CN111555864B - Satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network and networking method thereof - Google Patents
Satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network and networking method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111555864B CN111555864B CN202010253682.2A CN202010253682A CN111555864B CN 111555864 B CN111555864 B CN 111555864B CN 202010253682 A CN202010253682 A CN 202010253682A CN 111555864 B CN111555864 B CN 111555864B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0855—Quantum cryptography involving additional nodes, e.g. quantum relays, repeaters, intermediate nodes or remote nodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention relates to a satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network and a networking method thereof. In the novel network of the present invention, a satellite network and a terrestrial network are included. The satellite network comprises a quantum satellite and a quantum satellite ground station unit, and the ground network comprises a ground node unit; the quantum satellite ground station unit comprises a quantum satellite ground station, a quantum key generation terminal and quantum key network exchange equipment for quantum key relay distribution, and the ground node unit comprises a quantum key generation terminal and quantum key network exchange equipment for quantum key relay distribution; the satellite network also comprises a quantum key network exchange strategy and service system which is used for being responsible for the routing strategy of quantum key network exchange equipment in the satellite network; and the ground network also comprises a quantum key network switching strategy and service system which is used for taking charge of the routing strategy of the quantum key network switching equipment in the ground network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of quantum communication, in particular to a satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network and a networking method thereof.
Background
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a process of preparing, transmitting, receiving, and purifying information using a quantum system to obtain a secure symmetric key that cannot be physically stolen by others, which can ensure that the keys obtained by both parties of communication are completely consistent, and any third party cannot obtain any information about the key. This step is typically implemented by the quantum key generating terminal.
In the prior art, the adoption of trusted relay is a practical solution for solving the problem of long-distance quantum key distribution, and the principle of the solution is shown in fig. 1. Assuming that quantum key distribution needs to be realized between communication nodes a and B which are far away from each other, a relay node 1 and a relay node 2 may be arranged between the communication nodes a and B to form a serial link; every two adjacent nodes carry out quantum key distribution, and three pairs of keys are respectively marked as K A1 、K 12 And K B2 (ii) a Session key K between nodes A and K A1 XOR to get K # K A1 And then transmitted over the network to the relay node 1, K ^ K A1 Firstly by using the key K at the relay node 1 A1 Decrypting the session key K, and combining the session key K and the key K 12 Performing XOR operation to obtain K # K 12 And then the session key K is transmitted to the relay node 2 through the network, and the process is repeated as before, and finally the session key K is solved at the node B, and finally the session key K is shared between the communication nodes A and B. This process is typically implemented by quantum key network switching devices (QKMs).
In the prior art, quantum key network switching devices (QKMs) in an area are generally accessed to a quantum key network switching policy and service System (QKMs) for management. The quantum key network exchange strategy and service system (QKMS) is responsible for generating and issuing key relay routes in the area of the quantum key network exchange strategy and service system, so that the quantum key can reach the correct opposite side.
After a quantum satellite 'ink number' and a quantum secure communication 'Jinghusu main line' are formed, a series of demonstration projects of wide-area quantum key distribution are developed based on the heaven-earth link and the earth link, wherein the demonstration projects comprise application demonstration of inter-Australia quantum secure video call, beijing to Wulu wood of people banks and national power grids. In these projects, a networking scheme is adopted as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in which a quantum key is distributed between a Quantum Satellite (QS) and a quantum satellite ground station (QSQKD), and the two quantum satellite ground stations (QSQKD) have a consistent quantum key through key relay. The quantum key is output to a quantum key network switching device (QKM) for storage. A quantum key network switching device (QKM) of the satellite network manages a quantum key network switching policy and service System (QKMs) for accessing the terrestrial network. When the application equipment (APP) needs to be encrypted, one end of communication initiates a task, a quantum key network exchange strategy and a service system (QKMS) issues a routing strategy, and the quantum key network exchange equipment (QKM) starts to carry out key relay hop by hop according to the strategy until the application equipment (namely the other end of communication) on the opposite end hung under the ground network.
In the prior art, a pair of quantum satellite ground stations (QSQKD) is generally considered equivalently as a pair of QKD devices of a ground network, and is simply divided within a certain specific ground network domain. The applicant has found through research that such networking mode of the prior art has at least the following disadvantages:
1. there is no clear boundary between the satellite network and the ground network, and two quantum satellite ground stations which are far apart are logically divided into the original ground network domain; meanwhile, the ground network connected to the quantum satellite ground station at the opposite end is also divided into the original ground network domain, which results in disordered key routing management.
