CN111559123A - 一种复合保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种复合保温板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111559123A CN111559123A CN202010238133.8A CN202010238133A CN111559123A CN 111559123 A CN111559123 A CN 111559123A CN 202010238133 A CN202010238133 A CN 202010238133A CN 111559123 A CN111559123 A CN 111559123A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- fiber reinforced
- composite
- reinforced resin
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005007 epoxy-phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
- B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
- B32B38/164—Drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于保温板的制备技术领域,公开一种复合保温板及其制备方法。包括第一及第二面板层、夹芯层、骨架支撑层,夹芯层包括若干个纤维增强气凝胶复合毡,骨架支撑层为网格状,所述骨架支撑层设置在第一面板层与第二面板层之间,纤维增强气凝胶复合毡填充于骨架支撑层的网格中。制备步骤如下:由下至上依次将离型膜‑第一脱模布‑第一纤维增强树脂预浸带‑网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框进行铺层;将纤维增强气凝胶复合毡铺设到网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框中;铺设第二纤维增强树脂预浸带‑第二脱模布;热压固化成型,脱模处理,即可。本发明复合保温板,力学性能大大提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保温板的制备技术领域,具体涉及一种复合保温板及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,开发新能源、提高现有能源利用率及节约能源已引起各国的高度重视。我国是一个能源贫瘠的国家,因此,合理利用能源、节约能源对我国社会的可持续发展具有重要的意义。采用新技术、新工艺开发环境友好型的隔热保温材料是节约能源最有效、最经济的措施之一。
建筑上常用的保温材料多为保温砂浆,其是以各种轻质材料为骨料,以水泥为胶凝料,掺和一些改性添加剂,经生产企业搅拌混合而制成的一种预拌干粉砂浆,用于构筑建筑表面保温层的一种建筑材料。保温砂浆具有下述缺点:密度大,保温层的重量容易给施工带来困难,并且增加建筑骨架承重负担;导热系数高,达到国家节能标准,厚度较厚;吸湿性大,容易导致重量超标、脱落;受施工因素影响,强度变化较大。
目前多采用隔热保温复合板材代替传统保温材料作为建筑、民用、工业等领域的隔热材料使用,复合板材多由隔热夹心层与面板组成,面板多采用高强度的纤维板材、石板等,存在密度大、加工周期长等问题,规模化生产成本高等,而隔热夹心层材料绝大多数为有机合成类和有机、无机矿物类,如发泡塑料、纤维棉毡等。其中,以超细玻璃棉为代表的矿物纤维类材料存在密度大、脆性大、吸水严重、易振动下垂、保温隔热性能差、铺设较厚、材料损耗量大等缺陷,且施工工程中因纤维性脆,容易形成粉尘散逸而污染环境、导致肺部疾病,使用这些材料无法达到节能标准;普通有机泡沫类如聚苯乙烯泡沫、聚氨酯泡沫等存在阻燃性差、燃烧密度大并且释放出大量有毒有害气体。
SiO2气凝胶作为一种新兴的超级隔热材料,其导热系数极低,远低于常温下静态空气0.25 W/m·K的导热系数,具有其他材料无法比拟的隔热保温效果,且密度低、防水阻燃、绿色环保、防腐蚀、不易老化、使用寿命长,被称为超级保温隔热材料。目前主要用于工业管道、工业炉体、救生舱、交通运输、家用电器、玻璃等领域的保温隔热。但是由于气凝胶的结构特点,使得气凝胶存在脆性大、柔性差等缺点,同时,由于其制备方法的原因,SiO2气凝胶毡在运输、施工和使用过程中普遍存在毡体脱落气凝胶粉的情况,掉粉情况不仅给施工带来了不便,给施工人员健康带来了威胁,同时也会降低气凝胶毡本身的性能,大大地限制了气凝胶毡的应用范围。将气凝胶作为复合板材的芯材能够很好解决气凝胶掉粉的问题,但是鉴于气凝胶力学性能较差的缺点,对在一些力学性能要求较高的场合并不能满足使用需求。因此针对气凝胶作为夹心层,设计一种隔热性能及力学性能良好的板材对扩大隔热材料的应用市场具有重要的推动意义。
发明内容
为克服现有技术中存在的不足之处,本发明的目的旨在提供一种复合保温板及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案如下:
一种复合保温板,所述复合保温板包括第一面板层、第二面板层、夹芯层、骨架支撑层,夹芯层包括若干个纤维增强气凝胶复合毡,骨架支撑层为网格状,所述骨架支撑层设置在第一面板层与第二面板层之间,纤维增强气凝胶复合毡填充于骨架支撑层的网格中,骨架支撑层与第一面板层、第二面板层一体成型;所述第一面板层、第二面板层和骨架支撑层同时为纤维增强树脂复合材料。
较好地,所述纤维增强树脂复合材料中的纤维为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、硼纤维或芳纶,树脂为不饱和聚酯、乙烯基树脂、聚氨酯树脂、环氧树脂或酚醛树脂;所述纤维增强气凝胶复合毡中的纤维为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、硼纤维、硅酸铝纤维、莫来石纤维、石英纤维、氧化铝纤维、氮化硅纤维、氮化硼纤维、岩棉纤维、苎麻纤维、玄武岩纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、PET纤维、PP纤维或芳纶纤维,气凝胶为二氧化硅气凝胶、氧化铝气凝胶、二氧化锆气凝胶或二氧化钛气凝胶。本发明中所述“纤维增强树脂复合材料”和“纤维增强气凝胶复合毡”均可按现有技术制备获得。
