CN111537333B - Bent plate comprehensive test device - Google Patents

Bent plate comprehensive test device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111537333B
CN111537333B CN202010575697.0A CN202010575697A CN111537333B CN 111537333 B CN111537333 B CN 111537333B CN 202010575697 A CN202010575697 A CN 202010575697A CN 111537333 B CN111537333 B CN 111537333B
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loading
assembly
straight
test piece
shearing
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CN111537333A (en
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柴亚南
李崇
高敏
陈丽敏
彭新未
王彬文
陈向明
林亮亮
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AVIC Aircraft Strength Research Institute
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AVIC Aircraft Strength Research Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F5/00Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
    • B64F5/60Testing or inspecting aircraft components or systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/20Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017Tensile
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0023Bending
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0025Shearing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0026Combination of several types of applied forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of airplane strength test research, and particularly relates to a curved plate comprehensive test device which comprises a test piece assembly, a triangular assembly array, an axial and bending loading assembly and a shearing loading assembly; the triangular component array comprises triangular components and floor beam loading triangular components and is used for applying hoop load, floor beam tension, floor beam compression and bending load to the test piece; the axial and bending loading assembly comprises a base platform, a fixed end assembly, a movable end assembly, and a shear loading assembly; the shear loading assembly comprises a bearing frame, a straight-edge loading frame and a pull rod assembly and is used for applying shear forces in opposite directions to the two straight edges of the test piece. The comprehensive test device for the bent plate can be used for independently applying loads such as tension/compression, shearing, airtightness, bending, end part shearing, tension/compression, bending and the like of the floor beam, can also be used for carrying out combined loading of any loads, and simultaneously, the application of each load is not interfered with each other.

Description

Bent plate comprehensive test device
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical research field of aircraft strength test, in particular to curved plate comprehensive test device.
Background
The comprehensive strength test of the bent plate mainly studies the static force, fatigue, damage tolerance and other performances of the bent plate of the airplane body, provides a basis for design analysis, structural optimization, damage repair and the like of structures such as the wall plate of the airplane body and the like, and plays an important role in the preliminary research and model verification of airplane body mechanisms.
Therefore, the comprehensive test device for the bent plate is actively developed in all countries of the world, but at present, the comprehensive test device for the bent plate has at least the following defects: 1. one end of a test piece is coordinately loaded through a plurality of hydraulic actuators, the force control is realized, meanwhile, the displacement control requirement is met, and the control difficulty and risk are high; in addition, the local part of the test piece cannot simulate the real deformation process; 2. load application has limitations such as failure to apply end shear loads, bending loads, tensile, compressive and bending loads to the floor beams.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem, the application provides a bent plate comprehensive test device.
The application discloses bent plate integrated test device, including testpieces subassembly, triangle-shaped subassembly array, axial and crooked loading subassembly and shearing loading subassembly, wherein
The test piece assembly includes:
a test piece in the shape of a curved plate;
the curved edge loading joint is fixedly arranged on the curved edge of the test piece;
the straight-edge skin inner side joint and the straight-edge skin outer side joint are arranged on a straight edge of the test piece together, a straight-edge shear loading joint is arranged on an outer side flanging of the straight-edge skin outer side joint, and in addition, a pair of frame joints respectively arranged on two sides of a frame is arranged on the straight-edge skin inner side joint at the position of the frame of the test piece;
the floor beam loading lug is connected with the H-shaped floor beam in the test piece;
the floor beam loading joint is connected with the L-shaped floor beam in the test piece;
the triangular component array includes:
the triangular assemblies are arranged at the bottom of the test piece and used for applying annular load to the test piece;
the floor beam loading triangular assemblies are in the same structure as the triangular assemblies, in addition, two floor beam actuators are hinged to the tops of the floor beam loading triangular assemblies, and are connected to the floor beam loading lugs and the floor beam loading connectors through floor beam load sensors respectively, wherein the floor beam loading triangular assemblies and the triangular assemblies are distributed in a parallel staggered mode and used for applying annular loads and floor beam stretching, compressing and bending loads to a test piece;
the axial and bending loading assembly comprises:
a horizontally disposed base platform;
the linear long guide rail is fixedly arranged on the base platform;
the fixed end beam is arranged at the top of one side of the base platform through two upright posts;
one end of the fixed end transition section is connected with the fixed end beam, and the other end of the fixed end transition section is connected with a curved edge loading joint on one side of the test piece assembly;
one end of the end part shearing actuator is hinged to the top end of the upright post, and the other end of the end part shearing actuator is connected with an end part shearing load sensor;
the movable end beam is arranged on the linear long guide rail in a sliding mode through a sliding assembly at the bottom;
one end of the movable end transition section is connected with the movable end beam, and the other end of the movable end transition section is connected with a curved edge loading joint on the other side of the test piece assembly;
the two axial actuators are horizontally hinged between the fixed end beam and the movable end beam in parallel and are distributed on two radial sides of the test piece assembly;
the shear loading assembly comprises:
the two ends of the bottom of the bearing frame are respectively hinged to the tops of the fixed end transition section and the movable end transition section and are positioned at the top of the test piece assembly, wherein the end part of the end part shear load sensor is hinged to one end, close to the movable end transition section, of the bearing frame;
