CN109842442B - Quantum key service method taking airport as regional center - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quantum key service method taking an airport as a regional center, which mainly solves the technical problem of constructing a scale quantum communication network; the method of the invention is that the sharing key is distributed among quantum center nodes of different airports through a secure channel; quantum key is negotiated and shared between the quantum center node and the quantum service node through a QKD system link; and the application terminals negotiate the session key on line through the quantum key service network center. The invention can not only improve the safety of the airport communication, management and control, monitoring and other business system networks, but also conveniently provide quantum key flow injection service for high-end business travel people, and has better service efficiency and access flexibility, better technical feasibility and cost performance; has wide application prospect in the field of network security.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quantum key service by using a quantum communication network and the Internet, in particular to a quantum key service method taking an airport as a regional center.
Background
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a novel method of secure key distribution over quantum channels. QKD is based on quantum mechanics principle that quantum state can not be cloned accurately and the quantum key distribution without condition can be realized. However, since QKD networks require dedicated optical fiber channels, there are technical difficulties in non-landing quantum relay technology and quantum routing, and the laying and maintenance of quantum networks with complex topologies is difficult and expensive. In fact, the core function of the quantum communication network is to provide quantum key service for users, and the centralized network has the advantages of convenience and quickness in service, conforms to the national network security management and control strategy, and is beneficial to the management and control of sensitive information by countries, enterprises and institutions. Under the current technical conditions, the remote delivery service by using the airplane has higher cost performance and efficiency, and the quantum key service network established by taking the airport as the center can improve the safety of the airport service network and conveniently provide quantum key access service for high-end business travelers. The method has good technical feasibility and wide application market by using the airport as the regional center to construct the quantum key service network platform covering the whole country.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problem of building a scale quantum communication network and realize safe, efficient and cost-effective quantum key service, the invention provides a quantum key service network taking an airport as a regional center, which is characterized by comprising but not limited to one or more airport quantum communication subnets and a safe channel between the airport quantum communication subnets; the airport quantum communication sub-network comprises but is not limited to a quantum center node, a plurality of quantum service nodes, quantum optical fiber channels connecting the quantum center node and the quantum service nodes and a public communication network; the quantum center node includes, but is not limited to, a transmitting end or/and a receiving end of a plurality of QKD systems (multiple paths can be switched by a matrix optical switch to achieve the purpose of multiplexing the transmitting end or the receiving end), a quantum random number generator module, a password management server (a plurality of password management servers which are logically isolated from each other can be set for different service networks), a quantum key storage server (a plurality of quantum key storage servers which are logically isolated from each other can be set for different service networks), one or more quantum key secure storage mobile devices, and an optical transceiver module for optical fiber communication; the quantum service node comprises but is not limited to a receiving end or/and a transmitting end of one or more QKD systems (one or more QKD systems are formed by the transmitting end or the receiving end of the quantum center node), a quantum random number generator module, a quantum key storage server, a quantum key service application interface and an optical transceiver module for optical fiber communication; the quantum service node provides registration service or quantum key flow injection service for the application terminal through a quantum key service application interface and creates a service relationship list; constructing a quantum key service network service center (marked as QKSC) unified in the whole network based on the quantum center nodes; the QKSC responds to an application terminal request in real time, searches a quantum center node associated with the application terminal according to a service relation list, and specifies the quantum center node to distribute a session key for the application terminal; the optical transceiver module of the optical fiber communication is used for classical data communication between the quantum center node and the quantum service node and provides a synchronous clock for the QKD system.
In order to realize the network function, the deployment method of the airport quantum communication subnet comprises but is not limited to:
(2-1) the deployment positions of the quantum center nodes comprise but are not limited to a management and control center of an airport business network;
(2-2) the deployment positions of the quantum service nodes include, but are not limited to, a management and control machine room of an airport service network, a router and a VPN gateway machine room of the airport service network, a network service point in a waiting hall, an airplane docking point, a high-speed rail station service network machine room, and a business network machine room of enterprises and institutions (wherein, the quantum service nodes of the high-speed rail station service network machine room can provide quantum key services for application terminals and passenger mobile application terminals of the high-speed rail station service network, and the business network machine room of the enterprises and institutions can provide quantum key services for application terminals and other application terminals of the business network of the enterprises and institutions);
(2-3) laying quantum communication optical fibers or multiplexing laid optical fiber lines between the quantum center node and each quantum service node; at least one QKD link is formed between each quantum service node and each quantum center node to form a star network taking the quantum center nodes as centers.
