CN111551694A - Slope instability experimental device and method with rainfall and overload as inducers - Google Patents
Slope instability experimental device and method with rainfall and overload as inducers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111551694A CN111551694A CN202010587091.9A CN202010587091A CN111551694A CN 111551694 A CN111551694 A CN 111551694A CN 202010587091 A CN202010587091 A CN 202010587091A CN 111551694 A CN111551694 A CN 111551694A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- slope
- rainfall
- box body
- model box
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a slope instability experimental device and method with rainfall and overload as inducements, which consists of a model box body, a slope model, a rainfall simulation device, an overload simulation device, a slope inclination device and a monitoring system. The side slope model sets up in the model box, and the model box is a transparent and open cuboid in top. The rainfall simulation device transmits water flow to a water supply main pipe through a water inlet pipe, and the water supply main pipe is connected with a branch pipe at the top, so that the water flow flows in a rainfall pipe network and is sprayed to the side slope model through a rainfall spray head. The overload simulation device simulates overload of the slope top surface through the follow-up loading device and changes the stress position of the slope top surface by utilizing the sliding slide block. The slope inclining device comprises a supporting base and a jacking device. The monitoring system obtains related data through the tester and the reading instrument and processes the data through the computer terminal. The experimental device can ideally simulate and monitor the deformation instability of the slope under the coupling condition of the rainfall infiltration effect and the overload additional stress effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a slope instability experimental device and an experimental method taking rainfall and overload as inducements, which are mainly used for simulating slope instability experimental research, namely for researching the deformation instability of a slope under the coupling condition of a rainfall infiltration effect and an overload additional stress effect, monitoring the change relationship among pore water pressure, matrix suction and water content of rock and soil bodies in the slope under a rainfall state, and the formation of stress and strain state and the change relationship with time under an overload state, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the stability analysis and disaster prevention of various slopes, and belonging to the field of geotechnical engineering experimental devices.
Background
The area of mountains and highlands accounts for about 70% of the total area of the homeland, and there are many artificial slopes excavated or filled for engineering reasons, which are called side slopes. Slope instability is one of the most common disasters in geological disasters and is a problem frequently encountered in engineering construction. The instability of the side slope influences the engineering quality and the construction progress if the side slope is unstable, and causes serious losses of casualties and national economy if the side slope is unstable. For example, 6.5.2009 in Chongqing, Wulong iron mine village cocktail mountain had a serious landslide accident with a landslide body length of over 600 m and a height of about 40 m, and a collapsed volume of nearly 200 million cubic meters, and at least 87 people were buried due to the accident.
Therefore, the problem of slope stability is often a major concern in civil engineering and hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering. Slope instability is induced by a coupling of many external and internal factors, with continuous rainfall and topsides overload being the most common external inducing factors. Therefore, the research on the instability mechanism of the side slope under the coupling condition of continuous rainfall and slope top surface overload is very necessary, the research on the triggering mechanism of the instability of the side slope under the coupling condition of the continuous rainfall and the slope top surface overload provides more theoretical bases for preventing the instability of the side slope. The current research means mainly comprises field test, model experiment, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, and in the method, because the field test of the wild slope under the actual condition has higher realization cost and higher difficulty, the indoor model experiment is one of important and effective methods for researching the subject.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a slope instability experimental device and an experimental method taking rainfall and overload as inducements for overcoming the defects and the irrelevancy of the prior art, which can simultaneously consider the coupling effect of stress field changes of a slope caused by continuous rainfall and slope top surface overload and can finish a slope instability simulation experiment under the condition of coupling continuous rainfall and slope top surface overload indoors.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a slope instability experimental device taking rainfall and overload as inducement comprises a model box body 1, a slope model 2, a rainfall simulation device, an overload simulation device, a slope inclination device and a monitoring system; the model box body 1 is a transparent cuboid with an opening at the upper part, a side slope model 2 is filled in the model box body 1, and the rainfall simulation device comprises a water storage tank 3, a water pump 4, a water inlet pipe 5, an electronic flow controller 6, a main water supply pipe 10, a valve 11, an angle steel support rod 12, a support 13, a top branch pipe 14, a rainfall spray head 15, a drain hole 18 and a water collecting tank 19; the overload simulation device comprises a slide block 22, a slide way 23, a follow-up loading device 24, a loading device hinge 25, a loading plate 26, a pressure instrument 27 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 28; the slope inclination device comprises a supporting base 32 and a jacking device 33, and the monitoring system comprises a cable 34, a test instrument lead hole 35, a displacement meter 36, a water content tester 37, a pore water pressure tester 38, a stress monitor 39, a reading instrument 40, a temperature detector 41, a camera 42 and a computer terminal 43;
the water storage tank 3 is connected with a water pump 4 through a water inlet pipe 5, an electronic flow controller 6 is arranged at the outlet of the water pump 4, the water inlet end of a main water supply pipe 10 is connected with the electronic flow controller 6, the water outlet end is communicated with a top branch pipe 14 through a valve 11, the angle steel support rods 12 are supported right above four corners of a model box body 1, a bracket 13 is supported between the angle steel support rods 12, the top branch pipe 14 is fixed on the bracket 13, a plurality of rainfall sprayers 15 are connected below the top branch pipe 14, a slide rail 23 is installed between two side walls above the model box body 1, a slide block 22 is installed on the slide rail 23, a pressure instrument 27 is installed on the slide block 22 and is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller 28, a loading plate 26 is placed on the top surface of a slope model 2, a follow-up loading device 24 is placed on the loading plate 26 and is connected with the, the bottom of the slope foot side of the model box body 1 is provided with a drain hole 18, a water collecting tank 19 is installed outside the slope foot side of the model box body 1, the front surface of the model box body 1 is provided with a plurality of test instrument lead holes 35 according to the position required by an experiment, a displacement meter 36, a water content tester 37, a pore water pressure tester 38 and a stress monitor 39 are installed in the slope model 2, the displacement meter 36, the water content tester 37, the pore water pressure tester 38 and the stress monitor 39 are all connected with a reading instrument 40 through cables 34 penetrating through the test instrument lead holes 35, the reading instrument 40 is connected with a computer terminal 43, a supporting base 32 and a jacking device 33 are respectively positioned at two sides of the bottom end of the model box body 1, and a camera 42 is installed outside the model box body 1 and is opposite.
