CN111537971A - Circuit and method for quickly compensating amplitude-phase characteristics of delay assembly - Google Patents
Circuit and method for quickly compensating amplitude-phase characteristics of delay assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN111537971A CN111537971A CN202010572392.4A CN202010572392A CN111537971A CN 111537971 A CN111537971 A CN 111537971A CN 202010572392 A CN202010572392 A CN 202010572392A CN 111537971 A CN111537971 A CN 111537971A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a universal and rapid compensation technology, which has the characteristics of high compensation speed, expandable functions, high compensation precision and low cost, is applied to the design of an active phased array radar radio frequency assembly, can greatly reduce the design difficulty and the development cost of a delay assembly, enables the assembly to have higher delay amplitude-phase precision and improves the radar performance index.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to a radio frequency delay compensation technology.
Background
In the phased array radar, a delay component is used for compensating aperture transit time generated during wide-angle scanning of the radar and giving consideration to receiving and transmitting gains of a front-face link. The in-band amplitude-phase characteristic of the delay component is a core index and has a crucial influence on the beam pointing accuracy of the radar array surface.
Along with the increasing aperture of the phased array radar, the number and the delay of the delay componentsThe number of time bits also increases. The delay step of the delay element is typically calculated at 1 λ and at the radar operating band center frequency f. The maximum delay corresponds to the number of bits of the delay element, e.g. a seven bit delay element having 27And in the delay states, the delay of 0-127 lambda can be realized, and 128 delay states are counted.
As the number of bits of the delay elements increases, the number of bits in the delayed state increases exponentially with the maximum delay amount. The amplitude-phase consistency of different delay assemblies and the in-band amplitude-phase characteristics of different delay state bits of the delay assemblies increasingly become a technical problem to be solved urgently.
The delay assembly designed by the pi-type resistance attenuation network does not consider the compensation of amplitude-phase precision during delay switching, does not have a phase compensation function, and cannot meet the amplitude-phase performance index of the future phased array radar.
The four-bit time delay component for amplitude and phase compensation by adopting the film resistor and phase modulation circuit has the amplitude and phase compensation function, but cannot self-adaptively compensate the phase and amplitude characteristics of different time delay states, the amplitude and phase consistency of different components cannot be ensured, the amplitude and phase compensation mode has high requirement on the circuit manufacturing process, the compensation mode needs to continuously cut the circuit and bond gold wires, and the requirements of fast cycle and low cost under the condition of mass production cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a circuit and a method for quickly compensating amplitude-phase characteristics of a delay assembly.
Setting the electrical wavelength to λ, the compensation circuit comprises: five-bit electronic control attenuator, six-bit electronic control phase shifter, 1 lambda/2 lambda/4 lambda delay chip, 8 lambda delayer, 16 lambda delayer, 32 lambda delayer, 64 lambda delayer, control drive circuit, receiving amplifier and transmitting amplifier.
The five-bit electronic control attenuator and the six-bit electronic control phase shifter are arranged on a radio frequency transmission main path and are hardware bases for amplitude and phase rapid compensation, when the components are in different delay states, radio frequency signals all pass through the electronic control attenuator and the electronic control phase shifter, and differences of in-band amplitude and phase characteristics are compensated through the electronic control attenuator and the electronic control phase shifter.
Acquiring amplitude-phase original data of a delay device in different delay states, acquiring current amplitude-phase data of an electric control phase shifter and an electric control attenuator, calculating amplitude-phase difference values of different delay states according to the original data and the current data, calculating compensation codes of the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter in different delay states by adopting a compensation algorithm, adjusting the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter to corresponding attenuation phase shift values by adopting a control driving circuit according to the compensation codes, continuously iterating the algorithm to enable the amplitude-phase compensation precision of a delay assembly to reach +/-0.2 dB and +/-5 degrees, acquiring the amplitude-phase value of the delay component in the amplitude-phase compensated state, and detecting a rapid amplitude-phase compensation result.