较好地,第一面板层的厚度为0.5-5 mm,第二面板层的厚度为0.5-5 mm,骨架支撑层的厚度为2-20 mm。
较好地,骨架支撑层的网格形状为四边形、五边形或六边形。
所述复合保温板的制备方法,制备步骤如下:
(1)、由下至上依次将离型膜-第一脱模布-第一纤维增强树脂预浸带-网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框进行铺层;
(2)、将纤维增强气凝胶复合毡铺设到网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框的网格中;
(3)、在网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框上表面依次铺设第二纤维增强树脂预浸带-第二脱模布,至此获得层叠体;
(4)、将步骤(3)铺层完成的层叠体置于热压机上热压固化成型;
(5)、固化完成后脱模处理,即得复合保温板;
所述第一纤维增强树脂预浸带、第二纤维增强树脂预浸带和网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框中的纤维和树脂分别对应为纤维增强树脂复合材料中的纤维和树脂。
较好地,所述网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框的网格形状为四边形、五边形或六边形。
较好地,步骤(4)中,热压固化成型的压力为0.5-5 Mpa,固化温度为20-180 ℃,固化时间为0.5-12 h。
较好地,所述离型膜为PET膜、PE膜、PI膜或OPP膜;所述第一脱模布和第二脱模布为聚四氟乙烯脱模布、尼龙66脱模布、尼龙6脱模布或聚酯脱模布。
有益效果:
(1)、本发明制备得到的复合保温板,除了具有轻质保温的特点,其力学性能相比传统的夹心板材大大提高;
(2)、本发明将纤维增强气凝胶复合毡铺设到网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框中,经过热压将其与面板层一体化固化成型,在各纤维增强气凝胶复合毡之间形成骨架支撑层,骨架支撑层为纤维增强树脂复合材料,其良好的力学性能能够对气凝胶起到支撑作用,大大提高气凝胶的力学性能,进而提高整个板材的力学性能,同时也解决了气凝胶在应用过程中掉粉的难题,本发明得到的保温板材具备优异的抗冲、抗压性能,扩大板材的应用场合;
(3)、本发明采用骨架支撑层与面板层一体固化成型的方式大大提高了夹心层与面板层的结合强度,避免传统的粘结方法造成的夹心层与面板层由于结合强度低分层的现象;
(4)、本发明复合保温板的制备一体固化成型,成型周期短,操作简单方便,制备得到的复合保温板表面平整光洁,增加美观度,能够满足大规模产业化的需求,可以根据需求制备得到不同大小、厚度的复合保温板,满足其在建筑、化工、交通等隔热保温领域的应用需求。
附图说明
图1:本发明复合保温板的结构示意图;
图2:网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框(网格形状为正四边形)的主视结构示意图;
图3:网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框(网格形状为正四边形)的俯视结构示意图;
图中:1-第一面板层;2-第二面板层;3-纤维增强气凝胶复合毡;4-骨架支撑层;5-纤维增强树脂预浸带;6网格。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例,对本发明做进一步说明。应理解,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示,一种复合保温板,包括第一面板层1、第二面板2、夹芯层、骨架支撑层4,夹芯层包括若干个纤维增强气凝胶复合毡3,骨架支撑层4为网格状,所述骨架支撑层4设置在第一面板层1与第二面板层2之间,纤维增强气凝胶复合毡3填充于骨架支撑层4的网格中,骨架支撑层4与第一面板层1、第二面板2一体固化成型;
所述第一面板层1、第二面板2和骨架支撑层4同时为玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯复合材料;所述纤维增强气凝胶复合毡3为玻璃纤维增强二氧化硅气凝胶复合毡;第一面板层1的厚度为1.2 mm,第二面板2的厚度为1.2 mm,所述骨架支撑层4的厚度为2 mm。
所述复合保温板的制备方法,制备步骤如下:
(1)、铺层:由下至上依次将离型膜-第一脱模布-第一纤维增强树脂预浸带(片状)-网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框(网格形状为正四边形)进行铺层;所述网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框的结构见图2和图3,包括纤维增强树脂预浸带5,纤维增强树脂预浸带5上均布有若干个网格6;
(2)、将纤维增强气凝胶复合毡3铺设到网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框的网格6中;
(3)、在网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框上表面依次铺设第二纤维增强树脂预浸带(片状)-第二脱模布,至此获得层叠体;
(4)、将步骤(3)铺层完成的层叠体置于热压机上在1 Mpa、80 ℃条件下固化1.5 h;
(5)、固化完成后脱模处理,即得复合保温板;
所述第一纤维增强树脂预浸带、第二纤维增强树脂预浸带为玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯预浸带,网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框为网格状玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯预浸带框。
所述离型膜为PI膜;所述第一脱模布和第二脱模布为尼龙66脱模布;
本实施例制备的复合保温板的密度为0.36 g/cm3,压缩强度为3.2 Mpa。
Claims (8)
1.一种复合保温板,其特征在于:所述复合保温板包括第一面板层、第二面板层、夹芯层、骨架支撑层,夹芯层包括若干个纤维增强气凝胶复合毡,骨架支撑层为网格状,所述骨架支撑层设置在第一面板层与第二面板层之间,纤维增强气凝胶复合毡填充于骨架支撑层的网格中,骨架支撑层与第一面板层、第二面板层一体成型;所述第一面板层、第二面板层和骨架支撑层同时为纤维增强树脂复合材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合保温板,其特征在于:所述纤维增强树脂复合材料中的纤维为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、硼纤维或芳纶,树脂为不饱和聚酯、乙烯基树脂、聚氨酯树脂、环氧树脂或酚醛树脂;所述纤维增强气凝胶复合毡中的纤维为玻璃纤维、碳纤维、硼纤维、硅酸铝纤维、莫来石纤维、石英纤维、氧化铝纤维、氮化硅纤维、氮化硼纤维、岩棉纤维、苎麻纤维、玄武岩纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、PET纤维、PP纤维或芳纶纤维,气凝胶为二氧化硅气凝胶、氧化铝气凝胶、二氧化锆气凝胶或二氧化钛气凝胶。
3.如权利要求1所述的复合保温板,其特征在于:第一面板层的厚度为0.5-5 mm,第二面板层的厚度为0.5-5 mm,骨架支撑层的厚度为2-20 mm。
4.如权利要求1所述的复合保温板,其特征在于:骨架支撑层的网格形状为四边形、五边形或六边形。
5.一种如权利要求1~4之任一项所述的复合保温板的制备方法,其特征在于,制备步骤如下:
(1)、由下至上依次将离型膜-第一脱模布-第一纤维增强树脂预浸带-网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框进行铺层;
(2)、将纤维增强气凝胶复合毡铺设到网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框的网格中;
(3)、在网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框上表面依次铺设第二纤维增强树脂预浸带-第二脱模布,至此获得层叠体;
(4)、将步骤(3)铺层完成的层叠体置于热压机上热压固化成型;
(5)、固化完成后脱模处理,即得复合保温板;
所述第一纤维增强树脂预浸带、第二纤维增强树脂预浸带和网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框中的纤维和树脂分别对应为纤维增强树脂复合材料中的纤维和树脂。
6.如权利要求5所述的复合保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述网格状纤维增强树脂预浸带框的网格形状为四边形、五边形或六边形。
7.如权利要求5所述的复合保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,热压固化成型的压力为0.5-5 Mpa,固化温度为20-180 ℃,固化时间为0.5-12 h。
8.如权利要求5所述的复合保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述离型膜为PET膜、PE膜、PI膜或OPP膜;所述第一脱模布和第二脱模布为聚四氟乙烯脱模布、尼龙66脱模布、尼龙6脱模布或聚酯脱模布。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010238133.8A CN111559123A (zh) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | 一种复合保温板及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010238133.8A CN111559123A (zh) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | 一种复合保温板及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111559123A true CN111559123A (zh) | 2020-08-21 |
Family
ID=72067743
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010238133.8A Pending CN111559123A (zh) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | 一种复合保温板及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111559123A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115091819A (zh) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | 内嵌光纤传感器的纤维金属层板及其成形固化一体化方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060248853A1 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2006-11-09 | Bartley-Cho Jonathan D | Thermally insulated structure - full depth sandwich joint concept |
CN103568379A (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-12 | 昆山蓝胜建材有限公司 | 气凝胶复合板及其制备方法 |
CN104553091A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 高俊丽 | 一种气凝胶复合板及其制备方法 |
CN205272695U (zh) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-06-01 | 卓达新材料科技集团有限公司 | 一种气凝胶复合保温板 |
CN108032564A (zh) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-15 | 常州工程职业技术学院 | 气凝胶保温板材及其制备方法 |
CN108032580A (zh) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | 一种制备夹层结构热防护材料的方法及由该方法制得的热防护材料 |
CN108501399A (zh) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-07 | 常州轻工职业技术学院 | 轨道车辆空调风道管及其制备方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-03-30 CN CN202010238133.8A patent/CN111559123A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060248853A1 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2006-11-09 | Bartley-Cho Jonathan D | Thermally insulated structure - full depth sandwich joint concept |
CN103568379A (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-12 | 昆山蓝胜建材有限公司 | 气凝胶复合板及其制备方法 |
CN104553091A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 高俊丽 | 一种气凝胶复合板及其制备方法 |
CN205272695U (zh) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-06-01 | 卓达新材料科技集团有限公司 | 一种气凝胶复合保温板 |
CN108032564A (zh) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-15 | 常州工程职业技术学院 | 气凝胶保温板材及其制备方法 |
CN108032580A (zh) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | 一种制备夹层结构热防护材料的方法及由该方法制得的热防护材料 |
CN108501399A (zh) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-07 | 常州轻工职业技术学院 | 轨道车辆空调风道管及其制备方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115091819A (zh) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | 内嵌光纤传感器的纤维金属层板及其成形固化一体化方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN111516346B (zh) | 一种隔热保温板及其制备方法 | |
CN111848112A (zh) | 一种隔热保温材料及其制备方法 | |
CN103410232A (zh) | 无机复合保温板外墙外保温系统 | |
CN111516326A (zh) | 一种复合保温板及其制备方法 | |
CN103510680B (zh) | 相变智能调温地板 | |
CN102587542A (zh) | 一种利用建筑垃圾制备墙体的方法 | |
CN109944382A (zh) | 一种自保温trc复合墙体及其制备方法 | |
CN111516347A (zh) | 一种隔热保温板及其制备方法 | |
CN203487643U (zh) | 无机复合保温板外墙外保温系统 | |
CN111559123A (zh) | 一种复合保温板及其制备方法 | |
CN112982871B (zh) | 一种轻薄节能强附着的大规格墙面板的制备及其施工工艺 | |
CN211523573U (zh) | 一种隔热复合板材 | |
CN103924760A (zh) | 装配式外墙装饰无机夹芯复合保温板制作工艺 | |
CN112726855B (zh) | 一种高效隔热保温板及其制备方法 | |
CN101446122A (zh) | 自保温绿色混凝土装配式大板及其制作方法 | |
CN108425439B (zh) | 一种高延性保温隔热砌体墙的施工方法 | |
CN112112297B (zh) | 一种建筑外墙保温系统及其施工方法 | |
CN205677141U (zh) | 一种抗震型复合墙板 | |
CN211499574U (zh) | 装配式楼地面用复合装饰板 | |
CN201486026U (zh) | 一种新型防火保温组合式砖块 | |
CN111005463B (zh) | 一种隔热夹心层及其制备方法 | |
CN204435579U (zh) | 三维编织中空织物增强发泡水泥保温板 | |
CN206752742U (zh) | 一种用于墙体的轻质耐火保温模板和墙体结构 | |
CN112726987A (zh) | 一种下锚固式建筑保温装饰一体板 | |
CN203401772U (zh) | 厚抹灰防火砂浆酚醛树脂板 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200821 |