CN111550240A - Method for evaluating homogeneity degree of reservoir plane by utilizing high-quality connectivity - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir by utilizing high-quality connectivity, which comprises the following steps: determining reservoir property evaluation elements; determining the planar distribution of the high-quality reservoir according to a preset condition; deploying a virtual well pattern in a target zone; calculating the total number of the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well injection and production and the high-quality communication number of the injection and production according to preset conditions; the quotient of the high-quality communication number and the total number of the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well injection and production is the injection and production high-quality communication ratio; and quantitatively evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir by applying the high-quality communication rate. By introducing a new concept of high-quality communication rate, the invention converts the original statistics based on single-well points into quantitative evaluation based on the corresponding relation of oil-water wells, and solves the problems that the related technology cannot accurately describe the connection degree of the high-quality reservoir, the matching relation of reservoir properties and a development well pattern is difficult to reflect, and the like; a novel method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir is provided, and the development practicability of reservoir evaluation is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil reservoir description, in particular to a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir stratum by utilizing high-quality connectivity.
Background
The degree of homogeneity of the plane of the reservoir directly influences the control degree of the oil reservoir development well pattern on the high-quality reserves and the seepage characteristics and the spatial distribution of the fluid in the development process. In the process of designing, developing and adjusting an oil reservoir development scheme, the evaluation of the homogeneity degree of a reservoir plane is used as the basis of well pattern deployment, adjustment and dynamic analysis, and is indispensable work.
The conventional reservoir plane homogeneity degree evaluation method mainly comprises the following steps: a reservoir sand body geometric shape qualitative description method, a sand body drilling rate evaluation method and a physical property plane variation coefficient evaluation method. The existing evaluation method aiming at the homogeneity degree of the plane of the reservoir has the following defects: 1. the qualitative description method cannot accurately quantify and compare the reservoir plane homogeneity differences of different targets; 2. the existing quantitative evaluation methods for the sand drilling rate, the physical property plane variation coefficient and the like all take a single well point as a statistical object, and the connection degree of a high-quality reservoir stratum is difficult to reflect really.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for evaluating the planar homogeneity degree of a reservoir by utilizing a high-quality connectivity, aiming at solving the problems that the prior related technology in the background technology can not accurately describe the connection degree of a high-quality reservoir and is difficult to reflect the matching relation between the reservoir property and a development well pattern. According to the method for evaluating the planar homogeneity degree of the reservoir by utilizing the high-quality communication rate, the concept of the high-quality communication rate is introduced, the original statistics based on single-well points is converted into quantitative evaluation based on the corresponding relation of an oil-water well, and the quantitative comparison problem of different evaluation targets, the quantitative evaluation problem of the high-quality reservoir slice degree and the quantitative evaluation problem of the planar distribution and the well pattern matching of the high-quality reservoir are solved.
The invention can solve the problems by the following technical scheme: a method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of a reservoir plane by utilizing a high-quality connectivity comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining reservoir property evaluation factors: determining an evaluation target area, and acquiring static data of the evaluation target area; according to the static data of the evaluation target area, optimizing key geological factors influencing reservoir properties as reservoir property evaluation factors;
step 2, defining a high-quality reservoir threshold value and drawing a plan: setting a reservoir property evaluation element threshold value in the step 1 according to the development requirement and the deposition characteristics of the target block, defining a reservoir within a threshold value defined range as a high-quality reservoir, drawing a reservoir property evaluation element plan, and defining a high-quality reservoir plane distribution range according to the high-quality reservoir threshold value;
step 3, deploying a virtual well pattern in the target area: deploying a uniform virtual area well pattern in a target area;
step 4, calculating the total number of the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well injection and production: setting a distance threshold value according to the recognition of the deposition characteristics of the target block, wherein the oil-water well is considered not to have injection-production relation under the condition that the distance between the oil-water wells exceeds the threshold value; calculating the sum of the corresponding connecting line numbers of the oil well and the water well of the evaluation target layer;
step 5, calculating the high-quality injection-production connection number of the oil-water well: in the reservoir property evaluation element plan drawn in the step 2, taking a water well as a center, defining a connecting line, through which the reservoir property evaluation element of a path passed by the connecting line corresponding to the oil-water well within the distance threshold value meets preset conditions, as high-quality communication, and calculating the total number of the high-quality communication of injection and production of the oil-water well of the target zone;
step 6, calculating the high-quality communication rate: and 5, the quotient of the total number of the high-quality injection-production communication of the target layer oil-water well and the total number of the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well is the high-quality injection-production communication rate, and the homogeneity degree of the plane of the reservoir is quantitatively evaluated according to the high-quality communication rate.