the resultant force lever is arranged on the bearing frame, the top end of the resultant force lever is connected with the adjusting threaded sleeve and the shearing resultant force sensor which are mutually connected, and the bottom end of the resultant force lever is hinged with the movable end transition section;
the straight-edge loading frame is fixedly arranged on two sides of the bearing frame and is used for applying shearing forces in opposite directions to the two straight edges of the test piece;
and the pull rod assembly is fixedly connected between the bearing frame and the straight-edge loading frame so as to increase the connection rigidity.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the floor beam loading triangle assembly and the triangle assembly each comprise:
the top end of the semi-triangle is provided with a triangular joint, and the bottom of the semi-triangle is provided with a rotating single lug;
the top of each rotating double lug is hinged with the two semi-triangular rotating single lugs, and the bottom of each rotating double lug is provided with a sliding block;
the top of the transition support beam is provided with a linear guide rail matched with the slide block of the rotating double lugs, the bottom of the transition support beam is provided with a slide block matched with the linear long guide rail, and the sliding direction of the rotating double lugs on the linear guide rail is vertical to the sliding direction of the transition support beam on the linear long guide rail;
one end of the annular load balancing device is hinged with one half-triangular vertical beam, and the other end of the annular load balancing device is hinged with the other half-triangular vertical beam through an annular load sensor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
two floor beam actuators in the floor beam loading triangular assembly are hinged to the other half-triangular cross beam.
According to at least one embodiment of the application, one end of the annular load sharing device is hinged with one half-triangular vertical beam through one annular load sharing device single lug, and the annular load sensor is hinged with the other half-triangular vertical beam through the other annular load sharing device single lug;
the bottom of the floor beam actuator is hinged to the other half-triangular cross beam through the high double lugs of the floor beam actuator, and the top of the floor beam load sensor is connected to the floor beam loading lug and the floor beam loading joint through the front double lugs of the floor beam.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the axial and bending loading assembly further comprises:
the L-shaped beam is fixedly arranged at the top of the upright post and is provided with two lugs, wherein one end of the end part shearing actuator is connected with the two lugs;
the transition upright posts and the movable end triangular beam are sequentially arranged below two sides of the movable end beam;
the supporting beams are arranged below two sides of the movable end triangular beam and are provided with telescopic supporting lead screws;
the lower straight beam of the movable end is arranged below the middle part of the triangular beam of the movable end, and sliding assemblies matched with the linear long guide rails are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the lower straight beam of the movable end.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the sliding assembly includes:
the top of the transition support beam is provided with a sliding block and a linear guide rail which are matched, and the bottom of the transition support beam is provided with a sliding block matched with the linear long guide rail.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the axial and bending loading assembly further comprises:
and the end face sealing baffle plates are respectively arranged at the bottom of the fixed end beam and the bottoms of the movable end beam and the movable end transition section.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, in the shear loading assembly, the load frame includes:
the two ends of one cross beam are connected with a front corner beam, and the two ends of the other cross beam are connected with a rear corner beam;
the device comprises two parallel straight beams, a front corner beam and a rear corner beam, wherein one end of each straight beam is fixedly connected to the front corner beam, and the other end of each straight beam is fixedly connected to the rear corner beam on the same side;
the end part shear loading single lug is fixed on the rear corner beam and is used for being hinged with the end part shear loading sensor; wherein
The resultant force lever is disposed on the cross member having a front corner beam.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the straight-sided loading frame comprises:
the frame structure is composed of a back beam, two side beams and a curved lever supporting beam;
the front beam pull rod and the rear beam pull rod are arranged between the rear beam and the curved lever supporting beam in parallel;
the tower-shaped part is provided with a tower waist lug and a tower top lug at the waist part and the top part respectively, the tower waist lug is connected with the side beam, and the tower top lug is connected with the longitudinal lever straight beam;
and the straight edge loading mechanisms are uniformly distributed in the frame structure and are used for applying shearing forces in opposite directions to the two straight edges of the test piece.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the straight edge loading mechanism comprises:
one end of the shearing load equalizer is fixed on the rear beam through the rear double lugs of the shearing load equalizer, and the other end of the shearing load equalizer is sequentially connected with the shearing load sensor and the front double lugs of the shearing load equalizer;
the curved lever is hinged to the curved lever supporting beam, one end of the curved lever is hinged to the front double lugs of the shearing load equalizer, and the other end of the curved lever is provided with an inner slideway;
the top of the straight lever is arranged in the inner slideway in a rolling mode through a roller system, a bottom double-lug structure of the straight lever is connected with a straight-edge shearing loading joint on the test piece assembly, in addition, a hole is formed in the middle of the straight lever, and a rolling bearing and a fulcrum roller which are matched with each other are arranged in the hole;
and the guide sleeve is fixed on the straight beam of the longitudinal lever and is provided with an inner side track matched with the fulcrum roller of the straight lever.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the curved plate comprehensive test device further comprises a sealing assembly, the sealing assembly comprising:
the honeycomb plate polytetrafluoroethylene plate assembly is formed by laminating a honeycomb plate and polytetrafluoroethylene layers and is arranged on the top cross beam of the triangular assembly array, and one side of the honeycomb plate faces the test piece;
and the air bag is arranged in a cavity formed between the top of the honeycomb plate polytetrafluoroethylene plate assembly and the bottom of the end face sealing baffle plate.
