CN110727027B - Fine carving method for multi-period river sand - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fine carving method for multi-period river sand, and belongs to the field of oil and gas exploration. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring geological background data, core data, sediment background data, three-dimensional seismic data, single-well logging data and core sample test data of target river sand; determining the sand body type and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type of the target river channel sand according to geological background data, core data, sediment background data and core sample test data; determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background information, the single-well logging information, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types; determining the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics and the three-dimensional seismic data of the different types of sand bodies; according to the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies, three-dimensional seismic space prediction is carried out on the different types of sand bodies; and superposing the three-dimensional seismic space predictions of different types of sand bodies to obtain the spatial distribution of the river sand for multiple periods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration, in particular to a fine carving method for multi-period river channel sand.
Background
The compact oil gas is an unconventional petroleum resource with the characteristics of large resource quantity, wide distribution range, large development potential, low density and the like. Dense oil gas in China is mainly distributed in Sichuan basins, and riverways are generally distributed in basins. By finely depicting the river sand in the river for multiple periods, the excavation of compact oil gas is facilitated. Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a fine characterization method for river sand in multiple periods.
The related technology provides a fine depicting method of multi-period river channel sand, which comprises the following steps: step 1: and determining seismic response characteristics corresponding to different sand body deposition modes so as to identify river channel characteristics. Step 2: and determining the phase relation of the sand layer on the time section through a sand removal test, and identifying the envelope surface of the river channel sand body aiming at the earthquake response characteristics of the river channel. And step 3: and cutting stratum slices at equal time intervals from top to bottom to obtain the superposed relationship of the riverways of different periods. And 4, step 4: and carrying out clustering analysis on five types of basic attributes and other unconventional attributes to determine the boundary of the river sand body. And 5: and carrying out fine stratum comparison to determine the superposition relationship of the internal spaces of the sand bodies, accurately implementing the oil-containing area and the reserve volume of the separated sand bodies and determining the deployment range of the development well pattern.
The inventors found that the related art has at least the following problems:
in the step 3, the stratigraphic slices need to be cut at equal time intervals from top to bottom, but the stratigraphic slices cut in the time intervals cannot be guaranteed to be sand bodies deposited in the same period, namely, when the sand bodies penetrate, objective geological conditions and deposition rules are not met, so that the space distribution rule of the river channel sand of multiple periods cannot be accurately predicted in the later period, and then the river channel sand of the multiple periods is finely depicted.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for finely depicting riverway sand for multiple periods, which can solve the technical problems of the related art. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method for finely depicting riverway sand for multiple periods, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring geological background data, core data, sediment background data, three-dimensional seismic data, single-well logging data and core sample test data of target river sand;
determining the sand body type of the target river sand and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the sediment background data and the rock core sample test data;
determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background information, the single-well logging information, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types;
determining the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies and the three-dimensional seismic data;
according to the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies, three-dimensional seismic space prediction is carried out on the different types of sand bodies;
determining the longitudinal distribution time window intervals of different types of sand bodies according to the geological background data, the rock core data and the sediment background data;
according to the time window intervals of the longitudinal distribution of the different types of sand bodies, river channel sand in the different time window intervals is identified and predicted;
and carrying out space superposition on the river channel sand in different time window intervals to obtain the space distribution of the river channel sand for multiple periods.
In one possible design, the determining the sand type of the target channel sand and the longitudinal distribution of the sand type according to the geological background data, the core data, the sediment background data, and the core sample test data includes:
determining the sand body type of the target river sand according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the sediment background data and the rock core sample test data;
and longitudinally grouping the target river channel sand according to the deposition background information and the sand body types to obtain the longitudinal distribution of different types of sand bodies.
In one possible design, the determining the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies and the three-dimensional seismic data comprises:
carrying out well-to-seismic calibration and sand tracking on different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies and the three-dimensional seismic data;
and determining the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the well seismic calibration, the sand body tracking and the single well logging data.
In one possible design, the superimposing three-dimensional seismic spatial predictions of different types of sand bodies to obtain a spatial distribution of channel sand for multiple periods of time includes:
determining the longitudinal distribution time window intervals of different types of sand bodies according to the geological background data, the rock core data and the sediment background data;
according to the time window intervals of the longitudinal distribution of the different types of sand bodies, river channel sand in the different time window intervals is identified and predicted;
and carrying out space superposition on the river channel sand in different time window intervals to obtain the space distribution of the river channel sand for multiple periods.