2. The key generation of the satellite network has the characteristics of non-real time, small quantity and larger flow gap compared with the ground network, and if a key supply mode that the ground network is taken along with the need is adopted, the key on the link is easily and quickly consumed, so that the link is interrupted and cannot be used.
3. Compared with a ground network, the network topology change is small after the ground network is built, and only the extension of a tip or the butt joint requirement of two networks exists. Because pairwise pairing relations exist among all quantum satellite ground stations in the satellite network, as the ground stations in the satellite network and the ground networks accessed behind the ground stations are increased, each quantum satellite ground station is constructed equivalently to form a link with all the ground stations, the routing configuration work is complex, and the time required for upgrading and changing each time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network and a networking method thereof, wherein quantum key network exchange services in all satellite networks are independently managed in the satellite networks, so that the satellite networks which are not coupled with any ground network are formed, and an obvious routing domain management boundary is formed; meanwhile, aiming at the characteristics of the quantum key in the satellite network, the concepts of life cycle management, network isolation, quantum key output flow control and rate adaptation are innovatively provided, and the seamless butt joint between the satellite network and the ground network is realized while the independence and the expansibility of the whole distribution network are ensured.
The invention relates to a satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network, which comprises a satellite network and a ground network, wherein the satellite network comprises a quantum satellite and a quantum satellite ground station unit, and the ground network comprises a ground node unit; the quantum satellite ground station unit comprises a quantum satellite ground station, a quantum key generation terminal and quantum key network exchange equipment for quantum key relay distribution, and the ground node unit comprises a quantum key generation terminal and quantum key network exchange equipment for quantum key relay distribution; the satellite network also comprises a quantum key network exchange strategy and service system which is used for being responsible for the routing strategy of quantum key network exchange equipment in the satellite network; and the ground network also comprises a quantum key network exchange strategy and service system which is used for taking charge of the routing strategy of the quantum key network exchange equipment in the ground network.
Further, the terrestrial network is configured to interrogate a quantum key network exchange policy and service system in the satellite network and generate a cross-domain route when a quantum key in the satellite network is to be utilized.
Further, the quantum satellite ground station unit further comprises a quantum key service system for receiving and managing the quantum key generated in the quantum satellite ground station.
Still further, the quantum key service system is configured to manage a lifecycle of the quantum key.
Still further, the quantum key service system further comprises a network isolation module for providing logical or physical network isolation between the quantum satellite ground station and the ground network. The network isolation comprises one or more of double network card isolation, network gate equipment isolation and optical disk ferry machine isolation.
Further, the quantum satellite ground station unit also comprises quantum key input quantum key speed adaptation equipment; the quantum key service system is further configured to input the quantum key into the quantum key speed adaptation device according to key traffic requirements of the ground network; and the quantum key speed adaptation equipment performs output flow control and rate adaptation according to a cipher code specification aiming at the key flow requirement of the ground network, and inputs the quantum key into quantum key network switching equipment of the satellite network.
The invention also relates to a networking method of the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network, which comprises the following steps: constructing a satellite network by a quantum satellite and a quantum satellite ground station unit; constructing a ground network by the ground node unit; wherein the routing strategy of relay distribution of quantum keys in the satellite network is managed by a quantum key network exchange strategy and service system independent of the ground network.
Further, the networking method of the invention also comprises the step of carrying out life cycle management on the quantum key; and/or providing network isolation between the quantum satellite ground station and the ground network; and/or providing a quantum key to the terrestrial network according to the key traffic requirements of the terrestrial network.
Furthermore, in the step of providing the quantum key to the ground network according to the key traffic requirement of the ground network, the quantum key output flow control and the rate adaptation are performed according to the key traffic requirement of the ground network and a preset cipher specification.
The networking method of the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network is used for networking the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the principle of a trusted relaying scheme for quantum key distribution in the prior art;
fig. 2 and 3 schematically illustrate the principle of a networking scheme of a satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network in the prior art;
fig. 4 schematically illustrates a satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network and a networking method thereof.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are provided by way of illustration in order to fully convey the spirit of the invention to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein.
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution network of the present invention.
As shown, the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network includes a quantum satellite, a plurality of quantum satellite ground station units, and a plurality of ground node units.
The quantum satellite ground station unit may include a quantum satellite ground station, a quantum key generation terminal, and a quantum key network switching device, wherein: the quantum satellite ground station is used for communicating with a quantum satellite; the quantum key generation terminal is used for generating a quantum key; the quantum key network switching equipment is used for relay distribution of quantum keys.
The ground node unit may include a quantum key generation terminal and a quantum key network switching device, wherein: the quantum key generation terminal is used for generating a quantum key; the quantum key network switching equipment is used for relay distribution of quantum keys.