Further, the secure channel between the airport quantum communication subnetworks in the network includes, but is not limited to, an offline channel and a quantum satellite channel, wherein (3-1) the offline channel is: the quantum center node of the airport quantum communication subnet prepares a certain amount of quantum random numbers by using a quantum random number generator module and adds a key identification, then encrypts the quantum random numbers and the key identification together (for example, a result obtained by carrying out XOR operation on a root key shared in advance with another quantum center node and a random variable is used as a working key for encryption; the quantum key safe storage mobile device is sent to another airport by an airplane and is safely injected into a quantum center node of the airport quantum communication sub-network, and the quantum center node of the airport quantum communication sub-network decrypts and shares the quantum random number and the key identification; (3-2) the quantum satellite channels are: and negotiating a shared quantum key for the two ground stations by using a QKD channel between the quantum satellite and the ground station, and then distributing the shared quantum key to a quantum center node of the airport quantum communication sub-network by using a quantum key distribution link between the ground station and the quantum center node of the airport quantum communication sub-network.
Further, the functions of the password management server employed in the network include, but are not limited to, security management of quantum key storage and applications, encryption and decryption of quantum key agreement protocol interaction data, and encryption and decryption of data transmitted over a public communication network.
Further, the functions of the quantum random number generator module adopted in the network include, but are not limited to, generating quantum random numbers according to system requirements, performing randomness tests on the quantum random numbers, segmenting the quantum random numbers passing the randomness tests to form sub-keys and create key identifications, and performing secure storage on the sub-keys and the key identifications.
Further, the method for providing the registration service for the application terminal by the network includes but is not limited to: (6-1) the user applies for network access registration to a quantum service node, the quantum service node acquires biological characteristic data (the biological characteristics include but are not limited to fingerprints, vein patterns, irises and facial characteristics) of the user by using an application terminal of the user, the quantum service node distributes a unique user identity number and a root key RK in a network for the application terminal of the user, and the unique user identity number and the root key RK are safely stored (including but not limited to encrypted storage) into the application terminal or a permanent storage medium of the user; and (6-2) the quantum service node encrypts and sends the biological characteristic data of the user, the user identity number and the root key to the quantum center node.
In order to provide quantum key service for scale users by utilizing the network, the invention also provides a quantum key service method taking an airport as a regional center, which is characterized in that: (7-1) distributing shared keys among quantum center nodes of quantum communication subnetworks of different airports through a secure channel, namely, generating by one quantum center node and transmitting to another quantum center node through the secure channel; (7-2) negotiating and sharing a quantum key between a quantum center node and a quantum service node of the airport quantum communication sub-network through a QKD system link; (7-3) the shared session key negotiation method between application terminals includes, but is not limited to: (7-3-1) the method for providing services for the application terminal (marked as AT) of the airport business network by the quantum service node through the quantum key service application interface comprises the following steps: the quantum center node plans a shared Key (marked as Key _ CT) between the quantum center node and the AT and an intercommunication Key (marked as Key _ TT) between different ATs and respectively creates Key identifications; the quantum center node encrypts Key _ CT and Key _ TT by adopting a shared quantum Key between the quantum center node and the quantum service node and sends the encrypted Key _ CT and Key _ TT to each quantum service node, and the quantum service nodes respectively inject the decrypted Key _ CT and Key _ TT into corresponding application terminals through a safety interface according to Key identification;
(7-3-2) the quantum service node provides services for the mobile application terminal (marked as MT) outside the airport business network through a quantum key service application interface: the quantum service node provides registration service and quantum key flow injection service according to MT application, and creates a service relationship list; the quantum service node encrypts and sends the service relationship list to the quantum center node, and the quantum center node synchronizes the service relationship list to the QKSC; the QKSC provides quantum key service for the MT according to the service relationship list, that is, when two application terminals MT _ a and MT _ B need to share a quantum key, MT _ a requests the quantum key shared with MT _ B from the QKSC, the QKSC searches a quantum center node associated with MT _ a and MT _ B, if MT _ a and MT _ B are the same, the QKSC specifies that the quantum center node generates a session key, the quantum center node encrypts the session key by using a sub-key