64 are arranged between the device frame body 61 and the thrust plate 62, and the displacement sensor 64 is connected to a controller. By the softness detector 6, when tractors such as tractors move in the field, the tractor is heavy, the depth of the wheel track pressed out by the tractor can be detected as the measuring index of the soil softness, by adopting the structure, the softness detector 6 is arranged at the side edge of the wheel of the tractor, the thrust plate 62 can directly press the ground beside the wheel, the wheel track depth can be accurately measured, the thrust plate 62 can play a role of pressing the floating soil more firmly under the pressure action of the elastic shock absorber 63, the measured wheel track depth has more reference, as the tractor possibly deflects in the left and right direction, a group of softness detectors 6 can be respectively arranged beside the left and right wheels of the tractor, the controller averages the values of the two collected displacement sensors 64 to obtain the average wheel track depth, and the controller can obtain the soil softness according to the corresponding relation curve of the preset average wheel track depth and the soil softness, and the target rotation amount of the screw motor 211 can be obtained according to the preset corresponding relation curve of the soil softness and the rotation amount of the screw motor 211, and then the screw motor 211 is driven to operate according to the target rotation amount, so that the elevation angle of the land wheel frame 21 can be adjusted. Preferably, in the above-mentioned looseness detecting device 6, there are two sets of elastic dampers 63, the two sets of elastic dampers 63 are disposed on the front and rear sides of the thrust plate 62, and the displacement sensor 64 is disposed in the middle of the thrust plate 62.
In order to facilitate the gear lever 23 to be retained at the gear position, the frame connecting seat 22 is provided with a sliding groove 221 (shown in fig. 2) for the gear lever 23 to move therein, and two ends of the sliding groove 221 are respectively provided with a retaining groove 222 (shown in fig. 5) for the gear lever 23 to be inserted into. A second spring 210 is disposed between the shift lever 23 and the rack connecting seat 22, and the second spring 210 can provide a pulling force to maintain the shift lever 23 in the retaining groove 222 where the shift lever is located, so that the shift lever 23 cannot be accidentally disengaged. When the gear position needs to be switched, the user only needs to disengage the gear position lever 23 from the current retaining groove 222 and twist the gear position lever 23 to move along the sliding groove 221 to the other end of the sliding groove 221 and insert the gear position lever into the retaining groove 222 at the other end.
According to the driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device, the land wheel is arranged, the transmission relation between the land wheel and the main shaft of the discharging device is established, the relation between the moving distance of the agricultural machine and the number of rotation turns of the main shaft of the discharging device can be established, whether the material discharged by the discharging device is uniformly spread or not is not influenced by the running speed of the agricultural machine, the problem that the control is complex when the main shaft of the discharging device is driven and controlled independently is solved, the hardware and the control cost can be saved, the operation is reliable, and the failure rate is low.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device is characterized by comprising a land wheel (1), a land wheel frame (21) and a rack connecting seat (22), wherein a transmission relation is formed between the land wheel (1) and a main shaft of the seed or fertilizer discharging device; the land wheel (1) is arranged on the land wheel frame (21), the rack connecting seat (22) is used for connecting a rack of agricultural machinery, and the land wheel frame (21) is rotatably arranged relative to the rack connecting seat (22); a pressure mechanism is arranged between the frame connecting seat (22) and the land wheel frame (21), and the pressure mechanism is used for keeping the land wheel (1) in contact with the ground;
the pressure mechanism is connected with the rack connecting seat (22) through a transmission mechanism (24); a gear lever (23) is connected to the transmission mechanism (24), and the gear lever (23) can be switched back and forth between two positions relative to the rack connecting seat (22) so as to switch the land wheel (1) between a use state and a retracted state; in the using state, the land wheel (1) is contacted with the ground; in the retracted state, the land wheel (1) leaves the ground;
the transmission mechanism (24) comprises a first rod part (241), a second rod part (242) and a third rod part (243), the first rod part, the second rod part and the third rod part form a four-bar linkage structure with the rack connecting seat (22), wherein the first rod part (241) and the third rod part (243) are both side link rods; the gear lever (23) is fixed on the first lever part (241), and the third lever part (243) is connected with the ground wheel frame (21);
when the land wheel (1) is in a use state, the first rod part (241) and the second rod part (242) are collinear, and the four-bar linkage structure is in a dead point.
2. The drive of a seed or fertilizer discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure mechanism comprises a first spring (29), and the first spring (29) makes the land wheel (1) have a downward and downward movement tendency through the land wheel frame (21).
3. The driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pressure mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft (25) and a second rotating shaft (26), the first rotating shaft (25) is mounted on the ground wheel frame (21), and the second rotating shaft (26) is connected with the frame connecting base (22);
the first rotating shaft (25) is connected with an adjusting seat (27), and the second rotating shaft (26) is provided with an adjusting screw rod (28) in a sliding manner; the head of the adjusting screw rod (28) is screwed into the adjusting seat (27), and the first spring (29) is arranged between the adjusting seat (27) and the second rotating shaft (26).
4. The driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frame connecting seat (22) is provided with a sliding groove (221) for the movement of the shift lever (23) therein, and two ends of the sliding groove (221) are respectively provided with a retaining groove (222) for the insertion of the shift lever (23).
5. The driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a second spring (210) is arranged between the gear lever (23) and the frame connecting seat (22).
6. The drive of a seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ground wheel (1) establishes its driving relationship with the main shaft of the discharging device through a flexible shaft (3).
7. The driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that a bevel gear set (4) is arranged between the rotating shaft of the land wheel (1) and the flexible shaft (3).
8. A driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the peripheral circumferential array of the land wheel (1) is provided with a plurality of anti-slip blades (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010513266.1A CN111567200B (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Driving device of seed or fertilizer discharging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010513266.1A CN111567200B (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Driving device of seed or fertilizer discharging device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111567200A CN111567200A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
| CN111567200B true CN111567200B (en) | 2021-06-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010513266.1A Active CN111567200B (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Driving device of seed or fertilizer discharging device |
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| CN (1) | CN111567200B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113099746B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-09-16 | 湖南田牧之家农业装备有限公司 | Agricultural ploughing robot |
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| US4875421A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-10-24 | Deere & Company | Seeding implement with a combination transport-drive wheel |
| CN201061192Y (en) * | 2007-06-03 | 2008-05-21 | 孙中朝 | Multifunctional rotary seeder |
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| CN111567200A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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