CN111546943A

CN111546943A - Dynamic clutch unit of power battery

Info

Publication number: CN111546943A
Application number: CN202010085489.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱雪东; 朱宇飞; 康诺熙
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-02-10
Filing date: 2020-02-10
Publication date: 2020-08-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic clutch unit of a power battery, which comprises a clutch module, a collector, a memory and a processor MCU. The clutch module includes a relay or a Moss tube. The MCU acquires the information of the single battery, including voltage, current, temperature and capacity, through the collector, and integrates and judges the information with the stored information; if the single battery is judged to be fed or overcharged, the MCU controls the clutch module to strip the single battery from the battery pack; until all cells are stripped. The invention can fully utilize the capacity of all the battery monomers, realize the dynamic combination and balance of the battery pack, avoid the barrel effect of the series batteries and prolong the service life of the batteries. The hot plug of the battery monomer can be realized; and the replacement of the gas station by the power station is promoted.

Description

Dynamic clutch unit of power battery

Technical Field

Battery control systems for electric vehicles and electric bicycles; a power battery equalization system; a power battery charging and discharging system; the balance of the power battery can be effectively solved, and the service life of the whole battery pack is greatly prolonged. The popularization of the battery replacement station can be realized; an energy recycling system; a power battery replacing system (replacing station system); a gas station abatement system; accelerating system in new energy automobile industry; a power battery hot plug system; the power battery is a detachable and replaceable system; a household charging and discharging system; a solar charge-discharge system; the battery is fully charged within five minutes (the fully charged battery is replaced within five minutes for the electric automobile to continuously run); inquiring and ordering in real time by the remote cloud system of the battery; a battery nationwide networking cloud service viewing system; a battery recovery and regeneration system; the power battery is automatically connected to the stripping system.

Background

As oil is continuously produced, oil reserves are increasingly reduced. The dependence on new energy sources is increasing day by day. The convenience and rapidity of electricity make it the first choice encouraged by governments as a replacement for oil. Lithium-based batteries are taken as a main representative of the power batteries, and the power batteries are lithium batteries hereinafter. However, under the current technical conditions, the energy factor of electricity replacing petroleum in the aspect of human vehicle movement is seriously hindered by the fatal defects of long charging time of a power battery, short service life of the battery, high cost, poor balance and the like.

In order to provide higher voltage, (lower current at rated power), the power cell must be connected in series with a plurality of small battery packs. The constitution of each battery pack is different, repeated charging and discharging can be carried out in the repeated use process of a user, the battery can be damaged by memory or large current impact overcharge and overdischarge, and the loss degree is different for each battery. Severe capacity inconsistencies can occur between battery strings over time. The series system is the barrel effect and the worst cell capacity determines the capacity of the entire battery pack. The worst battery is full of other good batteries and is also hungry during charging; the worst battery is dead when used and the other good batteries must be shut down. If the software does not control the charge and discharge logic of the battery well, the overshoot or the over-discharge of part of the battery is caused, and the exhaustion of the battery pack is accelerated rapidly; the annual decay rate of 50% of battery capacity can be achieved according to the feedback of users of a certain famous automobile factory caused by over-discharge of overshoot! The serious capacity reduction of the battery (less and less water in the water barrel) seriously influences the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle. Who dare to buy the electric automobile!

The electric vehicle can not be refueled at a gas station with the same money as a fuel tank, and the endurance can be changed from zero to full blood in three minutes. If the electric vehicle can be changed from zero power to full power within three minutes, the electric vehicle can be changed all over the world, drivers are willing to buy and drive the electric vehicle, after all, the cost of power utilization is only one tenth of that of oil, and the comfort level of the electric vehicle during running is incomparable with the oil vehicle. Enabling the technology based on this patent, it is a complete possibility to switch batteries in three minutes! The battery replacement mode is realized, and all the problems in the aspects of the battery performance and the efficiency of the electric vehicle are not the problem!