Specifically, the PLC controller 28 includes a control button 29 and a display screen 30, the pressure gauge 27 and the control button 29 are electrically connected to an input terminal of the PLC controller 28, and an output terminal of the PLC controller 28 is electrically connected to the display screen 30.
Preferably, a temperature detector 41 connected with the PLC 28 is installed on the slideway 23.
Preferably, the water supply main pipe 10 is provided with a flow meter 8 and a flow meter 9, and the water pump 4 is a self-priming water pump.
Preferably, the electronic flow controller 6 is simultaneously communicated with the water inlet end of the return pipe 7, and the water outlet end of the return pipe 7 is positioned above the water storage tank 3.
Preferably, the follow-up loading device 24 is more than two hydraulic jacks.
Specifically, the top branch pipe 14 comprises two transverse water distribution pipes which are communicated with each other, the rainfall spray nozzle 15 is an agricultural plastic three-head watering spray nozzle, and the lower part of the top branch pipe 14 is connected with the rainfall spray nozzle 15 sequentially through a joint 16 and a flexible pipe 17 which can stretch and rotate in an angle.
Preferably, a fan 20 is arranged below the slope foot side of the model box body 1, and the fan 20 is connected with a fan switch 21.
Specifically, the model box body 1 is a cuboid with an upper opening, the five surfaces of the model box body are made of high-transparency organic glass and are detachable devices through buckles, the length and the width of the model box body 1 are consistent with those of a slope model 2 required by experiment practice, the height of the front surface of the model box body 1 is controlled between a loading plate 26 and a slideway 23, the heights of the other surfaces of the model box body are controlled to be 10cm higher than the topmost position of a slide block 22 on the slideway 23, and the height of an angle steel support rod 12 is controlled to ensure that the distance between the slide block 22 and a rainfall spray head 15 is not less than 10 cm; the water collecting tank 19 is an organic glass cuboid with an opening at the upper part and is fixedly connected with the slope toe side of the model box body 1 through a buckle, the length of the water collecting tank 19 is 20% of the length of the model box body 1, the width of the water collecting tank is consistent with the width of the model box body, and the height of the water collecting tank is consistent with the height of the slope toe of the side slope model 2; the radius of the drain holes 18 is not less than 2cm, the number of the drain holes is more than 3, and the distance between the adjacent two rows of the drain holes 18 is not less than 4 cm.
An experimental method of the slope instability experimental device with rainfall and overload as inducements comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing high-transparency organic glass according to the size of a model box body 1 required by an experiment, installing the prepared high-transparency organic glass to form a detachable model box body 1, and keeping the front side of the detachable model box body not installed and keeping the other four sides of the detachable model box body installed perfectly; preparing materials for experiments, configuring similar materials in a set proportion in a model box body 1 according to experiment requirements to build a side slope model 2, spraying water mist during building so as to achieve designed water content and wet density, and determining the size of the side slope model 2 according to actual engineering general profile and the similar ratio; arranging a displacement meter 36, a water content tester 37, a pore water pressure tester 38 and a stress monitor 39 according to the positions required by the experiment in the stacking process and connecting the displacement meter, the water content tester 37, the pore water pressure tester 38 and the stress monitor 39 with a cable 34;
step 2, filling the model box body 1 with the side slope model 2, naturally solidifying for one day, installing the front side of the model box body 1, enabling the cable 34 to penetrate through the lead hole 35 of the testing instrument to be connected with the reading instrument 40, enabling the reading instrument 40 to be connected with the computer terminal 43, arranging a fan 20 below the slope toe side of the model box body 1, and simulating wind power in natural rainfall by using the fan 20;
step 3, before use, injecting experimental water into the water storage tank 3, continuously supplementing water in the experimental process to ensure sufficient experimental water consumption, arranging an electronic flow controller 6 and a return pipe 7 at an outlet of the water pump 4, controlling the flow of the rainfall spray head 15 through the electronic flow controller 6, and selecting the parameter type of the water pump 4 according to the required rainfall simulation intensity to enable the simulated rainfall to be more uniform as much as possible;
step 4, mounting angle steel support rods 12 and brackets 13 above four corners of the model box body, and then configuring a rainfall pipe network; the rainfall pipe network consists of top branch pipes 14, and a plurality of rainfall sprayers 15 are arranged below the top branch pipes 14;
step 5, fixedly connecting the water collecting tank 19 with the model box body 1 through a buckle, and draining the rainfall into the water collecting tank 19 through a drainage hole 18 at the bottom of the slope foot side of the model box body 1 after the rainfall infiltrates into the slope model 2;
step 6, installing an overload simulation device, wherein the overload simulation device comprises a slide block 22, a slide rail 23, a follow-up loading device 24, a loading device hinge 25, a loading plate 26, a pressure instrument 27 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 28; a temperature detector 41 is arranged on the slide way and is connected with the PLC 28;
