CN111550240B - Method for evaluating plane homogeneity degree of reservoir by using high-quality connectivity - Google Patents
Method for evaluating plane homogeneity degree of reservoir by using high-quality connectivity Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
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- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir by using high-quality connectivity, which comprises the following steps: determining a reservoir property evaluation element; determining the plane distribution of the high-quality reservoir according to preset conditions; deploying a virtual well pattern in a target area; calculating the total number of connection lines corresponding to injection and production of the oil-water well and the high-quality connection number of injection and production according to preset conditions; the quotient of the high-quality communication number and the total number of the connection lines corresponding to the injection and production of the oil-water well is the injection and production high-quality communication ratio; and quantitatively evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir by using the high-quality communication rate. By introducing a new concept of high-quality communication rate, the invention converts the reservoir evaluation means from the original statistics based on single well points to quantitative evaluation based on the corresponding relation of oil-water wells, and solves the problems that the related technology cannot accurately describe the connection degree of high-quality reservoirs, the matching relation between reservoir properties and development well patterns is difficult to reflect, and the like; the novel reservoir plane homogeneity degree evaluation method improves the development practicability of reservoir evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil reservoir description, in particular to a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir by using high-quality connectivity.
Background
The degree of reservoir plane homogeneity directly influences the degree of control of the oil reservoir development well pattern on the high-quality reserves, and the seepage characteristics and the spatial distribution of the fluid in the development process. In the process of designing, developing and adjusting an oil reservoir development scheme, the evaluation of the reservoir plane homogeneity degree is taken as a basis of well pattern deployment, adjustment and dynamic analysis, and is an indispensable work.
The method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir mainly comprises the following steps: a qualitative description method of the geometrical morphology of a reservoir sand body, an evaluation method of the drilling rate of the sand body and an evaluation method of the physical property plane variation coefficient. The existing evaluation method for the reservoir plane homogeneity degree has the following defects: 1. the qualitative description method cannot accurately quantify and compare the reservoir plane homogeneity differences of different targets; 2. the existing quantitative evaluation methods of sand drilling rate, physical plane variation coefficient and the like all take a single well point as a statistical object, so that the connection degree of a high-quality reservoir is difficult to truly reflect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the prior related technology in the background technology can not accurately describe the connection degree of a high-quality reservoir and is difficult to reflect the matching relation between the reservoir property and a development well pattern, and provides a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir by using the high-quality connection rate. According to the method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir by using the high-quality communication rate, the high-quality communication rate concept is introduced, so that the reservoir evaluation means is changed from original statistics based on single well points to quantitative evaluation based on the corresponding relation of the oil-water wells, and the quantitative comparison problem of different evaluation targets, the quantitative evaluation problem of the high-quality reservoir connection degree and the quantitative evaluation problem of the high-quality reservoir plane distribution and well pattern matching property are solved.
The invention solves the problems by the following technical proposal: a method for evaluating the level of reservoir plane homogeneity by using high-quality connectivity, comprising the steps of:
step 1, determining reservoir property evaluation factors: determining an evaluation target block and acquiring static data of the evaluation target area; according to the obtained static data of the evaluation target area, key geological factors which influence the reservoir properties are preferably used as reservoir property evaluation elements;
step 2, definition of a high-quality reservoir threshold and drawing of a plan: setting a reservoir property evaluation element threshold in the step 1 according to the development requirement and the deposition characteristic of the target block, defining a reservoir within a threshold definition range as a high-quality reservoir, drawing a reservoir property evaluation element plan, and delineating a high-quality reservoir plane distribution range according to the high-quality reservoir threshold;
step 3, deploying a virtual well pattern in the target area: deploying a uniform virtual area well pattern in a target area;
step 4, calculating the total number of the connecting lines corresponding to the oil-water well injection and production: setting a distance threshold according to the knowledge of the deposition characteristics of the target block, and considering that the oil-water well does not have an injection-production relation under the condition that the distance between the oil-water wells exceeds the threshold; calculating the sum of the corresponding connection numbers of the injection and production of the oil well of the evaluation target layer;
step 5, calculating the high-quality injection and production communication number of the oil-water well: in the reservoir property evaluation element plan drawing drawn in the step 2, taking a water well as a center, defining a connection line, which is corresponding to the connection line in the distance threshold and passes through a path reservoir evaluation element and meets a preset condition, as high-quality communication, and calculating the injection and production high-quality communication total number of the oil-water well in the target zone;
step 6, calculating high-quality communication rate: and (5) quantitatively evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir by taking the quotient of the injection and production high-quality communication total number of the oil-water well and the injection and production corresponding connection total number of the oil-water well as the injection and production high-quality communication rate of the target layer in the step (5).
