CN110068859A - A kind of horizontal well region braid deltas seismic reservoir sedimentology quantitatively characterizing method - Google Patents
A kind of horizontal well region braid deltas seismic reservoir sedimentology quantitatively characterizing method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of horizontal well region braid deltas seismic reservoir sedimentology quantitatively characterizing method, is related to oil and gas development geology field.The following steps are included: 1) post-stack seismic data body loads；2) seismic data quality is analyzed；3) 90 ° of phase transitions；4) average sand thickness statistics；5) the determining and averagely matched seismic data dominant frequency f of sand thickness h；6) 90 ° of phase seismic data cube frequency dividing analyses, the seismic data cube C that production dominant frequency is ff；7) frequency dividing seismic data cube C is utilizedfProduction frequency dividing seismic slice；8) Rock physical analysis；9) net horizontal section log is projected to frequency dividing seismic slice；10) fine geology explanation is carried out using horizontal well information calibration seismic slice；11) the quantitative deposition knowledge base of different sedimentary micro type sand bodies is established.Operation of the present invention is simple, portrays for horizontal well region sand body Seismic Sedimentology and provides a kind of efficient industrial method, can be improved Sand-body Prediction precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil and gas development geology fields, and in particular, to reservoir of the Seismic Sedimentology in conjunction with horizontal well
A kind of quantitatively characterizing method, horizontal well region braid deltas seismic reservoir sedimentology quantitatively characterizing method, realizes horizontal well
Braid deltas reservoir quantitatively characterizing under the conditions of net.
Background technique
Braid deltas reservoir is the excellent reservoir in oil-gas geology research, is had importantly in oil-gas geology exploitation
Position.Braid deltas reservoir structure is complicated, and the form of different origins type sand body and boundary understanding are unclear, just with straight well
Traditional reservoir characterization method of data has been difficult to accurately describe braid deltas reservoir sedimentation complexity.Geological knowledge is not
Foot can seriously restrict the fine geology exploitation in oil field, can finely characterize reservoir structure to the quantitatively characterizing of braid deltas,
Geological knowledge basis is provided for oil-gas reservoir fine development, drilling risk is reduced, improves the rate of oil and gas recovery.
Seismic Sedimentology earliest by Zeng Hongliu teach in 1998 propose, be using seismic data study lithology, deposition with
And a Men Xueke of basin filling history, the combination of seismic geomorphology and seismic lithology is mainly shown as under existence conditions.
The it is proposed of Seismic Sedimentology provides a kind of new thinking for braid deltas reservoir characterization, and core is by seismic event
As it is equal whens deposition interface, strata slicing carries out fine sedimentology explanation when passing through equity, to sand body morphology and Distribution Pattern into
Row characterization.
Currently, the key technology of Seismic Sedimentology includes spectra decomposition, 90 ° of phase transitions and strata slicing.Frequency dividing
Explanation is a kind of chronostratigraphic interface means of interpretation, and theoretical basis is the reflection that seismic data frequency will affect reflection line-ups
Isochronic plane information is reflected at structure and inclination angle, i.e. high-frequency seism data more, and low-frequency acoustic data reflects lithological information more, according to not
The seismic volume that synsedimentary feature and sand thickness choose suitable dominant frequency can preferably carry out isochronic plane explanation；90 ° of phases turn
The main lobe of seismic reflection of changing commanders goes to thin layer center, the corresponding complete earthquake main lobe of each earthquake thin layer, and earthquake is same
Phase axis also just has lithology meaning；Strata slicing technology refers to that equal proportion interpolation extraction earthquake is cut between deposition interface whens equal
Piece can describe sand body morphology and spread by the geologic interpretation to strata slicing, characterize intrafomational heterogeneity.
The research system of existing Seismic Sedimentology reaches its maturity, and research process gradually standardizes, but there are still problem, traditional bases
Largely sedimentary facies model is relied on to speculate the description of sedimentary facies well in the sedimentary facies research of straight well, with it is very strong not
Certainty, and the lateral high-resolution of horizontal well has it directly in terms of the description of sand body cross directional variations, internal interlayer
Well and seismic data are difficult to the advantage reached.However, in existing interpretation on seismic sedimentary facies method, to the use master of well shake combination
If the combination of earthquake and straight well data, the effect for how effectively playing horizontal well lacks simple and practical method.