step 7, the follow-up loading device 24 is placed on the loading plate 26 and is connected with the slide block 22 through the loading device hinge 25, and the slide block 22 is detachably and slidably mounted on the slide way 23;
step 8, configuring a pressure instrument 27 on the sliding block 22, connecting the pressure instrument 27 to a PLC (programmable logic controller) 28, controlling the loading device to always keep constant pressure by using the PLC 28, and adjusting different pressures according to experimental requirements to realize overload simulation of different sizes;
step 9, electrically connecting the temperature detector 41, the pressure instrument 27 and the control key 29 with the input end of the PLC 28 respectively, and electrically connecting the output end of the PLC 28 with the display screen 30;
and step 12, tracking and observing the displacement change of the slope soil body in the whole process through the camera 42, and processing the data recorded by the reading instrument at the computer terminal 43.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) meanwhile, the coupling effect of stress field change caused by continuous rainfall and slope top surface overload of the slope is considered, and the slope instability simulation experiment under the condition of coupling continuous rainfall and slope top surface overload can be completed indoors.
2) In the experimental device, the overload simulation device is arranged on the top surface of the slope, so that the damage mechanism of the top surface of the slope under different stress conditions and the influence on the slope surface or the slope toe under the overload condition of the top surface of the slope can be researched.
3) In the experimental device, slope inclining devices are arranged on two sides of the model box body 1, so that the model box body can incline and the inclination angle can be changed, and the stress field condition can be changed.
4) In the experimental device, the method has important practical significance for researching the slope instability mechanism under the condition of coupling continuous rainfall and slope top surface overload.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of each device of the device model case of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rainfall network structure above a model box of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the rain sprayer of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a top view of the overload simulator of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are: 1. a model box body; 2. a slope model; 3. a water storage tank; 4. a water pump; 5. a water inlet pipe; 6. an electronic flow controller; 7. a return pipe; 8. a flow meter; 9. a flow rate meter; 10. a water supply main pipe; 11. a valve; 12. angle steel support bars; 13. a support; 14. dividing the top into pipes; 15. a rainfall sprayer; 16. a joint; 17. a hose; 18. a drain hole; 19. a water collection tank; 20. a fan; 21. a fan switch; 22. a slider; 23. a slideway; 24. a servo loading device; 25. a loading device hinge; 26. a loading plate; 27. a pressure gauge; 28. a PLC controller; 29. a control key; 30. a display screen; 31. a nut; 32. a support base; 33. a jacking device; 34. a cable; 35. a test instrument lead hole; 36. a displacement meter; 37. a water content tester; 38. a pore water pressure tester; 39. a stress monitor; 40. a reading instrument; 41. a temperature detector; 42. a camera; 43. and (6) a computer terminal.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-5, a slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducement comprises a model box body 1, a slope model 2, a rainfall simulation device, an overload simulation device, a slope inclination device and a monitoring system; the model box body 1 is a transparent cuboid with an opening at the upper part, a side slope model 2 is filled in the model box body 1, and the rainfall simulation device comprises a water storage tank 3, a water pump 4, a water inlet pipe 5, an electronic flow controller 6, a main water supply pipe 10, a valve 11, an angle steel support rod 12, a support 13, a top branch pipe 14, a rainfall spray head 15, a drain hole 18 and a water collecting tank 19; the overload simulation device comprises a slide block 22, a slide way 23, a follow-up loading device 24, a loading device hinge 25, a loading plate 26, a pressure instrument 27 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 28; the slope inclination device comprises a supporting base 32 and a jacking device 33, and the monitoring system comprises a cable 34, a test instrument lead hole 35, a displacement meter 36, a water content tester 37, a pore water pressure tester 38, a stress monitor 39, a reading instrument 40, a temperature detector 41, a camera 42 and a computer terminal 43;
the water storage tank 3 is connected with a water pump 4 through a water inlet pipe 5, an electronic flow controller 6 is arranged at an outlet of the water pump 4, a water inlet end of a main water supply pipe 10 is connected with the electronic flow controller 6, a water outlet end of the main water supply pipe is communicated with a top branch pipe 14 through a valve 11, an angle steel support rod 12 is supported right above four corners of the model box body 1, a support 13 is supported between the angle steel support rods 12, namely the angle steel support rod 12 is positioned between the support 13 and the model box body 1, the top branch pipe 14 is fixed on the support 13, a plurality of rainfall sprayers 15 are connected below the top branch pipe 14, a slideway 23 is installed between two side walls above the model box body 1, screw holes for installing the slideway 23 are reserved above two sides of the; a slide rail 23 is provided with a slide block 22, the slide block 22 is provided with a pressure instrument 27, the pressure instrument 27 is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) 28, a loading plate 26 is placed on the top surface of a slope model 2, a follow-up