of quantum key traffic shared with MT _ a and MT _ B and sends the session key to MT _ a and MT _ B, respectively (if the quantum key traffic of MT _ a and MT _ B is stored in quantum service node a and quantum service node B, the quantum center node encrypts the session key by using the shared quantum key between quantum service node a and quantum service node B, respectively, the session key is encrypted by the quantum service node A and the quantum service node B respectively by using a sub-key of quantum key flow shared with the MT _ A and the MT _ B and is sent to the MT _ A and the MT _ B), and the MT _ A and the MT _ B are respectively decrypted and obtain a shared session key; if the quantum center nodes associated with MT _ A and MT _ B are quantum center node A and quantum center node B, respectively, then QKSC designates quantum center node A to select a quantum key shared with quantum center node B as a session key, quantum center node A and quantum center node B encrypt the session key using a sub-key of quantum key traffic shared with MT _ A and MT _ B, respectively, and send the encrypted session key to MT _ A and MT _ B (if the quantum key traffic of MT _ A and MT _ B is stored in quantum service node A and quantum service node B, quantum center node A and quantum center node B encrypt the session key using the shared quantum key between quantum service node A and quantum service node B, respectively, and send the encrypted session key to quantum service node A and quantum service node B, respectively, quantum service node A and quantum service node B decrypt and obtain the session key, then the quantum service node A and the quantum service node B respectively encrypt the session key by using a sub-key of quantum key flow shared with the MT _ A and the MT _ B and send the session key to the MT _ A and the MT _ B), and the MT _ A and the MT _ B respectively decrypt and obtain a shared session key; and the quantum center node, the quantum service node and the application terminal respectively adopt the same strategy to safely delete the used quantum key flow, the quantum key and the session key.
Further, the information included in the service relationship list in the method includes, but is not limited to, an identity of the application terminal, a key identifier of quantum key traffic, and a network address identifier of a quantum service node and a quantum center node associated with the application terminal; the information contained in the key identification includes, but is not limited to, an ID of a network where a quantum service node generating the key data is located, a key data number, a key data length, and integrity check information.
Further, the network also comprises a quantum key secure storage mobile device which is provided with a secure storage medium (including but not limited to secure storage media including but not limited to system memory, a secure U disk and an SD password card), a data output protection device (including but not limited to a quantum key reading counter, corresponding data is deleted after the data is read or illegally output, and the counter displays the data residual quantity which is not read or illegally output in real time), and a secure storage medium protection device (including but not limited to a digital password box).
Further, the data encryption/decryption in the method includes, but is not limited to, using a one-time pad encryption algorithm and a data encryption standard algorithm; the encryption/decryption of the one-time pad encryption algorithm is realized by directly carrying out XOR operation on the plaintext/ciphertext data by adopting a quantum key; the encryption/decryption of the data encryption standard algorithm is encryption/decryption operation by adopting the same quantum key as a working key.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable technical advantages:
(1) the quantum key service network is built by taking the airport as the center, so that the safety of the airport communication, control, monitoring and other business networks can be improved, and the quantum key flow injection service can be conveniently provided for high-end business travelers; (2) the airport is used as the regional center to construct a quantum key service network platform covering the whole country, so that the technical feasibility and the cost performance are better; (3) based on a unified quantum key service platform, the flexibility and efficiency of quantum key service can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the topology and service access method of the airport quantum communication subnet of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a QKD system deployment method for an airport quantum communication sub-network in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the topology and application of the quantum key service network with an airport as a center of an area according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, and embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
The encryption and decryption related in the scheme of the invention have consistency, namely a certain key and an encryption algorithm are selected to encrypt certain data to obtain a ciphertext, and the corresponding key and the decryption algorithm are selected to decrypt the ciphertext during decryption; for encryption/decryption by adopting a one-time pad encryption algorithm, directly adopting a quantum key and plaintext/ciphertext data to carry out XOR operation; for encryption/decryption by adopting a data encryption standard algorithm, firstly, shared quantum keys are arranged into a plurality of working keys of a cryptographic algorithm, encryption/decryption operation is carried out on data by adopting the working keys, and the replacement frequency of the working keys is improved.
