CN110795513B - Method for predicting distribution of river facies source storage ectopic type compact oil gas dessert area - Google Patents
Method for predicting distribution of river facies source storage ectopic type compact oil gas dessert area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting distribution of a river facies source reservoir ectopic type compact oil gas dessert area, and belongs to the field of oil gas exploration. The method comprises the following steps: determining actual hydrocarbon source rocks from which natural gas and crude oil in the target river sand originate according to historical data; establishing a TOC logging calculation model of the actual source rock according to the actual source rock, rock core data and single well logging data, and drawing plane distribution of the source rock according to the TOC logging calculation model and well point distribution; developing reservoir interpretation according to historical data and drawing reservoir plane spread; performing crack prediction analysis and hydrocarbon storage fracture profile analysis according to the post-stack crack detection method and historical data, and drawing a crack prediction plan view and a hydrocarbon storage fracture plan view of the target river sand; establishing an evaluation standard of the dessert region; and superposing the hydrocarbon source rock plane spread, the reservoir plane spread, the crack prediction plane map and the hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plane map, and determining the distribution of the ectopic compact oil and gas dessert regions of the target river sand and river source reservoir according to the dessert region evaluation standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration, in particular to a method for predicting distribution of a river phase source storage ectopic type compact oil and gas dessert area.
Background
The compact oil is an unconventional petroleum resource with the characteristics of large resource quantity, wide distribution range, large development potential, low density and the like. The Sichuan basin is one of key dense oil-gas basins in China, and the dense oil-gas in the Sichuan basin is mainly river facies source reservoir ex-situ type dense oil, has the characteristics of strong heterogeneity, poor reservoir conditions, complex enrichment rules and the like, and is difficult to predict a dense oil-gas dessert region. In order to easily extract the river facies source ectopic dense oil and gas, it is necessary to provide a method for predicting the dessert region distribution of the river facies source ectopic dense oil and gas.
The related art provides a prediction method of a compact oil and gas sweet spot area, which comprises the following steps: constructing a locally orthogonalized mesh (PEBI) grid using the evaluation zone boundary points and the pre-obtained drilling data, the PEBI grid comprising: well control grids and no well control grids; obtaining evaluation parameters of a well control grid according to pre-obtained drilling data, and obtaining the evaluation parameters of a non-well control grid by utilizing the evaluation parameters of the well control grid and through spatial interpolation; acquiring PEBI grid oil drainage quantity according to pre-acquired drilling data and source rock distribution data, and calculating the maximum oil filling coefficient of the PEBI grid according to the PEBI grid oil drainage quantity; correcting the PEBI grid oil filling coefficient without the well control grid by using the PEBI grid maximum oil filling coefficient; and estimating the geological resource amount and the resource abundance of the non-well control grid according to the evaluation parameters of the non-well control grid, the pre-obtained ground crude oil density, the PEBI grid area and the original crude oil volume coefficient obtained by using the pre-obtained drilling data.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
the method provided by the prior art only predicts the distribution of the compact oil and gas sweet-spot region from the angle of the hydrocarbon source rock, has poor precision, and is not suitable for predicting the heterogeneous compact oil and gas sweet-spot region of the river phase source reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for predicting the distribution of a river facies source reservoir ectopic type compact oil and gas dessert area, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method for predicting the distribution of a river facies source reservoir ectopic type compact oil and gas sweet spot, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring geological background data, core data, natural gas data, crude oil data, single well logging data, logging interpretation results, three-dimensional seismic interpretation results, natural gas samples, crude oil samples and well point distribution of target river sand;
determining actual hydrocarbon source rocks from which natural gas and crude oil in the target river sand are derived according to the natural gas data, the crude oil data, the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample;
establishing a TOC logging calculation model of the actual hydrocarbon source rock according to the actual hydrocarbon source rock, the rock core data and the single well logging data, and drawing planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rock according to the TOC logging calculation model and the well point distribution;
according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the single-well logging data, the logging interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, conducting reservoir interpretation and drawing reservoir plane spread;
according to the post-stack crack detection method, the logging interpretation result, the three-dimensional seismic interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, performing crack prediction analysis and hydrocarbon reservoir fracture profile analysis, and drawing a crack prediction plan and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan of the target river sand;
establishing a dessert area evaluation standard according to the single well logging information;
and superposing the hydrocarbon source rock plane spread, the reservoir plane spread, the fracture prediction plane map and the hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plane map, and determining the distribution of the target river sand and river phase source reservoir ectopic compact oil and gas dessert regions according to the dessert region evaluation standard.