loading device 24 is placed on the loading plate 26 and is connected with the slide block 22 through a loading device hinge 25, the slide block 22 can be slidably and detachably installed on the slide rail 23, the loading position of the follow-up loading device 24 on the top surface of the slope can be changed, the experiment enables the follow-up loading device 24 to always keep constant pressure through the PLC 28 by controlling the pressure of the pressure instrument 27, different pressures are adjusted according to actual experiment requirements to realize overload simulation, a drain hole 18 is arranged at the bottom of the slope foot side of the model box body 1, a water collecting groove 19 is installed at the outer part of the slope foot side of the model box body 1, the front surface of the model box body 1 is provided with a plurality of, the testers arranged in the side slope model 2 are a displacement meter 36, a water content tester 37, a pore water pressure tester 38 and a stress monitor 39, and the adopted testers are all miniature testers; other testers can be arranged according to other parameters to be monitored in the experiment, the displacement meter 36, the water content tester 37, the pore water pressure tester 38 and the stress monitor 39 are all connected with a reading instrument 40 through cables 34 penetrating through lead holes 35 of the testers, the reading instrument 40 is connected with a computer terminal 43, the supporting base 32 and the jacking device 33 are respectively positioned at two sides of the bottom end of the model box body 1, the inclination angle of the model box body 1 is adjusted through the jacking device 33, the relative size of the sliding force and the anti-sliding force under the slope is changed, the overload simulation is separated, the instability simulation of the slope under the self-weight stress condition is realized, and the supporting base 32 is used for ensuring that the model box body 1 cannot topple over when the jacking device 33 works; the camera 42 is installed outside the model box body 1 and is just opposite to the side slope model 2, and the high-definition digital camera 42 is adopted in the experimental device for carrying out whole-course tracking observation on the displacement change of the side slope soil body.
In the invention: the slope model 2 can simulate different slope heights and slope angles by a manual piling method, different similar simulation materials are utilized, different configuration proportions are adopted to simulate different slope body internal structures, and effective simulation of different types of slope bodies can be realized. The electronic flow controller 6 can realize the adjustment of the flow and the flow speed of the rainfall spray head 15 and simulate the deformation instability characteristics of the slope under various rainfall intensities. Applying different-size overloads on the top of the side slope through an overload simulation device to simulate different stress conditions; required parameters are obtained through a test instrument arranged in the slope model 2, a test instrument lead hole 35 arranged on the front surface of the model box body 1 and a reading instrument 40 connected with a cable 34, data processing is carried out at a computer terminal 43, the validity of test data can be ensured, and meanwhile, the dynamic changes of the slope in different stress fields can be monitored in real time. The change condition of the seepage field in the side slope can be observed by measuring the pore water pressure and the water content in the side slope in the rainfall infiltration process and under the condition of no rainfall by using a micro pore water pressure tester 38 and a water content tester 37 arranged in the side slope model and recording data. And (3) arranging a micro stress monitoring meter 39 and a displacement meter 36 in the side slope model to observe the stress field change condition of the side slope under the condition of continuous rainfall and slope top surface overload coupling and the displacement change condition inside the side slope.
Further, the PLC controller 28 includes a control button 29 and a display screen 30, the pressure gauge 27 and the control button 29 are electrically connected to an input terminal of the PLC controller 28, and an output terminal of the PLC controller 28 is electrically connected to the display screen 30.
Further, the temperature detector 41 connected with the PLC 28 is installed on the slide rail 23, so that the temperature in the model box body 1 can be observed conveniently.
Furthermore, a flow meter 8 and a flow meter 9 are installed on the water supply main pipe 10, and the water pump 4 is a self-priming water pump.
Preferably, the electronic flow controller 6 is simultaneously communicated with the water inlet end of the return pipe 7, and the water outlet end of the return pipe 7 is positioned above the water storage tank 3.
Further, the follow-up loading device 24 is more than two hydraulic jacks.
Furthermore, the top branch pipe 14 comprises two transverse water distribution pipes which are communicated with each other, the rainfall sprayer 15 is an agricultural plastic three-head watering sprayer, the lower part of the top branch pipe 14 is connected with the rainfall sprayer 15 sequentially through the joint 16 and the flexible pipe 17 which can stretch and rotate at an angle, the flexible pipe 17 which can stretch and rotate at an angle is used at the joint of the rainfall sprayer 15 and the joint, and the direction of the rainfall sprayer 15 can be controlled by manually adjusting the flexible pipe to realize uniform spraying. The rainfall sprayers 15 are uniformly distributed, the spraying direction can be adjusted, rainwater can be effectively simulated to be uniformly distributed on the side slope model, and the rainfall intensity can be simulated by adjusting the flow and the flow speed of the rainfall sprayers. Except for the hose 17, other water conveying pipelines of the device are made of pvc materials.