Disclosure of Invention

Dynamic access or stripping of battery pack by using high-current relay/mos tube

The working principle is as follows: a single-pole double-throw relay is adopted as a core component; when the contact pin of the relay is turned to the left, the battery individual is connected to the system to work; when the contact pin of the relay is turned to the right, the battery individual is stripped out to enable the power supply system to sleep; referring to the description of the drawings in the first place:

module state schematic diagram: referring to the second drawing:

MCU central processing unit control: logic flow diagram: referring to the third drawing in the specification:

device battery side wiring schematic: referring to the specification, figure four:

n battery boxes are connected in series and connected with batteries, and power supply can be realized through the coordination control of the central processing unit MCU: with reference to the description attached to the fifth:

detailed description: each single battery adopts a high-power double-throw relay to realize automatic access or separation (off-line rest), and the access and the separation of the single batteries are controlled by the mcu according to the critical point feedback of the battery capacity. When the contact pin of the relay is turned to the left, the battery individual is connected to the system to work; when the contact pin of the relay is turned to the right, the battery individual is stripped out to enable the power supply system to sleep;

discharging: when the voltage of a certain single battery is reduced to meet failure conditions such as a threshold algorithm pre-stored in a battery chip, the mcu judges that the battery capacity uses light and sends a signal to the corresponding relay for switching, so that the battery is separated from a power system for in-situ rest; after the relay is switched successfully, the mcu confirms the total voltage again, sends the total voltage value to the motor driving system, makes psychological preparation that one person (battery) is dry and alive, and drives the motor to move forward. With the continuous operation of the automobile, more and more batteries have a rest, and when the number of the battery packs which are possibly driven is the least, the mcu judges the power consumption of the automobile power battery and prompts a user to charge the battery in time (some margins can be used for reminding in advance so as not to push the automobile). The motor needs to accommodate performance variations due to the total voltage reduction.

Calculating the battery capacity: the sum of the battery charging capacity (plus the previously unused residual capacity) is the voltage current time integral of the power consumption.

Charging: when the system detects that a charger is inserted into an automobile card and has an external voltage of 220V or 380V, the mcu pulls all battery relays to be in an access state, simultaneously informs the charger of the required charging voltage and other parameters to start charging, and simultaneously continuously detects the voltage value of the battery pack and accumulates the voltage value into the capacity of a single battery pack; when the voltage change rate of a certain battery pack reaches full charge first, the capacity of the battery pack is recorded, charging is stopped, the relay is controlled to disconnect the corresponding small battery relay, then the charger is timely informed that one less battery (determined by total voltage judgment) needs to reduce charging voltage in time, the rest small battery packs are continuously charged, and the process is circulated until all the battery packs are charged and all the relays are disconnected. And (3) equalization: all relays can be opened again and the charger is informed to output trickle current to supplement charging of the battery pack, and the detection voltages are fed back one by one to disconnect the sufficient battery pack. And (5) finishing charging and disconnecting all the power batteries to enable the battery system to be in a standby state. The charger is required to be capable of outputting the voltage of different numbers of batteries connected in series for charging.

Battery replacement: by adding the battery on-site mark from the structure (a battery disassembly structure) and combining the logic control of the mcu, the mixed insertion operation of battery packs with different charging quantities can be easily realized, in other words, the automobile can enter a battery replacement station to replace the charged batteries, and several groups are replaced.

Since each small battery can be independently connected with or disconnected from the power battery at any time, the capacity specifications of the small batteries are completely the same, and the requirement is not required. In other words, the power battery can be inserted into several batteries as long as enough slots are provided, and the power battery can be inserted into several batteries at any time without concerning the charging percentage among the battery packs and whether the specifications of the battery packs are completely consistent or not.

Imagine that xiaoming has been in Hangzhou city recently, then he rents 30 battery packs for use, and fills the charging pile at home or near the district every day to charge the electric vehicle with zero cost and oil consumption. On a certain day, the user suddenly thinks that the user wants to go shopping at sea, the user drives the electric vehicle to go to a battery replacing station, 20 fully charged battery packs are inserted in three minutes, and the user can move at a high speed. When the situation that 30 batteries of the user are dead at high speed is found, the user sees that the battery changing station is opened to directly change 30 or 50 batteries into full power, and then the user continues to lift and move to continue zero oil consumption. The battery replaced by the battery replacing station is directly charged in the charging production line and waits for the next customer to replace the battery. The battery pack replaced by the customer is not required to be discharged but is directly charged, so that a great amount of electric energy can be saved (more precious electric energy sources can be wasted in order to balance the batteries every year). Protect the environment, people are responsible!

The advantages of the vehicle and the enterprise are as follows: the electric quantity specification and the charging electric quantity value of the battery pack do not need to be concerned, and the same user explosion can be brought to a battery replacing enterprise and an electric vehicle enterprise adopting the technology.

