JP2008029262A - Seeding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seeding apparatus designed to readily and accurately regulate the seeding depth according to seeding conditions or corresponding to field conditions. <P>SOLUTION: The seeding apparatus 6 is composed of a float 24 for carrying out land grading of the field surface by gliding operation, a furrower 98 in which a blade part 98b protruding from the float 24 into soil under the float is formed in the forward front side of a charging part 98a and a seed feeding mechanism 6a equipped with a releasing cylinder 60 facing to the position just after the furrower and feeding a prescribed amount of seeds. In the furrower 98, the blade tip of the blade part 98b is tilted in a rearwardly descending state and formed and further provided with a rotating supporting part 98c axially supporting the front end side of the blade part so that the protruding position can be regulated relatively to the float 24. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a seeding device that is attached to a tractor, a rice transplanter, or the like and directly seeds seeds in a field.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, the seeding device has a float that leveles a farm scene by a sliding operation, and a groover that forms a blade portion that projects into the soil below the float from the float on the front side of the input portion, It is comprised from the seed supply mechanism which provides the discharge | release cylinder which faces a position immediately after that, and supplies a predetermined amount of seeds.

This seeding device is attached to a tractor, rice transplanter, etc., and the field is towed so that the field scene is leveled by the floating float and floated by the grooving device that forms a blade protruding into the soil below it. A ditch is formed in the lower leveling field scene, and a seed supply mechanism with a discharge cylinder facing the position immediately after that provides a predetermined amount of seed to discharge the seed into the ditch and directly seed seeds such as seed pods in the field. can do.
JP 2005-130800 A

  However, when sowing seed potatoes, seeding is carried out relatively deeply in a warm area to prevent the rice plant from falling down, while in a cold area, seeding is carried out relatively shallowly to ensure the germination of rice. When adjusting the sowing depth according to such seeding conditions or according to the field conditions, it is necessary to remove the bolt-fixed groover from the float and to perform a complicated operation to adjust the protrusion depth. Even if the grooving device protrudes greatly downward to form a deep groove, the entire float floats due to the reaction force applied to the blade during grooving, and the intended groove depth cannot be secured, resulting in a handling bottleneck. It was.

  The objective of this invention is providing the sowing apparatus which can adjust a sowing depth easily and accurately according to sowing conditions or according to field conditions.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a float for leveling a farm scene by a sliding operation, a groover formed on the front side of the input portion with a blade protruding from the float into the soil below the float, and a position immediately thereafter In the seeding device comprising a seed supply mechanism that includes a discharge cylinder that faces and supplies a predetermined amount of seeds, the groove grooving device is formed with the blade tip of the blade portion inclined downward and projecting from the float. A rotation support portion that pivotally supports the front end side so as to be adjustable in position is provided.

  The field scene is leveled by the above-mentioned gliding action of the float, and a groove is formed in the leveling field scene below the float by a grooving device provided with a blade projecting into the soil below it, and a discharge cylinder that faces the position immediately thereafter is provided. When a predetermined amount of seeds is supplied by the seed supply mechanism, the seeds are discharged into the groove. In this case, adjusting the protruding position by the rotation support part of the grooving device causes the groove depth to change with the inclination change of the blade edge. Is adjusted.

  When the protrusion position is adjusted by the rotation support part of the groover, the groove depth is adjusted with a change in the inclination of the blade edge. Therefore, the deeper the groove, the sharper the blade part becomes, and the upward force acts. As a result, the overall lifting due to the is suppressed, and a desired groove depth is secured along with the adjustment of the rotation support portion. Therefore, the seeding depth can be easily and accurately adjusted according to the sowing conditions and the field conditions.