In one possible design, the core data includes: sandstone lithology, lithological color, sedimentary structure, paleontological fossil, slice identification result and mercury intrusion parameter data.
In one possible design, the deposition context includes: lithology combination characteristics, depositional gyrus characteristics, depositional microfacies characteristics.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the fine carving method for the multi-period river channel sand, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the steps of obtaining geological background data, core data, sediment background data, three-dimensional seismic data, single-well logging data and core sample testing data of target river channel sand; determining the sand body type and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type of the target river channel sand according to geological background data, core data, sediment background data and core sample test data; determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background information, the single-well logging information, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types; determining the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics and the three-dimensional seismic data of the different types of sand bodies; according to the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies, three-dimensional seismic space prediction is carried out on the different types of sand bodies; determining the longitudinal distribution time window intervals of different types of sand bodies according to geological background data, core data and sediment background data; according to the time window intervals of the longitudinal distribution of different types of sand bodies, river channel sand in different time window intervals is identified and predicted; and carrying out space superposition on the river channel sand in different time window intervals to obtain the space distribution of the river channel sand for multiple periods. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention overlaps the three-dimensional seismic space prediction of different types of sand bodies to obtain the space distribution of the multi-period river channel sand, does not relate to the sand body penetration, accords with objective geological conditions and deposition rules, can finely depict the space distribution of the multi-period river channel sand, is convenient for identifying the multi-period river channel sand, and is beneficial to the excavation of dense oil and gas.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for fine-characterization of multi-stage channel sands provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of performance of sediment background data and core data for different sand groups according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a natural gamma characteristic of different types of sand provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a seismic well-tie inversion profile provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a space distribution characteristic of riverway sand of different periods provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the examples of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for finely depicting riverway sand for multiple periods, which comprises the following steps of:
And 102, determining the sand body type and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type of the target river channel sand according to geological background data, core data, sediment background data and core sample test data.
103, determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background information, the single-well logging information, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types.
And step 104, determining the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics and the three-dimensional seismic data of the different types of sand bodies.
And 105, expanding three-dimensional seismic space prediction on the sand bodies of different types according to the geophysical response characteristics of the sand bodies of different types.
And 106, determining the longitudinal distribution time window intervals of different types of sand bodies according to geological background data, core data and sediment background data.
And 107, according to the longitudinally distributed time window intervals of the different types of sand bodies, identifying and predicting the river channel sand in the different time window intervals.
And 108, spatially superposing the river channel sand in different time window intervals to obtain spatial distribution of the river channel sand for multiple periods.
The fine carving method for the multi-period river channel sand, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the steps of obtaining geological background data, core data, sediment background data, three-dimensional seismic data, single-well logging data and core sample testing data of target river channel sand; determining the sand body type and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type of the target river channel sand according to geological background data, core data, sediment background data and core sample test data; determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background information, the single-well logging information, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types; determining the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics and the three-dimensional seismic data of the different types of sand bodies; according to the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies, three-dimensional seismic space prediction is carried out on the different types of sand bodies; determining the longitudinal distribution time window intervals of different types of sand bodies according to geological background data, core data and sediment background data; according to the time window intervals of the longitudinal distribution of different types of sand bodies, river channel sand in different time window intervals is identified and predicted; and carrying out space superposition on the river channel sand in different time window intervals to obtain the space distribution of the river channel sand for multiple periods. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention overlaps the three-dimensional seismic space prediction of different types of sand bodies to obtain the space distribution of the multi-period river channel sand, does not relate to the sand body penetration, accords with objective geological conditions and deposition rules, can finely depict the space distribution of the multi-period river channel sand, is convenient for identifying the multi-period river channel sand, and is beneficial to the excavation of dense oil and gas.
Wherein, the "core data" mentioned in step 101 includes: lithology description, rock color, sedimentary structure, paleontological fossil, core physical property data, slice identification result, mercury intrusion parameter data and the like.
"deposition background information" includes: lithology combination characteristics, depositional gyrus characteristics, depositional microfacies characteristics.
The single well logging data comprises: the single well sedimentary facies research result, the well drilling oil and gas display data, the single well logging curve data, the single well logging interpretation result (sand body thickness, reservoir physical property, crack interpretation result and the like), the single well test data, the single well oil extraction accumulated data and the like.