In view of the problem of existing Seismic Sedimentology research method combination horizontal well hardly possible, propose with horizontal well transverse direction high-resolution
The Seismic Sedimentology reservoir characterization new method of rate calibration strata slicing.Net horizontal section log is projected on strata slicing,
Sand can be effectively identified in the case where well shakes double control by the comparative analysis to a large amount of horizontal wellbore logging data and strata slicing
Volume morphing and spread.Meanwhile the net horizontal section by drilling sand body, reservoir heterogeneity inside sand body can be described clearly, it is real
The existing other reservoir quantitatively characterizing of sand body internal level.
Summary of the invention
The reservoir quantitatively characterizing method and industrialization stream combined the present invention provides a kind of horizontal well with Seismic Sedimentology
Journey provides new method and operating process for the Seismic Sedimentology research of horizontal well region, efficiently solves braid deltas
The problem of the quantitatively characterizing hardly possible of Thin Sandbody.
The present invention is realized by following steps:
1) post-stack seismic data body is loaded into computer, seismic data cube here requires to be the ground by relative amplitude preserved processing
Data are shaken, are loaded with 16 or 32 precision.
2) seismic data quality is analyzed, dominant frequency, frequency bandwidth including seismic data, resolution ratio, signal-to-noise ratio.
3) phase of seismic data is estimated, obtains seismic data cube phase a, according to a and 90 ° of difference, carried out
Phase rotation obtains 90 ° of phase seismic data cubes by seismic data cube phase adjustment to 90 °.
In step 3), need to carry out the seismic data cube after 90 ° of phase transitions phase analysis to ensure phase transition standard
Exactness if conversion phase error is greater than 5 ° needs that step 3) is repeated, and until error is less than 5 °, obtains meeting and needs
90 ° of phase seismic data cubes.
4) well point target zone sand thickness is counted, determines that target zone is averaged sand thickness h.
5) the determining matched seismic data dominant frequency f of sand thickness h that is averaged with target zone is analyzed using frequency tuning.
6) frequency dividing analysis is carried out to 90 ° of phase seismic data cubes, obtains the seismic data cube C that dominant frequency is ff。
7) seismic slice mode is chosen according to stratigraphic sedimentary pattern, utilizes frequency dividing seismic data cube CfProduction frequency dividing earthquake is cut
Piece.
8) it draws research area's gamma-wave impedance to cross figure, carries out target zone Rock physical analysis, determine frequency dividing seismic slice
The lithology meaning of upper earthquake sampled value.
9) net horizontal section log is projected on frequency dividing seismic slice.
10) it is adopted using the earthquake on the horizontal wellbore logging calibration curve information calibration frequency dividing seismic slice projected on seismic slice
Sample intelligence carries out the Fine structural interpretation of sand body planar distribution, obtains target zone sand body planar distribution.
Strata slicing explanation in step 9) should be carried out under area deposition background and research area's depositional model constraint.
11) using frequency dividing seismic slice explanation results, the length of each sedimentation unit in Braided-river Deltas is measured
And width, establish the quantitative deposition knowledge base of different sedimentary micro type sand bodies in research area's Braided-river Deltas.
The Braided Steam Delta Sandbodies depicting method that the present invention establishes is easy to operate, realizes the earthquake deposition of horizontal well region
It learns and explains, can be improved sand body and portray precision.
Specific embodiment
The reservoir quantitatively characterizing method and industrialization stream combined the present invention provides a kind of horizontal well with Seismic Sedimentology
Journey provides new method and operating process for the Seismic Sedimentology research of horizontal well region, efficiently solves braid deltas
The problem of the quantitatively characterizing hardly possible of Thin Sandbody.
The present invention is realized by following steps:
1) post-stack seismic data body is loaded into computer, seismic data cube here requires to be the ground by relative amplitude preserved processing
Data are shaken, are loaded with 16 or 32 precision.
2) seismic data quality is analyzed, dominant frequency, frequency bandwidth including seismic data, resolution ratio, signal-to-noise ratio.
