CN111558406A - Remote Controlled Mass Sample Point Source Irradiation Rack and Irradiation Laboratory - Google Patents
Remote Controlled Mass Sample Point Source Irradiation Rack and Irradiation Laboratory Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架,其包括若干同竖向轴心线水平间隔设置的扇形支撑面,各所述扇形支撑面上间隔设有若干同心的圆弧线标记刻度;若干支撑杆,竖立支撑连接在所述若干扇形支撑面周围;遥控运动机构,包括若干轮子、电机、载动无线收发模块和遥控装置。本发明所提供的大批量样本点源辐射架,可最大程度利用辐射场宝贵空间,节约摆放、撤收样本时间,从而既可以实现点辐射源大批量高剂量辐射,又可以使受照对象在辐照后能够安全快速离开辐射源,解决了该类型实验中亟待解决的难题,使得实验效率有效提高,实验开展更加科学合理,数据结果更加准确。
The invention relates to a remote-controlled large-volume sample point source irradiation stand, which comprises a plurality of fan-shaped support surfaces arranged at horizontal intervals with the vertical axis, and each of the fan-shaped support surfaces is provided with a plurality of concentric arc marks at intervals A scale; a number of support rods, which are erected and supported and connected around the plurality of fan-shaped support surfaces; a remote control movement mechanism includes a number of wheels, a motor, a mobile wireless transceiver module and a remote control device. The large-scale sample point source radiation rack provided by the invention can maximize the use of the precious space of the radiation field, save the time for placing and withdrawing the samples, so as to realize the large-scale high-dose radiation of the point radiation source, and make the irradiated objects It can safely and quickly leave the radiation source after irradiation, which solves the urgent problems to be solved in this type of experiment, effectively improves the experimental efficiency, makes the experiment more scientific and reasonable, and the data results are more accurate.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于实验器材技术领域,具体涉及一种遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架及包含其的辐照实验室。The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment, and in particular relates to a remote-controlled large-volume sample point source irradiation rack and an irradiation laboratory comprising the same.
背景技术Background technique
电离辐射在人类生产生活当中的作用愈发明显,作为一把双刃剑,其对人们产生的潜在危害也受到越来越广泛的重视。放射生物学研究即是推动辐射防护的基础,其研究成果在辐射防护限值的制定和辐射防护效果的评价中具有重要的理论意义与应用价值。而在该类研究中,放射生物学效应与照射模型的射线类型、部位、剂量、剂量率以及周围材料环境等因素密切相关。在具体的实验过程中,往往选用细胞株、线虫以及实验动物等为研究对象。The role of ionizing radiation in human production and life has become more and more obvious. As a double-edged sword, its potential harm to people has also received more and more attention. Radiobiology research is the basis for promoting radiation protection, and its research results have important theoretical significance and application value in the formulation of radiation protection limits and the evaluation of radiation protection effects. In this type of research, the radiobiological effects are closely related to the radiation type, location, dose, dose rate and surrounding material environment of the irradiation model. In the specific experimental process, cell lines, nematodes and experimental animals are often selected as research objects.