Embodiments of the invention specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
The case where the present invention is applied to a rice transplanter will be described. The traveling vehicle body 2 has a front wheel 10 that can be steered by a steering handle 13 and a rear wheel 8, as shown in a side view of the vehicle body in FIG. The engine 1 mounted under the engine cover 15 under the driver's seat 14 is transmitted through the transmission device 30 so as to be capable of four-wheel drive. A fertilizer device 4 is mounted on the rear portion of the vehicle body 2, and a lift link 12 that is lifted and lowered by a lift cylinder 16 that is hydraulically expanded and contracted is provided on the rear portion of the traveling vehicle body 2. A seeding device 6 is attached to 17 through a rolling shaft 18. The transmission system including the working machine power is transmitted from the engine 1 to the axle 31 of the rear wheel 8, the axle 32 of the front wheel 10, the PTO shaft 3, and the like.

  As shown in the transmission system development diagram of FIG. 2, the schematic structure of the transmission mechanism is such that the input shaft 34 of the transmission case 30 is transmitted from the engine 1 by the belt 33, and the input shaft 34 has a speed change gear 35 having a transmission gear 35. The gear is transmitted to a differential shaft 40 having a rear wheel differential (differential gear) 39 through a shaft 36, counter shafts 37, 38 and the like. The rear wheel drive shaft 9 is transmitted from both right and left ends of the differential shaft 40 and is transmitted to the axle 31 via the gear in the axle housing 41. The front wheel differential 47 is further decelerated from the input side of the rear wheel differential 39 and further transmitted to the front wheel drive shaft 11 in the left and right axle housings 48 and transmitted to the axle 32.

  The counter shaft 37 transmits gears to the PTO shaft 3 through the counter shaft 42, the transmission shaft 45 having the transmission gears 43 and 44, the counter shaft 46, and the like. A gear case 49 is provided at an intermediate portion of the PTO shaft 3. Accordingly, the transmission is divided into the traveling transmission path and the working transmission path in the transmission case 30, and the working transmission is performed by the counter shaft 42, the transmission shaft 45, the counter shaft 46, the PTO shaft 3, and the like. The route is configured. A work transmission shaft (not shown) for transmitting the transmission from the work transmission path to the farm work device can be mounted on the rear end portion of the PTO shaft 3 located on the rear side of the gear case 49.

  The traveling speed of the vehicle body 2 can be appropriately changed by an operator by a throttle lever that changes the rotational speed of the engine 1 or a speed change lever that changes the transmission ratio in the transmission case 30 by operating the speed change gear 35. . The fertilizer application device 4 and the seeding device 6 are driven by an electric motor that is rotationally controlled.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, an enlarged side view of the sowing apparatus 6 includes a seeding mechanism 6 a that is a seed supply mechanism for sending seeds in units of sowing lines by a frame 19 connected to the rolling shaft 18. While being supported in parallel, it is configured to include a float 24 for leveling a farm scene, a grooving device 27 (to be described later) for forming a water channel between the strips, a grounding wheel 29, and the like. Further, the float 24 is provided with a grooving device 98 that protrudes from the lower surface side to the position to be sown so as to engrave a seed embedding groove, and corresponding to each of the grooving devices 98, a spot sowing is provided immediately after each. Receive seeds from mechanism 6a.

  The seed sowing mechanism 6a includes a hopper 20 that accommodates seeds, a feeding roll 21 that feeds a certain amount of seeds, a sowing cylinder 22 that guides the seeds to fall, a scraping wheel 23 that accelerates and feeds the seeds in the sowing cylinder 22, and the like. Then, the lower end of the discharge cylinder 60 connected to the sowing cylinder 22 is disposed so as to face the position immediately after each groover 98.

  The drive system of the seeding device 6 has a feeding shaft 51 for arranging the feeding rolls 21 of each strip and a scraping shaft 52 for arranging each scraping wheel 23, and these shafts 51, 52 are shafts 53 of the motor. The point seeding mechanism 6a, which is transmitted from the chain and is arranged in parallel for the number of strips, is driven integrally.

The feeding roll 21 forms a feeding hole 54 for feeding a predetermined number of seeds at every fixed rotation angle, and carries out the feeding and feeding of seeds by the rotation.
In detail, as shown in the enlarged vertical sectional view of the main part of FIG. 4, a jumping arm 62 is provided as a jumping device 61 at the bottom of the feeding hole 54 of the feeding roll 21 so as to be rotatable around the arm shaft 63. Within the movable range of the stopper 66, the spring 62 a is bulleted to the bottom side of the feeding hole 54. Further, a cam arm 64 is fitted and supported around the feeding shaft 51, and the rotation area of the jumping arm 62 is brought into contact with the cam roller 65 at the tip of the arm 64 so as to protrude from the bottom portion of the feeding hole 54 to the outer peripheral portion. Can be operated.