In step 1, the reservoir property evaluation element may be, but is not limited to, one of the following factors, including: sedimentary facies, lithogenesis, sandstone thickness, net-to-gross, porosity, permeability, saturation, reservoir abundance, seismic attributes, and the like.
The step 2 of setting the evaluation element threshold value is dependent on the geological features of the reservoir in the research area, and may be one or more of the following threshold values, including: the permeability is more than 100md, the effective thickness is more than 1m, the net wool ratio is more than 60%, the deposited microphase type is better than the thin layer of the schiff base sand, the clay content is less than 30%, and the oil saturation is more than 50%.
And 3, selecting the well pattern type and the well spacing of the virtual well pattern according to the later development and adjustment requirements: the uniform virtual area well pattern can be four-point, five-point, seven-point, nine-point and the like.
And 4, selecting the oil-water well spacing, namely, the requirement that at least 1 oil-water well group in the well pattern form can be accommodated in the range of the target area is met, and meanwhile, the scheme design or development and adjustment of the expected oil-water well spacing are considered.
The virtual well pattern is a five-point method area well pattern, and the oil-water well distance is 200 meters.
The distance threshold value in the step 4 is not smaller than the oil-water well distance in the same well group and not larger than 2 times of the oil-water well distance in the same well group;
the distance threshold is set to be the oil-water well distance in the same well group, namely 200m.
In the step 5, the connection line with the path length ratio of the high-quality reservoir being greater than 80% on the path of the corresponding connection line of the oil-water well in the reservoir evaluation element plan view is defined as high-quality communication.
In the step 5, the connection lines of the reservoir evaluation element plan view, through which the corresponding connection lines of the oil-water wells pass, are all river channel deposition are defined as high-quality connection.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir by utilizing high-quality communication rate, which converts the original statistical evaluation based on single well points into quantitative comprehensive evaluation based on the corresponding relation of oil-water wells by introducing a new concept of injection-production high-quality communication coefficient, and solves the problems that the related technology cannot accurately describe the connection degree of the high-quality reservoir, and the matching relation between the reservoir property and a development well pattern is difficult to reflect. The method can realize the accurate quantitative evaluation of multiple targets, can realize the accurate quantitative evaluation of the multiple targets, and can be used for the comparative analysis of development effects and the evaluation of well pattern matching; has great practical value for improving the pertinence of adjusting the digging and the developing effect.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a virtual well pattern of an evaluation target block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a high-quality connected distribution diagram of an evaluation target block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of quality sand distribution of a typical layer of an evaluation target block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples:
it should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "1 st", "2 nd", and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or apparatus.
