CN111537678B - Attached algae separation sampling device, attached algae content calculation system and method - Google Patents
Attached algae separation sampling device, attached algae content calculation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111537678B CN111537678B CN202010427974.3A CN202010427974A CN111537678B CN 111537678 B CN111537678 B CN 111537678B CN 202010427974 A CN202010427974 A CN 202010427974A CN 111537678 B CN111537678 B CN 111537678B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
Abstract
The invention discloses an attached algae separation sampling device, an attached algae content calculation system and a method, wherein the sampling device comprises a sampling groove and an ultrasonic generator, and the sampling groove is used for placing an attached substrate and distilled water; the ultrasonic generator is used for automatically sending ultrasonic waves to the sampling tank, separating attached algae from an attached substrate by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and entering distilled water to form algae liquid. According to the attached algae separation sampling device provided by the invention, the attached matrixes and distilled water are placed in the sampling groove, the ultrasonic generator automatically transmits ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, and the attached algae is eluted from the attached matrixes into the distilled water by utilizing the cleaning principle of the ultrasonic waves, so that the attached algae and the attached matrixes are thoroughly separated, the separation rate is high, and the sampling efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the problem that the traditional sampling method is easy to pollute each other due to the fact that a brush is directly contacted with an adhesion matrix is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental monitoring equipment, and particularly relates to an attached algae separation sampling device, an attached algae content calculation system and an attached algae content calculation method.
Background
Since the industrial revolution, human activities have discharged a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus into surface waters, resulting in eutrophication of lakes. Under the condition of eutrophication, the submerged plants in lakes are largely eliminated, floating algae are overgrown and blue algae bloom is exploded, which becomes a global important ecological disaster. Research shows that the excessive proliferation of attached algae under the eutrophication condition is an important mechanism for massive extinction of submerged plants. The relationship between the attached algae and the submerged plants is quite complex: under the condition of poor nutrition, the two are mutually promoted, the attached algae buffers the negative influence of the bad external environment on the submerged plant, and the submerged plant provides nutrition for the attached algae; under the eutrophication condition, algae are attached to cover the leaves of the submerged plants to form a shading effect and inhibit photosynthesis of the submerged plants.
Attached algae sampling is the basis for assessing its interaction with submerged plants. At present, the attached algae sampling is usually carried out manually, and the attached algae is separated from submerged plant leaves or other attached matrixes, which comprises two methods of soft brush sampling and shaking sampling. The existing sampling method has the problems of low sampling efficiency, incomplete separation, easy mutual pollution among different samples and the like, so that the research error of interaction between attached algae and submerged plants is larger, the comparability among different researches is insufficient, and the development of a uniform, efficient and accurate attached algae sampling method is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims at providing an attached algae separating and sampling device which can thoroughly separate attached algae from submerged plant leaves or other attached matrixes and has high sampling efficiency.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, there is provided an attached algae separation sampling device comprising a sampling tank for placing an attached substrate and distilled water, and an ultrasonic generator; the ultrasonic generator is used for automatically sending ultrasonic waves to the sampling tank, separating attached algae from an attached substrate by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and entering distilled water to form algae liquid.
The attached algae separation sampling device provided by the invention further comprises a distilled water bucket and a small water pump, wherein the distilled water bucket is communicated with the sampling groove through a first water pipe, and the small water pump is used for pumping distilled water in the distilled water bucket into the sampling groove. The automatic water injection function is realized through the distilled water bucket and the small water pump, and the injection quantity and the water injection time can be controlled through the small water pump.
The attached algae separation sampling device provided by the invention further comprises a sampling bottle and a vacuum air pump, wherein the sampling bottle is communicated with the sampling groove through a second water pipe and is used for storing sampled algae liquid, and the vacuum air pump is communicated with the sampling bottle through an air extracting pipe and is used for generating a low pressure condition in the sampling bottle through vacuumizing, so that the separated algae liquid is extracted into the sampling bottle.
The algae liquid sampled by the sampling tank can be stored by the sampling bottle and the vacuum air pump, so that the algae liquid is convenient to store; the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing to cause a low pressure condition in the sampling bottle, so that the algae liquid in the sampling tank is automatically pumped into the sampling bottle, and the sampling efficiency is further improved.