In one possible design, the creating a TOC logging calculation model of the actual source rock according to the actual source rock, the core data, and the single well logging data, and drawing a hydrocarbon source rock plane spread according to the TOC logging calculation model and the well point distribution include:
obtaining a first core sample from the actual source rock;
acquiring a TOC value of the first core sample, comparing and analyzing the TOC value with the single well logging information, screening out a sensitive logging curve, fitting the sensitive logging curve, and determining a TOC logging calculation model;
calculating the TOC of the hydrocarbon source rock, the thickness of the hydrocarbon source rock and the quality of the hydrocarbon source rock of the single well logging according to the TOC logging calculation model and the single well logging information;
and drawing the planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rocks according to the single-well logging hydrocarbon source rock TOC, the hydrocarbon source rock thickness, the hydrocarbon source rock quality and the well point distribution.
In one possible design, the TOC log calculation model is the following equation:
wherein, TOC is the content of organic carbon, and the unit is%; AC is sound wave time difference with the unit of m/s; GR is natural gamma, in API; RT is deep resistivity, and the unit is omega · m; a. b, c, d and e are all coefficients.
In one possible design, the developing reservoir interpretation and drawing reservoir plane distribution according to the geological background data, the core data, the single well logging data, the logging interpretation result and the actual source rock comprises:
obtaining sediment background information and a second core sample from the reservoir of the target river sand;
determining the sand body type of the target river channel sand and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type according to the geological background information, the rock core information, the second rock core sample and the sediment background information;
determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background information, the single-well logging information, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types;
according to the logging response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies, carrying out well-seismic calibration and sand body tracking, and depicting the plane spread of the target river channel sand;
and drawing the reservoir plane spread of the target river channel sand according to the plane spread of the target river channel sand and the logging interpretation result.
In one possible design, the performing fracture prediction analysis and hydrocarbon reservoir fracture profile analysis according to the post-stack fracture detection method, the well logging interpretation result, the three-dimensional seismic interpretation result, and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, and drawing a fracture prediction plan and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan of the target channel sand includes:
obtaining a third core sample from the reservoir of the target river sand;
detecting the crack development of the third core sample according to the post-stack crack detection method;
according to the crack development of the third core sample and the well logging interpretation result, performing crack prediction by adopting a pre-stack crack prediction technology, and drawing a crack prediction plan of the river sand for multiple periods;
carrying out ant tracing according to the crack prediction, and depicting a hydrocarbon storage fracture section;
and drawing a hydrocarbon storage fracture plan of the river sand for multiple periods according to the stratum inheritance principle.
In one possible design, the establishing the sweet spot evaluation criteria according to the single well logging information comprises:
the single well logging data comprises: single well testing output and single well oil production accumulated output;
and establishing the evaluation standard of the dessert area according to the single well test yield and the single well oil recovery accumulated yield.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for predicting the distribution of the river facies source storage ectopic type compact oil and gas dessert area, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the steps of obtaining geological background information, rock core information, natural gas information, crude oil information, single well logging information, logging interpretation results, three-dimensional seismic interpretation results, natural gas samples, crude oil samples and well point distribution of target river sand. And determining actual hydrocarbon source rocks from which the natural gas and the crude oil in the target river sand are derived according to the natural gas data, the crude oil data, the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample. And establishing a TOC logging calculation model of the actual hydrocarbon source rock according to the actual hydrocarbon source rock, rock core data and single well logging data, and drawing the planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rock according to the TOC logging calculation model and well point distribution. And developing reservoir interpretation according to geological background data, core data, single well logging data, logging interpretation results and actual hydrocarbon source rocks, and drawing reservoir plane distribution. And performing fracture prediction analysis and hydrocarbon reservoir fracture profile analysis according to the post-stack fracture detection method, the logging interpretation result, the three-dimensional seismic interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, and drawing a fracture prediction plan view and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan view of the target river sand. And establishing an evaluation standard of the dessert region according to the single well logging information. And superposing the hydrocarbon source rock plane spread, the reservoir plane spread, the crack prediction plane graph and the hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plane graph, and determining the source reservoir heterotopic compact oil and gas dessert area distribution according to the dessert area evaluation standard. The method has high prediction precision and small exploration and development risks, and is suitable for predicting the river facies source reservoir ectopic type compact oil and gas dessert area.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for predicting distribution of a river facies source reservoir ectopic type compact oil and gas sweet spot area provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the properties of sediment background data and core data of different sand groups in the GSM oilfield provided in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the correlation performance of single well logging of source rock TOC, source rock thickness, and source rock quality provided in example 1;
FIG. 4-1 is a graph showing the distribution of the thickness of the river sand in stage II in the G115H well provided in example 1;
FIG. 4-2 is a graph showing the porosity of the river sand in stage II in the G115H well provided in example 1;
fig. 5 is a phase II source reservoir ectopic riverway sand compacted oil dessert region layout provided in example 1.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the examples of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Before further detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, definitions are given for some terms used to understand examples of the present invention. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for predicting the distribution of a river facies source reservoir ectopic type compact oil and gas sweet spot, which comprises the following steps of:
And 102, determining actual hydrocarbon source rocks from which natural gas and crude oil in the target river sand are derived according to the natural gas data, the crude oil data, the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample.