"three-dimensional seismic data" means: and observing on an observation surface, and performing three-dimensional offset superposition processing on the obtained data to obtain the characteristics of the underground geologic body structure in a three-dimensional space.
The "longitudinal" direction referred to in step 102 refers to the vertical direction.
The "log response characteristic" referred to in step 103 refers to: the logging electrical characteristics corresponding to the different types of sand body deposition micro-phases can be characterized by a natural gamma curve.
The "geophysical response characteristics" referred to in step 104 refer to: a measured physical quantity of the subject comprising: gravity, magnetic field, resistivity, arrival time of wave, etc. It is understood that the geophysical response characteristics include: seismic interpretation data, single well logging data, etc.
The following is described for each of the above steps:
in step 101, geological background data, core data, sediment background data, three-dimensional seismic data, and single well logging data are all historical data of target channel sand. The core samples are respectively obtained from a plurality of oil wells in a target river sand area and analyzed to obtain core sample test data.
In step 102, determining the sand type of the target channel sand and the longitudinal distribution of the sand type according to the geological background data, the core data, the sediment background data and the core sample test data, including:
step 1021, determining the sand body type of the target river channel sand according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the sediment background data and the rock core sample test data.
And 1022, longitudinally grouping the target river channel sand according to the deposition background data and the sand body types to obtain the longitudinal distribution of different types of sand bodies.
Through the steps, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand bodies of different types are accurately determined, a foundation is laid for accurately determining the logging response characteristics and the geophysical response characteristics of the sand bodies of different types and performing three-dimensional seismic space prediction on the sand bodies of different types in the follow-up process, and then the fine depiction of the river channel sand of multiple periods can be performed with high precision.
In step 104, determining the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics and the three-dimensional seismic data of the different types of sand bodies, wherein the determining step comprises the following steps:
and 1041, performing well seismic calibration and sand tracking on the different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics and the three-dimensional seismic data of the different types of sand bodies.
1042, determining the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to well seismic calibration, sand body tracking and single well logging data.
The "well-to-seismic calibration" mentioned in step 1041 is a common seismic interpretation step in the art, and is a bridge for connecting logging, seismic and geological information, and the accuracy of the result directly determines the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies. Taking the compressional wave as an example, the process of well seismic calibration generally includes: a. calculating a reflection coefficient based on logging data obtained by logging; b. convolution is carried out on the seismic wavelets and the reflection coefficient to generate a synthetic record; c. and comparing and analyzing the synthetic record and the seismic data and the development horizon and the seismic interpretation horizon at each level, and performing time depth calibration.
Through the steps, the well seismic calibration and sand tracking of different types of sand bodies are obtained, and the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies can be accurately determined by combining single well logging information, so that a foundation is laid for finely depicting the river sand in the later period.
The "longitudinally distributed time window interval" mentioned in step 106 may be understood as: sand is in a specific time domain within a certain deposition cycle.
In step 108, spatially overlapping the channel sands in different time window intervals may be understood as: and according to the time window intervals, carrying out space superposition on the river channel sand in different time window intervals to obtain the space distribution of the river channel for multiple periods.
Through the steps 106-108, the sand body can be prevented from being worn, objective geological conditions and deposition rules can be met, and the spatial distribution rule of the river channel sand in multiple periods can be obtained conveniently and accurately.
The present invention will be further described below by way of specific examples.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the river sand of one section of river phase and multiple periods of river sand in the dwarfism GSM (public switched telephone temple) oil field in the four-Sichuan basin is taken as an example, and the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is adopted to finely depict the multiple periods of river sand in the area. Specifically, the process of the method for finely depicting the river sand for multiple periods provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
And 2, determining that the sand body of a section of river section of the sand mainly comprises beach bar sand (mat-shaped sand) and river channel sand according to the obtained core sample test data, geological background data, core data and sediment background data of the G27, G28, G30, G31 and G44 oil wells. Then, according to the deposition background data such as lithologic combination characteristics, deposition cycle characteristics, deposition microphase characteristics and the like, the two main types of sand bodies are sequentially divided into five sand layer groups from bottom to top: the first sand bank includes: beach-dam sand. The second sand bank includes: delta front facies riverway. The third sand bank includes: delta plain river. The fourth sand bank includes: delta plain river. The fifth sand bank includes: delta front facies riverway. The properties of the sediment background data, the rock core data and the like of the sand bodies corresponding to different sand layer groups are shown in the attached figure 2 in detail.