A second object of the present invention herein is to provide an attached algae content calculation system, the system comprising:
the sampling device is used for separating the attached algae from the attached substrate to form algae liquid;
the scanning device is used for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture and automatically calculating the area of the attached substrate;
the data calculation terminal is used for accessing the pictures and the areas of the attached matrixes scanned by the scanning device and calculating the content of the attached algae according to the water consumption of the sampling process of the sampling device, the concentration of the algae liquid obtained by the sampling device and the areas of the attached matrixes;
the sampling device is any attached algae separation sampling device provided by the invention.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating the content of attached algae based on the attached algae content calculating system provided by the present invention, wherein the method comprises the steps of tiling an attached substrate to be sampled in a sampling tank of a sampling device; injecting a certain amount of distilled water into the sampling tank, and recording the total volume V of the injected distilled water; the attached algae samples, and simultaneously, the scanning device automatically scans the attached matrixes to generate pictures, and the area S of the attached matrixes is calculated; each time distilled water is injected, ultrasonic waves are sent to a sampling tank according to the set sampling time, attached algae are separated from an attached substrate by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and distilled water is entered into the tank to form algae liquid; the concentration of the attached algae in the algae liquid is C, and the content of the attached algae on the attached substrate is calculated by the following formula:
H＝V×C/S (1)
wherein H is the content of algae attached to the attached substrate, and the unit is: mg/cm 2 V is the total injected distilled water volume in units of: l and C are attached algae concentrations in the algae liquid, and the units are: mg/L, S is an adhesion matrixThe area is as follows: cm 2 。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the attached algae separation sampling device provided by the invention, the attached matrixes and distilled water are placed in the sampling groove, the ultrasonic generator automatically transmits ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, and the attached algae is eluted from the attached matrixes into the distilled water by utilizing the cleaning principle of the ultrasonic waves, so that the attached algae and the attached matrixes are thoroughly separated, the separation rate is high, and the sampling efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the problem that the traditional sampling method is easy to pollute each other due to the fact that a brush is directly contacted with an adhesion matrix is solved.
The calculation system provided by the invention not only realizes automatic separation and sampling of the attached algae and the attached matrix, but also realizes automatic calculation of the attached algae content.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of an attached algae separation sampling device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sampling system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water inlet system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a suction filtration system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the attached algae content calculation system provided by the invention;
in the accompanying drawings: the device comprises a 1-sampling system, a 2-water inlet system, a 3-suction filtration system, a 4-sampling device, a 5-scanning device, a 6-data calculation terminal, a 7-data line, a 11-sampling groove, a 12-ultrasonic generator, a 13-water inlet, a 14-water outlet, a 15-white cover plate, a 16-data interface, a 21-distilled water bucket, a 22-small water suction pump, a 23-first water pipe, a 31-vacuum suction pump, a 32-suction pipe, a 33-second water pipe and a 34-sampling bottle.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the size of some of the elements may be exaggerated or otherwise distorted for clarity. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the disclosed aspects may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, methods, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, the attached algae separation sampling apparatus provided herein includes the following functional components:
a sampling system 1 for separating the attached algae from the attached substrate. As shown in fig. 2, the sampling system 1 includes a sampling tank 11, an ultrasonic generator 12, a water inlet 13, and a water outlet 14. The sampling groove 11 is a water groove with scales, so that the quantification is convenient; the sampling tank 11 is a place where algae are attached for sampling, and is used for placing attachment matrixes such as submerged plant leaves and distilled water; the bottom of the sampling groove 11 is transparent, the sides around are not transparent, and the top of the sampling groove 11 is provided with a white cover plate 15 which can completely cover the sampling notch. The ultrasonic generator 12 is located around the sampling tank 11, and is configured to automatically transmit ultrasonic waves to the sampling tank 11, and elute attached algae from the attached substrate into distilled water by using a cleaning principle of ultrasonic waves, thereby realizing separation of the attached algae. The water inlet 13 is positioned on the side surface of the sampling groove 11 and is connected with the water inlet system 2; the water outlet 14 is positioned on the side surface of the sampling groove 11 opposite to the water inlet 13 and is connected with the suction filtration system 3.
The water inlet system 2 comprises a distilled water bucket 21 and a small water pump 22. As shown in fig. 3, the distilled water in the distilled water bucket 21 is pumped into the sampling tank 11 of the sampling system by a small-sized water pump 22 by connecting the distilled water bucket 21 with the water inlet 13 of the sampling system by a first water pipe 23, so that the distilled water is automatically supplied to the apparatus.