103, establishing a TOC logging calculation model of the actual hydrocarbon source rock according to the actual hydrocarbon source rock, rock core data and single well logging data, and drawing the planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rock according to the TOC logging calculation model and well point distribution.
And 104, developing reservoir interpretation according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the single well logging data, the logging interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, and drawing the planar distribution of the reservoir.
And 105, performing fracture prediction analysis and hydrocarbon reservoir fracture profile analysis according to the post-stack fracture detection method, the logging interpretation result, the three-dimensional seismic interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, and drawing a fracture prediction plan view and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan view of the target river sand.
And step 106, establishing a dessert area evaluation standard according to the single well logging information.
And 107, superposing the hydrocarbon source rock plane spread, the reservoir plane spread, the fracture prediction plane graph and the hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plane graph, and determining the distribution of the target river sand river source reservoir ectopic compact oil and gas dessert area according to the dessert area evaluation standard.
The method for predicting the distribution of the river facies source storage ectopic type compact oil and gas dessert area, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the steps of obtaining geological background information, rock core information, natural gas information, crude oil information, single well logging information, logging interpretation results, three-dimensional seismic interpretation results, natural gas samples, crude oil samples and well point distribution of target river sand. And determining actual hydrocarbon source rocks from which the natural gas and the crude oil in the target river sand are derived according to the natural gas data, the crude oil data, the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample. And establishing a TOC logging calculation model of the actual hydrocarbon source rock according to the actual hydrocarbon source rock, rock core data and single well logging data, and drawing the planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rock according to the TOC logging calculation model and well point distribution. And developing reservoir interpretation according to geological background data, core data, single well logging data, logging interpretation results and actual hydrocarbon source rocks, and drawing reservoir plane distribution. And performing fracture prediction analysis and hydrocarbon reservoir fracture section analysis according to the post-stack fracture detection method, the well logging interpretation result, the three-dimensional seismic interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, and drawing a fracture prediction plan view and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan view of the target river sand. And establishing an evaluation standard of the dessert region according to the single well logging information. And superposing the hydrocarbon source rock plane spread, the reservoir plane spread, the crack prediction plane graph and the hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plane graph, and determining the source reservoir heterotopic compact oil and gas dessert area distribution according to the dessert area evaluation standard. The method has high prediction precision and small exploration and development risks, and is suitable for predicting the river facies source storage ectopic type compact oil and gas dessert region.
In addition, by using the method for predicting the distribution of the river facies source storage ectopic type compact oil dessert area, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the enriched high-yield area can be selected in the exploration phase of the land facies source storage ectopic type river channel sand compact oil, and the method has very important significance for a real reserve area and a core production area. Compared with the traditional source-storage integrated or source-storage adjacent compact oil enrichment high-yield area, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention focuses on the effective dredging and gathering of source-storage ectopic oil and gas. The river channel sand compact oil and gas reservoir formation is mainly controlled by hydrocarbon, storage, fracture, seam and the like, and the key point of the reservoir formation is whether the reservoir is broken to communicate the hydrocarbon source rock with the river channel sand or not. Therefore, the method has the advantages that the explanation of the special source storage configuration characteristics of the source storage ex-situ river channel sand compact oil is more comprehensive, deeper and more accurate, the characteristics of the type of compact oil can be more effectively represented, the applicability is stronger, and the method provided by the embodiment of the invention provides reliable technical guarantee for the quality and the benefit of exploration and development of the type of compact oil.