The attenuation steps of the five-position electric control attenuator are 0.25dB, 0.5dB, 1dB, 2dB and 4dB, the attenuation range is 0dB to 7.75dB, and 128 kinds of delay state amplitude data of 0 to 127 lambda and 32 kinds of attenuation state amplitude phase data of 0dB to 7.75dB are obtained through the five-position electric control attenuator by adopting an amplitude compensation algorithm.
Setting an amplitude compensation reference state according to 128 kinds of delay state amplitude data, calculating the difference of amplitude values, matching a proper attenuation value in an attenuation range according to an amplitude difference value to be compensated, converting the amplitude attenuation values corresponding to the 128 kinds of delay states into an attenuation code of the electric control attenuator, and controlling a driving circuit to control the electric control attenuator to be in different attenuation values in each delay state according to the attenuation code so as to match the amplitude characteristic of a corresponding delay device, so that the amplitude characteristic of 0-127 lambda meets an index range.
The phase shift stepping of the six-bit electronic control phase shifter is 5.625 degrees, 11.25 degrees, 22.5 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees, the phase shift range is 0-354.375 degrees, and 128 kinds of delay state phase data of 0-127 lambda and 64 kinds of phase shift state amplitude-phase data of 0-354.375 degrees are obtained through the six-bit electronic control phase shifter by adopting a phase compensation algorithm.
Inquiring attenuation codes corresponding to 128 delay states according to the phase data of 64 phase-shifting states to obtain phase change values delta phi additionally introduced when the electric control attenuator is in different attenuation values0～Δφ127Calculating phase data of 0-127 lambda delay state, and adding additionally introduced phaseChange value delta phi0～Δφ127Obtaining a new phase phi corresponding to 0-127 lambda0～φ127。
According to phi0～φ127The method comprises the steps of setting 128 kinds of delay state phase data, setting a phase compensation reference state, calculating phase value difference, matching a proper phase shifting value in a phase shifting range according to a phase difference value needing compensation, converting the phase compensation values corresponding to the 128 kinds of delay states into phase shifting codes of an electric control phase shifter, controlling a driving circuit to control the electric control phase shifter to be in different phase shifting values in each delay state according to the phase shifting codes so as to match the phase characteristics of a corresponding delay device, and enabling the phase characteristics of 0-127 lambda to meet an index range.
In a receiving state, a radio frequency signal sequentially passes through a 1 lambda/2 lambda/4 lambda delay chip, a receiving amplifier, a 32 lambda delay device, a 64 lambda delay device, a five-bit electronic control attenuator, a receiving amplifier, a six-bit electronic control phase shifter, an 8 lambda delay device and a 16 lambda delay device.
In a transmitting state, a radio frequency signal sequentially passes through a 16 lambda delayer, an 8 lambda delayer, a six-bit electric control phase shifter, a transmitting amplifier, a five-bit electric control attenuator, a 64 lambda delayer, a 32 lambda delayer, a transmitting amplifier and a 1 lambda/2 lambda/4 lambda delay chip.
The radio frequency switch and the amplifier in the control circuit are powered on by controlling the output signal of the driving circuit, the arrangement sequence of the electric components of the circuit mainly considers the level stability and the performance index stability of the radio frequency signal, such as phase nonlinearity, fluctuation in amplitude bands and the like, and ensures that the in-band amplitude-phase characteristics are in a compensation range.
Under the condition of mass production of the components, the reference state of amplitude-phase compensation is adjusted according to the statistical result, the customized compensation reference state is introduced into the compensation algorithm, the compensation code is recalculated, and if the compensation precision requirement is improved, a device with smaller attenuation stepping or phase-shift stepping is replaced, so that amplitude-phase compensation with higher precision is realized.
The invention can automatically and rapidly complete amplitude-phase compensation by a programming algorithm and a hardware device linkage compensation mode; the full delay state of the delay assembly is subjected to self-adaptive compensation, and each delay state bit corresponds to a unique compensation code word to perform amplitude-phase compensation, so that the compensation precision is higher, the amplitude compensation precision can reach +/-0.2 dB, and the phase compensation precision can reach +/-5 degrees; based on the electric control attenuator, the electric control phase shifter and the compensation algorithm, hardware devices are mature manufacturing processes, compared with the traditional method, the requirements on the manufacturing process of the microwave circuit are low, a circuit or a bonding gold wire does not need to be cut in the compensation process, a large amount of labor and material cost is saved, and the development period of the component is shortened; the compensation algorithm function can be generally used for amplitude-phase compensation of active phased array radar radio frequency components, including TR components, delay components and the like, the function expansion is carried out according to application requirements, and the design method meets the technical development trend of future radar intelligent design and array surface automatic compensation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram, fig. 2 is a radio frequency link diagram, fig. 3 is an attenuator schematic diagram, and fig. 4 is a phase shifter schematic diagram.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically explained in the following by combining the attached drawings.
The compensation principle is as shown in fig. 1, the amplitude and phase original data of the delay device in different delay states are collected, the current amplitude and phase data of the electric control phase shifter and the electric control attenuator are collected, the amplitude and phase difference values of different delay states are calculated according to the original data and the current data, the compensation codes of the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter in different delay states are calculated by adopting a compensation algorithm, the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter are adjusted to corresponding attenuation phase shift values by adopting a control driving circuit according to the compensation codes, the amplitude and phase compensation precision of the delay assembly is improved by continuously iterating the algorithm, the amplitude and phase value of the delay state after amplitude and phase compensation is collected, and the rapid amplitude and phase compensation result is detected.
After the initial state test of the delay assembly, 128 kinds of delay state amplitude data of 0-127 lambda and 32 kinds of attenuation state amplitude data of 0 dB-7.75 dB can be obtained, a proper amplitude compensation reference state is set according to 128 kinds of delay state amplitude data of 0-127 lambda, the difference between the amplitude values of 1 lambda-127 lambda and 0 lambda is calculated assuming that the amplitude compensation reference state is 0 lambda, a proper attenuation value is matched in the attenuation range of the electric control attenuator from 0dB to 7.75dB according to the amplitude difference value to be compensated, the amplitude attenuation values corresponding to the 128 kinds of delay states of 0-127 lambda are converted into the attenuation codes of the electric control attenuator, the control circuit controls the electric control attenuator to be in different attenuation values to match the amplitude characteristics of corresponding delay state bits according to the attenuation codes in each delay state, and the amplitude characteristics of 0-127 lambda can be ensured to meet the index range.
After the initial state test of the delay assembly, 128 kinds of delay state phase data of 0-127 lambda and 64 kinds of phase shift state phase data of 0-354.375 DEG can be obtained, attenuation codes corresponding to 128 kinds of delay states of 0-127 lambda are inquired, and additionally introduced phase change values delta phi when the electric control attenuator is in different attenuation values are obtained0～Δφ127Calculating phase data of 0-127 lambda delay state, and adding additionally introduced phase change value delta phi0～Δφ127Obtaining new phi corresponding to 0-127 lambda0～φ127According to phi0～φ127128 kinds of delay phase data are set, and a proper phase compensation reference state is set, and a phase compensation reference state bit phi is assumed0Calculating phi0～φ127Phi and phi0The phase value difference is matched with a proper phase shift value in the phase shift range of 0-354.375 degrees according to the phase difference value to be compensated, and phi is converted into phi0～φ127The phase compensation values corresponding to 128 delay states are converted into phase shift codes of the electric control phase shifter, the control circuit controls the electric control phase shifter to be in different phase shift values according to the phase shift codes in each delay state so as to match the phase characteristics of corresponding delay state bits, and the phase characteristics of 0-127 lambda can be guaranteed to meet the index range.
As shown in fig. 2, when the delay component is in a receiving state, the radio frequency signal sequentially passes through the 1 λ/2 λ/4 λ delay chip, the receiving amplifier, the 32 λ state bit, the 64 λ state bit, the five-bit electrically controlled attenuator, the receiving amplifier, the six-bit electrically controlled phase shifter, the 8 λ state bit, and the 16 λ state bit; when the delay assembly is in a transmitting state, a radio frequency signal sequentially passes through a 16 lambda state bit, an 8 lambda state bit, a six-bit electric control phase shifter, a transmitting amplifier, a five-bit electric control attenuator, a 64 lambda state bit, a 32 lambda state bit, the transmitting amplifier and a 1 lambda/2 lambda/4 lambda delay chip; the power-up of a radio frequency switch and an amplifier in a radio frequency link is controlled by the output signal of a control circuit, the arrangement sequence of all the electric elements mainly considers the level of a radio frequency signal to be kept stable, and the stability of all performance indexes of the signal, such as phase nonlinearity, fluctuation in an amplitude band and the like, is facilitated, and the characteristic of the in-band amplitude phase is ensured to be in a compensation range.
The structure of the electric control attenuator is shown in fig. 3, the structure of the electric control phase shifter is shown in fig. 4, the electric control phase shifter is placed in a radio frequency transmission main path and is a hardware basis for amplitude-phase fast compensation, when components are in different delay state positions, radio frequency signals all pass through the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter, and differences of in-band amplitude-phase characteristics can be compensated through controlling the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter; the attenuation of the electric control attenuator is stepped by 0.25dB, 0.5dB, 1dB, 2dB and 4dB, the attenuation range is 0dB to 7.75dB, and the amplitude-phase data of 32 attenuation states in total can be obtained by testing the initial state; the electric control phase shifter is used for stepping the phase shift by 5.625 degrees, 11.25 degrees, 22.5 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees, the phase shift range is 0-354.375 degrees, and the amplitude-phase data of 64 phase shift states in total can be obtained by testing the initial state.
The above-described embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A kind of time delay assembly amplitude-phase characteristic fast compensation circuit, presume the electric wavelength as lambda, characterized by that, comprising: the system comprises a five-position electric control attenuator, a six-position electric control phase shifter, a 1 lambda/2 lambda/4 lambda delay chip, an 8 lambda delayer, a 16 lambda delayer, a 32 lambda delayer, a 64 lambda delayer, a control drive circuit, a receiving amplifier and a transmitting amplifier; the five-bit electronic control attenuator and the six-bit electronic control phase shifter are connected to a radio frequency transmission main circuit and used as core devices for amplitude-phase rapid compensation, the circuit is in different delay states, radio frequency signals all pass through the electronic control attenuator and the electronic control phase shifter, and differences of in-band amplitude-phase characteristics are compensated through the electronic control attenuator and the electronic control phase shifter.
2. The circuit for rapidly compensating the amplitude-phase characteristic of the time delay assembly according to claim 1, wherein the attenuation steps of the five-position electrically controlled attenuator are 0.25dB, 0.5dB, 1dB, 2dB and 4dB, and the attenuation range is 0dB to 7.75 dB; the phase shift of the six-position electric control phase shifter is stepped by 5.625 degrees, 11.25 degrees, 22.5 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees, and the phase shift range is 0-354.375 degrees.
3. The circuit for rapidly compensating amplitude-phase characteristics of a delay assembly according to claim 1, wherein the radio frequency transmission main circuit comprises: when in a receiving state, a radio frequency signal sequentially passes through a 1 lambda/2 lambda/4 lambda delay chip, a receiving amplifier, a 32 lambda delay device, a 64 lambda delay device, a five-bit electronic control attenuator, a receiving amplifier, a six-bit electronic control phase shifter, an 8 lambda delay device and a 16 lambda delay device; in a transmitting state, a radio frequency signal sequentially passes through a 16 lambda delayer, an 8 lambda delayer, a six-bit electric control phase shifter, a transmitting amplifier, a five-bit electric control attenuator, a 64 lambda delayer, a 32 lambda delayer, a transmitting amplifier and a 1 lambda/2 lambda/4 lambda delay chip.
4. The circuit for rapidly compensating amplitude-phase characteristics of a delay assembly according to claim 1, wherein the control driving circuit comprises: acquiring amplitude-phase original data of the delay device in different delay states, acquiring current amplitude-phase data of the electric control phase shifter and the electric control attenuator, calculating amplitude-phase difference values of different delay states according to the original data and the current data, calculating compensation codes of the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter in different delay states by adopting a compensation algorithm, and adjusting the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter to corresponding attenuation phase shift values.
5. A method for quickly compensating amplitude-phase characteristics of a delay assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of collecting amplitude-phase original data of a delay device in different delay states, collecting current amplitude-phase data of an electric control phase shifter and an electric control attenuator, calculating amplitude-phase difference values of different delay states according to the original data and the current data, calculating compensation codes of the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter in different delay states by adopting a compensation algorithm, adjusting the electric control attenuator and the electric control phase shifter to corresponding attenuation phase shift values by adopting a control driving circuit according to the compensation codes, continuously iterating the algorithm to improve amplitude-phase compensation precision of a delay assembly, collecting amplitude-phase values of the delay state after amplitude-phase compensation, and detecting a rapid amplitude-phase compensation result.
6. The method for rapidly compensating the amplitude-phase characteristic of the delay assembly according to claim 5, wherein the applying of the compensation algorithm comprises: through a five-bit electric control attenuator, amplitude compensation algorithm is adopted to obtain 128 kinds of delay state amplitude data of 0-127 lambda and 32 kinds of attenuation state amplitude-phase data of 0 dB-7.75 dB; through a six-bit electric control phase shifter, 128 kinds of delay state phase data of 0-127 lambda and 64 kinds of phase-shift state amplitude-phase data of 0-354.375 DEG are obtained by adopting a phase compensation algorithm.
7. The method for rapidly compensating the amplitude-phase characteristic of the delay assembly according to claim 6, wherein the applying of the amplitude compensation algorithm comprises: setting an amplitude compensation reference state according to 128 kinds of delay state amplitude data, calculating the difference of amplitude values, matching a proper attenuation value in an attenuation range according to an amplitude difference value to be compensated, converting the amplitude attenuation values corresponding to the 128 kinds of delay states into an attenuation code of the electric control attenuator, and controlling a driving circuit to control the electric control attenuator to be in different attenuation values in each delay state according to the attenuation code so as to match the amplitude characteristic of a corresponding delay device, so that the amplitude characteristic of 0-127 lambda meets an index range.
8. The method for rapidly compensating the amplitude-phase characteristics of the delay assembly according to claim 6, wherein the applying of the phase compensation algorithm comprises: inquiring attenuation codes corresponding to 128 delay states according to the phase data of 64 phase-shifting states to obtain phase change values delta phi additionally introduced when the electric control attenuator is in different attenuation values0～Δφ127Calculating phase data of 0-127 lambda delay state, and adding additionally introduced phase change value delta phi0～Δφ127Obtaining a new phase phi corresponding to 0-127 lambda0～φ127(ii) a According to phi0～φ127128 delay state phase data are set, and a phase compensation reference is setAnd the phase compensation values corresponding to 128 delay states are converted into phase shift codes of the electric control phase shifter, and the driving circuit is controlled to control the electric control phase shifter to be in different phase shift values in each delay state according to the phase shift codes so as to match the phase characteristics of the corresponding delayers and enable the phase characteristics of 0-127 lambda to meet the index range.
9. The method for rapidly compensating the amplitude-phase characteristic of the delay assembly according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the reference state comprises: under the condition of mass production of the components, the reference state of amplitude-phase compensation is adjusted according to the statistical result, the customized compensation reference state is introduced into the compensation algorithm, the compensation code is recalculated, and if the compensation precision requirement is improved, a device with smaller attenuation stepping or phase-shift stepping is replaced, so that amplitude-phase compensation with higher precision is realized.
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