CN111548838A - 一种餐厨垃圾燃料球及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种餐厨垃圾燃料球,其特征在于:包括餐橱垃圾原料、生石灰、助燃剂,所述餐橱垃圾含水量为30%~50%,生石灰质量为餐橱垃圾质量的2%~10%,助燃剂质量为餐橱垃圾质量的2%~5%,本发明将餐厨垃圾经过粉碎机粉碎后脱水,再经过油水分离机把油脂和水分开,水通过污水处理系统,得到三级排放水进入下水道,油脂收集作为工业用油的原料,剩余残渣加入添加剂、粘合剂,比如生石灰、硝酸钡、氯化钠、石油焦粉、磺酸钠纤维素等,利用硝酸钡的氧化性,氯化钠的催化作用以及石油焦粉等燃料的助燃作用,增加了燃料球的燃烧性能,真正实现了餐厨垃圾的无害化处理,将餐橱垃圾变废为宝。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及餐厨垃圾再利用技术领域,具体涉及一种餐厨垃圾燃料球及其制作方法。
背景技术
随着人民生活水平的提高以及社会环保力度的加大,国家大力推广干湿垃圾分类处理,特别在湿垃圾餐厨垃圾处理方面处理方式单一,且污染环境。传统的处理方式:直接排入下水道,直接填埋,生物技术如堆肥、饲料化处理等,由于餐厨垃圾含有大量的盐分,各种细菌,病毒以及重金属,以上方式对环境以及人畜造成极大危害。
发明内容
为克服所述不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种餐厨垃圾燃料球及其制作方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种餐厨垃圾燃料球,包括餐橱垃圾原料、生石灰、助燃剂,所述餐橱垃圾含水量为30%~50%,生石灰质量为餐橱垃圾质量的2%~10%,助燃剂质量为餐橱垃圾质量的2%~5%,餐橱垃圾、生石灰、助燃剂混合均匀后经过压球机挤压成型,即环保餐厨垃圾燃料球,生石灰具有杀菌、祛味、除硫等作用。
具体地,所述助燃剂包括20~30质量份的氧化剂硝酸钡(BaNO4)、2~5质量份的催化剂氯化钠(NaCl)、15-16质量份的粘结剂膨润土、20~35质量份的石油焦粉、19~22质量份的木质素磺酸钠,其中硝酸钡的氧化性、氯化钠的催化作用以及石油焦粉等燃料的助燃作用,增加了燃料球的燃烧性能。
一种餐厨垃圾燃料球的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1.餐橱垃圾撕碎、脱水,湿垃圾专用车将餐厨垃圾运到处理厂,倒入垃圾储存池,按承载量放入垃圾撕碎机,撕碎后进入螺杆挤压机进行脱水,得含水量为60%~80%的脱水残渣、油水一;
步骤2.脱水残渣烘干,得餐橱垃圾原料,将步骤1中的脱水残渣加入滚筒式烘干机内进行烘干,烘干后得含水量为30%~50%的烘干残渣、油水二;
步骤3.将步骤2中所得烘干残渣放入搅拌机内,加入2%~10%氧化钙、2%~5%的助燃剂,搅拌均匀,然后通过压球机压制成型,得燃料球成品。
具体地,还包括步骤4,所述步骤1所得油水一与步骤2所得油水二合并得油水,油水经油水分离器分离得油水残渣、水、油脂,其中油水残渣放入步骤3中的搅拌机内,与烘干残渣一起作为原料使用。
具体地,所述步骤4中所得水经污水处理器处理成三级排放水,排放至下水道即可。
本发明具有以下有益效果:本发明将餐厨垃圾经过粉碎机粉碎后,再经过螺杆挤压机进一步挤压脱水,得到含水量为40%左右的固体残渣以及油水混合液,再经过油水分离机把油脂和水分开,水通过污水处理系统,得到三级排放水进入下水道,油脂收集作为工业用油的原料,剩余残渣加入添加剂、粘合剂,比如生石灰、硝酸钡、氯化钠、石油焦粉、磺酸钠纤维素等,利用硝酸钡的氧化性,氯化钠的催化作用以及石油焦粉等燃料的助燃作用,增加了燃料球的燃烧性能,真正实现了餐厨垃圾的无害化处理,将餐橱垃圾变废为宝。
附图说明
图1为本发明的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
一种餐厨垃圾燃料球及其制作方法,包括:
步骤1.湿垃圾专用车将餐厨垃圾运到处理厂,倒入垃圾储存池,按承载量放入垃圾撕碎机,进入螺杆挤压机进行脱水,得含水量为60%的脱水残渣、油水一;
步骤2.将步骤1中的脱水残渣加入滚筒式烘干机内进行烘干,烘干后得含水量为30%的烘干残渣、油水二;
步骤3.将200Kg步骤2中所得烘干残渣放入搅拌机内,加入4Kg氧化钙、4Kg的助燃剂,搅拌均匀,然后通过压球机压制成型,得燃料球成品,其中助燃剂包括25份硝酸钡、5份NaCl、30份石油焦粉、15份膨润土、20份木质素磺酸钠。