The invention provides a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir by using high-quality connectivity, which comprises the following steps:
step S102, determining a reservoir property evaluation element: determining an evaluation target block and acquiring static data of the evaluation target area; according to the obtained static data of the evaluation target area, key geological factors which influence the reservoir properties are preferably used as reservoir property evaluation elements; the evaluation element may be, but is not limited to, one of the following factors, including: sedimentary facies, lithogenesis, sandstone thickness, net-to-gross, porosity, permeability, saturation, reservoir abundance, and seismic attributes;
step S112, definition of a high-quality reservoir threshold and drawing of a plan: setting the threshold value of the evaluation element according to the development requirement and the deposition characteristic of the target block, defining a reservoir within the threshold value definition range as a high-quality reservoir, drawing a reservoir property evaluation element plan, and delineating a high-quality reservoir plane distribution range according to the high-quality reservoir threshold value;
step S122, deploying a virtual well pattern in the target area: deploying a uniform virtual area well pattern in the target area;
step S132, calculating the total number of connection lines corresponding to oil-water well injection and production: setting a distance threshold value, and considering that the oil-water well does not have an injection-production relation under the condition that the oil-water well distance exceeds the threshold value; calculating the sum of the corresponding connection numbers of the injection and production of the oil well of the evaluation target layer;
step S142, calculating the high-quality communication number of the oil-water well: in the reservoir property evaluation element plan, a water well is taken as a center, a connection line, which is in accordance with a preset condition, of a path evaluation element and is passed by a connection line corresponding to the oil-water well in the distance threshold is defined as high-quality connection, and the high-quality connection total number of the oil-water wells of the target layer is calculated;
step S152, calculating a high-quality communication rate: the ratio of the high-quality communication number to the total number of the connection lines corresponding to the injection and production of the oil-water well is the injection and production high-quality communication rate. Quantitatively evaluating the level of reservoir plane homogeneity by the magnitude of the high-quality communication rate;
through the steps, the novel concept of the high-quality communication rate is introduced, and the reservoir homogeneity degree evaluation means is changed from the original statistical evaluation based on single well point information to the quantitative comprehensive evaluation based on the corresponding relation of the oil-water wells and the communication quality, so that the problems that the quality reservoir connection degree cannot be evaluated and the matching between the well pattern and the geological features of the reservoir cannot be evaluated in the related technology are solved, a novel reservoir homogeneity degree evaluation method is provided, and the accuracy and development applicability of reservoir homogeneity degree evaluation are improved.
The quality of the reservoir plane homogeneity is evaluated by the quality connectivity rate based on definition of quality reservoir, quality connectivity. Where the definition is predefined for premium reservoirs and premium connectivity, there are a wide variety of such predefined ways and content. For example: the high-quality reservoir can be defined as a reservoir with permeability of more than 100md, a reservoir with effective thickness of more than 1m, or a reservoir with a sedimentary phase deposited in a river channel; the high-quality communication can be the communication that the length proportion of the high-quality reservoir layer on the communication path corresponding to the injection and production of the oil-water well exceeds 2/3, or the communication that the high-quality reservoir layer on the communication path corresponding to the injection and production of the oil-water well. No matter how the high-quality reservoir and the high-quality communication are defined in advance, the method can avoid the problems caused by single well point statistics and obtain corresponding effects as long as the method evaluates the homogeneity degree of the reservoir through the corresponding relation and the communication quality between oil-water wells.
There are a wide variety of predetermined ways and boundaries for defining premium reservoirs and premium connectivity, distance thresholds, and patterns spacing, one of which is provided in this embodiment.
Examples:
by adopting the method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir by using the high-quality communication rate, the invention evaluates the homogeneity degree of three types of reservoir reservoirs of the western typical block in Daqing chlamydia, and the steps are as follows:
step S102, determining a reservoir property evaluation element: the target area is a clastic rock sedimentary reservoir, the diagenetic effect is weak, the reservoir properties are mainly controlled by the sedimentary effect, and the sedimentary microphase is preferably used as a reservoir property evaluation element.
The choice of the evaluation element may be varied and should be dependent on the geological features of the reservoir of the investigation region. For example, for low permeability reservoirs, permeability may be selected as an evaluation element; for complex oil-water reservoirs, the saturation of oil can be selected as an evaluation factor. The evaluation elements are determined according to the geological characteristics, so that the main contradiction affecting the reservoir property is grasped, and the evaluation result is more solid and reliable.