中子在反应堆等多种核设施当中担当核心角色。而由于其不带电,具有很高的穿透性,且易引发各类继发的核反应,生成带电粒子、形成反冲离子从而引起严重的生物损伤效应。因此,中子辐射对人体健康的影响受到越来越多的关注,开展中子辐射防护研究也一直是业界重要课题。然而,世界范围内针对中子辐射效应、机制的研究相对较少,主要原因在于:一是能够产生足够通量的中子源稀缺,中子辐射场珍贵。为了充分利用辐射场空间,且保证各处理组达到预定剂量,在以往的中子动物、细胞辐射实验过程中,均需要提前至少1小时,进行距离测量及样本摆放;由于样本太多,且测量精度有限,很难实现导致每批次样本受照剂量一致。二是由于感生放射性的残留射线影响,导致辐射之后不能立即取材开展短时间内实验探索。在高能中子辐射实验中,高能中子电离空气、大地以及场内材料等物质,会引发感生放射性,需要经过至少1小时(根据不同剂量决定降噪时间)的抽排风、“降噪”才能保证现场达到容许进入的剂量率水平,这严重限制了对照后短时间生物学效应、机制的关键研究。Neutrons play a central role in a variety of nuclear facilities, including reactors. And because it is not charged, it has high penetrability, and it is easy to trigger various secondary nuclear reactions, generate charged particles, and form recoil ions, thereby causing serious biological damage effects. Therefore, the impact of neutron radiation on human health has received more and more attention, and research on neutron radiation protection has always been an important topic in the industry. However, there are relatively few studies on the effects and mechanisms of neutron radiation worldwide. The main reasons are: First, neutron sources that can generate sufficient flux are scarce, and neutron radiation fields are precious. In order to make full use of the radiation field space and ensure that each treatment group reaches the predetermined dose, in the previous neutron animal and cell radiation experiments, it was necessary to perform distance measurement and sample placement at least 1 hour in advance; due to too many samples, and The measurement accuracy is limited, and it is difficult to achieve consistent irradiation doses for each batch of samples. Second, due to the influence of residual rays of induced radioactivity, materials cannot be obtained immediately after radiation for short-term experimental exploration. In high-energy neutron radiation experiments, high-energy neutrons ionize air, the ground, and materials in the field, which will cause induced radioactivity. "It is necessary to ensure that the site reaches the dose rate level that allows access, which severely limits the key research on biological effects and mechanisms in the short-term after control.
如何在中子动物、细胞辐射实验过程中,使大批量样本能够得到准确、足够剂量的照射,又能够实现样本在照射后迅速离开辐射源,是中子辐射生物学效应与生物学防护实验中亟待解决的问题。How to irradiate a large number of samples with accurate and sufficient doses in the process of neutron animal and cell radiation experiments, and realize that the samples can quickly leave the radiation source after irradiation, is the biological effect of neutron radiation and biological protection experiments. Problems to be solved.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
因此,针对现有电离辐射实验过程中,动物、细胞等样本摆放测量精度不高、无法实现大批量样本能够得到准确剂量的照射的技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架,本发明的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架可实现批量样本的空间定位排放,能够得到准确剂量的照射;还可在样本在照射后通过遥控迅速地离开辐射源,可避免实验人员进入辐射场。Therefore, in the existing ionizing radiation experiment process, the measurement accuracy of animals, cells and other samples is not high, and it is impossible to achieve accurate dose irradiation of large-scale samples. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a remote-controlled large-scale The sample point source irradiation rack, the remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack of the present invention can realize the spatial positioning and discharge of batch samples, and can obtain accurate dose irradiation; it can also quickly leave the radiation source by remote control after the sample is irradiated , which can prevent the experimenter from entering the radiation field.
本发明的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架包括:The remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack of the present invention includes:
若干同竖向轴心线水平间隔设置的扇形支撑面,各所述扇形支撑面上间隔设有若干同心的圆弧线标记刻度;a plurality of fan-shaped support surfaces arranged at horizontal intervals with the vertical axis, and each of the fan-shaped support surfaces is provided with a plurality of concentric arc line marking scales at intervals;
若干支撑杆,竖立支撑连接在所述若干扇形支撑面周围;a plurality of support rods, which are vertically supported and connected around the plurality of fan-shaped support surfaces;
遥控运动机构,包括若干轮子、电机、载动无线收发模块和遥控装置;所述轮子、电机和载动无线收发模块设于所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架底部,所述电机与所述轮子驱动连接,所述载动无线收发模块用于接收所述遥控装置发出的信号并控制所述电机的运转。The remote control motion mechanism includes a number of wheels, a motor, a mobile wireless transceiver module and a remote control device; the wheels, the motor and the mobile wireless transceiver module are arranged at the bottom of the remote control type large-scale sample point source irradiation rack, and the motor is connected to The wheels are driven and connected, and the on-board wireless transceiver module is used for receiving the signal sent by the remote control device and controlling the operation of the motor.
