CN111537678A - Attached algae separation sampling device, and attached algae content calculation system and method - Google Patents
Attached algae separation sampling device, and attached algae content calculation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111537678A CN111537678A CN202010427974.3A CN202010427974A CN111537678A CN 111537678 A CN111537678 A CN 111537678A CN 202010427974 A CN202010427974 A CN 202010427974A CN 111537678 A CN111537678 A CN 111537678A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
Abstract
The invention discloses an attached algae separation sampling device, an attached algae content calculation system and a method, wherein the sampling device comprises a sampling groove and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the sampling groove is used for placing an attached matrix and distilled water; the ultrasonic generator is used for automatically sending ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, separating attached algae from the attached matrix by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and entering distilled water to form algae liquid. According to the attached algae separation and sampling device, the attached matrix and the distilled water are placed in the sampling groove, the ultrasonic generator automatically sends ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, and the attached algae are eluted from the attached matrix into the distilled water by utilizing the cleaning principle of the ultrasonic waves, so that the attached algae and the attached matrix are thoroughly separated, the separation rate is high, and the sampling efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the problem that different samples are easy to be mutually polluted because the hairbrush is directly contacted with the attached matrix in the traditional sampling method is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental monitoring equipment, and particularly relates to an attached algae separation sampling device, an attached algae content calculation system and an attached algae content calculation method.
Background
Since the industrial revolution, human activities discharge a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like into surface water bodies, resulting in eutrophication of lakes. Under eutrophication conditions, a great amount of lake submerged plants are killed, excessive growth of floating algae is caused, and cyanobacterial bloom is developed, which becomes an important ecological disaster in the world. Research shows that excessive proliferation of attached algae under eutrophication condition is an important mechanism for mass extinction of submerged plants. The relationship between attached algae and submerged plants is quite complex: the two are mutually promoted under the condition of poor nutrition, the attached algae buffer the negative influence of the poor external environment on the submerged plants, and the submerged plants provide nutrition for the attached algae; under the condition of rich nutrition, the attached algae cover the leaves of the submerged plants to form a shading effect and inhibit the photosynthesis of the submerged plants.
Attached algae sampling is the basis for assessing their interaction with submerged plants. At present, the attached algae sampling mostly adopts manual operation to separate the attached algae from leaves of submerged plants or other attached matrixes, and comprises two methods of sampling by a soft brush and shaking for sampling. The existing sampling method has the problems of low sampling efficiency, incomplete separation, easy mutual pollution among different samples and the like, so that the research error of the interaction between the attached algae and the submerged plant is large, and the comparability among different researches is insufficient, and the development of a uniform, efficient and accurate attached algae sampling method is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an attached algae separation and sampling device capable of completely separating attached algae from leaves of submerged plants or other attached substrates and having high sampling efficiency.
To achieve the object of the present invention, there is provided an adherent algae separation sampling apparatus comprising a sampling tank for placing an adherent substrate and distilled water, and an ultrasonic generator; the ultrasonic generator is used for automatically sending ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, separating attached algae from the attached matrix by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and entering distilled water to form algae liquid.
The attached algae separation and sampling device provided by the invention further comprises a distilled water bucket and a small water pump, wherein the distilled water bucket is communicated with the sampling groove through a first water pipe, and the small water pump is used for pumping distilled water in the distilled water bucket into the sampling groove. The automatic water injection function is realized through the distillation bucket and the small water suction pump, and the injection amount and the water injection time can be controlled through the small water suction pump.
The device for separating and sampling the attached algae further comprises a sampling bottle and a vacuum air pump, wherein the sampling bottle is communicated with the sampling groove through a second water pipe and used for storing the sampled algae liquid, the vacuum air pump is communicated with the sampling bottle through an air pumping pipe and generates a low-pressure condition in the sampling bottle through the vacuumizing action, and therefore the separated algae liquid is pumped into the sampling bottle.