The suction filtration system 3 comprises a vacuum suction pump 31, a suction pipe 32 and a sampling bottle 34. As shown in fig. 4, the sampling bottle 34 is connected to the water outlet 14 of the sampling system through the second water pipe 33, the air extracting pipe 32 is connected to the sampling bottle 34 and the vacuum air extracting pump 31, and the vacuum air extracting pump 31 is used for causing a low pressure condition in the sampling bottle 34, so that the algae liquid in the sampling tank 11 is filtered out of the sampling tank 11 and is collected in the special sampling bottle 34.
The workflow of the attached algae separation sampling device is as follows: 1. spreading an attached substrate to be sampled in a sampling groove; 2. according to the set liquid inlet amount, a water inlet system automatically injects a certain amount of distilled water into the sampling tank for three times; 3. each time distilled water is injected, ultrasonic waves are sent to a sampling tank according to the set sampling time, attached algae are separated from an attached substrate by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and distilled water is entered into the tank to form algae liquid; 4. after the distilled water is injected each time and the attached algae are separated, a suction filtration system is started, the algae liquid is filtered out of a sampling groove in a suction way, and the algae liquid is collected into a special sampling bottle to finish separation sampling.
Here, a filter membrane can be arranged at the bottleneck of the sampling bottle 34 in the suction filtration system 3 according to the situation, so as to separate the attached algae in the algae liquid from the algae liquid; the attached algae may be immobilized to the filter membrane by the filter membrane, and the suction filtrate after suction filtration, which is free of attached algae, is collected in a dedicated sampling bottle 34. Of course, no filter membrane may be provided.
The attached algae separation sampling device provided herein can be independently applied to separation sampling of attached algae to realize automatic sampling separation of attached algae, and can also form an attached algae content calculation system with other devices, as shown in fig. 5, and the attached algae content calculation system provided herein comprises:
a sampling device 4 for separating the attached algae from the attached substrate to form an algae liquid;
scanning means 5 for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture and automatically calculating an attached substrate area S;
the data calculation terminal 6 is used for accessing the attached substrate picture and the area S scanned by the scanning device 5, and calculating the content of attached algae according to the water consumption V of the sampling process of the sampling device 4, the algae liquid concentration C obtained by the sampling device 4 and the attached substrate area S;
wherein the sampling device 4 is an attached algae separation sampling device provided herein.
The scanning device 5 is located at the bottom of the sampling slot 11, and is used for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture, and automatically calculating the attached substrate area S by using a program, a data interface 16 in communication connection with the scanning device 5 is arranged on the sampling slot 11, and the attached substrate picture and the attached substrate area S generated by the scanning device 5 are exported to the data calculation terminal 6 for storage through the data interface 16 and the data line 7.
The workflow of the attached algae content calculation system provided herein is: 1. spreading an attached substrate to be sampled in a sampling groove; 2. according to the set liquid inlet amount, a certain amount of distilled water is automatically injected into the sampling tank in three times by a water inlet system, and the total volume of the injected distilled water is V;3. the algae is attached, the attached substrate is automatically scanned by a scanning device, the area S of the attached substrate is calculated, and the scanned picture and the calculation result are automatically stored on a data calculation terminal through a data line; 4. each time distilled water is injected, ultrasonic waves are sent to a sampling tank according to the set sampling time, attached algae are separated from an attached substrate by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and distilled water is entered into the tank to form algae liquid; 5. after the distilled water is injected each time and the separation of the attached algae is completed, a suction filtration system is started, the algae liquid is filtered out of a sampling groove in a suction way and is collected into a special sampling bottle, and the concentration of the attached algae in the algae liquid is C;6. the data calculation terminal calculates the content of the attached algae according to the total volume of distilled water of V, the attached algae concentration C and the attached substrate area S, and the calculation formula of the attached algae content is as follows:H=V×C/S, where H is the substrate-attached algae content (mg/cm) 2 ) V is total injected distilled water volume (L), C is attached algae concentration (mg/L) in algae liquid, S is attached matrix area (cm) 2 )。
The present disclosure has been described with respect to the above-described embodiments, however, the above-described embodiments are merely examples of implementation of the present disclosure. It must be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Rather, the foregoing is considered to be illustrative, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific details disclosed herein.
