CN113078377A - Thermal management method for forklift battery - Google Patents
Thermal management method for forklift battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN113078377A CN113078377A CN202110281337.4A CN202110281337A CN113078377A CN 113078377 A CN113078377 A CN 113078377A CN 202110281337 A CN202110281337 A CN 202110281337A CN 113078377 A CN113078377 A CN 113078377A
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/07504—Accessories, e.g. for towing, charging, locking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/40—Working vehicles
- B60L2200/42—Fork lift trucks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of forklift batteries, and particularly relates to a thermal management method for a forklift battery, which comprises a charging heating mode and a discharging heating mode: the charging heating mode comprises 1.1) detecting the temperature of the battery, when the temperature of the battery is in a charging ultralow temperature area, the battery enters a 1.2) stage, when the temperature of the battery is in a charging low temperature area, the battery enters a 1.3) stage, and when the temperature of the battery is in a charging normal temperature area, the battery enters a 1.4) stage; 1.2) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the input current of the heating film; 1.3) setting the current output by the BMS to be the sum of the input current of the heating film and the charging current of the battery; 1.4) set the current output by the BMS to only the battery charging current. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention enables the battery to be used in a wider temperature range, and increases the temperature applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of forklift batteries, and particularly relates to a thermal management method for a forklift battery.
Background
At present, most of application environments of forklift batteries are severe, and the traditional battery thermal management strategy has insufficient adaptability to the environments and cannot meet the requirement of wide application of the batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a technical scheme of a thermal management method for a forklift battery.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized by comprising the following steps
1) Charging and heating modes:
1.1) detecting the temperature of the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is in a charging ultralow temperature area, the battery enters a stage 1.2); when the temperature of the battery is in a low-temperature charging area, the battery enters a stage 1.3); when the temperature of the battery is in a charging normal-temperature area, the battery enters a stage 1.4);
1.2) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the current input by a heating film, heating the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed the temperature F, entering the stage 1.3);
1.3) setting the current output by the BMS to be the sum of the input current of the heating film and the charging current of the battery, heating and charging the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed the temperature G, entering the stage 1.4);
1.4) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the charging current of the battery, and charging the battery;
2) discharge heating mode:
2.1) detecting the battery temperature and the battery SOC, and when the battery temperature is in a discharge ultralow temperature area and the battery SOC is in a sufficient state, the battery enters a stage 2.2); when the temperature of the battery is in a discharging ultra-low temperature area and the SOC of the battery is in an insufficient state, the battery enters a stage 2.3); when the temperature of the battery is in a low-temperature discharging area, the battery enters a 2.4) stage; when the temperature of the battery is in a discharging normal-temperature area, the battery enters a stage 2.5);
2.2) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the current input by the heating film, heating the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed H, entering the stage 2.4);
2.3) the BMS does not output current;
2.4) setting the current output by the BMS to be the sum of the input current of the heating film and the discharge current of the battery, heating and discharging the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed I, entering the stage 2.5);
2.5) the current output by the BMS is set to be only the battery discharge current, and the battery is discharged.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized in that in a charging heating mode, a charging ultralow temperature region is that A is not less than T and not more than B, a charging low temperature region is that B is not less than T and not more than C, and a charging normal temperature region is that T is more than C, wherein the temperature A ranges from-40 ℃ to-20 ℃, the temperature B ranges from-5 ℃ to 5 ℃, and the temperature C ranges from 7 ℃ to 17 ℃; the temperature F is 0.5 to 3 ℃ greater than the temperature B, and the temperature G is 0 to 10 ℃ greater than the temperature C.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized in that the temperature A is-30 ℃, the temperature B is 0 ℃, the range of the temperature C is 12 ℃, the temperature F is 1 ℃ higher than the temperature B, and the temperature G is 3 ℃ higher than the temperature C.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized in that in the charging and heating mode, when the battery enters the stage 1.4) after being heated, the BMS does not allow the battery to be subjected to secondary charging.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized in that in the charging heating mode 1.3), the battery charging current is continuously increased along with the increase of the battery temperature.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized in that in a discharge heating mode, a discharge ultralow temperature region is T-D, a discharge low temperature region is D-E, and a discharge normal temperature region is T-E, wherein the temperature D ranges from-20 ℃ to 0 ℃, and the temperature E ranges from 0 ℃ to 10 ℃; the critical point of the sufficient state and the insufficient state of the SOC of the battery is N, and the N is 10-40%.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized in that the temperature D is-10 ℃, the temperature E is 5 ℃, and the temperature N is 20%.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized in that in the discharge heating mode, the temperature H is larger than or equal to D, and the temperature I is larger than or equal to E.