There is no risk of short circuits: because the possibility of parallel connection does not exist, short-circuit explosion between the battery packs related to the patent can never occur. In a plurality of series-parallel patents, software is used for logic conversion between series connection and parallel connection, once software runs away or hardware is damaged, the battery is short-circuited and exploded, destructive results are generated, the results are not imaginable, and popularization is difficult.

The following considerations need to be addressed:

1. the power of the total battery is insufficient, the power can be compensated by increasing the number of battery packs (increasing the voltage), and the current maintains smaller current; 2. excessive internal resistance: the current is reduced to offset the influence of internal resistance, and meanwhile, the relay process can be improved to reduce the contact resistance. Mos tubes may also be used; 3. the battery pack is suitable for being applied to an electric automobile, 48v is recommended to be a battery pack specification, and 12v is recommended to be a battery pack for being applied to an electric bicycle; too small a relay is too many, and too large a relay does not work. The above specifications are merely suggested and the patent is not so limited.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a core schematic diagram of the invention, and an MCU controls the unit cell to be combined or separated through a single-pole double-throw relay;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the states of the modules;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the MCU control logic flow;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cell wiring diagram;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of single batteries connected in series to form a large battery pack.

Claims

1. The dynamic clutch unit of the power battery comprises a large-current MOS switch tube module of a large-current relay, a battery information collector, a battery information memory, a data storage format and a central controller MCU, and the corresponding peripheral components comprise a motor, a motor controller and a whole vehicle charger; the key characteristics are as follows: the on and off of the relay or the mos tube realize the on and off of a certain single battery, the on and off process does not need human participation, but the MCU judges the output signal according to the battery state to automatically turn on or off the battery, thereby achieving the functions of battery replacement and battery equalization in the traditional sense; even if the relay or the MOS tube fails or software logic runs away, the short circuit of the battery cannot be caused, and explosion hazard cannot be brought.

2. The dynamic power battery clutch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a single-pole double-throw relay mos tube and its equivalent circuit device are used, and at any time, the relay mos tube either switches on the positive pole of the battery and switches off the negative pole, or switches on the negative pole of the battery and switches off the positive pole; the situation that the positive electrode and the negative electrode are conducted at the same time can never occur (the short circuit and the explosion can not occur).

3. The dynamic clutch unit for the power battery is characterized in that a total battery is formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series through a relay mos tube, and the number is defined as N.

4. The number of batteries serving the motor is 0-N, i.e. each cell can be switched on or off at any time.

5. The dynamic clutch unit for power batteries according to claim 1, wherein each single battery corresponds to a storage, and the battery information is stored in the storage, and the dynamic clutch unit for power batteries at least comprises: rated capacity, rated voltage, overshoot over-discharge limit protection voltage point, battery capacity, charging amount, temperature, date of delivery, detailed charging record, and detailed discharging record.

6. The dynamic clutch unit of the power battery according to claim 1, wherein each single battery has a set of information sampling device, and the MCU needs to be provided with at least data: real-time current, real-time voltage, battery temperature.

7. The power battery dynamic clutch unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MCU determines the percentage of the current capacity of the battery or even the failure determination according to the real-time data of the battery, the rated information of the battery, the terminal voltage of the battery and the current-following decreasing amplitude, and sends an access or stripping command to the mos relay based on the determination.

8. The dynamic clutch unit for the power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the single battery can be detached and installed at any time; the charging quantities of the N single batteries are not required to be completely consistent at all, even the rated capacities and the rated voltages of the batteries can be different, and the completely-discharged and fully-charged batteries can be simultaneously installed on one automobile.

9. The dynamic clutch unit for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that no balancing device is required, and it is not necessary to design energy consuming circuits to force the consumption of strong cells in order to take care of weak cells.

10. The dynamic clutch unit for the power battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the entire vehicle charger provides charging electrical parameters and trickle charging parameters which are 1 to N times of the rated voltage of the single body.

11. The dynamic clutch unit for power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor and motor controller need to support a driving capability of X times the rated voltage of the cell, X < = N; .

12. The dynamic clutch unit for the power battery according to claim 1, wherein the MCU is required to provide 0 to N of service numbers of the single batteries to the whole vehicle system, and the whole vehicle system is required to be provided to a driver explicitly at the first time by means of a vehicle panel and the like.

13. The dynamic clutch unit of the power battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein in order to reduce the influence caused by the contact resistance of the relay, the contact resistance is reduced by adopting a shunt mode of a plurality of groups of relays and mos switch tubes, and the influence caused by the failure of the switch element is reduced by adopting a mode of connecting a safety element in series.