Furthermore, a fan 20 is arranged below the slope foot side of the model box body 1, the fan 20 is connected with a fan switch 21, the fan 20 is used for simulating wind power in natural rainfall, the simulated rainfall is more real and reliable, and the fan is controlled by the fan switch 21.
Furthermore, the model box body 1 is a cuboid with an opening at the upper part, the five surfaces of the model box body are made of high-transparency organic glass and are detachable devices through buckles, the length and the width of the model box body 1 are consistent with those of a slope model 2 required in an experiment, the height of the front surface of the model box body 1 is controlled between a loading plate 26 and a slideway 23, a sliding block 22 is convenient to slide to change the loading position on the top surface of a slope, the heights of the other surfaces are controlled to be 10cm higher than the topmost position of the sliding block 22 on the slideway 23, and the height of an angle steel support rod 12 is controlled to ensure that the distance between the sliding block 22 and a rainfall spray head 15 is not less than 10 cm; the water collecting tank 19 is an organic glass cuboid with an opening at the upper part and is fixedly connected with the slope toe side of the model box body 1 through a buckle, the length of the water collecting tank 19 is 20% of the length of the model box body 1, the width of the water collecting tank is consistent with the width of the model box body, and the height of the water collecting tank is consistent with the height of the slope toe of the side slope model 2; the radius of the drain holes 18 is not less than 2cm, the number of the drain holes is more than 3, and the distance between the adjacent two rows of the drain holes 18 is not less than 4 cm.
An experimental method of the slope instability experimental device under the condition of simulating rainfall and overload coupling comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing high-transparency organic glass according to the size of a model box body 1 required by an experiment, installing the prepared high-transparency organic glass to form a detachable model box body 1, and keeping the front side of the detachable model box body not installed and keeping the other four sides of the detachable model box body installed perfectly; preparing materials for experiments, configuring similar materials in a set proportion in a model box body 1 according to experiment requirements to build a side slope model 2, spraying water mist during building so as to achieve designed water content and wet density, and determining the size of the side slope model 2 according to actual engineering general profile and the similar ratio; arranging a displacement meter 36, a water content tester 37, a pore water pressure tester 38 and a stress monitor 39 according to the positions required by the experiment in the stacking process and connecting the displacement meter, the water content tester 37, the pore water pressure tester 38 and the stress monitor 39 with a cable 34;
step 2, filling the model box body 1 with the side slope model 2, naturally solidifying for one day, installing the front side of the model box body 1, enabling the cable 34 to penetrate through the lead hole 35 of the testing instrument to be connected with the reading instrument 40, enabling the reading instrument 40 to be connected with the computer terminal 43, arranging a fan 20 below the slope toe side of the model box body 1, and simulating wind power in natural rainfall by using the fan 20;
step 3, before use, injecting experimental water into the water storage tank 3, continuously supplementing water in the experimental process to ensure sufficient experimental water consumption, arranging an electronic flow controller 6 and a return pipe 7 at an outlet of the water pump 4, controlling the flow of the rainfall spray head 15 through the electronic flow controller 6, and selecting the parameter type of the water pump 4 according to the required rainfall simulation intensity to enable the simulated rainfall to be more uniform as much as possible;
step 4, mounting angle steel support rods 12 and brackets 13 above four corners of the model box body, and then configuring a rainfall pipe network; the rainfall pipe network consists of top branch pipes 14, and a plurality of rainfall sprayers 15 are arranged below the top branch pipes 14;
step 5, fixedly connecting the water collecting tank 19 with the model box body 1 through a buckle, and draining the rainfall into the water collecting tank 19 through a drainage hole 18 at the bottom of the slope foot side of the model box body 1 after the rainfall infiltrates into the slope model 2;
step 6, installing an overload simulation device, wherein the overload simulation device comprises a slide block 22, a slide rail 23, a follow-up loading device 24, a loading device hinge 25, a loading plate 26, a pressure instrument 27 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 28; a temperature detector 41 is arranged on the slide way and is connected with the PLC 28;
step 7, the follow-up loading device 24 is placed on the loading plate 26 and is connected with the slide block 22 through the loading device hinge 25, and the slide block 22 is detachably and slidably mounted on the slide way 23;
step 8, configuring a pressure instrument 27 on the sliding block 22, connecting the pressure instrument 27 to a PLC (programmable logic controller) 28, controlling the loading device to always keep constant pressure by using the PLC 28, and adjusting different pressures according to experimental requirements to realize overload simulation of different sizes;
step 9, electrically connecting the temperature detector 41, the pressure instrument 27 and the control key 29 with the input end of the PLC 28 respectively, and electrically connecting the output end of the PLC 28 with the display screen 30;
and step 12, tracking and observing the displacement change of the slope soil body in the whole process through the camera 42, and processing the data recorded by the reading instrument at the computer terminal 43.