In step 1, the reservoir property evaluation element may be, but is not limited to, one of the following factors, including: sedimentary facies, diagenetic facies, sandstone thickness, net-to-gross, porosity, permeability, saturation, reserve abundance, seismic attributes, and the like.
The step 2 of setting the evaluation element threshold value is determined according to reservoir geological characteristics of the research area, and may be, but is not limited to, one or more of the following threshold values in combination, including: the permeability is more than 100md, the effective thickness is more than 1m, the net wool ratio is more than 60%, the sedimentary microphase type is better than that of thin-layer mat-shaped sand, the mud content is less than 30%, and the oil saturation is more than 50%.
And 3, selecting the well pattern type and the well spacing of the virtual well pattern according to the requirements of later development and adjustment: the uniform virtual area well pattern can be in the forms of a four-point method, a five-point method, a seven-point method, a nine-point method and the like.
And 4, selecting the oil-water well spacing in the step 4, wherein at least 1 oil-water well group in the well pattern form can be accommodated in the target area range, and simultaneously, the scheme design or the development and adjustment of the expected oil-water well spacing are required to be considered.
The virtual well pattern is a five-point method area well pattern, and the oil-water well spacing is 200 meters.
The distance threshold value in the step 4 is not less than the oil-water well distance in the same well group and not more than 2 times of the oil-water well distance in the same well group;
the distance threshold is set to be 200m of oil-water well spacing in the same well group.
In the step 5, a connection line, in which the proportion of the length of the path occupied by the high-quality reservoir in the path passed by the connection line corresponding to the oil-water well in the reservoir evaluation element plan is greater than 80%, is defined as high-quality communication.
In the step 5, the paths through which the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well in the reservoir evaluation element plan pass are all defined as connecting lines of river channel deposition, and the connecting lines are high-quality communication.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir by utilizing high-quality communication rate, which converts the original statistical evaluation based on single-well points into quantitative comprehensive evaluation based on the corresponding relation of an oil-water well by introducing a new concept of injection-production high-quality communication coefficient, and solves the problems that the related technology cannot accurately describe the connection degree of a high-quality reservoir, the matching relation of reservoir properties and a development well pattern is difficult to reflect, and the like. The method can realize the accurate quantitative evaluation of multiple targets, can realize the accurate quantitative evaluation of the multiple targets, and can be used for developing effect comparison analysis and well pattern matching evaluation; the method has great practical value for improving and adjusting the excavation pertinence and improving the development effect.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a virtual well pattern of an evaluation target block according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating an evaluation of a high quality connectivity map of a target block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the distribution of high-quality sand bodies in a typical layer of an evaluation target block according to an embodiment of the invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments:
it should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "1 st", "2 nd", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances in order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, or article that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or article.