本发明的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架设计原理如下:The design principle of the remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack of the present invention is as follows:
在辐射场内,某生物体接受的当量剂量H可以近似地按下式计算:In the radiation field, the equivalent dose H received by an organism can be approximately calculated as follows:
H=X·tH=X t
由此可知,确定照射量率X即可计算出总剂量。而点源辐射场中某点的X随距离放射源的直线距离增加而降低,且满足以下平方反比关系式:From this, it can be seen that the total dose can be calculated by determining the irradiation dose rate X. However, the X of a point in the radiation field of the point source decreases with the increase of the straight-line distance from the radiation source, and satisfies the following inverse square relationship:
X=Γ·A/L2 X=Γ·A/L 2
式中,A为源的放射性活度,Γ为照射量率常数,L为距离点源的直线距离。where A is the radioactivity of the source, Γ is the exposure rate constant, and L is the straight-line distance from the point source.
由此,在某次已知点源照射参数的辐照事件中,若测得L,便可计算出H。Thus, in an irradiation event with known point source irradiation parameters, if L is measured, H can be calculated.
本发明中,各所述扇形支撑面共轴心线布置,使用时各所述扇形支撑面上由内到外沿着各所述圆弧线标记刻度可放置多个样本,然后将所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架移动至辐照位置,辐射点源(包括但不限于中子点源、钴60等光子点源等在内的电离辐射源)处于轴心线处,样本上下前后多层次围住辐射点源,多层次接收中子照射,大大提高中子的利用率,可最大程度利用辐射场宝贵空间,节约摆放、撤收样本时间。而各所述扇形支撑面上的同一所述圆弧线标记刻度上各点与辐射点源的距离相同,因此单位时间具有相同的照射剂量,那么辐射点源和遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架的高度不变时,所述圆弧线标记刻度上单位时间的照射剂量不变,根据上述原理可准确计算并标记各所述圆弧线标记刻度距离点源的实际长度,进而可准确计算单位时间的照射剂量和总的照射剂量。In the present invention, each of the fan-shaped support surfaces is arranged with a coaxial center line. When in use, each of the fan-shaped support surfaces can place multiple samples along each of the circular arc marks from the inside to the outside, and then the remote control The point source irradiation rack for large batches of samples is moved to the irradiation position, and the point source of radiation (including but not limited to ionizing radiation sources such as neutron point sources, cobalt 60 photon point sources, etc.) is at the axis line, and the sample is up and down. The radiation point source is surrounded by multiple layers at the front and back, and the neutron irradiation is received at multiple layers, which greatly improves the utilization rate of neutrons, can maximize the use of the precious space of the radiation field, and save the time for placing and withdrawing samples. And each point on the same arc line marking scale on each of the fan-shaped support surfaces has the same distance from the radiation point source, so it has the same irradiation dose per unit time, then the radiation point source and the remote-controlled mass sample point source radiate When the height of the photo frame remains unchanged, the irradiation dose per unit time on the arc marking scale will remain unchanged. According to the above principle, the actual length of each arc marking scale from the point source can be accurately calculated and marked, so as to accurately Calculate the irradiation dose per unit time and the total irradiation dose.
为了方便遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架的定位,使辐射点源处于所述若干扇形支撑面的轴心线处,具体可在辐射源前面或地板上设置定位销、定位孔或者其它定位机构,所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架上可对应设置定位孔、定位销或者其它定位机构来完成匹配定位。In order to facilitate the positioning of the remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack, the radiation point source is located at the axis of the several fan-shaped support surfaces. Specifically, positioning pins, positioning holes or other positioning can be provided in front of the radiation source or on the floor. A positioning hole, a positioning pin or other positioning mechanism can be correspondingly arranged on the remote-controlled large-volume sample point source irradiation frame to complete the matching positioning.
本发明的所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架结构简单,重量轻,因此移动轻便,同时设有遥控运动机构用于远距离驱使所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架移动,样本在照射后可随之安全迅速地离开辐射源,可避免实验人员进入辐射场。The remote-controlled large-batch sample point source irradiation rack of the present invention has a simple structure and light weight, so it is easy to move, and at the same time, a remote-controlled motion mechanism is provided to drive the remote-controlled large-batch sample point source irradiation rack to move from a long distance. After the sample is irradiated, it can leave the radiation source safely and quickly, which can prevent the experimenter from entering the radiation field.