The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift is characterized in that in the discharging heating mode 2.3), the BMS outputs the battery discharging current with the time length J firstly and then stops outputting the current, and the time length J is 10-300 seconds.
The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift is characterized in that in the discharging heating mode, when the battery enters a stage 2.5) after being heated, the BMS does not allow the battery to be charged secondarily.
The thermal management method for the forklift battery is characterized in that in the charging heating mode and/or the discharging heating mode, the BMS outputs heating film input current by closing the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay at intervals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention enables the battery to be used in a wider temperature range, and increases the temperature applicability;
2. the discharging pure heating function of the invention can ensure that the vehicle can not walk in the heating process of the battery, ensure the charging safety, avoid the damage of the battery core and prolong the service life of the battery;
3. the charging and heating function of the invention ensures the practicability of the charging temperature;
4. the vehicle heating system has the functions of heating while charging and heating while discharging, so that normal use of the vehicle is met, the temperature rise of the battery can be accelerated, and the temperature rise speed of the vehicle is increased;
5. the invention gives 60 seconds of delay time to the forklift in the stage of 2.3) of the discharge heating mode, so that the vehicle can move to the side of the charger for charging, and the rationality of the use habit of a user is ensured;
6. the invention does not allow secondary heating during charging and discharging, avoids the situation of over-discharge of the battery caused by repeated heating after the temperature is reduced, and increases the safety of the battery;
7. according to the invention, the two heating relays are spaced when being closed, so that only one relay is subjected to electrical impact when the relays are heated, and the second relay can be used if adhesion occurs, and the safety of the whole heating loop is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a charge heating mode of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of the discharge heating mode of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outside", "upper", "inside", "horizontal", "coaxial", "central", "end", "length", "outer end", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in the figure, the thermal management method for the battery of the forklift comprises the following steps
1) Charging and heating modes:
1.1) detecting the temperature of the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is in a charging ultralow temperature area, the battery enters a stage 1.2); when the temperature of the battery is in a low-temperature charging area, the battery enters a stage 1.3); when the temperature of the battery is in a charging normal-temperature area, the battery enters a stage 1.4);
1.2) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the current input by a heating film, heating the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed the temperature F, entering the stage 1.3);
1.3) setting the current output by the BMS as the sum of the input current of the heating film and the charging current of the battery, heating and charging the battery, wherein the charging current of the battery is continuously increased along with the rise of the temperature of the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed the temperature G, the battery enters a stage 1.4);
1.4) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the charging current of the battery, and charging the battery;
2) discharge heating mode:
2.1) detecting the battery temperature and the battery SOC, and when the battery temperature is in a discharge ultralow temperature area and the battery SOC is in a sufficient state, the battery enters a stage 2.2); when the temperature of the battery is in a discharging ultra-low temperature area and the SOC of the battery is in an insufficient state, the battery enters a stage 2.3); when the temperature of the battery is in a low-temperature discharging area, the battery enters a 2.4) stage; when the temperature of the battery is in a discharging normal-temperature area, the battery enters a stage 2.5);
2.2) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the current input by the heating film, heating the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed H, entering the stage 2.4);
2.3) the BMS does not output current;
2.4) setting the current output by the BMS to be the sum of the input current of the heating film and the discharge current of the battery, heating and discharging the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed I, entering the stage 2.5);
2.5) the current output by the BMS is set to be only the battery discharge current, and the battery is discharged.
In some embodiments, in the charging heating mode, the charging ultralow temperature region is A ≦ T ≦ B, the charging low temperature region is B < T ≦ C, and the charging normal temperature region is T > C, wherein the temperature A is in the range of-40 to-20 ℃, preferably-30 ℃, the temperature B is in the range of-5 to 5 ℃, preferably 0 ℃, and the temperature C is in the range of 7 to 17 ℃, preferably 12 ℃. The temperature F is 0.5 to 3 ℃ greater than the temperature B, the temperature F is preferably 1 ℃, the temperature G is 0 to 10 ℃ greater than the temperature C, and the temperature G is preferably 15 ℃.