The algae liquid sampled by the sampling groove can be stored through the sampling bottle and the vacuum air pump, so that the algae liquid is convenient to store; the vacuum pump pumps vacuum to cause a low-pressure condition in the sampling bottle, so that the algae liquid in the sampling groove is automatically pumped into the sampling bottle, and the sampling efficiency is further improved.
A second object of the present invention herein is to provide an attached algae content calculation system, the system comprising:
a sampling device for separating the attached algae from the attachment matrix to form an algae liquid;
the scanning device is used for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture and automatically calculating the area of the attached substrate;
the data calculation terminal is used for accessing the picture and the area of the attached substrate scanned by the scanning device and calculating the content of the attached algae according to the water consumption in the sampling process of the sampling device, the concentration of the algae liquid obtained by the sampling device and the area of the attached substrate;
the sampling device is any attached algae separation sampling device provided by the invention.
The third objective of the present invention herein is to provide an adherent algae content calculating method based on the adherent algae content calculating system provided by the present invention, which lays an adherent substrate to be sampled in a sampling slot of a sampling device; injecting a certain amount of distilled water into the sampling tank, and recording the total volume V of the injected distilled water; while sampling the attached algae, automatically scanning the attached matrix by a scanning device to generate a picture, and calculating the area S of the attached matrix; every time distilled water is injected, ultrasonic waves are sent to the sampling groove according to set sampling time, attached algae are separated from the attached matrix by utilizing the ultrasonic cleaning principle, and enter the distilled water to form algae liquid; the concentration of the attached algae in the algae liquid is C, and the content of the attached algae on the attached substrate is calculated by the following formula:
H＝V×C/S (1)
wherein H is the content of attached algae on the attaching matrix, and the unit is as follows: mg/cm2And V is the total distilled water volume injected in units of: l and C are the concentration of attached algae in the algae liquid, and the unit is as follows: mg/L, S is the area of the attached matrix, and the unit is: cm2。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the attached algae separation and sampling device, the attached matrix and the distilled water are placed in the sampling groove, the ultrasonic generator automatically sends ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, and the attached algae are eluted from the attached matrix into the distilled water by utilizing the cleaning principle of the ultrasonic waves, so that the attached algae and the attached matrix are thoroughly separated, the separation rate is high, and the sampling efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the problem that different samples are easy to be mutually polluted because the hairbrush is directly contacted with the attached matrix in the traditional sampling method is solved.
The computing system provided by the invention not only realizes the automatic separation and sampling of the attached algae and the attached matrix, but also realizes the automatic computation of the attached algae content.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the attached algae separation and sampling apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling system provided in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water inlet system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a suction filtration system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system for calculating the content of attached algae according to the present invention;
in the drawings: 1-a sampling system, 2-a water inlet system, 3-a suction filtration system, 4-a sampling device, 5-a scanning device, 6-a data calculation terminal, 7-a data line, 11-a sampling tank, 12-an ultrasonic generator, 13-a water inlet, 14-a water outlet, 15-a white cover plate, 16-a data interface, 21-a distilled water bucket, 22-a small water pump, 23-a first water pipe, 31-a vacuum air pump, 32-an air suction pipe, 33-a second water pipe and 34-a sampling bottle.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments, however, may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the size of some of the elements may be exaggerated or distorted for clarity. The same reference numerals denote the same or similar structures in the drawings, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the subject matter of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, methods, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, the attached algae separation and sampling apparatus provided herein includes the following functional components:
a sampling system 1 for separating the attached algae from the attachment matrix. As shown in fig. 2, the sampling system 1 includes a sampling tank 11, an ultrasonic generator 12, a water inlet 13, and a water outlet 14. Wherein the sampling groove 11 is a water groove with scales, which is convenient for quantification; the sampling tank 11 is a place where algae are attached for sampling, and is used for placing an attaching medium such as leaves of submerged plants and distilled water; sampling groove 11 bottom is transparent, and the side is opaque all around, and sampling groove 11's top is provided with white apron 15, can cover the sample notch completely. The ultrasonic generator 12 is located around the sampling tank 11, and is used for automatically sending ultrasonic waves to the sampling tank 11, and using the cleaning principle of the ultrasonic waves, the attached algae is eluted from the attached matrix into the distilled water, so that the attached algae is separated. The water inlet 13 is positioned on the side surface of the sampling groove 11 and is connected with the water inlet system 2; the water outlet 14 is positioned on the side surface of the sampling groove 11 opposite to the water inlet 13 and is connected with the suction filtration system 3.