  The cam roller 65 is positioned below the feeding shaft 51 such that the seed jumping direction A from the feeding hole 54 is an acute angle B along the lower side of the guide wall 22a of the seeding tube 22. To do. Further, a scraper brush 72 is provided to scrape and smooth the rotating surface of the feeding roll 21.

  When the feeding roll 21 is rotated, the seed sowing mechanism 6a configured as described above is fitted into the feeding hole 54 at the position of the jumping arm 62 where the seed of the sowing hopper 20 is retracted by the spring 62a, and is rotated by the scraper brush 72. After being averaged, a predetermined number of seeds are fed out to the lower sowing cylinder 22 side. When the feeding hole 54 is located in the lower quadrant, the jumping arm 62 located at the bottom of the hole is acted on the cam roller 65 and pushed outward against the spring 62a, so that the seed in the feeding hole 54 is moved downward. Release A toward the guide wall surface 22a. Since the seed discharge direction A is directed to an acute angle B along the guide wall 22a of the sowing cylinder 22, the seed output is less likely to be decelerated, and the impact force is reduced and the seed is discharged toward the lower scraping wheel 23 side. The seeds of a predetermined number of grains can be fed out in a gathered state so as not to be scattered as much as possible.

  The scraping wheel 23 is provided at a position where the seed is received at the lower part of the seeding tube 22, and a sawtooth protrusion 73 is formed on the rotating peripheral surface, and several seeds are fitted between the protrusions 73. It can discharge | emit to the discharge cylinder 60 below by rotation. The scraping wheel 23 is rotated by a scraping shaft 52 and integrally constitutes the seeding tube 22 and the case 74 directed in the tangential direction with respect to the rotation of the protrusion 73.

  An electric motor, a stepping motor, a hydraulic motor, a pulse motor, or the like is used as a motor for driving the feeding shaft 51 and the scraping shaft 52. The motor is variable depending on the output from the controller by the detection of the rotation sensor 7 described later. Is driven and rotated. The rotation sensor 7 is configured to detect the number of rotations of an appropriate rotation part of the mission case 30 part. In the steady work mode, the output rotation of the motor is increased / decreased in proportion to the rotation speed detected by the rotation sensor 7 to make the spraying interval constant. Therefore, seeding is performed so that the distance between the front and rear seeding is kept constant. For this reason, since the location detected by the rotation sensor 7 is the vehicle speed detection, the spraying speed is changed and controlled in proportion to the vehicle speed regardless of the change in the vehicle speed, and the spraying interval is controlled to be kept constant. .

  The seeds fed by the feeding roll 21 are engaged between the protrusions 73 of the scraping wheel 23 and acceleratedly discharged to the discharge cylinder 60. At this time, seeds that are intermittently drawn are engaged and released between the few protrusions 73 without scattering. For this reason, a predetermined number of seeds that are guided through the discharge cylinder 60 and discharged onto the soil surface are sown in a spotted state. The scraping wheel 23 and the discharge cylinder 60 are arranged at the same left and right position as the sowing position so as not to be tilted to the left and right, so that the release and placement of seeds into the field are properly performed, and the appropriate sowing position. And sowing in the field at the sowing depth.

  Further, in order to measure the feeding amount of the spot seeding mechanism 6a, an outlet 28a with a switching valve is formed between the feeding roll 21 and the scraping wheel 23 as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. Switch between sowing and measuring. Conventionally, the seeds released into the farm scene were received with a plastic bag at the outlet of the discharge cylinder 60 and the amount of feed was measured, so that the wrinkles were damaged by the scraping wheel 23 and could not be reused. Since the take-out port 28a is provided immediately after the feeding roll 21, it is not damaged by the scraping wheel 23, so that the wrinkles after measurement can be reused.