Wherein, the "core data" related to step 101 includes: lithology description, rock color, sedimentary structure, paleontological fossil, core physical property data, slice identification result, mercury intrusion parameter data and the like.
The single well logging data comprises: the single well sedimentary facies research result, the well drilling oil and gas display data, the single well logging curve data, the single well logging interpretation result (sand body thickness, reservoir physical property, crack interpretation result and the like), the single well test data, the single well oil extraction accumulated data and the like.
The three-dimensional seismic interpretation result comprises: river course spreading, river course sand thickness, river course sand porosity, oil saturation, fracture space spreading, fracture prediction results and the like.
The TOC in the "TOC log calculation model" referred to in step 103 refers to: mass fraction of organic carbon.
The following is described for each of the above steps:
in step 101, geological background data, core data, natural gas data, crude oil data, single well logging data, logging interpretation results and three-dimensional seismic interpretation results are all historical data of target river sand. And respectively acquiring a natural gas sample and a crude oil sample in a plurality of oil wells of the target river sand area.
In step 102, the actual source rock from which the natural gas and the crude oil are derived in the target river sand is determined according to the natural gas data, the crude oil data, the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample.
Specifically, the component characteristics and the carbon isotope characteristics of the natural gas sample are compared with the component characteristics and the carbon isotope characteristics in the natural gas data, the isotope characteristics of the crude oil are compared with the crude oil carbon isotope characteristics in the crude oil data, and then the actual hydrocarbon source rocks from which the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample are derived are judged.
In step 103, establishing a TOC logging calculation model of the actual source rock according to the actual source rock, the core data and the single well logging data, and drawing a planar distribution of the source rock according to the TOC logging calculation model and the well point distribution, including:
and step 1031, obtaining a first core sample from the actual hydrocarbon source rock.
And step 1032, acquiring the TOC value of the first core sample, comparing and analyzing the TOC value with single-well logging information, screening out a sensitive logging curve, fitting the sensitive logging curve, and determining a TOC logging calculation model.
It should be noted that, the well-taking section of the first core sample is obtained, and is compared and analyzed with the single-well logging data of the corresponding well-taking section, so as to determine the TOC logging calculation model. And then the TOC logging calculation model can be used for TOC logging interpretation of the whole area drilling well.
And 1033, calculating the TOC of the hydrocarbon source rock, the thickness of the hydrocarbon source rock and the quality of the hydrocarbon source rock of the single well logging according to the TOC logging calculation model and the single well logging information.
Wherein the thickness and the quality of the source rock are the product of the TOC of the source rock and the thickness of the source rock.
And 1034, drawing the planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rocks according to the TOC of the hydrocarbon source rocks, the thickness of the hydrocarbon source rocks, the quality of the hydrocarbon source rocks and the well point distribution of the single well logging.
Through the steps, the planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rock is accurately determined, and a foundation is laid for determining the distribution of the source and reservoir heterotopic compact oil and gas dessert regions with high accuracy in the later period.
Specifically, step 103 can also be understood as: and establishing a TOC logging interpretation mode according to the measured TOC of the coring well section and the logging curve of the corresponding depth section. And performing TOC logging interpretation on the whole area well drilling according to the TOC logging interpretation model. Statistical single well impairment-sensitive logs interpret thickness with TOC greater than 1% and mean TOC values, and calculate source rock quality (mean TOC x source rock thickness) for each well. And performing difference analysis by using the values of the quality (average TOC multiplied by the thickness of the source rock) of the source rock at all well points in the area, drawing a planar distribution diagram of the quality of the source rock in the area, and determining the distribution of a high-value area and a development area of the source rock in the area.
Specifically, the TOC log calculation model is the following formula:
wherein, TOC is the content of organic carbon, and the unit is%; AC is sound wave time difference with the unit of m/s; GR is natural gamma, in API; RT is the deep resistivity, with the unit of Ω · m; a. b, c, d and e are all coefficients.
In step 104, according to the geological background data, the core data, the single-well logging data, the logging interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, developing reservoir interpretation and drawing reservoir plane distribution, including:
and 1041, obtaining sediment background data and obtaining a second core sample from a reservoir of the target river sand.