And 3, determining the logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the single well logging information, the sand body types and five sand layer groups, such as the deposition background information, the single well logging curve data, the single well logging interpretation result (sand body thickness, reservoir layer thickness, reservoir physical property, fracture interpretation result and the like), the single well testing data, the single well oil extraction accumulated data and the like, and the specific details are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1
Wherein G57, G003-X5 are typical oil wells obtained from well logs.
And 4, carrying out well seismic calibration on the different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics and the three-dimensional seismic data of the different types of sand bodies, and carrying out sand body tracking. And then determining the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to single well logging data such as well seismic calibration, sand body tracking, single well logging curve data and the like, wherein the geophysical response characteristics are as follows:
the natural gamma distribution of the bottom beach lake facies mat sand (beach dam sand) is between 50 and 100API, the weighted average natural gamma is 71.33API, and the arithmetic average natural gamma is 72.76 API. The natural gamma distribution of the front edge of the delta in the middle and lower parts and the plain river sand (namely the river sand) is between 40 and 90API, the weighted average natural gamma is 62.16API, and the arithmetic average natural gamma is 65.33API, which can be seen in figure 3.
And 5, according to the geophysical response characteristics of different sand bodies, performing three-dimensional seismic space prediction on the sand bodies of different types. Taking the G115 well as an example, the well seismic calibration result is: the river channel sand earthquake reflection is characterized by strong reflection, and the river channel is in a lens shape on the section and has poor continuity. The seismic reflection characteristic of the mat-shaped sand is weak reflection, the section is distributed in a large area, the continuity is good, the thickness is small, and particularly, the figure 4 can be seen.
Step 6, extracting time window intervals corresponding to the first sand layer group, the second sand layer group, the third sand layer group, the fourth sand layer group and the fifth sand layer group respectively according to geological background information, rock core information and deposition background information: 0 to 20ms, 20 to 50ms, 50 to 70ms, 70 to 110ms, more than 110 ms. And according to the time window intervals of the five sand layer groups, river channel sand in different time window intervals is identified and predicted. And then, carrying out space superposition on the river channel sand in different time window intervals to obtain the space distribution of the river channel for multiple periods, and referring to an attached drawing 5.
Based on the above, after the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is utilized to finely depict the river sand of multiple periods in the one-section river phase of the Jurassic dense oil gas GSM oil field sand in the Sichuan basin, the river sand of the multiple periods can be accurately identified and predicted, the exploration target can be quickly locked, the exploration and development cost is reduced, and the excavation of the dense oil gas is facilitated.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for finely depicting riverway sand for multiple periods is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring geological background data, core data, sediment background data, three-dimensional seismic data, single-well logging data and core sample test data of target river sand;
determining the sand body type of the target river sand and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the sediment background data and the rock core sample test data;
determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background information, the single-well logging information, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types;
determining the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies and the three-dimensional seismic data;
according to the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies, three-dimensional seismic space prediction is carried out on the different types of sand bodies;
determining the longitudinal distribution time window intervals of different types of sand bodies according to the geological background data, the rock core data and the sediment background data;
according to the time window intervals of the longitudinal distribution of the different types of sand bodies, river channel sand in the different time window intervals is identified and predicted;
carrying out spatial superposition on the river channel sand in different time window intervals to obtain the spatial distribution of the river channel sand of the multiple periods;
determining the sand body type of the target river channel sand and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the sediment background data and the rock core sample test data, wherein the determining comprises the following steps:
determining the sand body type of the target river sand according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the sediment background data and the rock core sample test data;
and longitudinally grouping the target river channel sand according to the deposition background information and the sand body types to obtain the longitudinal distribution of different types of sand bodies.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the geophysical response characteristics of the different types of sand from the log response characteristics of the different types of sand, the three-dimensional seismic data, comprises:
carrying out well-to-seismic calibration and sand tracking on different types of sand bodies according to the logging response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies and the three-dimensional seismic data;
and determining the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the well seismic calibration, the sand body tracking and the single well logging data.
3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the core data comprises: sandstone lithology, lithological color, sedimentary structure, paleontological fossil, slice identification result and mercury intrusion parameter data.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the deposition context comprises: lithology combination characteristics, depositional gyrus characteristics, depositional microfacies characteristics.
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