The communication channel involved in the scheme of the invention comprises: a safety channel formed between the airport quantum communication subnetworks in an airplane transfer mode or a quantum communication satellite mode; a quantum key distribution channel and a public communication network channel (including wired and wireless networks) between the quantum center node and the quantum service node, a wireless communication network channel between the application terminals, and a wireless communication network channel between the application terminals and the quantum key service network center; besides the quantum key distribution needs to occupy the quantum channel, other network communication processes all adopt the traditional public communication network.
The application terminal (or mobile application terminal) in the solution of the present invention includes but is not limited to smart phones and portable communication terminals, etc., the application terminal is configured with a permanent memory for storing key data, an SD password card and a flash memory card; the application terminal is provided with a hardware module supporting wireless network access capability, a processor with enough computing capability, can perform data encryption and decryption processing, can normally run client software of the quantum key service network application system, and can perform data interaction with server software of the quantum key service network application system based on a wireless communication network (such as a 4G network); when the quantum key flow obtained by the application terminal is used up, the application terminal can apply for the quantum key flow to any one quantum service node, and if the application terminal applies for obtaining the shared quantum key flow from the non-originally registered quantum service node, the non-originally registered quantum service node needs to establish a new service relationship list after providing the shared quantum key flow for the application terminal.
The data requiring secure storage (including but not limited to encrypted storage) involved in the method of the present invention mainly includes but is not limited to: quantum key generated by the quantum center node, quantum key flow generated by the quantum service node, and registration information and a service relationship list of the application terminal collected by the quantum service node.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the topology and service access method of the airport quantum communication sub-network of the present invention, the airport quantum communication sub-network is composed of a quantum center node (bja) and 16 quantum service nodes (a, a), which form a star topology network, wherein the QKD system deployment of the airport quantum communication sub-network is as shown in fig. 2, the quantum center node is connected to the receiving ends (R, R) of 8 QKD systems through 8 ports of two 4 matrix optical switches of 8 matrix optical switches, and is connected to the sending ends (S, S) of QKD systems of 16 quantum service nodes through the other 16 ports of two 4 matrix optical switches of 4 matrix optical switches, R and R can simultaneously form QKD links with 4 of S, and S through the matrix optical switches, the R, and R can simultaneously form QKD links with 4 of S, and S, the random number generator (ng) in the quantum center node is configured with a security output interface P, each of the airport quantum service node is configured with the application API, and the airport quantum service access terminal provides the service API for the mobile network.
The topology and application of the airport-centric quantum key service network of the present invention are schematically shown in fig. 3, which includes but is not limited to airport quantum communication subnetworks BJ _ A, SH _ B, CD _ B and GZ _ a of 4 airports, wherein the shared quantum key between the airport quantum communication subnetworks is delivered by the civil airliner by means of the quantum key secure storage mobile device (for example, 1TB of quantum key is delivered once a day for the next day, which is equivalent to a quantum key distribution rate of more than 10MB/s, which is 1000 times the quantum key distribution rate (less than 10KB/s) of the current "jinghu quantum trunk"; the application terminals U and V adopt the method of the invention to obtain the service of the online negotiation session key through the quantum key service network center.
The quantum key service method based on the airport serving as the regional center is also suitable for constructing a quantum key service network taking an urban area, a camp area or other geographic coordinates as the regional service center, and the method belongs to the protection scope of the invention for the condition that the definition of the regional center or the regional service center is different without other substantial differences.