Wherein, deposit background information is the historical data of target river course sand, and deposit background information includes: lithological combinatorial features, depositional gyral features, depositional microphase features.
Step 1042, determining the sand body type of the target river sand and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the second rock core sample and the sedimentation background data.
Specifically, the sand body type of the target river sand is determined according to geological background data, core data, sediment background data and test data of a core sample. And according to the deposition background information and the sand body types, longitudinally grouping the target river channel sand to obtain the longitudinal distribution of different types of sand bodies.
And 1043, determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background data, the single-well logging data, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types.
"log response characteristics" refer to: the logging electrical characteristics corresponding to the different types of sand body deposition micro-phases can be characterized by a natural gamma curve.
And step 1044, carrying out well seismic calibration and sand body tracking according to the logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies, and depicting the plane spread of the target river sand.
"well-to-seismic calibration" is a common seismic interpretation step in the field, and is a bridge connecting well logging, seismic and geological information, and whether the result is accurate directly determines the geophysical response characteristics of different types of sand bodies. Taking the compressional wave as an example, the process of well seismic calibration generally includes: a. calculating a reflection coefficient based on logging data obtained by logging; b. convolution is carried out on the seismic wavelets and the reflection coefficient to generate a synthetic record; c. and comparing and analyzing the synthetic record and the seismic data and the development horizon and the seismic interpretation horizon at each level, and performing time depth calibration.
And 1045, drawing the reservoir stratum plane spread of the target river channel sand according to the plane spread of the target river channel sand and the well logging interpretation result.
Specifically, reservoir plane spreading is drawn finely according to well logging interpretation results such as plane spreading, sand body thickness, reservoir physical properties and fracture interpretation results of river sand of multiple periods.
Through the steps, the reservoir plane spread is drawn finely, and a foundation is laid for determining the source reservoir heterotopic compact oil and gas dessert area distribution in a later period with high precision.
Specifically, for reservoir interpretation or prediction, the following methods may be employed: and carrying out well seismic calibration, and determining the sandstone seismic response characteristic as a strong peak. And according to the well logging lithology recognition result, carrying out gamma inversion when the natural gamma of the sandstone is lower than 75API, and recognizing the sandstone in the seismic section. And carrying out correlation analysis by using the well logging interpretation result and the seismic attribute, and deleting the attribute with the best relationship, such as speed. And in the sandstone with natural gamma less than 75API, developing speed prediction according to the screened speed parameters. According to the relation between the speed and the porosity, the reservoir porosity corresponding to the speed value can be converted.
In step 105, according to the post-stack fracture detection method, the well logging interpretation result, the three-dimensional seismic interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, performing fracture prediction analysis and hydrocarbon reservoir fracture profile analysis, and drawing a fracture prediction plan and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan of the target river sand, including:
step 1051, a third core sample is obtained from a reservoir of the target channel sand.
And 1052, detecting the crack development of the third core sample according to a post-stack crack detection method.
The post-stack crack detection method comprises the following steps: similarity, tilt, curvature, RS properties, etc.
And 1053, predicting the cracks by adopting a pre-stack crack prediction technology according to the crack development and well logging interpretation results of the third core sample, and drawing a crack prediction plan of the river channel sand for multiple periods.
The pre-stack crack prediction technology comprises the following steps: prestack AVOaz inversion.
And 1054, tracing ants according to the crack prediction, and depicting a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture section.
And 1055, drawing a hydrocarbon storage fracture plan of the river sand for multiple periods according to the stratum inheritance principle.
It should be noted that the stratum inheritance principle can be considered as follows: the fractures and fractures at each time period are stacked in the longitudinal direction in accordance with the depositional isochronous grid to determine the effective dredging system and filling range (i.e., to form a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan).
Through the steps, a fracture prediction plan and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan are drawn finely, and a foundation is laid for determining the distribution of the source reservoir heterotopic compact oil and gas dessert region with high precision in the later period.
106, establishing an evaluation standard of the dessert region according to the single well logging information, wherein the evaluation standard comprises the following steps:
the single well logging data comprises: and single well testing yield and single well oil production accumulated yield.
And establishing a dessert area evaluation standard according to the single-well test yield and the single-well oil extraction accumulated yield.
And determining the better values of the single-well test yield and the single-well oil production accumulated yield according to the single-well test yield and the single-well oil production accumulated yield, and using the better values as the evaluation standard of the dessert area.