Based on the experimental device, the device can mainly consider the coupling effect of stress field change caused by rainfall and slope top surface overload at the same time; the deformation instability characteristics of the slope under various rainfall intensities can be simulated by adjusting the flow and the flow speed of the rainfall spray head 15; different stress conditions can be simulated by applying overloads with different sizes and different positions on the top surface of the side slope; therefore, the method can be used for researching and discussing the deformation characteristic and instability mechanism of the slope under the coupling of the rainfall infiltration effect and the overload additional stress effect.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an use slope unstability experimental apparatus of rainfall and overload as incentive which characterized in that: the device comprises a model box body (1), a side slope model (2), a rainfall simulation device, an overload simulation device, a side slope inclining device and a monitoring system; the rainfall simulation device comprises a water storage tank (3), a water pump (4), a water inlet pipe (5), an electronic flow controller (6), a water supply main pipe (10), a valve (11), an angle steel support rod (12), a support (13), a top branch pipe (14), a rainfall spray head (15), a drain hole (18) and a water collecting tank (19); the overload simulation device comprises a sliding block (22), a slide way (23), a follow-up loading device (24), a loading device hinge (25), a loading plate (26), a pressure instrument (27) and a PLC (programmable logic controller) (28); the slope inclination device comprises a supporting base (32) and a jacking device (33), the monitoring system comprises a cable (34), a test instrument lead hole (35), a displacement meter (36), a water content tester (37), a pore water pressure tester (38), a stress monitor (39), a reading instrument (40), a temperature detector (41), a camera (42) and a computer terminal (43);
the water storage tank (3) is connected with a water pump (4) through a water inlet pipe (5), an electronic flow controller (6) is arranged at the outlet of the water pump (4), the water inlet end of a water supply main pipe (10) is connected with the electronic flow controller (6), the water outlet end is communicated with a top branch pipe (14) through a valve (11), an angle steel support rod (12) is supported right above four corners of the model box body (1), a bracket (13) is supported between the angle steel support rods (12), the top branch pipe (14) is fixed on the bracket (13), a plurality of rainfall sprayers (15) are connected below the top branch pipe (14), a slide way (23) is installed between two side walls above the model box body (1), a slide block (22) is installed on the slide way (23), a pressure instrument (27) is installed on the slide block (22), the pressure instrument (27) is connected with a PLC (28), a loading plate (26) is placed on the top surface of a slope, the follow-up loading device (24) is placed on a loading plate (26) and is connected with a sliding block (22) through a loading device hinge (25), the sliding block (22) is slidably and detachably installed on a slideway (23), a drain hole (18) is formed in the bottom of the slope foot side of the model box body (1), a water collecting tank (19) is installed outside the slope foot side of the model box body (1), a plurality of test instrument lead holes (35) are formed in the front surface of the model box body (1) according to the position required by an experiment, a displacement meter (36), a moisture content test meter (37), a pore water pressure test meter (38) and a stress monitoring meter (39) are installed in the slope model (2), the displacement meter (36), the moisture content test meter (37), the pore water pressure test meter (38) and the stress monitoring meter (39) are connected with a reading instrument (40) through cables (34) penetrating through the test instrument lead holes (35), and the reading instrument (40) is connected with a computer terminal, the supporting base (32) and the jacking device (33) are respectively positioned at two sides of the bottom end of the model box body (1), and the camera (42) is installed at the outer side of the model box body (1) and is just opposite to the side slope model (2).
2. The slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: PLC controller (28) including control button (29) and display screen (30), manometer (27) and control button (29) respectively with the input electric connection of PLC controller (28), the output and the display screen (30) electric connection of PLC controller (28).
3. The slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a temperature detector (41) connected with the PLC (28) is arranged on the slide way (23).
4. The slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water supply main pipe (10) is provided with a flow meter (8) and a flow velocity meter (9), and the water pump (4) is a self-suction water pump.
5. The slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electronic flow controller (6) is simultaneously communicated with the water inlet end of the return pipe (7), and the water outlet end of the return pipe (7) is positioned above the water storage tank (3).
6. The slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the follow-up loading device (24) is more than two hydraulic jacks.
7. The slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top branch pipe (14) comprises two transverse water distribution branch pipes which are communicated with each other, the rainfall nozzle (15) is an agricultural plastic three-head watering nozzle, and the lower part of the top branch pipe (14) is connected with the rainfall nozzle (15) sequentially through a joint (16) and a flexible hose (17) which can stretch and rotate by an angle.
8. The slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a fan (20) is arranged below the slope foot side of the model box body (1), and the fan (20) is connected with a fan switch (21).
9. The slope instability experimental device using rainfall and overload as inducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the model box body (1) is a cuboid with an upper opening, the five surfaces of the model box body are made of high-transparency organic glass and are detachable devices through buckles, the length and the width of the model box body (1) are consistent with those of a side slope model (2) which is actually required by an experiment, the height of the front surface of the model box body (1) is controlled between a loading plate (26) and a slideway (23), the heights of the other surfaces of the model box body are controlled to be 10cm higher than the topmost position of a sliding block (22) on the slideway (23), and the height of an angle steel supporting rod (12) is controlled to be at a position which enables the distance between the sliding block (22) and a rainfall spray head (15) to be not less than; the water collecting tank (19) is an organic glass cuboid with an opening at the upper part and is fixedly connected with the slope toe side of the model box body (1) through a buckle, the length of the water collecting tank (19) is 20% of the length of the model box body (1), the width of the water collecting tank is consistent with the width of the model box body, and the height of the water collecting tank is consistent with the height of the slope toe of the side slope model (2); the radius of the drain holes (18) is not less than 2cm, the number of the drain holes is more than 3, the hole distance between two adjacent rows of the drain holes (18) is not less than 4cm, and the side slope model (2) is constructed manually.