In some embodiments, in the discharge heating mode, the discharge ultralow temperature region is T ≦ D, the discharge low temperature region is D < T ≦ E, and the discharge normal temperature region is T > E, wherein the temperature D ranges from-20 ℃ to 0 ℃, preferably from-10 ℃, and the temperature E ranges from 0 ℃ to 10 ℃, preferably 5 ℃; the critical point of the sufficient state and the insufficient state of the SOC of the battery is N, which is 10 to 40%, preferably 20%. The temperature H is more than or equal to D, the temperature H is preferably-10 ℃, the temperature I is more than or equal to E, and the temperature I is preferably 5 ℃.
In some embodiments, 2.3) of the discharging heating mode, the BMS outputs the battery discharging current for a time period J, which is 10 to 300 seconds, and then stops outputting the current, and the time period J is preferably 60 seconds.
In some embodiments, the BMS does not allow the battery to be secondarily charged when the stage 1.4) is entered after the battery is heated in the charging heating mode.
In some embodiments, the discharge heating mode, when the battery enters the 2.5) stage after being heated, the BMS does not allow the battery to be secondarily charged.
In some embodiments, the BMS outputs the heating film input current by closing the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay at intervals, preferably for 1 second, in the charging heating mode and the discharging heating mode.
Supplementary explanation of the invention:
charging and heating, namely, a battery is heated in a charging state, the battery can be charged no matter a forklift is in a starting state or a shutdown state, after the battery is started, the battery enters 2.1) of a charging and heating mode, a heating positive relay is closed firstly, a heating negative relay is closed after 1s, the current requested by a BMS is only the current output by a heating film, the BMS tells a charger to be in a pure heating mode through a reporting flag bit, the charger is ensured to output small enough current so as to meet the pure heating current, the pure heating current is generally different from 5 to 40A, and different heating film configurations can be realized according to the type of a battery pack. When the temperature of the battery rises to more than 1 ℃, the battery enters a charging heating mode, 2.2) the charging current of the battery is gradually increased, the request is made according to the sum of the fixed heating current and the allowable charging current, meanwhile, a pure heating mode mark reported by the BMS disappears, the normal output of a charger is ensured, when the temperature of the battery rises to 15 ℃, the charging heating is completed, the heating positive relay is firstly switched off, the heating negative relay is switched off after 1s, and the BMS normally enters the charging according to the request of the allowable charging current. If the temperature of the battery is reduced to be lower than 12 degrees or even lower than 0 degree in the charging process, secondary starting heating is not allowed, restarting or mode conversion is allowed, and the charging relay is in a closed state in the whole process, so that the charger can detect the voltage of the battery and output the voltage.
Discharging and heating, namely heating when the battery supplies power to the forklift, closing the discharging relay after electrification, wherein the temperature is less than minus 10 ℃, and under the condition that the SOC (battery available capacity/battery rated capacity) of the battery is more than 20%, closing the heating positive relay, then closing the heating negative relay, starting discharging and pure heating, and cutting off the discharging relay after 5s, so that the vehicle is not allowed to run. And if the SOC of the battery is less than 20%, reporting a heating state to be charged, reminding a user of charging and heating, cutting off the discharging relay after 60 seconds, allowing the vehicle to run for 60 seconds, and then cutting off the discharging relay. If the temperature is heated to be more than minus 10 ℃ and less than 5 ℃, the discharging relay is closed again, the whole vehicle can move and lift, and the heating positive relay and the heating negative relay are not disconnected at the same time, the electric heating is continued, when the temperature of the battery is increased to 10 ℃, the heating positive relay is cut off, then the heating negative relay is cut off, the heating process is finished, the vehicle can be normally used, and if the temperature is reduced to be less than 5 ℃, the heating relay is not closed, and the secondary heating is not allowed.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention enables the battery to be used in a wider temperature range, and increases the temperature applicability;
2. in the discharge heating mode, the threshold value of each stage is determined according to the temperature threshold value of the battery core, and the battery core is applied in a reasonable range, so that the applicability of the battery core is improved;
3. the discharging pure heating function of the invention can ensure that the vehicle can not walk in the heating process of the battery, ensure the charging safety, avoid the damage of the battery core and prolong the service life of the battery;
4. the charging and heating function of the invention ensures the practicability of the charging temperature;
5. the vehicle heating system has the functions of heating while charging and heating while discharging, so that normal use of the vehicle is met, the temperature rise of the battery can be accelerated, and the temperature rise speed of the vehicle is increased;
6. the invention gives 60 seconds of delay time to the forklift in the stage of 2.3) of the discharge heating mode, so that the vehicle can move to the side of the charger for charging, and the rationality of the use habit of a user is ensured;