The implementation of the invention provides a method for evaluating the plane homogeneity degree of a reservoir by utilizing high-quality connectivity, which comprises the following steps:
step S102, determining reservoir property evaluation elements: determining an evaluation target area, and acquiring static data of the evaluation target area; according to the static data of the evaluation target area, optimizing key geological factors influencing reservoir properties as reservoir property evaluation factors; the evaluation element may be, but is not limited to, one of the following factors, including: sedimentary facies, diagenetic facies, sandstone thickness, net-to-gross ratio, porosity, permeability, saturation, reserve abundance, seismic attributes;
step S112, defining a high-quality reservoir threshold and drawing a plan: setting the evaluation element threshold according to the development requirement and the deposition characteristics of a target block, defining the reservoir within the threshold defining range as a high-quality reservoir, drawing a reservoir property evaluation element plan, and defining a high-quality reservoir plane distribution range according to the high-quality reservoir threshold;
step S122, deploying a virtual well pattern in the target area: deploying a uniform virtual area well pattern in the target area;
step S132, calculating the total number of the corresponding connecting lines for the injection and production of the oil-water well: setting a distance threshold value, and under the condition that the distance between the oil-water wells exceeds the threshold value, the oil-water wells are regarded as having no injection-production relation; calculating the sum of the corresponding connecting line numbers of the oil well and the water well of the evaluation target layer;
step S142, calculating the high-quality communication number of the oil-water well: in the reservoir property evaluation element plan, taking a water well as a center, defining a connecting line, which passes through a path evaluation element and meets a preset condition, of a corresponding connecting line of the oil-water well within the distance threshold as high-quality communication, and calculating the total number of the high-quality communication of the oil-water well of the target layer;
step S152, calculating the high-quality communication rate: the ratio of the high-quality communication number to the total number of the connecting lines corresponding to the injection and production of the oil-water well is the high-quality communication rate of the injection and production. Quantitatively evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane according to the high-quality communication rate;
through the steps, a new concept of high-quality communication rate is introduced, and the original statistical evaluation based on single-well point information is changed into quantitative comprehensive evaluation based on the corresponding relation of oil-water wells and communication quality, so that the problems that the connection degree of the high-quality reservoir cannot be evaluated and the matching between the well spacing and the geological features of the reservoir cannot be evaluated in the related technology are solved, a new evaluation method of the reservoir homogeneity degree is provided, and the accuracy and the development applicability of the evaluation of the reservoir homogeneity degree are improved.
The quality of the plane homogeneity degree of the reservoir is evaluated through the quality communication rate based on the definition of quality reservoir and quality communication. Where the quality reservoir and quality connectivity are predefined, there are many ways and contents of such predefining. For example: the high-quality reservoir can be defined as a reservoir with the permeability of more than 100md, a reservoir with the effective thickness of more than 1m or a reservoir with sedimentary facies as riverway sediment; the high-quality communication can be the communication that the length proportion of the high-quality reservoir on the communication path corresponding to the injection and production of the oil-water well exceeds 2/3, or the communication that the communication path corresponding to the injection and production of the oil-water well is the high-quality reservoir. No matter how the high-quality reservoir and the high-quality communication are defined in advance, as long as the method evaluates the homogeneity degree of the reservoir through the corresponding relation between oil wells and water wells and the communication quality, the problems caused by single well point statistics can be avoided, and corresponding effects are obtained.
There are many predetermined ways and limits to define the premium reservoir and premium connectivity, distance threshold, and pattern well spacing, one of which is provided in this embodiment.
Example (b):
the method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by utilizing the high-quality connectivity rate is adopted to evaluate the homogeneity degree of three oil layer reservoirs in the west typical area in the Chongqing Changyuan, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S102, determining reservoir property evaluation elements: the target area is a clastic rock sedimentary reservoir, the diagenesis is weak, the reservoir property is mainly controlled by the sedimentary action, and preferably, a sedimentary microfacies is used as an evaluation element of the reservoir property.
The selection of the evaluation elements can be varied and should depend on the reservoir geology of the study area. For example, for low permeability reservoirs, permeability may be selected as an evaluation factor; for complex oil-water reservoirs, oil saturation can be selected as an evaluation element. The evaluation elements are determined according to the geological characteristics, so that the main contradiction influencing the reservoir properties can be grasped, and the evaluation result is more solid and reliable.