The present invention will be further described below by way of specific examples.
In the following examples, the operations referred to are those without the indications of conditions, and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The raw materials are conventional products which can be obtained commercially by manufacturers and specifications.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is adopted to predict the distribution of a river facies source reservoir ectopic compact oil and gas dessert region in a first-stage river facies multi-stage river course sand of oil field sand of Jurassic system in Sichuan basin. Specifically, the process of the method for predicting the distribution of the river facies source reservoir ectopic type compact oil and gas sweet spot area provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the GSM oil field is located in the northeast of the middle of the Sichuan basin, and belongs to a structure group with a south filling structure in the region of the inclined and gentle structure of the gulong in the Sichuan basin. Three sets of oil-bearing horizons which develop vertically in the oil field are respectively a great Anzhai section, a cool upper section and a sand section from bottom to top, wherein the sand section proves that the crude oil storage capacity exceeds 500 ten thousand tons, 4 mouths of ten thousand ton oil wells can be found, the accumulated yield exceeds 14 ten thousand tons, and the current GSM oil field is a Jurassic major oil production oil field in the four Sichuan basin.
The thickness of a sand section stratum of a GSM oil field is 300-600m, the burial depth is 2400-2500m, the sand section sedimentation period is in a continuous water receding stage, and a set of continental-border lake-delta sedimentation mainly comprising mauve, grayish green and light gray mudstone and including light gray, grayish green fine sandstone and siltstone is mainly accepted. Controlled by the deposition environment, most of the mudstones are purple red and lime green mudstones, the actual measured content of organic carbon is generally lower than 0.5 percent, the hydrocarbon generation capability is poor, and the mudstones belong to non-hydrocarbon source rocks. The sand bodies of different types such as the sand of the longitudinal beach bar, the mat-shaped sand, the river channel sand and the like have the characteristics of multiple development periods, large scale, strong heterogeneity and the like, the porosity of the physical properties of the reservoir is distributed between 0.5 and 9.5 percent, the average porosity is 4.48 percent, the average permeability is 0.23m/d, the sand bodies belong to compact reservoirs, particularly the sand bodies with the best reservoir condition of the river channel sand are favorable sand bodies for oil and gas accumulation, and the attached figure 2 shows that the sand bodies have the advantages of being high in storage condition and good in oil and gas accumulation.
And 2, acquiring a natural gas sample of a section of sand produced wells G16, 18, 19, 23, 26 and the like, and performing natural gas component and natural gas isotope analysis, wherein the characteristics of the natural gas sample are very similar to those of the wells G19, 3, 22, 8 and the like in the upper cool section, and the gas source is from the lake-phase hydrocarbon source in the upper cool section. Crude oil samples of the produced wells G16 and 276 and the like in the sand section are obtained, crude oil component and crude oil carbon isotope analysis is carried out, the characteristics of the crude oil samples are very similar to those of the wells L14 and 64 and the like in the cold upper section, and the oil source is from the lake-phase hydrocarbon source in the cold upper section. Thus, both natural gas and crude oil from the sand section come from the cold section of the source rock.
And 3, predicting the cold upper section of the source rock, and drawing the planar distribution of the source rock. And obtaining a first core sample of the hydrocarbon source rock of the G4, 6 and 10 wells from the upper section in a cooling mode, and performing core homing. And then, carrying out organic carbon analysis on the first core sample to obtain a TOC value of the first core sample, carrying out comparison analysis on the first core sample and single-well logging data to screen out a sensitive logging curve, and then carrying out data fitting to determine that a TOC logging calculation model is as follows:
wherein, TOC is the content of organic carbon, and the unit is%; AC is sound wave time difference with the unit of m/s; GR is natural gamma, in API; RT is the deep resistivity, given in Ω · m.
And calculating the TOC of the hydrocarbon source rock, the thickness of the hydrocarbon source rock and the quality of the hydrocarbon source rock of the single well logging according to the TOC logging calculation model and the single well logging information, wherein the specific data are shown in the attached figure 3. And (3) explaining wells in the area according to the TOC of the hydrocarbon source rock, the thickness of the hydrocarbon source rock, the quality of the hydrocarbon source rock and the well point distribution of the single well logging, and then drawing a plan view according to the data of different well points after counting the well point positions, namely drawing the plane spread of the hydrocarbon source rock.
