CN111550534A - 一种六挡混合动力变速器 - Google Patents

一种六挡混合动力变速器 Download PDF

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CN111550534A
CN111550534A CN202010235905.2A CN202010235905A CN111550534A CN 111550534 A CN111550534 A CN 111550534A CN 202010235905 A CN202010235905 A CN 202010235905A CN 111550534 A CN111550534 A CN 111550534A
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王明成
刘越
杨雪梅
徐鸣
王景霞
于艳秋
冯光军
石彦辉
韩宇石
李吉元
贾爽
钟超杰
高子茵
邹武俊
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China North Vehicle Research Institute
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China North Vehicle Research Institute
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种车辆驱动系统的六挡混合动力变速器，属于车辆传动技术领域。该变速器包括行星排，安装在两端分别与输入轴、输出轴连接的输入构件和输出构件，连接构件、制动器、离合器和电机，所述行星排有三个、连接构件有四个、制动器有三个、离合器有二个、电机有一个。本发明的六挡混合动力变速器可实现纯电模式、纯发动机模式、混动模式三种驱动模式，也可以辅助完成发动机启动和能量回收。

Description

一种六挡混合动力变速器
技术领域
本发明属于车辆传动技术领域，具体涉及公路或非公路车辆用一种六挡混合动力变速器，可以将发动机和电机的动力进行传递或汇流而驱动车辆行驶。
背景技术
混合动力系统至少具有二个以上的能源存储装置和二个以上的能量转换装置。常用的油电混合动力系统使用内燃机和电机作为能量转换装置，而混合动力变速器作为混合动力系统的一部分，在结构上一般将电机集成于其中，提高了系统的集成度。
根据发动机和电机是否参与车辆驱动，可以将混合动力变速器的工作模式划分为纯电模式、纯发动机模式和混合动力模式。在车辆减速过程中可以通过将电机切换至发电机工况进行能量回收，既降低了车辆制动系统的磨损，通过能量的回收与再利用又提高了燃油经济性。
本发明在传统自动变速器基础上，去掉输入端的液力变矩器，在非输入端增加电机，实现混合动力驱动。当二个离合器之一结合后，发动机和电机同时工作，可实现连续可变变速器(CVT)的功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种车辆用六挡混合动力变速器，去掉了输入端的液力变矩器，增加了一个电机。不但可以实现车辆的平稳起步，还消除了传统自动变速器中闭锁离合器打滑的隐患；电机可以启动发动机，也可以回收制动能量以提高车辆的燃油效率；电机可以在固定挡位工况下提供辅助动力，提高车辆动力性；发动机与电机的动力通过行星排汇流，可以各自工作于高效点，获得最佳的燃油效率。
本发明提供的一种六挡混合动力变速器，包括行星排，安装在两端分别与输入轴、输出轴连接的输入构件1和输出构件2，连接构件、制动器、离合器和电机。其特征在于：所述行星排有三个，分别为行星排PGS1、行星排PGS2和行星排PGS3；所述连接构件有四个，分别为连接构件3、连接构件4、连接构件5和连接构件6；所述制动器有三个，分别为制动器B1、制动器B2和制动器B3；所述离合器有二个，分别为离合器C1和离合器C2；所述电机有一个，为EM。
所述行星排PGS1的太阳轮S1、行星架CA1和齿圈R1分别与输入构件1、连接构件4和连接构件3连接；
所述行星排PGS2的太阳轮S2、行星架CA2和齿圈R2分别与连接构件4、连接构件5和输出构件2连接；
所述行星排PGS3的太阳轮S3、行星架CA3和齿圈R3分别与连接构件6、输出构件2和连接构件5连接；
所述输入构件1连接行星排PGS1的太阳轮S1、离合器C1的内毂和离合器C2的外毂；
所述输出构件2连接行星排PGS2的齿圈R2和行星排PGS3的行星架CA3；
所述连接构件3连接行星排PGS1的齿圈R1、制动器B1的内毂和电机EM的转子；
所述连接构件4连接行星排PGS1的行星架CA1、行星排PGS2的太阳轮S2和制动器B2的内毂；
所述连接构件5连接行星排PGS2的行星架CA2、行星排PGS3的齿圈R3、制动器B3的内毂和离合器C2的内毂；
所述连接构件6连接行星排PGS3的太阳轮S3和离合器C1的外毂；
所述制动器B1用于制动连接构件3；
所述制动器B2用于制动连接构件4；
所述制动器B3用于制动连接构件5；
所述离合器C1连接连接构件6和输入构件1；
所述离合器C2连接输入构件1和连接构件5；
所述电机EM的转子连接连接构件(3)，而定子连接壳体。
有益效果：
本发明提供的六挡混合动力变速器可实现：纯电模式起步、纯发动机模式以六个前进挡和一个倒挡行驶、固定挡位驱动工况下电机助力行驶或制动工况下电机回收能量发电，通过电机启动发动机，非固定挡位工况通过将发动机和电机进行汇流达到连续可变变速器(CVT)的功能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的六挡混合动力变速器各构件连接关系示意图。
图中PGS1～PGS3为三个行星排，S1～S3为三个太阳轮，CA1～CA3为三个行星架，R1～R3为三个齿圈，B1～B3为三个制动器，C1～C2为二个离合器，EM为电机，1为输入构件、2为输出构件、3～6为四个连接构件。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并举实施例，对本发明进行详细描述。
本发明的六挡混合动力变速器适用于车辆传动系统。其中，电机、离合器和行星排按顺序排列，各个行星排之间利用连接构件连接。输入轴与输入构件1相连，一般为发动机的输出轴。输出轴与输出构件2连接，通过其它部件驱动车辆。该混合动力变速器相对于旋转中心是完全对称的，图1中省略了旋转中心的下半部分，以下描述时不再作出说明。
如图1所示的六挡混合动力变速器，包括行星排，安装在两端分别与输入轴、输出轴连接的输入构件1、输出构件2，连接构件、制动器、离合器和电机。所述行星排有三个，分别为行星排PGS1、行星排PGS2和行星排PGS3；所述连接构件有四个，分别为连接构件3、连接构件4、连接构件5和连接构件6；所述制动器有三个，分别为制动器B1、制动器B2和制动器B3；所述离合器有二个，分别为离合器C1和离合器C2；所述电机有一个，为EM。
所述的每个行星排分别包括太阳轮、行星架和齿圈。
所述行星排PGS1的太阳轮S1、行星架CA1和齿圈R1分别与输入构件1、连接构件4和连接构件3连接；
所述行星排PGS2的太阳轮S2、行星架CA2和齿圈R2分别与连接构件4、连接构件5和输出构件2连接；
所述行星排PGS3的太阳轮S3、行星架CA3和齿圈R3分别与连接构件6、输出构件2和连接构件5连接；
所述输入构件1连接行星排PGS1的太阳轮S1、离合器C1的内毂和离合器C2的外毂；
所述输出构件2连接行星排PGS2的齿圈R2和行星排PGS3的行星架CA3；
所述连接构件3连接行星排PGS1的齿圈R1、制动器B1的内毂和电机EM的转子；
所述连接构件4连接行星排PGS1的行星架CA1、行星排PGS2的太阳轮S2和制动器B2的内毂；
所述连接构件5连接行星排PGS2的行星架CA2、行星排PGS3的齿圈R3、制动器B3的内毂和离合器C2的内毂；
所述连接构件6连接行星排PGS3的太阳轮S3和离合器C1的外毂；
所述制动器B1用于制动连接构件3；
所述制动器B2用于制动连接构件4；
所述制动器B3用于制动连接构件5；
所述离合器C1连接连接构件6和输入构件1；
所述离合器C2连接输入构件1和连接构件5；
所述电机EM的转子连接连接构件3，而定子连接壳体。
所述行星排PGS1、行星排PGS2和行星排PGS3均为单星行星排。
所述输入轴为动力输入件：可以是发动机的输出轴，也可以是通过机械传动装置与发动机输出轴连接的结构件。
所述制动器B1～B3和离合器C1～C2为多片式摩擦操纵件，利用液压油驱动活塞进行加压；也可以是滑动齿套或联轴器或爪牙离合器或其它可控而选择分离与结合的装置。
所述电机EM：既可以工作于电动机工况，也可以工作于发电机工况。
图1所示的六挡混合动力变速器其工作模式列于表1。
表1六挡混合动力变速器工作模式示意表
Figure BDA0002430960140000051
Figure BDA0002430960140000061
表中“○”表示操纵件结合
纯电模式：为发动机停机、电机EM单独驱动车辆的工况，需要系统配备辅助油泵对液压系统供油。离合器C2和制动器B3结合，实现纯电模式驱动，有二个挡位，分别为倒挡(ER)和前进挡(ED)。电机EM正转时为倒挡(ER)，电机EM反转时为前进挡(ED)。
纯电工况启动发动机：保持制动器B3结合，离合器C2进行分离控制的同时，电机EM执行启动控制即可完成发动机启动。
N挡：制动器B3结合，实现N挡，即空挡。
N挡工况启动发动机：保持制动器B3结合，制动器B2结合后，电机EM执行启动控制即可完成发动机启动。
N挡充电：保持制动器B3结合，制动器B2结合后，发动机执行N挡充电控制和电机EM执行发电控制，实现N挡充电。
纯发动机模式：一个倒挡(R)和6个前进挡(D1～D6)的操纵方案如表1所示，除R、D3和D5挡，在车辆制动减速工况时电机EM可通过发电控制进行能量回收。
混合动力模式：分为部分固定传动比工况电机EM扭矩辅助驱动的H模式和连续可变变速驱动的CVT模式，除R、D3和D5挡，在车辆加速工况时电机EM可通过扭矩辅助控制为车辆提供额外的动力；CVT模式分为混合动力低挡(CVT1)工况和混合动力高挡(CVT2)工况，离合器C1结合即可通过控制发动机和电机EM的转速实现车辆速度的低速无极变速，离合器C2结合即可通过控制发动机和电机EM的转速实现车辆速度的高速无极变速。
综上所述，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种六挡混合动力变速器，包括行星排，安装在两端分别与输入轴、输出轴连接的输入构件(1)、输出构件(2)，连接构件、制动器、离合器和电机，其特征在于：所述行星排有三个，分别为行星排PGS1、行星排PGS2和行星排PGS3；所述连接构件有四个，分别为连接构件(3)、连接构件(4)、连接构件(5)和连接构件(6)；所述制动器有三个，分别为制动器B1、制动器B2和制动器B3；所述离合器有二个，分别为离合器C1和离合器C2；所述电机有一个，为电机(EM)
所述行星排PGS1的太阳轮S1、行星架CA1和齿圈R1分别与输入构件(1)、连接构件(4)和连接构件(3)连接；
所述行星排PGS2的太阳轮S2、行星架CA2和齿圈R2分别与连接构件(4)、连接构件(5)和输出构件(2)连接；
所述行星排PGS3的太阳轮S3、行星架CA3和齿圈R3分别与连接构件(6)、输出构件(2)和连接构件(5)连接；
所述输入构件(1)连接行星排PGS1的太阳轮S1、离合器C1的内毂和离合器C2的外毂；
所述输出构件(2)连接行星排PGS2的齿圈R2和行星排PGS3的行星架CA3；
所述连接构件(3)连接行星排PGS1的齿圈R1、制动器B1的内毂和电机的转子；
所述连接构件(4)连接行星排PGS1的行星架CA1、行星排PGS2的太阳轮S2和制动器B2的内毂；
所述连接构件(5)连接行星排PGS2的行星架CA2、行星排PGS3的齿圈R3、制动器B3的内毂和离合器C2的内毂；
所述连接构件(6)连接行星排PGS3的太阳轮S3和离合器C1的外毂；
所述制动器B1用于制动连接构件(3)；
所述制动器B2用于制动连接构件(4)；
所述制动器B3用于制动连接构件(5)；
所述离合器C1连接连接构件(6)和输入构件(1)；
所述离合器C2连接输入构件(1)和连接构件(5)；
所述电机的转子连接连接构件(3)，而定子连接壳体。
2.如权利要求1所述的六挡混合动力变速器，其特征在于：所述行星排PGS1、行星排PGS2和行星排PGS3均为单星行星排。
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