Step S112, defining a high-quality reservoir threshold and drawing a plan: the method comprises the following steps that a research area is mainly deposition on the front edge of a delta, a preset deposition micro-phase is a reservoir evaluation element, thin mat-shaped sand is a high-quality reservoir threshold value, namely the thin mat-shaped sand and thick mat-shaped sand superior to the thin mat-shaped sand, and river channel deposition are defined as a high-quality reservoir, a middle-area western evaluation target layer deposition micro-phase diagram is further drawn, and an area covered by the thin and thick mat-shaped sand and the river channel deposition in the micro-phase diagram is a high-quality reservoir plane distribution range;
the definition of the premium reservoir threshold may also be varied and should also depend on the reservoir geological characteristics of the study area. For example, Daqing chlamydia type reservoirs are fluvial facies depots, and premium reservoirs are generally defined as channel depots; the second type of oil layer is delta plain-inner front edge deposition, and the high-quality reservoir is generally defined as main body mat sand and river channel deposition; the three types of oil layers are mainly inner front edge-outer front edge deposition of delta, and the high-quality reservoir is generally defined as non-main body mat-shaped sand, main body mat-shaped sand and river channel deposition.
Step S122, deploying a five-point method virtual well pattern (shown in figure 1) with a well spacing of 200m in the range of the evaluation block;
step S132, calculating the total number of the corresponding connecting lines for the injection and production of the oil-water well: setting the corresponding injection and production distance threshold of the oil-water well as the distance between the oil-water wells and the water-water well as the water; taking the water wells as a center, calculating the number of connecting lines corresponding to injection and production of each water well and the oil well, and accumulating and summing; as shown in fig. 1, the evaluation block is co-deployed with 104 ports of the virtual water wells, which are limited by the interval of 200m, and only corresponding connections can be established with the oil wells in the well group, and the number of the corresponding connections is 416.
Step S142, calculating the high-quality connection number: the water well is taken as the center, the connection line of one or more combination of thin mat-shaped sand, thick mat-shaped sand and riverway sedimentation is defined as the high-quality communication, as shown in figure 2, the path of the connection line corresponding to the oil-water well of the target layer is the high-quality communication of 2 or 1 of the riverway sedimentation, the thick mat-shaped sand, the thin mat-shaped sand or 3 sand bodies, and the total number of the high-quality communication is 247.
Step S152, calculating the high-quality communication rate: and calculating the quotient of the number of high-quality communication of the layer a of the target layer (247) and the total number of corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well (416), and obtaining the high-quality communication ratio of 59.4%.
And step S162, repeating the steps S102-S152, and calculating the high-quality connection ratio of the rest target layers. b. The good communication ratios of the layers c and d are respectively 24.3%, 29.9% and 49.6%. The comparison shows that the high-quality communication rate can visually reflect the connection degree of the high-quality reservoir (figure 3), and the higher the high-quality communication rate is, the better the matching relation between the well pattern and the sand body is.
Compared with the existing sand drilling rate evaluation method, the method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, there is a significant difference in the effective sand body connection degree of the 2 evaluation target layers, wherein the plane shape of the G314 layer high-quality sand body is connected distribution, and the plane shape of the P27 layer high-quality sand body is scattered distribution. The evaluation result of the plane homogeneity degree by adopting the prior art drilling rate evaluation method cannot reflect the sand body connection degree (see table 1). The reason for the above problems is the following disadvantages of the related art: the sand drilling rate evaluation method is based on the statistics of single well points, and the inventor simply refers the method to be a point evaluation method; the point evaluation method only depends on the number of the well points covered on the plane by the high-quality sand bodies, and the plane distribution characteristic of the high-quality sand bodies cannot be reflected. The method introduces the concept of high-quality communication rate, and the core idea of the method is that the corresponding relation between evaluation points forms an evaluation network, so that the evaluation means is changed from the original point evaluation into network evaluation. When the method is used for evaluating the evaluation target layer position, the high-quality communication rate of small layers with high-quality sand body connection piece distribution is higher, the high-quality communication rate of small layers with high-quality sand body scattered distribution is lower, and the connection degree of high-quality sand bodies can be well reflected (the evaluation results of the method in the invention and the method in the prior art are shown in table 1).