Claims (4)
1. A quantum key service method taking an airport as a regional center is characterized in that: sharing quantum keys are distributed among quantum center nodes of quantum communication subnetworks of different airports through a secure channel, namely, one quantum center node generates and transmits the quantum keys to the other quantum center node through the secure channel; a quantum key is negotiated and shared between a quantum center node and a quantum service node of the airport quantum communication sub-network through a quantum key distribution system; the quantum center node and the quantum service node provide session key service for the application terminal, and the session key service comprises the following steps:
the method for providing the service for the application terminal of the airport business network by the quantum service node through the quantum key service application interface comprises the following steps: the quantum center node plans a shared key between the quantum center node and the application terminal and an intercommunication key between different application terminals and respectively creates key identifications; the quantum center node encrypts a shared key and an intercommunication key by adopting a shared quantum key between the quantum center node and the quantum service node and sends the encrypted shared key and the intercommunication key to each quantum service node, and the quantum service nodes respectively inject the decrypted shared key and the decrypted intercommunication key into corresponding application terminals through a safety interface according to key identification;
the method for providing service for the mobile application terminal outside the airport service network by the quantum service node through the quantum key service application interface comprises the following steps: the quantum service node provides registration service and quantum key flow injection service according to the application of the mobile application terminal, and creates a service relationship list; the quantum service node encrypts and sends the service relationship list to the quantum center node, and the quantum center node synchronizes the service relationship list to the quantum key service center; the quantum key service center provides quantum key service for the mobile application terminals according to the service relationship list, namely, one mobile application terminal requests a quantum key sharing with the other mobile application terminal to the quantum key service center, the quantum key service center searches quantum center nodes associated with the two mobile application terminals, if the quantum center nodes associated with the two mobile application terminals are the same, the quantum key service center designates the quantum center nodes to generate a session key, the quantum center nodes respectively utilize a sub-key of quantum key flow shared with the two mobile application terminals to encrypt the session key and send the session key to the two mobile application terminals, and the two mobile application terminals respectively decrypt and obtain the shared session key; if the quantum center nodes associated with the two mobile application terminals are respectively a first quantum center node and a second quantum center node, the quantum key service center designates the first quantum center node to select a quantum key shared with the second quantum center node as a session key, the first quantum center node and the second quantum center node respectively encrypt the session key by using a sub-key of quantum key flow shared with the two mobile application terminals and send the encrypted session key to the two mobile application terminals, and the two mobile application terminals respectively decrypt and obtain shared session keys; and the quantum center node, the quantum service node and the application terminal respectively adopt the same strategy to safely delete the used quantum key flow, the quantum key and the session key.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the information contained in the service relationship list comprises an identity of the application terminal, a key identifier of the quantum key traffic, and a network address identifier of the quantum service node and the quantum center node associated with the application terminal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the encryption or the decryption comprises encryption or decryption by adopting a one-time pad encryption algorithm or a data encryption standard algorithm; the encryption or decryption of the one-time pad encryption algorithm is realized by directly carrying out XOR operation on the plaintext or ciphertext data by adopting a quantum key; the encryption or decryption of the data encryption standard algorithm is encryption or decryption operation by adopting the same quantum key as a working key.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the information contained in the key identifier comprises an ID of a network where a quantum service node generating the key data is located, a key data number, a key data length, and integrity check information.
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| CN111934871B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-25 | 南京易科腾信息技术有限公司 | Quantum key management service core network, system and quantum key negotiation method |
| CN114513781A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-17 | 青岛民航空管实业发展有限公司 | Identity authentication method and data encryption and decryption method for air traffic control intelligent station |
| CN114553418A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-05-27 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Service method, device, system and terminal |
| CN116089989B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-08-01 | 广东广宇科技发展有限公司 | Data iterative encryption processing method for offline data terminal |
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| US7103185B1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2006-09-05 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for distributing and updating private keys of multicast group managers using directory replication |
| US7577257B2 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2009-08-18 | Verizon Services Operations, Inc. | Large scale quantum cryptographic key distribution network |
| JP5288087B2 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2013-09-11 | 日本電気株式会社 | Encryption key management method and apparatus in a secret communication network |
| CN102196425B (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-04-03 | 安徽量子通信技术有限公司 | Quantum-key-distribution-network-based mobile encryption system and communication method thereof |
| ES2509816T3 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2014-10-20 | Selex Es S.P.A. | System for the distribution of cryptographic keys |
| US9509506B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2016-11-29 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Quantum key management |
| CN105357000A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-24 | 安徽问天量子科技股份有限公司 | Quantum secrete key distribution method and system based on low-altitude aircraft, communication network, and communication method |
| CN106507344B (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-11-26 | 浙江神州量子网络科技有限公司 | Quantum communication system and its communication means |
| CN106792677A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江神州量子网络科技有限公司 | A kind of authentication method and Verification System of mobile terminal binding pertinent service |
| CN107094076B (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-09-25 | 江苏亨通问天量子信息研究院有限公司 | Secret communication method based on quantum true random number and communication system |
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