关于所述遥控运动机构,较佳的,所述遥控装置包括室内无线收发模块和室外控制器,所述室外控制器与所述室内无线收发模块之间通过有线方式进行信号传输,所述室内无线收发模块与所述载动无线收发模块之间通过无线信号进行信号传输。Regarding the remote control movement mechanism, preferably, the remote control device includes an indoor wireless transceiver module and an outdoor controller, and signal transmission is performed between the outdoor controller and the indoor wireless transceiver module in a wired manner, and the indoor wireless transceiver module is used for signal transmission. Signal transmission is performed between the transceiver module and the on-board wireless transceiver module through wireless signals.
所述轮子和电机的驱动连接可参照现有常规的遥控玩具车的方案即可;所述室内无线收发模块与所述控制器之间通过数据线连接,以此进行有线传输,所述载动无线收发模块和所述室内无线收发模块则可采用市售常规的无线数据传输模块,比如蓝牙模块、RS-242、RS-422或RS-485通讯模块。The drive connection between the wheel and the motor can refer to the existing conventional remote control toy car solution; the indoor wireless transceiver module and the controller are connected through a data line, so as to carry out wired transmission, the carrier The wireless transceiver module and the indoor wireless transceiver module can use commercially available conventional wireless data transmission modules, such as Bluetooth modules, RS-242, RS-422 or RS-485 communication modules.
较佳的,各所述扇形支撑面上下等间隔设置。当辐射点源高度处于中间位置时,所述若干扇形支撑面存在上下对称的情况,因此上下会有照射剂量相同的圆弧线标记刻度,当样本量较多时,可上下放置,精确控制照射剂量的准确性和均一性。Preferably, each of the fan-shaped support surfaces is arranged at equal intervals up and down. When the height of the radiation point source is in the middle position, the several fan-shaped support surfaces are symmetrical up and down, so there will be arc marks with the same irradiation dose up and down. When the sample volume is large, it can be placed up and down to precisely control the irradiation dose. accuracy and uniformity.
所述扇形支撑面可根据辐射点源的位置调整其形状,以能够充分围住辐射点源,同时确保所述扇形支撑面上各位置在照射范围内。The shape of the fan-shaped support surface can be adjusted according to the position of the radiation point source, so as to fully surround the radiation point source, and at the same time ensure that each position on the fan-shaped support surface is within the irradiation range.
较佳的,所述扇形支撑面的圆心角为120°~300°,优选150°~240°,更优选180°~210°。Preferably, the central angle of the fan-shaped support surface is 120°-300°, preferably 150°-240°, more preferably 180°-210°.
所述扇形支撑面可以是完整的扇形,即直边延伸至圆心角,优选的一个方案是所述扇形支撑面呈半圆形。The fan-shaped support surface may be a complete fan shape, that is, the straight side extends to the central angle, and a preferred solution is that the fan-shaped support surface is semicircular.
所述扇形支撑面也可以是抠掉中心的扇形,即直边未延伸至圆心角,类似折扇扇面的形状。The fan-shaped support surface may also be a fan-shaped with the center cut off, that is, the straight side does not extend to the central corner, which is similar to the shape of the fan surface of a folding fan.
上述两种情形,直边均为半径边,即直边或其延伸线不经过圆心;本发明的另一些实施例中,所述扇形支撑面的直边还可以不是直边,即直边或其延伸线不经过圆心。典型的比如,所述扇形支撑面的圆心角小于180°,外弧边两端之间的直边不经过圆心,所述扇形支撑面整体呈弓形。In the above two cases, the straight edge is a radius edge, that is, the straight edge or its extension line does not pass through the center of the circle; in other embodiments of the present invention, the straight edge of the fan-shaped support surface may not Its extension line does not pass through the center of the circle. Typically, for example, the central angle of the fan-shaped support surface is less than 180°, the straight edge between the two ends of the outer arc edge does not pass through the center of the circle, and the fan-shaped support surface is arcuate as a whole.
较佳的,所述扇形支撑面与所述支撑杆可拆卸式连接;各所述扇形支撑面为可拆分拼接式面板,由若干小扇形板组装而成。可拆卸式的设置可便于取放样本。Preferably, the fan-shaped support surface and the support rod are detachably connected; each of the fan-shaped support surfaces is a detachable and spliced panel assembled from several small fan-shaped plates. Detachable setup for easy access to samples.