The water inlet system 2 comprises a distilled water barrel 21 and a small water pump 22. As shown in FIG. 3, the distilled water is automatically supplied to the device by connecting the distilled water bucket 21 with the water inlet 13 of the sampling system by the first water pipe 23 and pumping the distilled water in the distilled water bucket 21 into the sampling tank 11 of the sampling system by the small-sized suction pump 22.
The suction filtration system 3 comprises a vacuum suction pump 31, a suction pipe 32 and a sampling bottle 34. As shown in fig. 4, the sampling bottle 34 is connected to the water outlet 14 of the sampling system through the second water pipe 33, the air suction pipe 32 is connected to the sampling bottle 34 and the vacuum air pump 31, the vacuum air pump 31 is used to generate a low pressure condition in the sampling bottle 34, so that the algae liquid in the sampling tank 11 is pumped out of the sampling tank 11 and collected in the special sampling bottle 34.
The working flow of the attached algae separation sampling device is as follows: 1. paving an adhesion matrix to be sampled in a sampling groove; 2. according to the set liquid inlet quantity, a certain amount of distilled water is automatically injected into the sampling tank by the water inlet system for three times; 3. every time distilled water is injected, ultrasonic waves are sent to the sampling groove according to set sampling time, attached algae are separated from the attached matrix by utilizing the ultrasonic cleaning principle, and enter the distilled water to form algae liquid; 4. after the separation of the distilled water and the attached algae is completed each time, the suction filtration system is started, the algae liquid is sucked and filtered out of the sampling groove, and the algae liquid is collected into a special sampling bottle to complete the separation and sampling.
Herein, a filter membrane can be disposed at the bottleneck of the sampling bottle 34 in the suction filtration system 3 according to circumstances, and is used for separating the attached algae in the algae liquid from the algae liquid; the filter membrane can fix the attached algae on the filter membrane, and the suction filtration liquid without the attached algae after suction filtration is collected into the special sampling bottle 34. Of course, no filter membrane may be provided.
The attached algae separation and sampling device provided herein can be applied to separation and sampling of attached algae alone to realize automatic sampling and separation of attached algae, and can also form an attached algae content calculation system with other equipment, as shown in fig. 5, the attached algae content calculation system provided herein includes:
a sampling device 4 for separating the attached algae from the attached matrix to form an algae liquid;
the scanning device 5 is used for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture and automatically calculating the area S of the attached substrate;
the data calculation terminal 6 is used for accessing the attached matrix picture and the area S scanned by the scanning device 5 and calculating the content of attached algae according to the water consumption V in the sampling process of the sampling device 4, the algae liquid concentration C obtained by the sampling device 4 and the attached matrix area S;
wherein the sampling device 4 is the attached algae separation sampling device provided herein.
The scanning device 5 is positioned at the bottom of the sampling groove 11 and used for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture and automatically calculating the area S of the attached substrate by using a program, the sampling groove 11 is provided with a data interface 16 which is in communication connection with the scanning device 5, and the image of the attached substrate and the area S of the attached substrate generated by the scanning device 5 are led out to the data calculation terminal 6 through the data interface 16 and the data line 7 to be stored.