  In addition, if the take-out port 28b with a net-like movable stopper is located immediately after the feeding roll 21, and as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. By providing it in the middle of the hose 22h to be transported, it is possible to switch between trial feeding and sowing with one touch, and trial feeding can be performed without using vinyl or the like.

  As shown in the shape of the protrusion in FIG. 6, the scraping wheel 23 can be dropped together by increasing the speed at which the scissors are dropped by forming the protrusion so as to improve the separation from the disk after the acceleration of the scissors. .

  As shown in the plan view of the main part of FIG. 7, the float 24 divides the range to cover the width of the line to be seeded (in the example, the width of 6 lines) and supports it in parallel by the hitch link 17, thereby adjusting the sliding operation. Form the ground. A plurality of floats 24 are provided so as to be movable up and down around the left and right axis. A float 24 at the center of the left and right of the plurality of floats 24 is a float angle sensor (not shown) that detects the vertical inclination of the float 24. ). The lift cylinder 16 is operated by controlling the lift valve (not shown) so that the detection value of the float angle sensor is maintained within a predetermined dead zone, and the seeding device 6 is predetermined even if the field is uneven. It is configured to maintain a height above ground level.

  The float 24 is provided with a grooving device 98 for grooving at the sowing position in the field by advancing the machine body and a covering plate 99 for covering the groove, and a grooving device 27 is disposed at the position between the streaks. The grooving device 98 and the covering soil plate 99 are arranged at the sowing line position, and seeds discharged from the discharge cylinder 60 are supplied to the grooves made by the grooving device 98 and then seeds sown by the covering soil plate 99 are formed. Cover with soil.

  The earth covering plate 99 is provided at a position on one side of the right and left sides of the groove, and pushes out soil from one side of the right and left sides of the groove by the advance of the machine body to cover the soil. The side end surface on the groove side of the earth covering plate 99 is a curved surface shape with the groove side convex, and the soil is pushed out to the groove side smoothly while escaping the soil smoothly, so that the groove can be reliably and properly covered, and the seeding depth is stabilized. Can be made. Conventionally, since the side end surface on the groove side of the cover plate is straight, it is difficult for the soil to escape to the rear, and the soil is pushed out to the side more strongly, and the soil extends beyond the groove to the opposite side of the groove. Is pushed out, and the groove is not reliably covered with soil, so that the seeding depth may be inappropriate, or the extruded soil may adversely affect the cultivation after the rise on the opposite side of the groove.

  Specifically, as shown in an enlarged side view (a) and a bottom view (b) including a partial fracture in FIG. 8, the groove maker 98 receives the lower end portion of the discharge tube 60 and opens both left and right outer sides thereof. An input portion 98a to be defined and a blade portion 98b that protrudes below the float 24 and forms a groove in the soil are provided on the front side of the input portion 98a. The blade portion 98b is formed so as to be inclined rearwardly downward, and the front end side thereof is pivotally supported by the rotation support portion 98c so that the protruding position can be adjusted with respect to the float 24.

  By constructing the grooving device 98 as described above, the farm scene is leveled by the float 24 that is slid in the farm scene, and the blade 98b protruding into the soil below it is grooved in the leveled farm scene below the float. When a predetermined amount of seed is supplied by a seed supply mechanism 6a having a discharge cylinder 60 that faces the position immediately after that, the seed is discharged into the groove. In this case, as shown in the depth adjustment examples (a to c) in FIG. 9, the groove depth can be changed and held by replacing the pin 98p.

  When the projecting position of the grooving device 98 is adjusted, the groove depth is adjusted by the rotation support portion 98c with the inclination change of the blade portion 98b, that is, the inclination of the blade portion 98b becomes steeper as the groove becomes deeper. Since the entire lifting due to the acting force is suppressed, a desired groove depth is ensured as adjusted.

  Further, as shown in another configuration example of FIG. 10, the groover 98 is provided with a lever 98d for tilting operation, and has a depth of 1.5 mm which is a half of the heel length in a range of 5 to 25 mm. By making it adjustable, the seeding depth can be easily adjusted according to the regional conditions and the field conditions.