And 4, acquiring geological background data of the sand section and second core samples of G28, 30, 31 and 36 wells of the sand section. And determining the sand body type and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the test data of the rock core sample and the sediment background data. Specifically, the river sand is mainly distributed over a distance of 50m from the bottom of a section of sand, and develops a four-stage river longitudinally. And determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to background information, sand body types and longitudinal distribution of the sand body types and by combining single-well logging curves, wherein the river sand has typical box-type and bell-type logging curve characteristics. And carrying out well seismic calibration and sand body tracking according to corresponding characteristics of the well logging, and depicting the plane distribution of the target river sand. On the basis, according to the well logging interpretation result, the prediction work of the porosity, the thickness and the cracks of the river sand reservoir is carried out. For example, in the stage II riverway in the G115H well area, the thickness of sand bodies is 10 to 30m, the porosity of the sand bodies is 4 to 5 percent, and the area of the sand bodies is 30.93km 2 The fractures are developed universally (see fig. 4-1 and fig. 4-2), and the reservoir plane spread is finely plotted.
And 5, acquiring third core samples of G28, 30, 31 and 36 wells from the sand of the first section of river channel, carrying out post-stack fracture detection on the similarity, the inclination angle, the curvature, the RS attribute and the like in a G115H three-dimensional seismic region, and observing the fracture development of the third core sample. According to the crack development and well logging interpretation result of the third core sample, performing crack prediction by adopting AVOaz inversion, and drawing a crack prediction plan of the river sand for multiple periods; ant tracing is carried out according to crack prediction, and a hydrocarbon storage fracture section is drawn; and explaining oil source fracture layer by layer from the sand section bottom boundary to the top according to the stratum inheritance principle, and drawing a top-bottom boundary hydrocarbon storage fracture plan of the target river sand for multiple periods.
And 6, establishing an evaluation standard of the sand section river channel sand dessert area according to dynamic data such as 30 single-well test yield, single-well oil extraction accumulated yield and the like of the sand section G27, 34, 37, 39, 42, 44 and the like. Wherein the dessert region is characterized in that: the TOC of the source rock is more than 1.2%, and the thickness of the source rock is more than 40m; the thickness of the river channel sand is more than 10m, and the porosity of the river channel sand is more than 3%; the source rock and the river sand are in fracture communication; and (5) developing river sand cracks.
And 7, superposing the hydrocarbon source rock plane distribution, the reservoir plane distribution, the fracture prediction plane graph and the hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plane graph, and determining the distribution of the target river sand river source reservoir ectopic compact oil and gas dessert area according to the dessert area evaluation standard. Finally delineating 6.5km of ectopic river sand compact oil dessert area in II-stage source storage 2 Effective thickness 15.5m, reservoir porosity 5.6%, calculate petroleum geology reserve 222.7 ten thousand tons, see fig. 5.
Based on the above, after the river facies of the sand section of the Jurassic dense oil and gas GSM oil field in the Sichuan basin are predicted by the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the exploration target can be accurately and rapidly locked, the exploration and development cost is reduced, and the method is favorable for excavating the river facies source storage ectopic dense oil and gas.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for predicting the distribution of a river facies source reservoir ectopic dense oil and gas sweet spot, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring geological background data, core data, natural gas data, crude oil data, single-well logging data, logging interpretation results, three-dimensional seismic interpretation results, natural gas samples, crude oil samples and well point distribution of target river sand; wherein the single well logging data comprises: single well testing output and single well oil production accumulated output;
determining actual hydrocarbon source rocks from which natural gas and crude oil in the target river sand are derived according to the natural gas data, the crude oil data, the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample;
establishing a TOC logging calculation model of the actual hydrocarbon source rock according to the actual hydrocarbon source rock, the rock core data and the single well logging data, and drawing planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rock according to the TOC logging calculation model and the well point distribution;
according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the single well logging data, the logging interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, carrying out reservoir interpretation and drawing reservoir plane distribution;
according to the post-stack crack detection method, the logging interpretation result, the three-dimensional seismic interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, performing crack prediction analysis and hydrocarbon reservoir fracture profile analysis, and drawing a crack prediction plan and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan of the target river sand;
establishing a dessert area evaluation standard according to the single well logging information;
superposing the hydrocarbon source rock plane spread, the reservoir plane spread, the fracture prediction plane map and the hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plane map, and determining the distribution of the target river sand and river source reservoir ectopic compact oil and gas dessert regions according to the dessert region evaluation standard;