较佳的,所述扇形支撑面上沿着所述圆弧线刻度标记间隔设有若干限位机构。所述限位机构用于样本容器的固定,样本容器包括培养瓶、培养皿、烧杯、试管、离心管、笼具等等。Preferably, several limiting mechanisms are arranged on the fan-shaped support surface at intervals along the circular arc scale marks. The limiting mechanism is used for fixing a sample container, and the sample container includes a culture bottle, a petri dish, a beaker, a test tube, a centrifuge tube, a cage and the like.
较佳的,所述限位机构为凸块、凹槽、通孔、周环限位凸起或者沿着周环间隔分布的凸起。也可以是其它可行的结构。Preferably, the limiting mechanism is a bump, a groove, a through hole, a circumferential limiting protrusion or a protrusion distributed at intervals along the circumferential ring. Other possible structures are also possible.
较佳的,所述扇形支撑面上设有若干固定笼具。Preferably, several fixed cages are provided on the fan-shaped support surface.
进一步的,所述固定笼具的上下底板设有通风口。Further, the upper and lower bottom plates of the fixed cage are provided with ventilation openings.
较佳的,所述扇形支撑面之间还设有若干中间支撑。Preferably, several intermediate supports are also arranged between the fan-shaped support surfaces.
较佳的,所述扇形支撑面和所述支撑杆为不锈钢结构。Preferably, the fan-shaped support surface and the support rod are stainless steel structures.
根据铁元素针对电离辐射尤其是中子辐射的散射较弱(相对于有机玻璃等候选材料),而中子俘获截面为2.62*10-28m2,最终其中子辐射俘获反应不强,能够满足照后立即撤出样本且不会对实验人员造成感生放射性损伤的要求,故可选择不锈钢为主材料。According to the fact that iron has weak scattering for ionizing radiation, especially neutron radiation (compared to candidate materials such as plexiglass), and the neutron capture cross section is 2.62*10 -28 m 2 , the final neutron radiation capture reaction is not strong, which can satisfy In order to withdraw the sample immediately after exposure and not cause induced radiation damage to the experimenter, stainless steel can be selected as the main material.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种辐照实验室,其包括如上所述的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架和辐射源,所述辐射源固定在所述辐照实验室内,所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架的本体可活动地置于所述辐照实验室内,所述室内无线收发模块固定在所述辐照实验室中,所述室外控制器设于所述辐照实验室外部。Another object of the present invention is to provide an irradiation laboratory, which includes the above-mentioned remote-controlled large-volume sample point source irradiation rack and a radiation source, wherein the radiation source is fixed in the irradiation laboratory, and the The body of the remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack can be movably placed in the irradiation laboratory, the indoor wireless transceiver module is fixed in the irradiation laboratory, and the outdoor controller is located in the irradiation laboratory. outside the irradiation laboratory.
辐射源包括但不限于中子点源、钴60等光子点源等在内的电离辐射源。Radiation sources include, but are not limited to, ionizing radiation sources including neutron point sources, cobalt 60 photon point sources, and the like.
所述室内无线收发模块和所述室外控制器的分开设置,考虑的是由于辐照实验室屏蔽墙很厚,且常建在地下一定深度,外部电磁波几乎无法很好地穿透进入,故只能通过有线方式传入控制信号,然后再通过无线信号发射方式控制辐照架进行遥控运动。The separate setting of the indoor wireless transceiver module and the outdoor controller is considered because the shielding wall of the irradiation laboratory is very thick, and it is often built at a certain depth underground, and external electromagnetic waves can hardly penetrate well, so only the The control signal can be input through the wired mode, and then the irradiation frame can be controlled by the wireless signal transmission mode for remote control movement.
较佳的,所述辐射源前面或地板上设有定位销或者定位孔,所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架对应设有定位孔或定位销。Preferably, a positioning pin or a positioning hole is provided in front of the radiation source or on the floor, and a positioning hole or a positioning pin is correspondingly provided on the remote-controlled large-volume sample point source irradiation rack.
较佳的,辐照实验室外部配有操作室,所述室外控制器设于所述操作室中;所述操作室中还设有观察用屏幕,辐照实验室内部设有多角度耐辐射摄像头用于摄像并通过有线方式传递至所述观察用屏幕。Preferably, an operation room is provided outside the irradiation laboratory, and the outdoor controller is arranged in the operation room; the operation room is also provided with a screen for observation, and the interior of the irradiation laboratory is equipped with a multi-angle radiation resistance. The camera is used for taking pictures and is transmitted to the observation screen by wire.
较佳的,在所述辐射源和实验室门口之间设有导轨,所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架的轮子滚动设置在所述导轨上。所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架沿着所述导轨可快速地在门口与辐射源之间移动,更加便于控制。Preferably, a guide rail is provided between the radiation source and the door of the laboratory, and the wheels of the remote-controlled large-batch sample point source irradiation rack are rolled and arranged on the guide rail. The remote-controlled large-batch sample point source irradiation rack can quickly move between the doorway and the radiation source along the guide rail, which is more convenient to control.
本发明的有益效果如下:The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
本发明所提供的大批量样本点源辐射架,可最大程度利用辐射场宝贵空间,节约摆放、撤收样本时间,从而既可以实现点辐射源大批量高剂量辐射,又可以使受照对象在辐照后能够安全快速离开辐射源,解决了该类型实验中亟待解决的难题,使得实验效率有效提高,实验开展更加科学合理,数据结果更加准确。而且可在样本在照射后通过遥控迅速地离开辐射源,可避免实验人员进入辐射场。The large-batch sample point source radiation rack provided by the invention can maximize the use of the precious space of the radiation field, save the time for placing and withdrawing the samples, so as to realize the large-volume high-dose radiation of the point radiation source, and make the irradiated objects It can safely and quickly leave the radiation source after irradiation, which solves the urgent problems to be solved in this type of experiment, effectively improves the experimental efficiency, makes the experiment more scientific and reasonable, and the data results are more accurate. Moreover, after the sample is irradiated, it can quickly leave the radiation source by remote control, which can prevent the experimenter from entering the radiation field.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是实施例1的大批量样本点源辐照架的示意图;Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the bulk sample point source irradiation rack of Example 1;
图2是实施例1的大批量样本点源辐照架与中子发射器的位置示意图;Fig. 2 is the position schematic diagram of the bulk sample point source irradiation rack and the neutron emitter of Example 1;
图3是实施例2的大批量样本点源辐照架的示意图;Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the bulk sample point source irradiation rack of Example 2;
图4是实施例3的大批量样本点源辐照架的示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of a bulk sample point source irradiation rack of Example 3;
图5是实施例3的大批量样本点源辐照架的扇形支撑面的拆分示意图;Fig. 5 is the split schematic diagram of the fan-shaped support surface of the bulk sample point source irradiation rack of Example 3;
图6是实施例4的辐照实验室的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the irradiation laboratory of Example 4. FIG.
附图标记reference number
实施例1:大批量样本点源辐照架1,扇形支撑面11,圆弧线标记刻度111,支撑杆12,轮子131;辐射点源4;Example 1: Large batch sample point
实施例2:大批量样本点源辐照架2,扇形支撑面21;Example 2: point
实施例3:大批量样本点源辐照架3,扇形支撑面31,小扇形板311;Embodiment 3: point
实施例4:辐射源5,操作室6,导轨7,室内无线收发模块132,室外控制器133,观察用屏幕134,多角度耐辐射摄像头135。Embodiment 4:
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合具体实施例,对本发明作进一步说明。应理解,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限定本发明的范围。The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.