3) phase of seismic data is estimated, obtains seismic data cube phase a, according to a and 90 ° of difference, carried out
Phase rotation obtains 90 ° of phase seismic data cubes by seismic data cube phase adjustment to 90 °.
In step 3), need to carry out the seismic data cube after 90 ° of phase transitions phase analysis to ensure phase transition standard
Exactness if conversion phase error is greater than 5 ° needs that step 3) is repeated, and until error is less than 5 °, obtains meeting and needs
90 ° of phase seismic data cubes.
4) well point target zone sand thickness is counted, determines that target zone is averaged sand thickness h.
5) the determining matched seismic data dominant frequency f of sand thickness h that is averaged with target zone is analyzed using frequency tuning.
6) frequency dividing analysis is carried out to 90 ° of phase seismic data cubes, obtains the seismic data cube C that dominant frequency is ff。
7) seismic slice mode is chosen according to stratigraphic sedimentary pattern, is cut using frequency dividing seismic data cube Cf production frequency dividing earthquake
Piece.
8) it draws research area's gamma-wave impedance to cross figure, carries out target zone Rock physical analysis, determine frequency dividing seismic slice
The lithology meaning of upper earthquake sampled value.
9) net horizontal section log is projected on frequency dividing seismic slice.
10) it is adopted using the earthquake on the horizontal wellbore logging calibration curve information calibration frequency dividing seismic slice projected on seismic slice
Sample intelligence carries out the Fine structural interpretation of sand body planar distribution, obtains target zone sand body planar distribution.
Strata slicing explanation in step 10) should be carried out under area deposition background and research area's depositional model constraint
's.
11) using frequency dividing seismic slice explanation results, the length of each sedimentation unit in Braided-river Deltas is measured
And width, establish the quantitative deposition knowledge base of different sedimentary micro type sand bodies in research area's Braided-river Deltas.
The Braided Steam Delta Sandbodies depicting method that the present invention establishes is easy to operate, realizes the earthquake deposition of horizontal well region
It learns and explains, can be improved sand body and portray precision.
Embodiment
Venezuela's MPE-3 block is located at the heavy oil enrichment region that global oil in place is maximum and Exploitation degree is minimum --- and it is difficult to understand
Reno section heavy oil belt is the braid deltas heavy oil reservoirs based on horizontal well development, and reservoir structure is complicated, different origins class
The form of molding sand body and boundary understanding are unclear, and conventional deposition microfacies and sand body based on straight well, which are portrayed, to be difficult to meet horizontal well
The requirement of exploitation.Quantitatively characterizing is carried out to research area's sand body using method of the invention.
The load of seismic data is carried out first, this research is using Beijing Rockstar Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd.'s research and development
Post-stack seismic data after relative amplitude preserved processing is loaded into software by Geoscope software.
Second step analyzes research area's seismic data quality.It is high to study area's seismic data signal-to-noise ratio, interval of interest frequency
Bandwidth 20-120Hz, dominant frequency are up to 60Hz.Interval of interest buried depth about 1000m is calculated according to interval velocity 4000m/s, earthquake money
Expect that vertical resolution is about 17m.
Third step carries out 90 ° of phase transition processing to research area's seismic data.Research is taken based on Hilbert transform
Multiple tracks scan method defines a phase angle step-length, is corrected with different phase-shift phases to earthquake record, utilizes maximum variance
Mould judgment criterion seeks optimal phase shift amount, and obtaining original seismic phase is -3.5 °.By seismic data phase transition
93.5 °, the processing of complete phase transition in 90 °.Comparison discovery, after carrying out 90 ° of phase conversions, seismic reflection axis in the same direction and well logging
The lithology that curve is shown is corresponding good, and red axis in the same direction and well logging sandstone layer are coincide, and black axis in the same direction and well logging shale layer coincide,
It is more accurate to convert to show phase.
4th step, statistics target zone is averaged, and sand thickness is available, and for sand thickness mostly between 15-20m, average sand is thick
H about 18m.
5th step, determination can reflect the best seismic data dominant frequency of target zone sand body.It is analyzed and is determined according to frequency tuning
The single-frequency body of 60Hz can most reflect target zone sand body developmental state.