  Further, as shown in the plan view (a) and the side view (b) of the main part of FIG. 11, the groover 98 is configured by extending the insertion part 98a to the rear side. The throw-in part 98a is extended to the rear thereof, defines the left and right outer sides of the discharge cylinder 60, and receives seeds, thereby delaying the timing at which mud and water enter the groove, thereby being discharged to the groove bottom. Since the seed is not covered up to a certain distance, the sowing conditions such as the sowing amount, pitch, and depth can be confirmed by visual observation from above.

  The length of the feeding part 98a is approximately the range of the sowing pitch length, and the sowing pitch is quantitatively grasped by displaying on the side a scale 98e that matches the pitch between the strains from the feeding position by the discharge tube 60 to the rear. Moreover, as shown in the side view of FIG. 11 (c), by displaying the scale 98f on the side surface in the depth direction from the lower end of the feeding portion 98a, the sowing depth, soil covering, mud The degree of shifting can be visually confirmed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 12, a side view (a) and a plan view (b) of the main part of the groove cutter 27 are arranged in the range between the insertion position by the discharge cylinder 60 and the rear inter-stock pitch position. By forming the scales 98e and 98f on the side surfaces, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

Next, the rotation sensor 7 will be described.
The rotation sensor 7 is a pickup sensor that detects the number of rotations of the transmission rotation portion in the mission case 30, and is provided at a portion where the PTO shaft 3 is removed from the mission case 30, and detects the rotation speed of the PTO shaft 3. Therefore, the rotation sensor 7 serves as a traveling speed sensor that detects the traveling speed of the traveling vehicle body by detecting the transmission speed in the work transmission path. Although the PTO shaft 3 is transmitted to the fertilizer feeding device 26, the load of the fertilizer transmission is relatively small, and even if there is a load fluctuation, the influence on the detection of the rotation sensor 7 is small, and the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor 7 is maintained high. Detection can be stabilized.

  As shown in the enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 13, the rotation sensor 7 is attached to the planting drive shaft (PTO shaft) 3 by attaching a bearing to the rotation sensor 7. Specifically, it attaches from the transmission device 30 via the support plate 7s of a spring material. With the above configuration, even when the planting drive shaft 3 swings, the positional relationship between the shaft-side detection unit and the sensor is maintained by the support plate 7s, so that the speed detection accuracy can be improved.

It is a side view of a riding type rice transplanter. It is a transmission system expansion | deployment figure of a transmission. It is an enlarged side view of a seeding apparatus. It is a principal part expansion longitudinal cross-sectional view of a feeding roll. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (a) and (b) of the structural example of the measurement part of a feeding amount. It is a protruding shape of a scraped wheel. It is a principal part top view of a float. It is a partially broken enlarged side view (a) and bottom view (b) of the groove producing device. It is an example (ac) of depth adjustment of a grooved device. It is another structural example of a groove producing device. It is a principal part top view (a), side view (b), and another side view (c) of a groove producing device. It is the principal part side view (a) of a grooving machine, and a top view (b). It is a principal part enlarged view of the attachment part of a pickup sensor.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 2 Traveling vehicle body 6 Seeding apparatus 6a Point seeding mechanism (seed supply mechanism)
19 Frame 24 Float 60 Discharge tube 98 Grooving device 98a Inserting portion 98b Blade portion 98c Rotating support portion 98d Lever 98e Scale 98f Scale 98p Pin

Claims (1)

Float (24) for leveling a farm scene by a sliding action, and a grooving device in which a blade part (98b) projecting into the soil below the float (24) is formed on the front side of the seed input part (98a) (98) and a seed supply device (6a) including a discharge cylinder (60) facing the input part (98a) and supplying a predetermined amount of seeds,
The grooving device (98) is formed by tilting the blade edge of the blade portion (98b) so as to be rearwardly lowered and pivotally supporting the front end side of the float (24) so that the protruding position can be adjusted. A seeding device comprising a support (98c).

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