7. the invention does not allow secondary heating during charging and discharging, avoids the situation of over-discharge of the battery caused by repeated heating after the temperature is reduced, and increases the safety of the battery;
8. according to the invention, the two heating relays are spaced when being closed, so that only one relay is subjected to electrical impact when the relays are heated, and the second relay can be used if adhesion occurs, and the safety of the whole heating loop is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A thermal management method for a forklift battery is characterized by comprising
1) Charging and heating modes:
1.1) detecting the temperature of the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is in a charging ultralow temperature area, the battery enters a stage 1.2); when the temperature of the battery is in a low-temperature charging area, the battery enters a stage 1.3); when the temperature of the battery is in a charging normal-temperature area, the battery enters a stage 1.4);
1.2) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the current input by a heating film, heating the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed the temperature F, entering the stage 1.3);
1.3) setting the current output by the BMS to be the sum of the input current of the heating film and the charging current of the battery, heating and charging the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed the temperature G, entering the stage 1.4);
1.4) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the charging current of the battery, and charging the battery;
2) discharge heating mode:
2.1) detecting the battery temperature and the battery SOC, and when the battery temperature is in a discharge ultralow temperature area and the battery SOC is in a sufficient state, the battery enters a stage 2.2); when the temperature of the battery is in a discharging ultra-low temperature area and the SOC of the battery is in an insufficient state, the battery enters a stage 2.3); when the temperature of the battery is in a low-temperature discharging area, the battery enters a 2.4) stage; when the temperature of the battery is in a discharging normal-temperature area, the battery enters a stage 2.5);
2.2) setting the current output by the BMS to be only the current input by the heating film, heating the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed H, entering the stage 2.4);
2.3) the BMS does not output current;
2.4) setting the current output by the BMS to be the sum of the input current of the heating film and the discharge current of the battery, heating and discharging the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is heated to exceed I, entering the stage 2.5);
2.5) the current output by the BMS is set to be only the battery discharge current, and the battery is discharged.
2. The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift truck according to claim 1, wherein in the charging heating mode, the charging ultralow temperature region is that A is not less than T not more than B, the charging low temperature region is that B is not less than T not more than C, and the charging normal temperature region is that T is more than C, wherein the temperature A is in the range of-40 to-20 ℃, the temperature B is in the range of-5 to 5 ℃, and the temperature C is in the range of 7 to 17 ℃; the temperature F is 0.5 to 3 ℃ greater than the temperature B, and the temperature G is 0 to 10 ℃ greater than the temperature C.
3. The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift truck according to claim 2, wherein the temperature A is-30 ℃, the temperature B is 0 ℃, the temperature C is in the range of 12 ℃, the temperature F is 1 ℃ higher than the temperature B, and the temperature G is 3 ℃ higher than the temperature C.
4. The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift truck as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the charging and heating mode, when the battery enters the stage 1.4) after being heated, the BMS does not allow the battery to be charged secondarily.
5. The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift truck according to claim 1, wherein in 1.3) of the charging and heating mode, the charging current of the battery is continuously increased along with the increase of the temperature of the battery.
6. The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift truck according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the discharging heating mode, the discharging ultralow temperature region is T ≦ D, the discharging low temperature region is D < T ≦ E, and the discharging normal temperature region is T > E, wherein the temperature D is in the range of-20 to 0 ℃, and the temperature E is in the range of 0 to 10 ℃; the critical point of the sufficient state and the insufficient state of the SOC of the battery is N, and the N is 10-40%.
7. The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift truck according to claim 6, wherein the temperature D is-10 ℃, the temperature E is 5 ℃, and the temperature N is 20%; in the discharge heating mode, the temperature H is more than or equal to D, and the temperature I is more than or equal to E.
8. The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift truck according to claim 7, wherein in the discharge heating mode 2.3), the BMS outputs the battery discharge current for a time period J, and then stops outputting the current, wherein the time period J is 10 to 300 seconds.
9. The thermal management method for the battery of the forklift truck according to claim 7, wherein in the discharging heating mode, when the battery enters the stage 2.5) after being heated, the BMS does not allow the battery to be charged secondarily.
10. The method for thermal management of the battery of the forklift truck according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the charging heating mode and/or the discharging heating mode, the BMS outputs a heating film input current by closing a heating positive relay and a heating negative relay at intervals.
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