6th step carries out frequency dividing analysis to 90 ° of phase data bodies after conversion, obtains the single-frequency body that dominant frequency is 60Hz.
7th step chooses seismic slice mode according to stratigraphic sedimentary pattern, utilizes frequency dividing seismic data cube Cf production frequency dividing
Seismic slice.
According to research area's stratigraphic model, the bottom MSC1 is to contact with underlying strata unconformity, and early stage Lowstand System Tract Deposits are by ancient ground
Looks influence significantly, and the river meeting low-lying place of preferential deposition landforms is difficult to ensure strata slicing isochronism using the method for linear interpolation.
For this feature, isochronic plane at the top of MSC1 is evened up, pushes up parallel production strata slicing.In experience gradually marine invasion deposition,
MSC2, MSC3 and MSC4 are influenced to be gradually reduced by palaeogeomorphic, and top bottom has more stable isochronic plane, using linear interpolation
Method extracts strata slicing.For MSC5 and MSC6, the first marine flooding surface at top is whole district's stability criterion layer, evens up first ingression
Production strata slicing in top is parallel to behind face.
8th step draws research area's gamma-wave impedance and crosses figure, carry out target zone Rock physical analysis, determines frequency dividing ground
Shake is sliced the lithology meaning of upper earthquake sampled value.The chart that crosses is bright, studies area's different lithology data point in different wave impedance models
In enclosing, sandstone is the high wave impedance of low gamma, and mud stone is the low wave impedance of high gamma.
9th step projects to net horizontal section log on the strata slicing of corresponding position.Net horizontal section is surveyed
Well explains that discovery, channel bar sand body GR curve overall performance are the feature of the micro- tooth box-shaped of middle low value and the bell compound development of box-shaped-,
There are curve caused by thin layers of mudstone is return inside sand body, it can be seen that, plane development is ribbon on seismic slice,
In conjunction with braided stream made ground, determine that these interlayers are the coombe deposition inside channel bar.
Tenth step utilizes the ground on the horizontal wellbore logging calibration curve information calibration frequency dividing seismic slice projected on seismic slice
Shake sampling value information, carries out the Fine structural interpretation of sand body planar distribution, obtains target zone sand body planar distribution.By to a large amount of levels
The comparative analysis of borehole logging tool data and strata slicing, in the case where well shakes double control, channel bar sharpness of border, the folder that internal coombe is formed
Layer display is clear, effectively increases seismic strata slice to the recognition capability of interlayer, realizes inside Braided Steam Delta Sandbodies
The quantitatively characterizing of structure.
11st step, according to research area's quantitatively characterizing as a result, Research on Statistics and Analysis area braid deltas quantitative deposition is joined
Number.The results show that research area's channel bar length 581-3690m, average 2134m, channel bar width 236-2050m, averagely 1085m；Pigtail
Shape river width 97-670m. is averaged 398m；Channel bar surface coombe deposition width 27m-138m, average 82m.
Establish the quantitative deposition knowledge base of different sedimentary micro type sand bodies in research area's Braided-river Deltas:
Lb=7.4433Wb 0.8191 R2=0.9641
Wc=0.3128Wb 1.0027 R2=0.8384
Wg=0.4822Wb 0.6923 R2=0.8792
In formula: LbFor channel bar length, WbFor channel bar width, WcFor braided channel width, WgFor coombe width.
This research significantly improves Sand-body Prediction precision, specifies research area's sandbody distribution situation, carries out to Thin Sandbody
Quantitatively characterizing, establishes the quantitative deposition knowledge base of local area.Result of study can directly instruct the determination of favorable exploration areas,
Good application effect is achieved in subsequent exploration and development.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of horizontal well region braid deltas seismic reservoir sedimentology quantitatively characterizing method, including a kind of new multi-method,
Multiple dimensioned braid deltas reservoir quantitatively characterizing method, it is further characterized in that further including step progress by the following method:
(1) post-stack seismic data body is loaded into computer, seismic data cube here requires to be the earthquake by relative amplitude preserved processing
Data are loaded with 16 or 32 precision.
(2) seismic data quality is analyzed, dominant frequency, frequency bandwidth including seismic data, resolution ratio, signal-to-noise ratio.
