CN111546628B - 用于使用格子支撑结构增材制造部件的方法 - Google Patents

用于使用格子支撑结构增材制造部件的方法 Download PDF

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CN111546628B
CN111546628B CN202010089646.7A CN202010089646A CN111546628B CN 111546628 B CN111546628 B CN 111546628B CN 202010089646 A CN202010089646 A CN 202010089646A CN 111546628 B CN111546628 B CN 111546628B
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CN111546628A (zh
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赖安·克里斯托弗·琼斯
胡郑隽
约翰·阿伦·曼特加
张学峰
厄尔·尼尔·邓纳姆
保罗·克里斯托弗·席林
约翰纳坦·田纳西·乌加特
贾斯汀·迈克尔·斯特克利
贾斯汀·亚当·马斯特斯
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General Electric Co
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Abstract

一种用于增材制造部件的方法，包括基于部件几何形状经由成像软件产生部件的支撑结构的多个切片。该方法还包括，根据多个切片经由增材制造系统将材料的层熔化或熔融到部件的构建平台，以便形成支撑结构。支撑结构包括格子构造，格子构造具有布置在一起以形成多个胞格的多个支撑构件。进一步，该方法包括，经由增材制造系统将部件本体熔化或熔融到支撑结构。在部件本体凝固之后，该方法包括，从部件本体去除所有的支撑结构，以形成部件。

Description

用于使用格子支撑结构增材制造部件的方法
技术领域
本公开大体涉及增材制造，更特别地，涉及用于使用格子支撑结构增材制造部件的方法。
背景技术
当使用诸如粉末床熔融(PBF)系统的增材制造系统来制备部件时，可以运用支撑结构，以将部件锚固于构建平台并且为了从部件散热提供热传导路线。作为示例，PBF系统包括直接金属激光熔化(DMLM)系统、电子束熔化(EBM)系统、选择性激光熔化(SLM)系统、定向金属激光烧结(DMLS)系统和选择性激光烧结(SLS)系统。这些PBF系统涉及到将能量束聚焦到粉末床上，以将连续的粉末层彼此熔化或烧结，以形成部件。粉末经历迅速的温度变动，这会在部件、支撑结构和/或构建平台中生成显著的残余应力。这些残余应力会导致部件和/或构建平台在冷却时翘曲，或者使部件从支撑结构脱离，或者使支撑结构从构建平台脱离，特别是当大的温度梯度存在于部件或支撑结构内时。
可以提供较大的支撑结构，以通过部件和支撑结构与/或支撑结构和构建平台之间的较大接触表面来供应增加的保持强度。然而，对于大的部件，较大的支撑结构可能将大量的热量传导到构建平台，使得构建平台可能在冷却时翘曲。此外，相对于较小的支撑结构，较大的支撑结构趋向于在后制造处理期间要求更多的时间和能量来去除。另一方面，较小的支撑结构具有较小的保持强度，可能增加部件从支撑结构脱离和/或支撑结构从构建平台脱离的可能性。当部件和/或构建平台翘曲或从支撑结构脱离时，部件可能与PBF系统的重涂覆器干涉，导致PBF系统故障和/或构建失败。
由此，存在对于使用格子支撑结构增材制造部件的改进方法的需要。
发明内容
各方面和优点将在以下描述中部分地阐述，或者，可以从描述中显而易见，或者可以通过实践当前公开主题来了解。
在一个方面，本公开针对一种用于增材制造部件的方法。该方法包括，基于部件几何形状经由三维(3D)成像软件产生部件的支撑结构的多个切片。该方法还包括，根据多个切片经由增材制造系统将材料的层熔化或熔融到部件的构建平台，以便形成支撑结构和部件本体。支撑结构包括格子构造，格子构造具有布置在一起以形成多个胞格的多个支撑构件。在支撑结构和部件本体凝固之后，该方法包括，从部件本体去除所有的支撑结构，以形成部件。
在另一方面，本公开针对一种用于增材制造部件的方法。该方法包括，经由增材制造系统在部件的构建平台上形成支撑结构和部件的部件本体。支撑结构包括格子构造，格子构造具有布置在一起以形成多个胞格的多个支撑构件。在支撑结构和部件本体凝固之后，该方法包括，经由化学蚀刻而将支撑结构与部件本体分离。
参考以下描述和所附权利要求书，将更好地理解这些及其他特征、方面和优点。并入并构成本说明书的一部分的附图图示示范性实施例，并同描述一起用来说明当前公开主题的某些原理。
附图说明
针对本领域普通技术人员，参考附图，在说明书中阐述包括其最佳模式的全面且能实现的公开，其中：
图1图示根据本公开的增材制造系统的一个实施例的横截面视图；
图2图示根据本公开的部件和支撑结构的一个实施例的横截面视图；
图3图示根据本公开的用于增材制造部件的方法的一个实施例的流程图；
图4A图示根据本公开的以格子构造布置的多个支撑构件的一个实施例的部分立体视图；
图4B图示根据本公开的一个支撑结构的一个实施例的横截面视图；
图4C图示根据本公开的以格子构造布置的多个支撑构件的另一实施例的部分立体视图；
图4D图示根据本公开的一个支撑结构中的另一实施例的横截面视图；
图4E图示根据本公开的具有格子构造的支撑结构的又一实施例的部分立体视图，格子构造包括布置在一起以形成多个胞格的多个支撑构件；以及
图5图示根据本公开的用于格子结构设计的基于多边形的成像方法的一个实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考当前公开主题的示范性实施例，其一个以上示例图示在附图中。每个示例通过说明的方式提供，不应当诠释为限制本公开。事实上，对于本领域技术人员而言，显然，在不偏离本公开的范围或精神的情况下，可以在本公开中进行各种修改和变型。比如，作为一个实施例的部分图示或描述的特征可以与另一实施例一起使用，以产生又一个实施例。因而，意在本公开覆盖落入所附权利要求书及其等同物的范围内的这些修改和变型。
应理解，术语“上游”和“下游”指代参照流体路线中的流体流动的相对方向。例如，“上游”指代流体从该处流动的方向，“下游”指代流体向该处流动的方向。还应理解，术语诸如“顶”、“底”、“向外”、“向内”等等是便利用语，不应诠释为限制性术语。文中使用的术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”可以互换地使用，以将一个部件与另一部件区分开，而不意在指明各个部件的位置或重要性。术语“一”和“一个”不标示数量限制，而是标示存在至少一个所引项目。
这里及通篇说明书和权利要求书中，范围限制被组合和互换，这些范围被识别并包括其中含有的所有子范围，除非上下文或语言另有指示。例如，文中公开的所有范围都包括端点，并且端点能够独立地彼此组合。
整个说明书和权利要求书文中使用的近似语言应用于修饰任何定量表示，该表示可以允准变化而不招致其所涉及的基本功能的变动。由此，术语或各术语诸如“约”，“近似”和“大致”所修饰的数值不限于指定的精确数值。在至少一些实例中，近似语言可以对应于用于测量数值的仪器的精确度、或者用于构筑或制造部件和/或系统的方法或机器的精确度。
现在参考附图，图1图示根据本公开的增材制造系统100的一个实施例的示意性示图。例如，增材制造系统100可以包括粉末层熔融(PBF)系统，诸如直接金属激光熔化(DMLM)系统、电子束熔化(EBM)系统、选择性激光熔化(SLM)系统、定向金属激光烧结(DMLS)系统或选择性激光烧结(SLS)系统。如此，增材制造系统100通过将连续的粉末材料层彼此熔化或熔融而以逐层的方式构建部件。图示的增材制造系统100包括粉末供应室102和构建室106，粉末供应室102含有粉末104的供应部，部件108可以在构建室106内以逐层的方式被增材制造。例如，在某些实施例中，部件108可以是用于燃气涡轮发动机的翼型分离器或热量交换器。在进一步的实施例中，部件108可以是能从增材制造技术中受益的任何合适部分。
粉末供应室102包括粉末活塞110，粉末活塞110在系统100操作期间升高粉末底板112。随着粉末底板112升高，迫使粉末104的一部分从粉末供应室102出来。诸如滚筒或刀片的重涂覆器114推动一些粉末104越过工作表面116到构建平台118上。重涂覆器114将粉末104的各薄层依序分布到构建平台118上。能量源120将诸如激光或电子束的能量束122引导到粉末104的薄层上，以熔化或熔融粉末104的连续层。一般利用DMLM、EBM或SLM系统，粉末104被完全熔化，而相应的层利用相应的能量束122的经过而被熔化或重新熔化。相反地，利用DMLS或SLS系统，粉末104的各层被烧结，使粉末104的颗粒彼此熔融，通常不到达粉末104的熔点。
扫描仪124控制射束的路径，以便仅熔化或熔融粉末104的层中将要变成部件108的一部分的那些部分。粉末104的第一层或一系列层一般被熔化或熔融到构建平台118，然后粉末104的连续层被彼此熔化或熔融，以增材制造部件108。熔化或熔合到构建平台118的粉末104的最先几层限定用于部件108的支撑结构126。随着粉末104的连续层被彼此熔化或熔融，构建活塞128逐渐降低构建平台118，以便为重涂覆器114分布粉末104的连续层腾出空间。粉末104的连续层可以被熔化或熔融到部件108，直到已制备出完整的部件108为止。
通常，支撑结构126提供粉末104的连续层可以被熔化或熔融到其上的表面，同时将被熔化或熔融的粉末的连续层保持就位，同时抵抗能量束122熔化或熔融粉末104的连续层时的迅速的温度变动导致的残余应力。支撑结构126还提供热传导路线，以消散由能量束122产生的热量。一般，支撑结构126可以以与部件108相同的方式制备。在一些实施例中，可以使用相同的粉末104制备支撑结构126和部件108。替代地，在一些实施例中，可以使用不同的粉末104用于支撑结构126和部件108。当形成支撑结构126时，能量束122一般与粉末104的最先几层一起熔化或烧结构建平台118的顶表面，以便将支撑结构126牢固地焊接(例如，熔化或熔融)到构建平台118。在已制备部件108之后，支撑结构126可以在后制造处理中从部件108去除。例如，如文中将进一步描述的，使用放电机器(EDM)(诸如线切割EDM)、化学蚀刻、抛光工具或任何其他合适的切割工具，部件108可以从支撑结构126手动地去除或者从支撑结构126切除。
现在参考图2，图示了根据本公开的部件108的一个实施例的横截面视图，支撑结构126将部件108固接到构建平台118。可以参考具有X轴、Y轴和Z轴的笛卡尔坐标系来定位部件108，其中X轴和Y轴限定大体与构建平台118平行的平面，Z轴限定部件108相对于构建平台118的升高量或高度。如所示出的，部件108包括部件本体200，支撑结构126包括多个支撑构件202，其中部件本体200和支撑部件202两者均已通过在PBF处理(诸如DMLM、EBM、SLM、DMLS或SLS)中熔化或烧结粉末104而形成。更具体地，如图2和图4E中示出的，支撑结构126具有格子构造，格子构造具有布置在一起以形成多个胞格206的多个支撑构件202。如此，支撑构件202可以被熔化或熔融到构建平台118，以便在支撑构件202和构建平台118之间提供牢固的连接。进一步，部件本体200可以被熔化或熔融到支撑构件202，以便在部件本体200和支撑构件202之间提供牢固的连接。
现在参考图3，图示了根据本公开的用于增材制造部件的方法的流程图300。大体上，文中将参考图1和图2的部件108和增材制造系统100来描述方法300。然而，应当理解到，可以利用具有任何其他合适构造的增材制造系统来实施公开的方法200。此外，尽管图3出于图示和论述的目的描绘以特定顺序执行的步骤，但是，文中论述的方法不限于任何特定顺序或布置。使用文中提供的公开内容，本领域技术人员将理解到，在不偏离本公开的范围的情况下，文中公开的方法的各种步骤可以以各种方式省略、重新布置、扩展和/或调适。
如在(302)示出的，方法300可以包括，基于部件几何形状而经由成像软件产生部件108的支撑结构126的多个切片。在某些实施例中，例如，成像软件可以包括基于多边形的建模软件。在这种实施例中，基于多边形的建模软件配置成提供改进的建模办法，该建模办法能够设计用于增材制造的非常复杂的零件，诸如文中描述的热量交换器和/或格子结构。更具体地，在特定实施例中，基于多边形的建模直接产生切片，以进送增材打印机，而不明确地生成中间3D几何形状。如此，基于多边形的建模比常规建模办法快多于20倍，并且具有打印复杂零件的改进能力。
更具体地，如图5中示出的，成像软件配置成由支撑结构126的格子构造206(诸如，图4A至图4E中图示的格子构造204)产生多个二维(2D)单元胞格切片。因而，支撑结构126的多个切片204可以包括关于支撑构件202的数目、直径和布置的信息。
仍参考图5，成像软件配置成在X方向和Y方向上复制2D单元胞格切片，以覆盖格子构造的填充区域。此外，如所示出的，然后，成像软件可以通过格子构造的边界(例如，通过每一层上的格子填充区域切片多边形限定的)来修整2D单元胞格切片。另外，如所示出的，成像软件组合修整过的2D单元胞格切片，以形成格子构造的最终切片(即，一系列层，每层含有诸多2D多边形)。在某些实施例中，可以开发有效的2D多边形布尔(修整、合并)算法，以利用结构的周期性并快速产生切片。进一步，基于多边形的建模方法仅需要将整个结构的一个或数个切片存储在内存中，因而，它可以处理大的格子结构。因而，成像软件可以直接将多个最终切片进送到增材制造系统，而不产生支撑结构的中间3D几何形状。如此，基于多边形的建模方法绕过明确3D几何形状创建，通过对部件切片多边形执行2D几何形状操作(例如，复制、图案、合并、修整等)而直接产生最终切片。
在切片完成之后，增材制造系统100然后可以开始打印处理。更具体地，在一些实施例中，增材制造处理可以包括粉末床熔融(PBF)。作为示例，增材制造处理系统可以包括直接金属激光熔化(DMLM)、电子束熔化(EBM)、选择性激光熔化(SLM)、定向金属激光烧结(DMLS)和/或选择性激光烧结(SLS)。如此，支撑结构126和/或部件本体200可以使用粉末104形成，诸如包括金属或金属合金、塑料、陶瓷和/或复合物的粉末104。作为示例，金属或金属合金粉末可以包括钨、铝、铬、铜、钴、钼、钽、钛、镍和钢及其组合，以及超级合金，诸如奥氏体镍铬基超级合金。
更具体地，参考回到图3，如在(304)示出的，方法300可以包括，根据多个切片，经由增材制造系统100将材料(诸如粉末104)的各层熔化或熔融到部件108的构建平台118，以便形成支撑结构126和部件本体200。如所提及的，如图2和图4E中示出的，支撑结构126可以具有格子构造，格子构造由布置在一起以形成多个胞格206的多个支撑构件202构筑而成。如此，应当理解，任何数目的支撑构件202可以包括在支撑结构126中。例如，如图4A至图4E中示出的，每个胞格204可以含有四个支撑构件202。替代地，每个胞格204可以含有任何合适数目的支撑构件202，包括多于四个支撑构件202和少于四个支撑构件202。由此，示出的支撑构件202的数目仅通过示例的方式提供，而不是限制性的。
此外，在一些实施例中，支撑构件202可以具有任何合适的形状，例如包括圆柱形状、圆锥形状、渐缩形状和/或其组合。如此，支撑构件202可以具有对应于任何多面体形状的横截面外形，包括圆形、半圆形、椭圆形、矩形、多面体或这些的组合。进一步，支撑构件202的接触部件本体200的部分可以具有比非接触部分细的横截面。此外，在某些实施例中，支撑构件202的直径可以是至少约1.5毫米(mm)。在进一步的实施例中，应当理解，支撑构件202可以具有任何合适的尺寸，包括小于和大于1.5mm的尺寸，诸如从约0.2mm到约1.25mm。
更具体地，在某些实施例中，如图4A和图4B中示出的，支撑构件202可以具有从一端到另一端的渐缩形状，即，最大直径在第一端208处，渐缩到在相对的第二端210处的最小直径。如图4C和图4D中示出的，支撑构件202可以具有渐缩形状，其中最大直径在支撑构件202的中心212处，渐缩到在第一端208和第二端210中的每一个处的相应最小直径。应当理解，图4A至图4E中示出的横截面通过示例的方式提供，而不是限制性的。应当理解，支撑结构126可以包括带有任何想要的横截面的支撑构件202。
另外，文中描述的胞格20可以包括诸多形状和/或大小。例如，在一个实施例中，多个胞格206的尺寸(如，其高度、宽度或长度)可以是至少约0.5mm。在进一步的实施例中，应当理解，胞格206可以具有任何合适的尺寸，包括小于和大于0.5mm的尺寸。由此，本公开的胞格206构造成提供用于在后制造处理期间清除未使用的粉末104的路径。此外，胞格206可以中断或隔离在增材制造处理期间由迅速的温度变动导致的支撑结构126中的残余应力。
在支撑结构126和部件本体200凝固之后，如在(306)示出的，方法300可以包括，从部件本体200去除所有的支撑结构126，以形成部件108。例如，在某些实例中，支撑构件202可以仅在多个节点处(即，支撑构件202的细端和部件本体200之间的交界处)接触部件本体200。在这种实施例中，方法300可以包括，通过简单地在多个节点处将支撑构件202的各端与部件本体200分离，而从部件本体200移除支撑结构126。
更具体地，如在(308)示出的，从部件本体200移除所有的支撑结构126可以包括，手动地将支撑构件202的接触部件本体200的部分与部件108分离。替代地，如在(310)示出的，从部件本体200移除所有的支撑结构126可以包括，经由化学蚀刻分离支撑构件202的接触部件本体200的部分。在这种实施例中，化学蚀刻可以用以从部件本体200侵蚀去掉支撑构件202。在进一步的实施例中，支撑构件202的接触端处的直径可以等于化学蚀刻目标的约1.5倍(诸如化学蚀刻目标的约2倍)，以便完全擦除/侵蚀支撑结构126。
在又一实施例中，如在(312)示出的，从部件本体200移除所有的支撑结构126可以包括，经由抛光工具(buffing tool)将支撑构件202的接触部件本体200的部分与部件本体200分离。在这种实施例中，方法300可以包括，在分离期间同时经由抛光工具抛光部件本体200的表面。
文中描述的各种部件108及其相应的支撑结构126可以根据本公开使用与PBF系统兼容的任何想要的材料来形成。示范性材料可以包括金属和金属合金，诸如包括钨、铝、铬、铜、钴、钼、钽、钛、镍、钢及其组合以及超级合金(诸如奥氏体镍铬基超级合金)的金属或金属合金粉末。进一步的示范性材料包括塑料、陶瓷和复合材料。
本发明的进一步方面通过以下条款的主题提供：
1.一种用于增材制造部件的方法，该方法包含：基于部件几何形状经由成像软件产生部件的支撑结构的多个切片；根据多个切片，经由增材制造系统将材料的层熔化或熔融到部件的构建平台，以便形成支撑结构和部件本体，支撑结构包含格子构造，格子构造具有布置在一起以形成多个胞格的多个支撑构件；以及，在支撑结构和部件本体凝固之后，从部件本体去除所有的支撑结构，以形成部件。
2.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，成像软件包含基于多边形的建模软件，并且支撑结构的多个切片包含关于支撑结构的多个支撑构件的数目、直径和布置的信息。
3.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，基于部件几何形状经由成像软件产生部件的支撑结构的多个切片进一步包含：产生支撑结构的格子构造的多个二维(2D)单元胞格切片；在X方向和Y方向上复制2D单元胞格切片，以覆盖格子构造的填充区域；通过格子构造的边界来修整2D单元胞格切片；组合修整过的2D单元胞格切片，以形成格子构造的最终切片；以及，直接将多个最终切片进送到增材制造系统，而不产生支撑结构的中间三维(3D)几何形状。
4.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个支撑构件的一端处的直径是至少约1.5毫米(mm)。
5.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个支撑构件中的一个以上包括圆柱形状、圆锥形状或渐缩形状中的至少一个。
6.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个胞格的尺寸是至少约0.5mm，尺寸包含高度、宽度或长度中的至少一个。
7.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个支撑构件的接触部件本体的部分包含比非接触部分细的横截面。
8.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个支撑构件仅在多个节点处接触部件本体，并且其中，从部件本体去除所有的支撑结构以形成部件进一步包含，在多个节点处将多个支撑构件与部件本体分离。
9.如任何在前条款所述的方法，进一步包含，经由化学蚀刻将多个支撑构件的接触部件本体的部分与部件本体分离。
10.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，从部件本体去除所有的支撑结构以形成部件进一步包含，经由化学蚀刻从部件本体侵蚀去掉多个支撑构件。
11.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个支撑构件的接触端处的直径等于化学蚀刻目标的约1.5倍。
12.如任何在前条款所述的方法，进一步包含，经由抛光工具将多个支撑构件的接触部件本体的部分与部件本体分离。
13.如任何在前条款所述的方法，进一步包含，在分离期间同时经由抛光工具抛光部件本体的表面。
14.一种用于增材制造部件的方法，该方法包含：经由增材制造系统，在部件的构建平台上形成支撑结构和部件的部件本体，支撑结构包含格子构造，格子构造具有布置在一起以形成多个胞格的多个支撑构件；以及，在支撑结构和部件本体凝固之后，经由化学蚀刻而将支撑结构与部件本体分离。
15.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个支撑构件的接触端处的直径等于化学蚀刻目标的约1.5倍。
16.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个支撑构件中的一个以上包括圆柱形状、圆锥形状或渐缩形状中的至少一个。
17.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，多个支撑构件的接触部件本体的部分包含比非接触部分细的横截面。
18.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，经由化学蚀刻而将多个支撑构件与部件本体分离进一步包含，经由化学蚀刻从部件本体侵蚀去掉多个支撑构件。
19.如任何在前条款所述的方法，进一步包含，使用粉末形成支撑结构和/或部件本体，粉末包含金属或金属合金、塑料、陶瓷和/或复合物。
20.如任何在前条款所述的方法，其中，增材制造系统包含粉末床熔融(PBF)系统。
该书面描述使用示范性实施例来描述当前公开主题，包括最佳模式，还使本领域技术人员能够实践这种主题，包括制作和使用任何装置或系统，并执行任何并入的方法。当前公开主题的专利权范围由权利要求书来限定，可以包括本领域技术人员容易想到的其他示例。这种其他示例意在包括于权利要求书的范围内，如果该示例包括与权利要求书的文字语言并无不同的结构元素的话，或者，如果该示例包括与权利要求书的文字语言无实质不同的等同结构元素的话。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于增材制造部件的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包含：
基于部件几何形状，经由成像软件产生所述部件的支撑结构的多个切片，其中所述产生进一步包括：
产生所述支撑结构的格子构造的多个二维单元胞格切片；
在X方向和Y方向上复制所述二维单元胞格切片，以覆盖所述格子构造的填充区域；
通过所述格子构造的边界来修整所述二维单元胞格切片；
组合修整过的所述二维单元胞格切片，以形成所述格子构造的最终切片；以及
直接将多个最终切片进送到所述增材制造系统，而不产生所述支撑结构的三维几何形状；
根据所述多个切片，经由增材制造系统将材料的层熔化或熔融到所述部件的构建平台，以便形成所述支撑结构和部件本体，所述支撑结构包含格子构造，所述格子构造具有布置在一起以形成多个胞格的多个支撑构件；以及
在所述支撑结构和所述部件本体凝固之后，从所述部件本体去除所有的所述支撑结构，以形成所述部件。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述成像软件包含基于多边形的建模软件，并且所述支撑结构的所述多个切片包含关于所述支撑结构的所述多个支撑构件的数目、直径和布置的信息。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述多个支撑构件的一端处的直径至少为1.5毫米。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述多个支撑构件中的一个以上包括圆柱形状、圆锥形状或渐缩形状中的至少一个。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述多个胞格的尺寸至少为0.5mm，所述尺寸包含高度、宽度或长度中的至少一个。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述多个支撑构件的接触所述部件本体的部分包含比非接触部分细的横截面。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述多个支撑构件仅在多个节点处接触所述部件本体，并且其中，从所述部件本体去除所有的所述支撑结构以形成所述部件进一步包含，在所述多个节点处将所述多个支撑构件与所述部件本体分离。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包含，经由化学蚀刻将所述多个支撑构件的接触所述部件本体的部分与所述部件本体分离。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，从所述部件本体去除所有的所述支撑结构以形成所述部件进一步包含，经由化学蚀刻从所述部件本体侵蚀去掉所述多个支撑构件。
10.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包含，经由抛光工具将所述多个支撑构件的接触所述部件本体的部分与所述部件本体分离。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包含，在分离期间同时经由所述抛光工具抛光所述部件本体的表面。
12.一种用于增材制造部件的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包含：
经由增材制造系统，在所述部件的构建平台上形成支撑结构和所述部件的部件本体，所述支撑结构包含格子构造，所述格子构造具有布置在一起以形成多个胞格的多个支撑构件；其中，所述形成进一步包括:
产生所述支撑结构的格子构造的多个二维单元胞格切片；
在X方向和Y方向上复制所述二维单元胞格切片，以覆盖所述格子构造的填充区域；
通过所述格子构造的边界来修整所述二维单元胞格切片；
组合修整过的所述二维单元胞格切片，以形成所述格子构造的最终切片；以及直接将多个最终切片进送到所述增材制造系统，而不产生所述支撑结构的三维几何形状；以及
在所述支撑结构和所述部件本体凝固之后，经由化学蚀刻而将所述支撑结构与所述部件本体分离。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述多个支撑构件中的一个以上包括圆柱形状、圆锥形状或渐缩形状中的至少一个。
14.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述多个支撑构件的接触所述部件本体的部分包含比非接触部分细的横截面。
15.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，经由化学蚀刻而将所述多个支撑构件与所述部件本体分离进一步包含，经由化学蚀刻从所述部件本体侵蚀去掉所述多个支撑构件。
16.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包含，使用粉末形成所述支撑结构和/或所述部件本体，所述粉末包含金属或金属合金、塑料、陶瓷和/或复合物。
17.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，所述增材制造系统包含粉末床熔融系统。
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