The work flow of the attached algae content calculation system provided herein is as follows: 1. paving an adhesion matrix to be sampled in a sampling groove; 2. according to the set liquid inlet quantity, a certain amount of distilled water is automatically injected into the sampling tank by the water inlet system for three times, and the total volume of the injected distilled water is V; 3. the attached algae is sampled and simultaneously, the scanning device automatically scansThe method comprises the steps of (1) adhering a substrate, calculating the area S of the adhering substrate, automatically storing a scanned picture and a calculation result on a data calculation terminal through a data line, (4) injecting distilled water each time, sending ultrasonic waves to a sampling tank according to set sampling time, separating adhering algae from the adhering substrate by using an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and enabling the adhering algae to enter the distilled water to form algae liquid, (5) after the distilled water is injected each time and the adhering algae are separated, starting a suction filtration system, sucking and filtering the algae liquid out of the sampling tank, collecting the algae liquid in a special sampling bottle, wherein the concentration of the adhering algae in the algae liquid is C, and (6) calculating the content of the adhering algae by the data calculation terminal according to the total volume V of the distilled water, the concentration C of the adhering algae and the area S of the adhering substrate, wherein the calculation formula of the content of the adhering algae is H-V × C/S, and H is the content of the2) V is the total volume of distilled water injected (L), C is the concentration of adhering algae in the algae solution (mg/L), and S is the area of adhering substrate (cm)2)。
The present disclosure has been described in terms of the above-described embodiments, which are merely exemplary of the implementations of the present disclosure. It must be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the disclosure. Rather, variations and modifications are possible within the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these are all within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (6)
1. An attached algae separation sampling device is characterized in that: the sampling device comprises a sampling groove and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the sampling groove is used for placing an adhesion matrix and distilled water; the ultrasonic generator is used for automatically sending ultrasonic waves to the sampling groove, separating attached algae from the attached matrix by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning principle, and entering distilled water to form algae liquid.
2. The attached algae sampling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: still include distillation cask and small-size suction pump, the distillation cask through first water pipe with the sample groove intercommunication, small-size suction pump is used for with distilled water in the distillation cask is taken out in the sample groove.
3. The attached algae sampling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: still include sampling bottle and vacuum aspiration pump, the sampling bottle pass through the second water pipe with the sample groove intercommunication for deposit the algae liquid after the sample, the vacuum aspiration pump pass through the aspiration pipe with the sampling bottle intercommunication is in through the evacuation effect cause the low pressure condition in the sampling bottle to the algae liquid after will separating is taken out to the sampling bottle in.
4. The attached algae sampling apparatus of claim 3, wherein: and a filter membrane is arranged at the bottleneck of the sampling bottle and is used for separating attached algae in the algae liquid from the algae liquid.
5. An attached algae content calculation system comprising the attached algae sampling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the system comprising:
a sampling device for separating the attached algae from the attachment matrix to form an algae liquid;
the scanning device is used for scanning the attached substrate to generate a picture and automatically calculating the area of the attached substrate;
the data calculation terminal is used for accessing the picture and the area of the attached substrate scanned by the scanning device and calculating the content of the attached algae according to the water consumption in the sampling process of the sampling device, the concentration of the algae liquid obtained by the sampling device and the area of the attached substrate;
the attached algae separation sampling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. An adhering algae content calculation method based on the adhering algae content calculation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of flatly paving an adhesion matrix to be sampled in a sampling groove of a sampling device; injecting a certain amount of distilled water into the sampling tank, and recording the total volume V of the injected distilled water; while sampling the attached algae, automatically scanning the attached matrix by a scanning device to generate a picture, and calculating the area S of the attached matrix; every time distilled water is injected, ultrasonic waves are sent to the sampling groove according to set sampling time, attached algae are separated from the attached matrix by utilizing the ultrasonic cleaning principle, and enter the distilled water to form algae liquid; the concentration of the attached algae in the algae liquid is C, and the content of the attached algae on the attached substrate is calculated by the following formula:
H＝V×C/S (1)
wherein H is the content of attached algae on the attaching matrix, and the unit is as follows: mg/cm2And V is the total distilled water volume injected in units of: l and C are the concentration of attached algae in the algae liquid, and the unit is as follows: mg/L, S is the area of the attached matrix, and the unit is: cm2。
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