步骤4.所述步骤1所得油水一与步骤2所得油水二合并得油水,油水经油水分离器分离得油水残渣、水、油脂,其中油水残渣放入步骤3中的搅拌机内,与烘干残渣一起作为原料使用,所述步骤4中所得水经污水处理器处理成三级排放水,排放至下水道即可。
所得燃料球成品热值为4200千焦/千克,燃料球含硫量0.23%。
实施例2
一种餐厨垃圾燃料球及其制作方法,包括:
步骤1.湿垃圾专用车将餐厨垃圾运到处理厂,倒入垃圾储存池,按承载量放入垃圾撕碎机,进入螺杆挤压机进行脱水,得含水量为70%的脱水残渣、油水一;
步骤2.将步骤1中的脱水残渣加入滚筒式烘干机内进行烘干,烘干后得含水量为40%的烘干残渣、油水二;
步骤3.将200kg步骤2中所得烘干残渣放入搅拌机内,加入16Kg生石灰,3%的助燃剂,搅拌均匀,然后通过压球机压制成型,得燃料球成品,其中助燃剂包括20份硝酸钡、3份NaCl、35份石油焦粉、16份膨润土、19份木质素磺酸钠。
步骤4.所述步骤1所得油水一与步骤2所得油水二合并得油水,油水经油水分离器分离得油水残渣、水、油脂,其中油水残渣放入步骤3中的搅拌机内,与烘干残渣一起作为原料使用,所述步骤4中所得水经污水处理器处理成三级排放水,排放至下水道即可。
所得燃料球成品热值为4300千焦/千克,燃料球含硫量0.2%。
实施例3
一种餐厨垃圾燃料球及其制作方法,包括:
步骤1.湿垃圾专用车将餐厨垃圾运到处理厂,倒入垃圾储存池,按承载量放入垃圾撕碎机,进入螺杆挤压机进行脱水,得含水量为80%的脱水残渣、油水一;
步骤2.将步骤1中的脱水残渣加入滚筒式烘干机内进行烘干,烘干后得含水量为50%的烘干残渣、油水二;
步骤3.将200Kg步骤2中所得烘干残渣加入40Kg的无烟粉煤,放入搅拌机内,加入20Kg生石灰,加入10Kg的助燃剂,搅拌均匀,然后通过压球机压制成型,得燃料球成品,其中助燃剂包括30份硝酸钡、5份NaCl、20份石油焦粉、15份膨润土、22份木质素磺酸钠。
步骤4.所述步骤1所得油水一与步骤2所得油水二合并得油水,油水经油水分离器分离得油水残渣、水、油脂,其中油水残渣放入步骤2中的烘干机进行烘干,然后加入搅拌机内,与烘干残渣一起作为原料使用,所述步骤4中所得水经污水处理器处理成三级排放水,排放至下水道即可。
所得燃料球成品热值为4300千焦/千克,燃料球含硫量0.2%。
本发明不局限于所述实施方式,任何人应得知在本发明的启示下作出的结构变化,凡是与本发明具有相同或相近的技术方案,均落入本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明未详细描述的技术、形状、构造部分均为公知技术。
Claims (5)
1.一种餐厨垃圾燃料球,其特征在于:包括餐橱垃圾原料、生石灰、助燃剂,所述餐橱垃圾含水量为30%~50%,生石灰质量为餐橱垃圾质量的2%~10%,助燃剂质量为餐橱垃圾质量的2%~5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种餐厨垃圾燃料球,其特征在于:所述助燃剂包括20~30质量份的氧化剂硝酸钡)、2~5质量份的催化剂氯化钠(NaCl)、15-16质量份的粘结剂膨润土、20~35质量份的石油焦粉、19~22质量份的木质素磺酸钠。
3.一种餐厨垃圾燃料球的制作方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤1.餐橱垃圾撕碎、脱水,倒入垃圾储存池,按承载量放入垃圾撕碎机,撕碎后进入螺杆挤压机进行脱水,得含水量为60%~80%的脱水残渣、油水一;
步骤2.脱水残渣烘干,得餐橱垃圾原料,将步骤1中的脱水残渣加入滚筒式烘干机内进行烘干,烘干后得含水量为30%~50%的烘干残渣、油水二;
步骤3.将步骤2中所得烘干残渣放入搅拌机内,加入2%~10%氧化钙、2%~5%的助燃剂,搅拌均匀,然后通过压球机压制成型,得燃料球成品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种餐厨垃圾燃料球的制作方法,其特征在于:还包括步骤4,所述步骤1所得油水一与步骤2所得油水二合并得油水,油水经油水分离器分离得油水残渣、水、油脂,其中油水残渣放入步骤3中的搅拌机内,与烘干残渣一起作为原料使用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种餐厨垃圾燃料球的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤4中所得水经污水处理器处理成三级排放水,排放至下水道即可。
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