Step S112, definition of a high-quality reservoir threshold and drawing of a plan: the research area is mainly formed by delta front edge deposition, a preset deposition microphase is used as a reservoir evaluation element, the thin sand is used as a high-quality reservoir threshold, namely, thin sand and thick sand superior to the thin sand and river channel deposition are defined as high-quality reservoirs, a middle area western evaluation target layer deposition microphase diagram is further drawn, and the area covered by the thin sand, the thick sand and the river channel deposition in the microphase diagram is the plane distribution range of the high-quality reservoirs;
the definition of the quality reservoir threshold may also be varied and should also depend on the geological features of the reservoir in the investigation region. For example, a large-day chlamydia type of reservoir is a river-phase sediment, and a premium reservoir is generally defined as a river sediment; the second type of oil layer is delta plain-inner front edge deposition, and the high-quality reservoir is generally defined as main body sand and river channel deposition; three types of reservoirs are mainly delta inner front-outer front sediments, and quality reservoirs are generally defined as non-body sand, body sand and river sediments.
Step S122, a five-point method virtual well pattern (shown in figure 1) with a well distance of 200m is arranged in an evaluation block range;
step S132, calculating the total number of connection lines corresponding to oil-water well injection and production: setting the injection and production corresponding distance threshold of the oil-water well to be 200m, wherein the oil-water well with the interval exceeding 200m is regarded as not having injection and production relation; taking the water wells as the center, calculating the number of connecting lines corresponding to the injection and production of each water well and the oil well, and accumulating and summing; as shown in fig. 1, the evaluation blocks are arranged at the same time to form a virtual water well 104, and are limited by a 200m interval, and can only establish corresponding connection lines with the oil wells in the well group, wherein the number of the corresponding connection lines is 416.
Step S142, calculating a high-quality communication number: the water well is taken as the center, the connecting line of one or more combinations of thin sand, thick sand and river sediment is defined as high-quality communication, and as shown in figure 2, the path of the oil-water well corresponding connecting line of the target layer is the high-quality communication of 2 or 1 of 3 sand bodies or 3 sand bodies of the river sediment, the thick sand and the thin sand, and the total number of the high-quality communication is 247.
Step S152, calculating a high-quality communication rate: and calculating the quotient of the high-quality communication number (247) of the target layer a and the total number (416) of the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water wells, and obtaining the high-quality communication ratio of 59.4%.
And S162, repeating the steps S102-S152, and calculating the high-quality communication ratio of the rest target layers. b. The high-quality communication ratio of the layers c and d is 24.3%, 29.9% and 49.6% respectively. By comparison, the high-quality communication rate can intuitively reflect the connection degree (figure 3) of the high-quality reservoir, and the higher the high-quality communication rate is, the better the matching relationship between the well pattern and the sand body is.
Compared with the existing sand drilling meeting rate evaluation method, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that:
as shown in fig. 3, there is a significant difference in the degree of effective sand union for 2 evaluation target horizons, in which the G314 layer of premium sand planar morphology is a union distribution, while the P27 layer of premium sand planar morphology is a sporadic distribution. The evaluation result of the plane homogeneity degree by adopting the prior art drilling rate evaluation method cannot reflect the sand body joint degree (see table 1). The above problems are caused by the following drawbacks of the related art: the sand drilling meeting rate evaluation method is based on statistics of single well points, and the inventor refers to the single well point evaluation method for short; the point evaluation method only depends on the number of well points covered by the high-quality sand body on the plane, and the plane distribution characteristics of the high-quality sand body cannot be reflected. The method introduces the concept of high-quality connectivity, and the core idea is to evaluate the corresponding relation between points to form an evaluation network, so that the evaluation means is changed from the original point evaluation to the network evaluation. By using the method of the invention to evaluate the evaluation target horizon, the high-quality communication rate of the small layers distributed by the high-quality sand body connecting pieces is higher, the high-quality communication rate of the small layers distributed by the high-quality sand bodies scattered is lower, and the connecting piece degree of the high-quality sand bodies can be well reflected (compared with the evaluation result of the method in the prior art, the invention is shown in Table 1).