10. An experimental method of the slope instability experimental device based on rainfall and overload as the cause of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing high-transparency organic glass according to the size of a model box body (1) required by an experiment, installing the prepared high-transparency organic glass to form a detachable model box body (1), keeping the front side of the detachable model box body not installed, and completely installing the rest four sides of the detachable model box body; preparing materials used for experiments, configuring similar materials in a set proportion in a model box body (1) according to experiment requirements to build a side slope model (2), spraying water mist during building to achieve designed water content and wet density, and determining the size of the side slope model (2) according to actual engineering general profiles and similar ratios; arranging a displacement meter (36), a water content tester (37), a pore water pressure tester (38) and a stress monitor (39) according to the positions required by the experiment in the stacking process and connecting a cable (34);
step 2, filling a slope model (2) in the model box body (1) and naturally solidifying for one day, installing the front side of the model box body (1), enabling a cable (34) to penetrate through a lead hole (35) of a testing instrument to be connected with a reading instrument (40), connecting the reading instrument (40) with a computer terminal (43), arranging a fan (20) below the slope foot side of the model box body (1), and simulating wind power in natural rainfall by using the fan (20);
step 3, before use, injecting experimental water into the water storage tank (3), continuously supplementing water in the experimental process to ensure sufficient experimental water consumption, arranging an electronic flow controller (6) and a return pipe (7) at the outlet of the water pump (4), controlling the flow of the rainfall spray head (15) through the electronic flow controller (6), and selecting the parameter type of the water pump (4) according to the required simulated rainfall intensity to enable the simulated rainfall to be more uniform as much as possible;
step 4, mounting angle steel support rods (12) and brackets (13) above four corners of the model box body, and then configuring a rainfall pipe network; the rainfall pipe network consists of top branch pipes (14), and a plurality of rainfall sprayers (15) are arranged below the top branch pipes (14);
step 5, fixedly connecting the water collecting tank (19) with the model box body (1) through a buckle, and draining the rainfall into the water collecting tank (19) through a drainage hole (18) at the bottom of the slope foot side of the model box body (1) after the rainfall infiltrates into the slope model (2);
step 6, installing an overload simulation device which comprises a sliding block (22), a slide way (23), a follow-up loading device (24), a loading device hinge (25), a loading plate (26), a pressure instrument (27) and a PLC (programmable logic controller) (28); a temperature detector (41) is arranged on the slide way and is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) (28);
step 7, a follow-up loading device (24) is placed on a loading plate (26) and is connected with a sliding block (22) through a loading device hinge (25), and the sliding block (22) is detachably and slidably arranged on a slide way (23);
step 8, configuring a pressure instrument (27) on the sliding block (22), connecting the pressure instrument (27) to a PLC (programmable logic controller) (28), controlling the loading device to always keep constant pressure by using the PLC (28), and adjusting different pressures according to experimental requirements to realize overload simulation of different sizes;
step 9, electrically connecting the temperature detector (41), the pressure instrument (27) and the control key (29) with an input end of a PLC (28) respectively, and electrically connecting an output end of the PLC (28) with the display screen (30);
step 10, adjusting the inclination angle of the model box body (1) through a jacking device (33), changing the relative magnitude of the sliding force and the anti-sliding force under the slope, separating from overload simulation, and realizing the instability simulation of the slope under the condition of self-weight stress;
step 11, setting a certain rainfall time according to the experimental requirements, and closing the valve (11) after the rainfall time is up;
and step 12, tracking and observing the displacement change of the slope soil body in the whole process through the camera (42), and processing the data recorded by the reading instrument in a computer terminal (43).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010587091.9A CN111551694B (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Slope instability experimental device and method with rainfall and overload as inducers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010587091.9A CN111551694B (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Slope instability experimental device and method with rainfall and overload as inducers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111551694A true CN111551694A (en) | 2020-08-18 |
| CN111551694B CN111551694B (en) | 2021-06-08 |
Family
ID=72005335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010587091.9A Active CN111551694B (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Slope instability experimental device and method with rainfall and overload as inducers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111551694B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112229591A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-01-15 | 西南交通大学 | Device and method for monitoring stability of rock-soil mass under dry-wet cycle and earthquake coupling |
| CN112730136A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Freezing-thawing deformation indoor test system for dam slope of silt dam under freezing-thawing circulation effect |
| CN114518223A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-20 | 广东省有色矿山地质灾害防治中心 | Model test device for measuring stability safety coefficient of rock slope |
| CN114878789A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-08-09 | 成都理工大学 | Rainfall type landslide instability test device based on seepage and macroscopic damage coupling analysis |
| CN114925551A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-08-19 | 南通午未连海科技有限公司 | Landslide susceptibility simulation system and method |