实施例1一种遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架Embodiment 1 A remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack
图1所示为本发明一较佳实施例的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架1,其包括若干扇形支撑面11、若干支撑杆12和遥控运动机构。FIG. 1 shows a remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation stand 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes a plurality of fan-shaped supporting
扇形支撑面11同竖向轴心线水平等间隔设置,各扇形支撑面11上间隔设有若干同心的圆弧线标记刻度111。支撑杆12竖立支撑连接在扇形支撑面11周围。扇形支撑面11的两直边未延伸至圆心角,类似折扇扇面的形状。图中扇形支撑面11的圆心角为120°~150°。当然也可设为其它的角度,比如180°,甚至更大的240°,可以根据实际情况调整,以能够充分围住辐射点源,同时确保扇形支撑面上各位置在照射范围内。The fan-shaped supporting
遥控运动机构包括若干轮子131、电机、载动无线收发模块和遥控装置;轮子131为万向轮,设于底部并与支撑杆12连接。电机和载动无线收发模块设于遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架1底部,电机与轮子131驱动连接,载动无线收发模块用于接收遥控器发出的信号并控制电机的运转。较佳的,遥控装置包括室内无线收发模块和室外控制器,室外控制器与室内无线收发模块之间通过有线方式进行信号传输,室内无线收发模块与载动无线收发模块之间通过无线信号进行信号传输。轮子131和电机的驱动连接可参照现有常规的遥控玩具车的方案即可;室内无线收发模块与控制器之间通过数据线连接,以此进行有线传输,载动无线收发模块和室内无线收发模块则可采用市售常规的无线数据传输模块,比如蓝牙模块、RS-242、RS-422或RS-485通讯模块。图中即使未显示电机、载动无线收发模块和遥控装置,本领域技术人员实施起来也没有技术障碍。The remote control movement mechanism includes a plurality of
较佳的,扇形支撑面11上沿着圆弧线刻度标记间隔设有若干限位机构。限位机构用于样本容器的固定,样本容器包括培养瓶、培养皿、烧杯、试管、离心管、笼具等等。进一步的,限位机构可设置为凸块、凹槽、通孔、周环限位凸起或者沿着周环间隔分布的凸起,也可以是其它任何可行的结构。图中也未显示,本领域技术人员可根据实际需要灵活调整。Preferably, several limiting mechanisms are arranged on the fan-shaped
较佳的,扇形支撑面11上设有若干固定笼具,可放置动物样本。进一步的,固定笼具的上下底板设有通风口。Preferably, a plurality of fixed cages are provided on the fan-shaped
较佳的,扇形支撑面11之间还设有若干中间支撑,提高辐照架的稳定性。Preferably, a plurality of intermediate supports are also arranged between the fan-shaped support surfaces 11 to improve the stability of the irradiation frame.
本发明的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架设计原理如下:The design principle of the remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack of the present invention is as follows:
在辐射场内,某生物体接受的当量剂量H可以近似地按下式计算:In the radiation field, the equivalent dose H received by an organism can be approximately calculated as follows:
H=X·tH=X t
由此可知,确定照射量率X即可计算出总剂量。而点源辐射场中某点的X随距离放射源的直线距离增加而降低,且满足以下平方反比关系式:From this, it can be seen that the total dose can be calculated by determining the irradiation dose rate X. However, the X of a point in the radiation field of the point source decreases with the increase of the straight-line distance from the radiation source, and satisfies the following inverse square relationship:
X=Γ·A/L2 X=Γ·A/L 2
式中,A为源的放射性活度,Γ为照射量率常数,L为距离点源的直线距离。where A is the radioactivity of the source, Γ is the exposure rate constant, and L is the straight-line distance from the point source.
由此,在某次已知点源照射参数的辐照事件中,若测得L,便可计算出H。Thus, in an irradiation event with known point source irradiation parameters, if L is measured, H can be calculated.
本发明中,各扇形支撑面11共轴心线布置,使用时各扇形支撑面11上由内到外沿着各圆弧线标记刻度111可放置多个样本,然后将遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架1移动至辐照位置,辐射点源(图中所示为中子发射头4)处于轴心线处,如图2所示,样本上下前后多层次围住辐射点源,多层次接收中子照射,大大提高中子的利用率,可最大程度利用辐射场宝贵空间,节约摆放、撤收样本时间。而各扇形支撑面上的同一圆弧线标记刻度上各点与中子发射头4的距离相同,因此单位时间具有相同的照射剂量,那么中子发射头4和遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架1的高度不变时,圆弧线标记刻度111上单位时间的照射剂量不变,根据上述原理可准确计算并标记各圆弧线标记刻度111距离点源的实际长度,进而可准确计算单位时间的照射剂量和总的照射剂量。In the present invention, each fan-shaped
为了方便遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架的定位,使辐射点源处于所述若干扇形支撑面的轴心线处,具体可在辐射点源前面或地板上设置定位销、定位孔或者其它定位机构,所述遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架上可对应设置定位孔、定位销或者其它定位机构来完成匹配定位。In order to facilitate the positioning of the remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack, the radiation point source is located at the axis of the several fan-shaped support surfaces. Specifically, positioning pins, positioning holes or other Positioning mechanism. Positioning holes, positioning pins or other positioning mechanisms can be correspondingly provided on the remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation frame to complete matching positioning.