TABLE 1
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating the level of reservoir plane homogeneity by using high-quality connectivity, comprising the steps of:
step 1, determining reservoir property evaluation factors: determining an evaluation target block and acquiring static data of the evaluation target area; according to the acquired static data of the evaluation target area, selecting key geological factors affecting reservoir properties as reservoir property evaluation elements;
step 2, definition of a high-quality reservoir threshold and drawing of a plan: setting a reservoir property evaluation element threshold in the step 1 according to the development requirement and the deposition characteristic of the target block, defining a reservoir within a threshold definition range as a high-quality reservoir, drawing a reservoir property evaluation element plan, and delineating a high-quality reservoir plane distribution range according to the high-quality reservoir threshold;
step 3, deploying a virtual well pattern in the target area: deploying a uniform virtual area well pattern in a target area;
step 4, calculating the total number of the connecting lines corresponding to the oil-water well injection and production: setting a distance threshold according to the knowledge of the deposition characteristics of the target block, and considering that the oil-water well does not have an injection-production relation under the condition that the distance between the oil-water wells exceeds the threshold; calculating the sum of the corresponding connection numbers of the injection and production of the oil well of the evaluation target layer;
step 5, calculating the high-quality injection and production communication number of the oil-water well: in the reservoir property evaluation element plan drawing drawn in the step 2, taking a water well as a center, defining a connection line, which is corresponding to the connection line in the distance threshold and passes through a path reservoir evaluation element and meets a preset condition, as high-quality communication, and calculating the injection and production high-quality communication total number of the oil-water well in the target zone;
step 6, calculating high-quality communication rate: and (5) quantitatively evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir by taking the quotient of the injection and production high-quality communication total number of the oil-water well and the injection and production corresponding connection total number of the oil-water well as the injection and production high-quality communication rate of the target layer in the step (5).
2. A method for evaluating reservoir plane homogeneity by high-quality connectivity according to claim 1, wherein: in step 1, the reservoir property evaluation element is one of the following factors, including: sedimentary facies, lithogenesis, sandstone thickness, net-to-gross, porosity, permeability, saturation, reservoir abundance, and seismic attributes.
3. A method for evaluating reservoir plane homogeneity by high-quality connectivity according to claim 1, wherein: the step 2 of setting the threshold value of the evaluation element is one or a combination of more of the following threshold values according to the geological characteristics of the reservoir of the research area, and comprises the following steps: the permeability is more than 100md, the effective thickness is more than 1m, the net wool ratio is more than 60%, the deposited microphase type is better than the thin layer of the schiff base sand, the clay content is less than 30%, and the oil saturation is more than 50%.
4. A method for evaluating reservoir plane homogeneity by high-quality connectivity according to claim 1, wherein: and 3, selecting the well pattern type and the well spacing of the virtual well pattern according to the later development and adjustment requirements: the uniform virtual area well pattern is in the form of four-point method, five-point method, seven-point method and nine-point method.
5. A method for evaluating reservoir plane homogeneity by high quality communication as defined in claim 4 wherein: and 4, selecting the oil-water well spacing, namely, the requirement that at least 1 oil-water well group in the well pattern form can be accommodated in the range of the target area is met, and meanwhile, the scheme design or development and adjustment of the expected oil-water well spacing are considered.
6. A method for evaluating reservoir plane homogeneity by high quality communication as defined in claim 4 wherein: the virtual well pattern is a five-point method area well pattern, and the oil-water well distance is 200 meters.
7. A method for evaluating reservoir plane homogeneity by high-quality connectivity according to claim 1, wherein: and 4, the distance threshold value in the step is not smaller than the oil-water well distance in the same well group and not larger than 2 times of the oil-water well distance in the same well group.
8. A method for evaluating the level of reservoir plane homogeneity using high quality connectivity according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: and the distance threshold value in the step 4 is set to be the oil-water well distance in the same well group, namely 200m.
9. A method for evaluating reservoir plane homogeneity by high-quality connectivity according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 5, the connection line with the path length ratio of the high-quality reservoir being greater than 80% on the path of the corresponding connection line of the oil-water well in the reservoir evaluation element plan view is defined as high-quality communication.
10. A method for evaluating the level of reservoir plane homogeneity using good connectivity according to claim 1, 2 or 9, wherein: in the step 5, the connection lines of the reservoir evaluation element plan view, through which the corresponding connection lines of the oil-water wells pass, are all river channel deposition are defined as high-quality connection.
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