TABLE 1
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of a reservoir plane by utilizing a high-quality connectivity comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining reservoir property evaluation factors: determining an evaluation target area, and acquiring static data of the evaluation target area; according to the static data of the evaluation target area, optimizing key geological factors influencing reservoir properties as reservoir property evaluation factors;
step 2, defining a high-quality reservoir threshold value and drawing a plan: setting a reservoir property evaluation element threshold value in the step 1 according to the development requirement and the deposition characteristics of the target block, defining a reservoir within a threshold value defined range as a high-quality reservoir, drawing a reservoir property evaluation element plan, and defining a high-quality reservoir plane distribution range according to the high-quality reservoir threshold value;
step 3, deploying a virtual well pattern in the target area: deploying a uniform virtual area well pattern in a target area;
step 4, calculating the total number of the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well injection and production: setting a distance threshold value according to the recognition of the deposition characteristics of the target block, wherein the oil-water well is considered not to have injection-production relation under the condition that the distance between the oil-water wells exceeds the threshold value; calculating the sum of the corresponding connecting line numbers of the oil well and the water well of the evaluation target layer;
step 5, calculating the high-quality injection-production connection number of the oil-water well: in the reservoir property evaluation element plan drawn in the step 2, taking a water well as a center, defining a connecting line, through which the reservoir property evaluation element of a path passed by the connecting line corresponding to the oil-water well within the distance threshold value meets preset conditions, as high-quality communication, and calculating the total number of the high-quality communication of injection and production of the oil-water well of the target zone;
step 6, calculating the high-quality communication rate: and 5, the quotient of the total number of the high-quality injection-production communication of the target layer oil-water well and the total number of the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well is the high-quality injection-production communication rate, and the homogeneity degree of the plane of the reservoir is quantitatively evaluated according to the high-quality communication rate.
2. The method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step (1), the reservoir property evaluation element may be, but is not limited to, one of the following factors, including: sedimentary facies, diagenetic facies, sandstone thickness, net-to-gross, porosity, permeability, saturation, reserve abundance, seismic attributes, and the like.
3. The method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step (2) of setting the evaluation element threshold value is determined according to reservoir geological characteristics of the research area, and can be but is not limited to one or more of the following threshold values in combination, including: the permeability is more than 100md, the effective thickness is more than 1m, the net wool ratio is more than 60%, the sedimentary microphase type is better than that of thin-layer mat-shaped sand, the mud content is less than 30%, and the oil saturation is more than 50%.
4. The method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) selecting the well pattern type and the well spacing of the virtual well pattern according to the requirements of later development and adjustment: the uniform virtual area well pattern can be in the forms of a four-point method, a five-point method, a seven-point method, a nine-point method and the like.
5. The method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: and (4) selecting the oil-water well spacing in the step (4), wherein at least 1 oil-water well group in the well pattern form can be accommodated in the target area range, and simultaneously, the scheme design or the development and the adjustment of the expected oil-water well spacing are considered.
6. The method for evaluating the homogeneity of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the virtual well pattern is a five-point method area well pattern, and the oil-water well spacing is 200 meters.
7. The method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (4) the distance threshold value is not less than the oil-water well distance in the same well group and not more than 2 times of the oil-water well distance in the same well group.
8. The method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein: and (4) setting the distance threshold value to be 200m of the oil-water well distance in the same well group.
9. The method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), a connection line, in which the proportion of the length of the path occupied by the high-quality reservoir in the path passed by the connection line corresponding to the oil-water well in the reservoir evaluation element plan is greater than 80%, is defined as high-quality communication.
10. The method for evaluating the homogeneity degree of the reservoir plane by using the high-quality connectivity as claimed in claim 1 or 9, wherein: in the step (5), the paths through which the corresponding connecting lines of the oil-water well in the reservoir evaluation element plan pass are all defined as connecting lines of river channel deposition, and the connecting lines are high-quality communication.
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