(3) phase of seismic data is estimated, obtains seismic data cube phase a, according to a and 90 ° of difference, carry out phase
Rotation, by seismic data cube phase adjustment to 90 °, obtains 90 ° of phase seismic data cubes.
(4) well point target zone sand thickness is counted, determines that target zone is averaged sand thickness h.
(5) the determining matched seismic data dominant frequency f of sand thickness h that is averaged with target zone is analyzed using frequency tuning.
(6) frequency dividing analysis is carried out to 90 ° of phase seismic data cubes, obtains the seismic data cube C that dominant frequency is ff。
(7) seismic slice mode is chosen according to stratigraphic sedimentary pattern, utilizes frequency dividing seismic data cube CfProduction frequency dividing seismic slice.
(8) it draws research area's gamma-wave impedance to cross figure, carries out target zone Rock physical analysis, determine on frequency dividing seismic slice
The lithology meaning of earthquake sampled value.
(9) net horizontal section log is projected on frequency dividing seismic slice.
(10) it is sampled using the earthquake on the horizontal wellbore logging calibration curve information calibration frequency dividing seismic slice projected on seismic slice
Value information carries out the Fine structural interpretation of sand body planar distribution, obtains target zone sand body planar distribution.
(11) using frequency dividing seismic slice explanation results, the length and width of each sedimentation unit in Braided-river Deltas are measured
Degree establishes the quantitative deposition knowledge base of different sedimentary micro type sand bodies in research area's Braided-river Deltas.
2. a kind of horizontal well region braid deltas seismic reservoir sedimentology quantitatively characterizing method according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that needing to carry out the seismic data cube after 90 ° of phase transitions phase analysis in the step (3) to ensure phase
Position transfer admittance if conversion phase error is greater than 5 ° needs that step (3) are repeated, and until error is less than 5 °, is expired
The 90 ° of phase seismic data cubes needed enough.
3. a kind of horizontal well region braid deltas seismic reservoir sedimentology quantitatively characterizing method according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that proposing the research side of the combination of a kind of new horizontal well and Seismic Sedimentology in the step (9) (10)
Method.The specific steps are projecting to the log of net horizontal section on the strata slicing of corresponding depth, the lateral height of horizontal well is utilized
Resolution ratio demarcates strata slicing, and the two is mutually authenticated, and mutually constraint can not only characterize the boundary of different origins sand body,
The heterogeneity inside reservoir can also be finely characterized using the net horizontal section drilled inside sand body, meticulous depiction is developed every interlayer
Situation effectively improves RESERVOIR INTERPRETATION precision and accuracy.
4. the braid deltas reservoir quantitatively characterizing method according to claim 1 based on Seismic Sedimentology, feature
It is in the step (10), provides a kind of method that well shake combines coombe inside identification channel bar.It is embodied in, in water
Horizontal well section channel bar sand body GR curve overall performance is the feature of the micro- tooth box-shaped of middle low value and the bell compound development of box-shaped-, in sand
Internal portion is there are curve caused by thin layers of mudstone is return, it can be seen that, plane development is that ribbon is abnormal on seismic slice
Low value area determines that these interlayers are the coombe deposition inside channel bar.
5. the braid deltas reservoir quantitatively characterizing method according to claim 1 based on Seismic Sedimentology, feature
It is in the step (11), the quantitative deposition of different sedimentary micro type sand bodies is known in the Braided-river Deltas of foundation
It is as follows to know library:
Lb=7.4433Wb 0.8191 R2=0.9641
Wc=0.3128Wb 1.0027 R2=0.8384
Wg=0.4822Wb 0.6923 R2=0.8792
In formula: for channel bar length, WbFor channel bar width, WcFor braided channel width, WgIt is wide for coombe.
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| WO2023124912A1 (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-07-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Prediction method and apparatus for carbonate rock sedimentary facies category |
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| WO2023124912A1 (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-07-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Prediction method and apparatus for carbonate rock sedimentary facies category |
| CN115629417A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-01-20 | 西南石油大学 | Multi-scale fusion and phase-controlled particle beach depicting method based on seismic sedimentology |
| CN115629417B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-08-15 | 西南石油大学 | Multi-scale fusion and phase control particle beach characterization method based on seismology |
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