另外,本发明的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架1结构简单,重量轻,因此移动轻便,样本在照射后可随之迅速离开辐射源。而且底部设有轮子131,轮子131的设置使得大批量样本点源辐射架移动起来更加方便快捷。In addition, the remote-controlled large-batch sample point
实施例2一种遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架Embodiment 2 A remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack
本发明的另一较佳实施例的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架2如图3所示,其与实施例1的区别在于扇形支撑面21,扇形支撑面21比扇形支撑面11的包围度更大,扇形支撑面21的圆心角为180°~240°,适合辐射点源较为凸出的情形。Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation stand 2 as shown in FIG. 3 , which differs from
实施例3一种遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架Embodiment 3 A remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation rack
本发明的另一较佳实施例的遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架3如图4所示,其与实施例1的区别在于扇形支撑面31,扇形支撑面31为半圆面板,包围度居于扇形支撑面11和扇形支撑面21之间。Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a remote-controlled mass sample point source irradiation stand 3 as shown in FIG. 4 , which differs from
较佳的,上述各实施例中,扇形支撑面与支撑杆可拆卸式连接;各扇形支撑面为可拆分拼接式面板,由若干小扇形板组装而成。可拆卸式的设置可便于取放样本。图5示出了实施例3的扇形支撑面31的一种拆分示意图,实施例1和实施例2也可做相似设计。扇形支撑面31由内到外共由7组小扇形板311组装而成,每组小扇形板11与点源之间的距离相同,照射剂量也相同,可分别放置样本。小扇形板311之间可设置凹凸扣进行定位和连接。Preferably, in the above embodiments, the fan-shaped support surface and the support rod are detachably connected; each fan-shaped support surface is a detachable and spliced panel assembled from several small fan-shaped plates. Detachable setup for easy access to samples. FIG. 5 shows a schematic disassembly of the fan-shaped
实施例4一种辐照实验室Embodiment 4 A kind of irradiation laboratory
图6示出了一种辐照实验室,其包括实施例3遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架3和辐射源5(比如中子发射器、钴60发射器等等),辐射源5固定在实验室中,辐射源5前面或地板上设有定位销或者定位孔,遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架对应设有定位孔或定位销。FIG. 6 shows an irradiation laboratory, which includes a remote-controlled mass sample point
辐射源5固定在辐照实验室内,遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架的本体可活动地置于辐照实验室内,遥控装置的室内无线收发模块132固定在辐照实验室中,室外控制器133设于辐照实验室外部。The
室内无线收发模块132和室外控制器133的分开设置,考虑的是由于辐照室屏蔽墙很厚,且常常建在较深的地下,外部电磁信号无法较好地穿透进入,故只能通过有线方式传入控制信号,然后再通过无线信号发射方式控制辐照架进行遥控运动。The separate setting of the indoor
较佳的,辐射源5前面或地板上设有定位销或者定位孔,遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架对应设有定位孔或定位销。Preferably, a positioning pin or a positioning hole is provided in front of the
较佳的,辐照实验室外部配有操作室6,室外控制器133设于操作室中;操作室中还设有观察用屏幕134,辐照实验室内部设有多角度耐辐射摄像头135用于摄像并通过有线方式传递至观察用屏幕134。Preferably, an
较佳的,在辐射源5和实验室门口之间设有导轨7,遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架4的轮子滚动设置在导轨7上。遥控式大批量样本点源辐照架4沿着导轨可快速地在门口与辐射源5之间移动,更加便于控制。Preferably, a
以上已对本发明创造的较佳实施例进行了具体说明,但本发明创造并不限于实施例,熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明创新的前提下还可作出种种的等同的变型或替换,这些等同的变型或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the present invention , these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
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