Claims (3)
1. A method for calculating the content of attached algae is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Sampling the algae liquid, and sampling the attached substrate by using a sampling device to obtain the algae liquid; the sampling device comprises a sampling groove and an ultrasonic generator, wherein a white cover plate is arranged at the top of the sampling groove, and the sampling groove is used for placing an adhesion matrix and distilled water; the ultrasonic generator is positioned at the periphery of the sampling groove and is used for automatically sending ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, attached algae are separated from an attached substrate by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and distilled water is introduced into the ultrasonic generator to form algae liquid so as to solve the problem that different samples are easy to pollute each other due to brush sampling; the sampling device also comprises a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water inlet is positioned on the side surface of the sampling groove and is connected with the distilled water bucket through a first water pipe; the water outlet is positioned in the sampling groove and at the other side surface opposite to the water inlet, and is connected with the sampling bottle through a second water pipe;
the sampling device further comprises a distilled water bucket and a small water pump, wherein the distilled water bucket is communicated with the sampling groove through a first water pipe, and the small water pump is used for pumping distilled water in the distilled water bucket into the sampling groove;
the bottom of the sampling groove is provided with a scanning device for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture, and the area S of the attached substrate is automatically calculated by utilizing a program, the sampling groove is provided with a data interface in communication connection with the scanning device, and the picture of the attached substrate and the area S of the attached substrate generated by the scanning device are exported to a data calculation terminal for storage through the data interface and a data line;
the sampling device also comprises a sampling bottle and a vacuum air pump, wherein the sampling bottle is communicated with the sampling groove through a second water pipe and is used for storing sampled algae liquid; the vacuum air pump is communicated with the sampling bottle through an air extracting pipe, and a low pressure condition is caused in the sampling bottle through vacuumizing, so that algae liquid formed after sampling is extracted into the sampling bottle;
2) The calculation of the content of algae attached to the attached substrate comprises the following steps:
acquiring the concentration of attached algae in the algae liquid;
acquiring an adhesion matrix area;
obtaining the volume of distilled water used for forming algae liquid;
the content of algae attached to the attached substrate was calculated by the following formula:
H＝V×C/S(1)
wherein H is the content of algae attached to the attaching matrix, and the unit is: mg/cm 2 V is the total injected distilled water volume in units of: l and C are attached algae concentrations in the algae liquid, and the units are: mg/L, S is the area of the attached substrate, in units of: cm 2 。
2. The method for calculating the content of adhering algae according to claim 1, wherein: and a filter membrane is arranged at the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle and used for separating attached algae in the algae liquid from the algae liquid.
3. An attached algae content calculation system, the system comprising:
the sampling device is used for separating the attached algae from the attached substrate to form algae liquid;
the scanning device is used for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture and automatically calculating the area of the attached substrate;
the data computing terminal is used for accessing the image and the area of the attached substrate scanned by the scanning device and according to the acquisition
The water consumption of the sampling process of the sampling device, the concentration of the algae liquid obtained by the sampling device and the area of the attached substrate calculate the content of attached algae, and the content of attached algae on the attached substrate is calculated by the following formula:
H＝V×C/S(1)
wherein H is the content of algae attached to the attaching matrix, and the unit is: mg/cm 2 V is the total injected distilled water volume in units of: l and C are attached algae concentrations in the algae liquid, and the units are: mg/L, S is the area of the attached substrate, in units of: cm 2 ；
The sampling device comprises a sampling groove and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the sampling groove is used for placing an adhesion matrix and distilled water, and a white cover plate is arranged at the top of the sampling groove; the ultrasonic generator is positioned at the periphery of the sampling groove and is used for automatically sending ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, and the attached algae are separated from the attached substrate by utilizing the ultrasonic cleaning principle and enter distilled water to form algae liquid;
the sampling device also comprises a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water inlet is positioned on the side surface of the sampling groove and is connected with the distilled water bucket through a first water pipe; the water outlet is positioned in the sampling groove and at the other side surface opposite to the water inlet, and is connected with the sampling bottle through a second water pipe;
the sampling device further comprises a distilled water bucket and a small water pump, wherein the distilled water bucket is communicated with the sampling groove through a first water pipe, and the small water pump is used for pumping distilled water in the distilled water bucket into the sampling groove;
the sampling device also comprises a sampling bottle and a vacuum air pump, wherein the sampling bottle is communicated with the sampling groove through a second water pipe and is used for storing sampled algae liquid; the vacuum air pump is communicated with the sampling bottle through an air extracting pipe, and a low pressure condition is caused in the sampling bottle through vacuumizing, so that algae liquid formed after sampling is extracted into the sampling bottle.
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