According to the present invention, a satellite network is constructed by a quantum satellite and a quantum satellite ground station unit, and a ground network is constructed by a ground node unit, and for example, a plurality of ground node units can be divided into different ground networks according to area distribution as in the prior art.
In the invention, a quantum key network exchange strategy and a service system are respectively arranged in the satellite network and each ground network and are used for being responsible for the routing strategy of quantum key network exchange equipment in the network. Under the network setting, when the ground network needs to realize the relay of the quantum key by the satellite network, the ground network can inquire the quantum key network exchange strategy and the service system in the satellite network and generate a corresponding cross-domain route, thereby realizing the cross-domain route communication of the ground network. Thus, the management of the quantum satellite ground station unit (i.e. the quantum key generated therein) will be independent of the ground network, i.e. there is no coupling with any ground network, thus forming an explicit routing domain management boundary. At this time, as those skilled in the art will readily understand, since the quantum satellite ground station unit and the quantum satellite constitute the satellite network separately and are managed independently in the satellite network, when the number of the satellite ground station nodes is increased or decreased in the satellite network, only the topological relation and the routing configuration of the nodes need to be changed within the satellite network, and the topology and the routing configuration of the ground network are not affected, which will make the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network of the present invention have strong independence and scalability, and at the same time, provide the possibility of independent management for the use of the limited quantum key amount in the satellite network.
In addition, a quantum key service system can be arranged in the quantum satellite ground station unit of the invention and is used for receiving and managing the quantum key generated in the quantum satellite ground station. For example, the quantum satellite ground station outputs the quantum key to a quantum key service system in the satellite network after generating the same quantum key. The quantum key service system can be configured to manage the quantum key life cycle, such as key acceptance, storage, activation, recovery, archiving, backup, logout, and the like, aiming at the characteristic that the quantum key in the satellite network has non-real-time generation and use.
Due to the existence of the quantum key service system, network isolation between a satellite (such as a quantum satellite ground station) and a ground network can also be realized by providing a logic isolation or physical isolation module in the quantum key service system. By way of example, such a logical or physical isolation module may be implemented in dual network card isolation, gatekeeper device isolation, optical disk ferry isolation.
In order to efficiently utilize the limited quantum key in the satellite network, the quantum satellite ground station unit of the invention can also comprise a quantum key input quantum key speed adaptation device.
In the quantum satellite ground station unit, the quantum key service system inputs a quantum key into the quantum key speed adaptation equipment according to the key traffic requirement of the ground network. The quantum key speed adaptation device performs output flow control and rate adaptation according to a cipher code specification aiming at the key flow requirement of the ground network, and inputs the quantum key into the quantum key network switching device by simulating a key input interface of the quantum key network switching device. By means of the quantum key speed adaptation equipment, the quantum keys in the satellite network can be ensured to be used orderly as required, thereby realizing seamless butt joint between the satellite network and the ground network,
through the introduction, the invention provides a new networking method on the premise of not changing the ground network architecture of the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network.
In the networking method, a quantum satellite and a quantum satellite ground station unit construct a satellite network, and a ground node unit constructs a ground network, wherein the relay distribution of a quantum key in the satellite network is managed by a quantum key network exchange strategy and a service system which are independent of the ground network, so that the decoupling between the satellite network and the ground network is realized, and the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network has strong independence and expandability.
In addition, the networking method of the invention can also comprise the step of carrying out life cycle management on the quantum key, such as the steps of receiving, storing, activating, recovering, archiving, backing up, logging out and the like of the key.
Further, the networking method of the present invention may further comprise the step of providing network isolation between the quantum satellite ground station and the ground network. By way of example, such network isolation may be logical isolation or physical isolation, such as dual network card isolation, gatekeeper device isolation, optical ferry isolation, or the like.
Further, the networking method of the present invention may further include the step of providing the quantum key to the ground network according to the key traffic requirements of the ground network. Specifically, in this step, quantum key output flow control and rate adaptation may be performed according to a key flow requirement of the ground network and according to a preset cipher specification.