| CN116174190A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-05-30 | 北京易科立德生态环境科技有限责任公司 | Rainfall simulation device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL2030188B1 (en) * | 2021-12-18 | 2022-10-07 | Univ Hohai | An artificial rainfall simulation device composed by multiple nozzles and units |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105738596A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-06 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Slope deformation simulation test device under rainfall condition |
| CN107144682A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-08 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Simulate the experimental rig and method of earthquake and the influence of rainfall Upon Slope Stability |
| CN109283316A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-29 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of rainfall system for the test of open-pit slope analog simulation |
| CN109425723A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground water and the simulation of condition of raining slope and monitoring system |
| CN110794113A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-14 | 西南交通大学 | Multi-physical-field coupling test device and method for simulating slope instability |
-
2020
- 2020-06-24 CN CN202010587091.9A patent/CN111551694B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105738596A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-06 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Slope deformation simulation test device under rainfall condition |
| CN107144682A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-08 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Simulate the experimental rig and method of earthquake and the influence of rainfall Upon Slope Stability |
| CN109425723A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground water and the simulation of condition of raining slope and monitoring system |
| CN110794113A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-14 | 西南交通大学 | Multi-physical-field coupling test device and method for simulating slope instability |
| CN109283316A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-29 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of rainfall system for the test of open-pit slope analog simulation |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112229591A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-01-15 | 西南交通大学 | Device and method for monitoring stability of rock-soil mass under dry-wet cycle and earthquake coupling |
| CN112229591B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 西南交通大学 | Device and method for monitoring stability of rock-soil mass under dry-wet cycle and earthquake coupling |
| CN112730136A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Freezing-thawing deformation indoor test system for dam slope of silt dam under freezing-thawing circulation effect |
| CN112730136B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-08-18 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Freezing-thawing deformation indoor test system for dam slope of silt land dam under freezing-thawing circulation effect |
| CN114518223A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-20 | 广东省有色矿山地质灾害防治中心 | Model test device for measuring stability safety coefficient of rock slope |
| CN114518223B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-09-16 | 广东省有色矿山地质灾害防治中心 | Model test device for measuring rock slope stability safety coefficient |
| CN114878789A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-08-09 | 成都理工大学 | Rainfall type landslide instability test device based on seepage and macroscopic damage coupling analysis |
| CN114925551A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-08-19 | 南通午未连海科技有限公司 | Landslide susceptibility simulation system and method |
| CN116174190A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-05-30 | 北京易科立德生态环境科技有限责任公司 | Rainfall simulation device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111551694B (en) | 2021-06-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111551694B (en) | Slope instability experimental device and method with rainfall and overload as inducers | |
| CN102539642B (en) | Simulation testing system of water circulation process under human activity disturbance conditions | |
| CN111855121B (en) | Slope instability experimental device and experimental method using rainfall and earthquake as inducements | |
| CN108195723B (en) | Permeation grouting test system and method for reinforcing loose gravel soil | |
| CN110044710B (en) | Test simulation device for subsidence of soil hole under precipitation funnel | |
| CN107037195A (en) | Water-level fluctuation influences experimental rig and method to lower sleeping ice sheet talus slope stability | |
| CN108489892B (en) | Submarine shield tunnel excavation test device and method under seepage condition | |
| CN105786032B (en) | A kind of trial zone level of ground water accuracy-control system and method | |
| CN106706886B (en) | Rainfall slope model experiment device and method under lateral non-uniform loading condition | |
| CN107610577B (en) | Hydrologic cycle simulation experiment system and experimental method | |
| CN113063925A (en) | Multi-factor coupling test system for researching instability and damage mechanism of foundation pit and side slope | |
| CN212321034U (en) | Slope instability experimental device with rainfall and earthquake as inducement factors | |
| CN108168626A (en) | Quickly measure the devices and methods therefor of buried douche pressure and flow | |
| CN107843527A (en) | A kind of analogue observation device and method of rainfall on slope land deep layer Infiltration characteristics | |
| CN113720994B (en) | Device and method for testing stability of excavation face of shield tunnel under spring condition | |
| CN114705826A (en) | Indoor artificial rainfall and monitoring slope stability device | |
| CN114486683A (en) | Test device for simulating pumping in foundation pit and recharging underground water outside foundation pit | |
| CN113376073A (en) | Rare earth slope preferential flow simulation test system | |
| CN110820711A (en) | Rainfall-adjustable deep foundation pit multi-support-form test device and method | |
| CN210923686U (en) | Test device suitable for plant bank protection lectotype | |
| CN207081620U (en) | Foundation Pit bottom stability test device containing artesian water stratum | |
| CN211741273U (en) | Vegetation covering slope body instability critical condition research model test system under rainfall effect | |
| CN206385495U (en) | A kind of earth and rockfill dam landslide observed seepage behavior simulation test device | |
| CN205786561U (en) | Experimental system for simulating is oozed under city underlying surface rainfall runoff | |
| CN111189995A (en) | Centrifugal model test system for researching criterion of damage of root system and seepage coupling downgrade body |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |