CN110406426B - Lithium battery pack system special for lithium electric forklift and control method - Google Patents
Lithium battery pack system special for lithium electric forklift and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110406426B CN110406426B CN201910689779.5A CN201910689779A CN110406426B CN 110406426 B CN110406426 B CN 110406426B CN 201910689779 A CN201910689779 A CN 201910689779A CN 110406426 B CN110406426 B CN 110406426B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium battery pack system special for a lithium electric forklift and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of monitoring of lithium battery packs of electric forklifts. The lithium battery pack system comprises a battery module, a battery management system, a DCDC converter, a discharging connector and a charging connector, and further comprises a heating sheet arranged on the battery module, wherein the battery module is connected with the battery management system through the DCDC converter, and is respectively connected with the discharging connector and the charging connector; the both ends of heating plate are connected respectively at the both ends of battery module. Formulate reasonable heating strategy and carry out mutual information through CAN communication and lithium electric fork truck, CAN guarantee the use of lithium cell package system and lithium electric fork truck under low temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring of lithium battery packs of electric forklifts, in particular to a lithium battery pack system special for a lithium battery forklift and a control method.
Background
With the continuous increase of the current vehicle holding capacity, the consumption of the traditional petrochemical energy sources is accumulated day by day, and the serious environmental pollution problem is caused. As petroleum is an irrenewable resource in a short period of time, the supply of petroleum will become more and more intense and the price will increase with the increase of the use amount and the decrease of the reserve amount, which will limit a series of industrial developments using traditional petroleum as energy. A plurality of new energy products are derived from the current situation of energy development in the world, and are widely and practically applied to the traffic demand market. The national strong support and the increase of market demand promote the leap-over development of lithium battery economy in China. Lithium iron battery gets into the fork truck trade and can bring subversive development potentiality for electric fork truck, contrast lead acid battery, and the lithium cell has great advantage in the aspect of practicality, economic nature, is future electric fork truck's development trend.
At present, batteries used by electric forklifts in the market mainly adopt lead-acid batteries, lithium ion batteries are rarely adopted, and the lead-acid batteries can generate hydrogen when being charged and generate acid mist, so that the environment pollution is serious; the lead-acid battery has low discharge rate, the discharge rate of the general lead-acid battery is only 83.0 percent, and the battery capacity cannot be fully utilized; the lead-acid battery has low charging efficiency, the average charging efficiency of the lead-acid battery is 80%, 8-10 hours are required for charging the lead-acid battery from 0% to 100%, acid mist is generated in the charging process and needs to be placed in a special ventilating charging room, otherwise, air deflagration is easily generated, and the distilled water content and manual supplement need to be manually checked during charging; the lead-acid battery has a battery memory effect, is completely charged and discharged within 400-1000 times, has 10% of residual electric quantity and has a memory effect; in the aspect of low-temperature discharge performance, the optimal discharge temperature of the lead-acid battery is 25 ℃, the capacity is reduced by 1% when the temperature is reduced once, and the capacity at 0 ℃ is remained by 70% -75%; in the aspect of battery standing, the lead-acid battery is not used or charged within 1 year after standing, so that the capacity of the battery is rapidly reduced, heavy metal pollution is easily caused to the environment when the lead-acid battery is used and recovered, and how to develop a lithium ion battery for an electric forklift, which is safe, environment-friendly, long in service life and capable of being rapidly charged and discharged, is a technical problem which needs to be urgently solved by professional technicians in the field.
Due to the chemical characteristics of the lithium battery, the discharge and charge capacities of the battery cell are greatly limited under the condition of the temperature of below 0 ℃, the capacity of a battery system can be seriously influenced by unlimited use, and the service life of the battery is greatly shortened. Therefore, the lithium battery pack for the common electric forklift is not suitable for the low-temperature environment at present.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is urgently needed to invent a new lithium battery pack system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a lithium battery pack system special for a lithium electric forklift and a control method, wherein the lithium battery is prevented from working in a low-temperature environment by monitoring the temperature of the lithium battery.
A lithium battery pack system special for a lithium electric forklift comprises a battery module, a battery management system, a DCDC converter, a discharging connector and a charging connector, and further comprises a heating sheet arranged on the battery module, wherein the battery module is connected with the battery management system through the DCDC converter and is respectively connected with the discharging connector and the charging connector; the both ends of heating plate are connected respectively at the both ends of battery module.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged on the battery module and used for measuring the temperature of the battery core of the module, and the temperature sensor is connected with a battery management system; the battery management system collects voltage at two ends of the battery module and temperature data of the temperature sensor.
Furthermore, a total positive fuse is arranged at the positive end of the battery module and is respectively connected with the DCDC converter, the positive end of the discharging connector and the positive end of the charging connector through the total positive fuse; the negative end of the battery module is provided with a shunt and is respectively connected with the DCDC converter, the negative end of the discharge connector and the negative end of the charge connector through the shunt; one end of the heating sheet is connected with the total positive fuse, the positive end of the charging connector and the positive end of the discharging connector, and the other end of the heating sheet is connected with the shunt, the negative end of the charging connector and the negative end of the discharging connector.
Furthermore, a charging relay is connected in series between the positive end of the battery module and the charging connector, and a discharging relay is connected in series between the positive end of the battery module and the discharging connector; and a key switch is arranged between the battery module and the DCDC converter.
Further, the both ends of heating plate be equipped with heating positive relay and heating negative relay respectively, the positive end of heating relay and battery module is connected, the other end is connected with the positive end of charging connector and discharging connector, the negative end of heating relay and battery module is connected, the other end is connected with charging connector and discharging connector negative end.
Furthermore, both ends of the discharging relay are connected in parallel with a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging relay, and the pre-charging resistor is connected in series with the pre-charging relay.
Further, when the battery module needs to be charged, the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrifying temperature is greater than 12 ℃, heating is not started, the battery module directly enters a pure charging mode, and the battery module is charged; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than-28 ℃; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =12 ℃ of the battery cell; and (3) closing conditions: cell minimum temperature Tmin > =15 ℃.
Further, when the battery module discharges, the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrifying temperature is more than 5 ℃, heating is not started, and pure discharge is directly carried out; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than-30 ℃; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =5 ℃ of the initial battery cell of electrification; and (3) closing conditions: cell minimum temperature Tmin > =10 ℃.
Further, the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrifying temperature is less than-10 ℃ and the SOC is less than 20%, the heating relay is not closed, a power reduction instruction is sent to the whole vehicle, a stop instruction is sent after 60S, if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and continues for 8S, the discharging relay is disconnected, and the relay does not recover; the lowest temperature Tmin of the initial battery cell is lower than-10 ℃ and the SOC is more than or equal to 20%, a stop instruction is sent, and the heating relay is closed to start heating; the lowest temperature of the electric core at the initial electrification is more than or equal to minus 10 ℃ and less than or equal to Tmin and less than or equal to 5 ℃, and the heating relay is closed to start heating; the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 5 ℃, and the battery cell is in a pure discharge mode; when the Tmin is more than or equal to 10 ℃, performing second heating judgment, when the Tmin is less than or equal to 0 ℃, sending a parking instruction to the whole vehicle, and if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and the discharging relay is disconnected for 8S; and powering on again, and then entering heating judgment again.
A control method based on the lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift comprises the following steps:
(1) the BMS power management system is powered on, whether a charging signal is detected or not is judged, if the charging signal is detected, a discharging related relay is disconnected, a charging mode is entered, and the step (2) is executed; if the charging signal is not detected, the charging relay is disconnected to enter the discharging mode in the step (4);
(2) after entering a charging mode, judging whether charging faults exist or the charging faults are full, if so, sending a charging termination message to a charger, cutting off a charging related relay after 2s, and re-executing the step (1) to re-electrify the BMS power management system; if not, executing the step (3);
(3) and closing the charging relay to execute a charging and heating method: the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 12 ℃, and the pure charging is directly carried out without starting heating; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin < -28 ℃ of the battery cell is reached; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =12 ℃ of the battery cell; and (3) closing conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin > =15 ℃ of the battery cell; when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than 0 ℃, heating is carried out, and charging is not carried out; after the judgment and action are completed, the BMS power control system is powered up again;
(4) after entering a discharging mode, judging whether discharging protection exists, if so, disconnecting and locking a discharging related relay after 1s, and then returning to the step (1) to electrify the BMS power management system again; if the discharging protection does not exist, closing the pre-charging relay, closing the discharging relay after 500ms, and opening the pre-charging relay after 1000ms, and then executing the discharging heating method in the step (5);
(5) the discharge heating method comprises the following steps: the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 5 ℃, and the battery cell directly enters pure discharge without starting heating; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than-30 ℃; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =5 ℃ of the initial battery cell of electrification; and (3) closing conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin > =10 ℃ of the battery cell; the lowest temperature Tmin of an initial battery cell is electrified to be less than-10 ℃ and the SOC is less than 20%, a heating positive relay or a heating negative relay is not closed, a power reduction instruction is sent to the whole vehicle, a stop instruction is sent after 60S, if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and continues for 8S, the discharging relay is disconnected, and the relay does not recover; the lowest temperature Tmin of the initial battery cell is lower than-10 ℃ and the SOC is more than or equal to 20%, a stop instruction is sent, and the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay are closed to start heating; the lowest temperature of the electric core at the initial electrification is more than or equal to minus 10 ℃ and less than or equal to Tmin and less than or equal to 5 ℃, and the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay are closed to start heating; the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 5 ℃, and the battery cell is in a pure discharge mode; when the Tmin is more than or equal to 10 ℃, performing second heating judgment, when the Tmin is less than or equal to 0 ℃, sending a parking instruction to the whole vehicle, and if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and the discharging relay is disconnected for 8S; after the actions and the judgment are completed, the BMS power control system is powered on again, and then the heating judgment is carried out again.
The invention provides a lithium battery pack system for a lithium electric forklift, which is characterized in that a reasonable heating strategy is formulated, information is interacted with the lithium electric forklift through CAN communication, and the lithium battery pack system and the lithium electric forklift CAN be guaranteed to be used in a low-temperature environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings in the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, a lithium battery pack system dedicated for a lithium electric forklift includes a battery module, a heating sheet, a battery management system, a non-isolated DCDC converter, a debugging port, a discharging connector, and a charging connector. The positive end of battery module is equipped with total positive fuse to be connected with DCDC converter, discharge connector and the positive end of charging connector respectively through total positive fuse. And a shunt is arranged at the negative end of the battery module and is respectively connected with the negative ends of the DCDC converter, the discharging connector and the charging connector through the shunt. The DCDC converter is connected with the battery management system, and in order to prevent the reverse connection of the DCDC converter and the battery management system from damaging the battery management system, a diode is arranged between the DCDC converter and the battery management system to prevent the reverse flow of current, and the negative ends of the DCDC converter and the battery management system are grounded. The battery management system is respectively connected with the debugging port and the discharging connector through a first CAN bus and is respectively connected with the debugging port and the charging connector through a second CAN bus.
In order to realize the control of the power-off of the battery management system, a key switch is arranged between the main positive fuse and the DCDC converter, the switch is closed, the DCDC converter is electrified for voltage conversion, and the battery management system works; and the switch is disconnected, the DCDC converter is powered off, and the battery management system does not work.
In order to realize the control of charging and discharging, a discharging relay, a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging relay are connected in series between the main positive fuse and the positive end of the discharging connector, the discharging relay is connected with the pre-charging resistor and the pre-charging relay in parallel, and the pre-charging resistor is connected with the pre-charging relay in series. The pre-charging resistor and the pre-charging relay pre-charge the capacitor of the vehicle control unit before the discharging relay is closed, so that the discharging relay is prevented from being adhered. And a charging relay is connected in series between the total positive fuse and the positive end of the charging connector.
Because the lithium battery can not be charged and discharged in a low-temperature environment, the battery module is provided with a heating sheet, two ends of the heating sheet are provided with heating relays, one end of the heating sheet is provided with a heating positive relay, and the other end of the heating positive relay is connected with the common ends of the total positive fuse and the discharging relay; the other end of the heating piece is provided with a heating negative relay, and the other end of the heating negative relay is connected with the negative ends of the shunt and the discharge connector. When one heating relay is stuck, the other heating relay can play a role in controlling disconnection.
Be equipped with temperature sensor on the battery module for the temperature of module electricity core on the measurement battery module, temperature sensor's both ends and battery management system are connected, and simultaneously, battery module both ends are connected with battery management system, and battery management system gathers the voltage at battery module both ends. The relays used in the system are all automobile-level relays.
As shown in fig. 2, the control method is as follows:
(1) the BMS power management system is powered on, whether a charging signal is detected or not is judged, if the charging signal is detected, a discharging related relay is disconnected, a charging mode is entered, and the step (2) is executed; if the charging signal is not detected, the charging relay is disconnected to enter the discharging mode in the step (4);
(2) after entering a charging mode, judging whether charging faults exist or the charging faults are full, if so, sending a charging termination message to a charger, cutting off a charging related relay after 2s, and re-executing the step (1) to re-electrify the BMS power management system; if not, executing the step (3);
(3) and closing the charging relay to execute a charging and heating method: the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 12 ℃, and the pure charging is directly carried out without starting heating; the current of pure charging Itotal = I matrix, the I matrix is module current; and when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than-28 ℃, heating is forbidden. Heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =12 ℃ of the battery cell; and (3) closing conditions: cell minimum temperature Tmin > =15 ℃, current iow = I matrix + I heating. When the cell minimum temperature Tmin <0 ℃, heating is performed, and no charging is performed, icot = ico heating. After the judgment and action are completed, the BMS power control system is powered up again;
(4) after entering a discharging mode, judging whether discharging protection exists, if so, disconnecting and locking a discharging related relay after 1s, and then returning to the step (1) to electrify the BMS power management system again; if the discharging protection does not exist, closing the pre-charging relay, closing the discharging relay after 500ms, and opening the pre-charging relay after 1000ms, and then executing the discharging heating method in the step (5);
(5) the discharge heating method comprises the following steps: the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 5 ℃, and the battery cell directly enters pure discharge without starting heating; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than-30 ℃; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =5 ℃ of the initial battery cell of electrification; and (3) closing conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin > =10 ℃ of the battery cell; the lowest temperature Tmin of an initial battery cell is lower than-10 ℃ and SOC is lower than 20% (SOC is electric quantity), a heating positive relay or a heating negative relay is not closed, a power reduction instruction is sent to the whole vehicle, a stop instruction is sent after 60S, if the discharging current is detected to be larger than 30A and continues for 8S, the discharging relay is disconnected, and the relay does not recover; the lowest temperature Tmin of the initial battery cell is lower than-10 ℃ and the SOC is more than or equal to 20%, a stop instruction is sent, and the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay are closed to start heating; the lowest temperature of the electric core at the initial electrification is more than or equal to minus 10 ℃ and less than or equal to Tmin and less than or equal to 5 ℃, and the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay are closed to start heating; the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 5 ℃, and the battery cell is in a pure discharge mode; when the Tmin is more than or equal to 10 ℃, performing second heating judgment, when the Tmin is less than or equal to 0 ℃, sending a parking instruction to the whole vehicle, and if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and the discharging relay is disconnected for 8S; after the actions and the judgment are completed, the BMS power control system is powered on again, and then the heating judgment is carried out again.
Claims (9)
1. A lithium battery pack system special for a lithium electric forklift comprises a battery module, a battery management system, a DCDC converter, a discharging connector and a charging connector, and is characterized by further comprising a heating sheet arranged on the battery module, wherein the battery module is connected with the battery management system through the DCDC converter, and is respectively connected with the discharging connector and the charging connector; two ends of the heating sheet are respectively connected with two ends of the battery module;
the lowest temperature Tmin of an initial battery cell is electrified to be less than-10 ℃ and the SOC is less than 20%, a heating relay is not closed, a power reduction instruction is sent to the whole vehicle, a stop instruction is sent after 60S, if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and continues for 8S, the discharging relay is disconnected, and the relay does not recover; the lowest temperature Tmin of the initial battery cell is lower than-10 ℃ and the SOC is more than or equal to 20%, a stop instruction is sent, and the heating relay is closed to start heating; the lowest temperature of the electric core at the initial electrification is more than or equal to minus 10 ℃ and less than or equal to Tmin and less than or equal to 5 ℃, and the heating relay is closed to start heating; the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 5 ℃, and the battery cell is in a pure discharge mode; when the Tmin is more than or equal to 10 ℃, performing second heating judgment, when the Tmin is less than or equal to 0 ℃, sending a parking instruction to the whole vehicle, and if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and the discharging relay is disconnected for 8S; and powering on again, and then entering heating judgment again.
2. The lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift according to claim 1, wherein the battery module is provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor measures the temperature of a module cell, and the temperature sensor is connected with the battery management system; the battery management system collects voltage at two ends of the battery module and temperature data of the temperature sensor.
3. The lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift as claimed in claim 1, wherein a total positive fuse is arranged at the positive end of the battery module and is respectively connected with the DCDC converter, the positive end of the discharging connector and the positive end of the charging connector through the total positive fuse; the negative end of the battery module is provided with a shunt and is respectively connected with the DCDC converter, the negative end of the discharge connector and the negative end of the charge connector through the shunt; one end of the heating sheet is connected with the total positive fuse, the positive end of the charging connector and the positive end of the discharging connector, and the other end of the heating sheet is connected with the shunt, the negative end of the charging connector and the negative end of the discharging connector.
4. The lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift as claimed in claim 1, wherein a charging relay is connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery module and the charging connector, and a discharging relay is connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery module and the discharging connector; and a key switch is arranged between the battery module and the DCDC converter.
5. The lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift according to claim 1, wherein a heating positive relay and a heating negative relay are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating sheet, the heating positive relay is connected with a positive end of the battery module, the other end of the heating positive relay is connected with positive ends of the charging connector and the discharging connector, the heating negative relay is connected with a negative end of the battery module, and the other end of the heating negative relay is connected with negative ends of the charging connector and the discharging connector.
6. The lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift as claimed in claim 4, wherein a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging relay are connected in parallel at two ends of the discharging relay, and the pre-charging resistor is connected in series with the pre-charging relay.
7. The lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift according to claim 2, wherein when the battery module needs to be charged, the lowest temperature Tmin of an electric core at the initial electrifying temperature is greater than 12 ℃, heating is not started, the battery module directly enters a pure charging mode, and the battery module is charged; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than-28 ℃; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =12 ℃ of the battery cell; and (3) closing conditions: cell minimum temperature Tmin > =15 ℃.
8. The lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift according to claim 2, wherein when the battery module discharges, the lowest temperature Tmin of an electric core at the initial electrification is greater than 5 ℃, heating is not started, and pure discharge is directly performed; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than-30 ℃; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =5 ℃ of the initial battery cell of electrification; and (3) closing conditions: cell minimum temperature Tmin > =10 ℃.
9. The control method of the lithium battery pack system special for the lithium electric forklift is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) the BMS power management system is powered on, whether a charging signal is detected or not is judged, if the charging signal is detected, a discharging related relay is disconnected, a charging mode is entered, and the step (2) is executed; if the charging signal is not detected, the charging relay is disconnected to enter the discharging mode in the step (4);
(2) after entering a charging mode, judging whether charging faults exist or the charging faults are full, if so, sending a charging termination message to a charger, cutting off a charging related relay after 2s, and re-executing the step (1) to re-electrify the BMS power management system; if not, executing the step (3);
(3) and closing the charging relay to execute a charging and heating method: the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 12 ℃, and the pure charging is directly carried out without starting heating; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin < -28 ℃ of the battery cell is reached; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =12 ℃ of the battery cell; and (3) closing conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin > =15 ℃ of the battery cell; when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than 0 ℃, heating is carried out, and charging is not carried out; after the judgment and action are completed, the BMS power control system is powered up again;
(4) after entering a discharging mode, judging whether discharging protection exists, if so, disconnecting and locking a discharging related relay after 1s, and then returning to the step (1) to electrify the BMS power management system again; if the discharging protection does not exist, closing the pre-charging relay, closing the discharging relay after 500ms, and opening the pre-charging relay after 1000ms, and then executing the discharging heating method in the step (5);
(5) the discharge heating method comprises the following steps: the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 5 ℃, and the battery cell directly enters pure discharge without starting heating; heating is forbidden when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell is less than-30 ℃; heating start conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin < =5 ℃ of the initial battery cell of electrification; and (3) closing conditions: the lowest temperature Tmin > =10 ℃ of the battery cell; the lowest temperature Tmin of an initial battery cell is electrified to be less than-10 ℃ and the SOC is less than 20%, a heating positive relay or a heating negative relay is not closed, a power reduction instruction is sent to the whole vehicle, a stop instruction is sent after 60S, if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and continues for 8S, the discharging relay is disconnected, and the relay does not recover; the lowest temperature Tmin of the initial battery cell is lower than-10 ℃ and the SOC is more than or equal to 20%, a stop instruction is sent, and the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay are closed to start heating; the lowest temperature of the electric core at the initial electrification is more than or equal to minus 10 ℃ and less than or equal to Tmin and less than or equal to 5 ℃, and the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay are closed to start heating; the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery cell at the initial electrification is more than 5 ℃, and the battery cell is in a pure discharge mode; when the Tmin is more than or equal to 10 ℃, performing second heating judgment, when the Tmin is less than or equal to 0 ℃, sending a parking instruction to the whole vehicle, and if the discharging current is detected to be more than 30A and the discharging relay is disconnected for 8S; after the actions and the judgment are completed, the BMS power control system is powered on again, and then the heating judgment is carried out again.
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| CN111409503A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-14 | 苏州盱酋汽车科技有限公司 | Power system of miniature electric automobile and control method thereof |
| CN111591169B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-11-04 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Power battery high-voltage loop, control method and electric automobile |
| CN111660872B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 湖南行必达网联科技有限公司 | Control system and method of lithium battery |
| CN112201867A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-08 | 深圳悠典能源科技有限公司 | All-weather intelligent military vehicle-mounted energy storage system |
| CN112421706A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-26 | 惠州市蓝微新源技术有限公司 | Self-adaptive forklift high-low pressure system control system and method |
| CN112993438A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-18 | 中电科创智联(武汉)有限责任公司 | Semiconductor thermal management system for lithium battery of forklift |
| CN113078377A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-06 | 杭州鹏成新能源科技有限公司 | Thermal management method for forklift battery |
| CN113561847B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2024-03-22 | 安徽和鼎机电设备有限公司 | Lithium battery system and working method |
| CN116937014B (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-11-17 | 徐州徐工新能源动力科技有限公司 | Hybrid battery system, control circuit and control method |
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| CN207955350U (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-10-12 | 珠海银隆电器有限公司 | Power cell of vehicle system high voltage distribution installation and power cell of vehicle system |
| CN108493517B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2021-03-30 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Low-temperature protection system and method for battery of electric vehicle |
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