Therefore, by means of the satellite-ground integrated quantum key network and the networking method thereof, the problems in the existing satellite-ground integrated network can be effectively solved, the satellite-ground integrated network with strong independence and expandability is realized, network isolation is provided between a satellite and a ground network, the efficient use of the quantum keys in the satellite network is realized, the advantages of the satellite network in the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network are utilized to the maximum extent, and the efficiency of the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in connection with the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described above are merely exemplary for illustrating the principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and that various combinations, modifications and equivalents of the above-described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network system comprises a satellite network and a ground network, wherein,
the satellite network comprises a quantum satellite and a quantum satellite ground station unit, and the ground network comprises a ground node unit;
the quantum satellite ground station unit comprises a quantum satellite ground station, a quantum key generation terminal and quantum key network exchange equipment for relay distribution of quantum keys, and the ground node unit comprises a quantum key generation terminal and quantum key network exchange equipment for relay distribution of quantum keys;
the satellite network also comprises a quantum key network exchange strategy and service system which is used for being responsible for the routing strategy of quantum key network exchange equipment in the satellite network; and also,
the ground network also comprises a quantum key network exchange strategy and service system which is used for being responsible for the routing strategy of the quantum key network exchange equipment in the ground network;
the quantum key network exchange strategy and the service system of the satellite network and the quantum key network exchange strategy and the service system of the ground network are mutually independent, and when the ground network needs to realize the relay of the quantum key by the satellite network, the ground network inquires the quantum key network exchange strategy and the service system in the satellite network and generates a corresponding cross-domain route, so that the cross-domain route communication of the ground network is realized.
2. The satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution network system of claim 1, wherein the terrestrial network is configured to interrogate a quantum key network exchange policy and service system in the satellite network and generate cross-domain routes when quantum keys in the satellite network are to be utilized.
3. The satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network system of claim 1, wherein the quantum satellite ground station unit further comprises a quantum key service system for receiving and managing quantum keys generated within the quantum satellite ground station.
4. The satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution network system of claim 3, wherein the quantum key service system is configured to manage a lifecycle of the quantum key.
5. The satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution network system of claim 3, wherein the quantum key service system further comprises a network isolation module to provide logical or physical network isolation between the quantum satellite ground station and the ground network.
6. The star-to-earth quantum key distribution network system of claim 5, wherein the network isolation comprises one or more of dual network card isolation, gatekeeper device isolation, and CD ferry isolation.
7. The satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution network system of claim 3, wherein the quantum satellite ground station unit further comprises a quantum key speed adaptation device;
the quantum key service system is further configured to input the quantum key into the quantum key speed adaptation device according to key traffic requirements of the ground network; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
and the quantum key speed adaptation equipment performs output flow control and rate adaptation according to the cipher code specification aiming at the key flow requirement of the ground network, and inputs the quantum key into quantum key network switching equipment of the satellite network.
8. A networking method of a satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network comprises the following steps:
constructing a satellite network by a quantum satellite, a quantum key network exchange strategy and service system and a quantum satellite ground station unit, wherein the quantum key network exchange strategy and service system is used for being responsible for a routing strategy of quantum key network exchange equipment in the satellite network;
constructing a ground network by a ground node unit and a quantum key network exchange strategy and service system, wherein the quantum key network exchange strategy and service system is used for taking charge of a routing strategy of quantum key network exchange equipment in the ground network; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the quantum satellite ground station unit comprises a quantum satellite ground station, a quantum key generation terminal and quantum key network exchange equipment for relay distribution of quantum keys;
the ground node unit comprises a quantum key generation terminal and quantum key network exchange equipment for relay distribution of quantum keys;
and when the ground network needs to realize the relay of the quantum key by virtue of the satellite network, the ground network inquires the quantum key network exchange strategy and the service system in the satellite network and generates a corresponding cross-domain route, thereby realizing the cross-domain route communication of the ground network.
9. The networking method of the star-to-earth quantum key distribution network according to claim 8, further comprising the step of performing lifecycle management on the quantum key; and/or providing network isolation between the quantum satellite ground station and the ground network; and/or providing a quantum key to the ground network according to the key traffic requirements of the ground network.
10. The networking method of the star-earth quantum key distribution network according to claim 9, wherein in the step of providing the quantum key to the ground network according to the key traffic requirement of the ground network, the quantum key output flow control and rate adaptation are performed according to the key traffic requirement of the ground network and according to a preset cipher specification.
11. The networking method of the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network according to any one of claims 8 to 10, which is used for the satellite-ground integrated quantum key distribution network system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN114337996B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2024-03-01 | 广东国科量子通信网络有限公司 | Star-ground integrated quantum network and key pool control method thereof |
| CN113691313A (en) * | 2021-07-04 | 2021-11-23 | 河南国科量子通信网络有限公司 | Satellite-ground integrated quantum key link virtualization application service system |
| CN113676315B (en) * | 2021-07-04 | 2024-04-30 | 河南国科量子通信技术应用研究院 | Slicing application method of star-ground integrated quantum network |
| CN113572610A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-10-29 | 济南量子技术研究院 | Quantum communication network based on satellite relay and networking method |
| CN113765665B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-08 | 济南量子技术研究院 | Block chain network based on quantum key and data secure transmission method |
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