performing fracture prediction analysis and hydrocarbon reservoir fracture profile analysis according to the post-stack fracture detection method, the well logging interpretation result, the three-dimensional seismic interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, and drawing a fracture prediction plan and a hydrocarbon reservoir fracture plan of the target river sand, wherein the fracture prediction plan comprises the following steps: obtaining a third core sample from the reservoir of the target river sand; detecting the crack development of the third core sample according to the post-stack crack detection method; according to the crack development of the third core sample and the well logging interpretation result, performing crack prediction by adopting a pre-stack crack prediction technology, and drawing a crack prediction plan of the river sand for multiple periods; ant tracing is carried out according to the crack prediction, and a hydrocarbon storage fracture section is described; drawing a hydrocarbon storage fracture plan of the river sand for multiple periods according to a stratum inheritance principle;
establishing a dessert area evaluation standard according to the single well logging information, wherein the evaluation standard comprises the following steps: establishing a dessert area evaluation standard according to the single-well test yield and the single-well oil extraction accumulated yield;
determining the better values of the single-well test yield and the single-well oil production accumulated yield according to the single-well test yield and the single-well oil production accumulated yield, and using the better values as the evaluation standard of the dessert region;
the determining, according to the natural gas data, the crude oil data, the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample, actual source rocks from which the natural gas and the crude oil in the target channel sand originate includes:
comparing the component characteristics and the carbon isotope characteristics of the natural gas sample with the component characteristics and the carbon isotope characteristics in the natural gas data; comparing the isotope characteristics of the crude oil with the crude oil carbon isotope of the crude oil data; judging actual hydrocarbon source rocks from which the natural gas sample and the crude oil sample are derived;
the method comprises the following steps of establishing a TOC logging calculation model of the actual hydrocarbon source rock according to the actual hydrocarbon source rock, the rock core data and the single well logging data, and drawing the plane spread of the hydrocarbon source rock according to the TOC logging calculation model and the well point distribution, and comprises the following steps:
obtaining a first core sample from the actual source rock;
acquiring a TOC value of the first core sample, comparing and analyzing the TOC value with the single-well logging information, screening out a sensitive logging curve, fitting the sensitive logging curve, and determining the TOC logging calculation model;
calculating the TOC of the hydrocarbon source rock, the thickness of the hydrocarbon source rock and the quality of the hydrocarbon source rock of the single well logging according to the TOC logging calculation model and the single well logging information;
drawing the planar distribution of the hydrocarbon source rocks according to the single-well logging hydrocarbon source rock TOC, the hydrocarbon source rock thickness, the hydrocarbon source rock quality and the well point distribution;
developing reservoir interpretation and drawing reservoir plane distribution according to the geological background data, the rock core data, the single-well logging data, the logging interpretation result and the actual hydrocarbon source rock, wherein the reservoir interpretation comprises the following steps:
obtaining sediment background information and a second core sample from the reservoir of the target river sand;
determining the sand body type of the target river channel sand and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body type according to the geological background information, the core information, the second core sample and the sedimentation background information;
determining logging response characteristics of different types of sand bodies according to the deposition background information, the single-well logging information, the sand body types and the longitudinal distribution of the sand body types;
carrying out well seismic calibration and sand body tracking according to the logging response characteristics of the different types of sand bodies, and depicting the plane spread of the target river channel sand;
drawing reservoir layer plane distribution of the target river channel sand according to the plane distribution of the target river channel sand and the logging interpretation result;
the developing reservoir interpretation includes: carrying out well seismic calibration, and determining sandstone seismic response characteristics as strong wave crests; carrying out gamma inversion according to the well logging lithology identification result, and identifying sandstone in the seismic section, wherein the natural gamma of the sandstone is lower than 75API; carrying out correlation analysis by using the well logging interpretation result and the seismic attribute, and screening out the speed attribute with the best relationship; in the sandstone with natural gamma less than 75API, carrying out speed prediction according to the screened speed parameters; and converting the reservoir porosity corresponding to the speed value according to the relation between the speed and the porosity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the TOC log calculation model is the following equation:
wherein, TOC is the content of organic carbon, and the unit is%; AC is sound wave time difference with the unit of m/s; GR is natural gamma, in API; RT is the deep resistivity, with the unit of Ω · m; a. b, c, d and e are coefficients.
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