The application has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the comprehensive test device for the bent plate can be used for independently applying loads such as tension/compression, shearing, airtightness, bending, end part shearing, tension/compression, bending and the like of the floor beam, can also be used for carrying out combined loading of any loads, and simultaneously, the application of each load is not interfered with each other.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a stringer side view of a test piece assembly 100;
FIG. 3 is a skin side view of test piece assembly 100;
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the triangular device array 200;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a floor beam load triangle assembly 201;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the triangle component 202;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the axial and bending loading assembly 300;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a shear loading assembly 400;
fig. 9 is a view showing a structure of a carriage frame 401;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of a straight-sided load frame 402;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the straight edge load frame 402 with the secondary load lever system hidden;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a secondary lever loading system;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a seal assembly 500;
fig. 14 and 15 are schematic diagrams of the stress of the test piece 101.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are a subset of the embodiments in the present application and not all embodiments in the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that technical terms such as "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., which may be referred to in the description of the present application, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
The apparatus for testing a bent plate according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 15.
The application discloses a curved plate comprehensive test device, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a test piece assembly 100, a triangular assembly array 200, an axial and bending loading assembly 300 and a shearing loading assembly 400.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the test piece assembly 100 includes a curved plate-shaped test piece 101, and two curved edge loading joints 102 are connected with the curved edge of the test piece 101 in pairs through a plurality of bolts for applying an axial tensile (or compressive) load, a curved edge shear load, a bending load and an end shear load.
In addition, loading joints are also arranged on two straight sides of the test piece 101, and a straight-side skin inner side joint 103 and a straight-side skin outer side joint 108 are in a group and are connected with the straight sides of the test piece 101 through a plurality of bolts and used for applying annular tensile load balanced with internal pressure; a straight-sided shear load tab 109 is mounted on the outboard cuff of the straight-sided skin outboard tab 108 for applying shear loads. Further, at the framed position, a pair of frame joints 104 disposed on both sides of the frame, respectively, are mounted on the straight-side skin inside joint 103 for applying frame-end balancing loads.
Further, there are two different types of floor beams on the test piece 101, one being H-shaped and one being L-shaped. Attached to the H-shape are floor beam loading tabs 105 for applying axial tension (or compression) and bending loads to the floor beam and floor beam frame boxes 106 for increasing the local stiffness of the load site, floor beam loading tabs 105 and L-shaped floor beams 107 connected by a plurality of bolts for the same purpose as the floor beam loading tabs 105.
As shown in fig. 4, the triangular element array 200 includes: floor beam loading triangle assembly 201 and triangle assembly 202; the floor beam loading triangular assembly 201 is mounted at a position corresponding to the floor beam of the test piece 101 and is used for applying annular load and floor beam tension, compression and bending load to the test piece 101. The triangular assembly 202 simply applies a hoop load to the test piece 101.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the floor beam loading triangle assembly 201 includes: the triangular connector 201a is connected with the half triangle 201b through bolt groups on three sides, and the rotary single lug 201c is fixed at the bottom of the half triangle 201b through flange connection. The lower end cylinder of the rotating double lug 201d is arranged in the rotating support 201e, the rotating double lug 201d can rotate around the rotating support (Z axis) by utilizing a rolling bearing and a thrust bearing in the rotating support 201, and the rotating single lug 201c is hinged with the rotating double lug 201d, so that the two half-triangle combinations can respectively rotate around the X axis. The lower end of the rotating support 201e is fixed on the sliding block 201g, the sliding block 201g can slide along the linear guide rail 201f and does not restrict the transverse (Y-direction) displacement of the test piece 101 generated when the test piece is subjected to the end shearing acting force, the linear guide rail 201f is fixed on the transition support beam 201h, two sliding blocks 201g are further arranged at the lower end of the fixed support beam, and the two sliding blocks are arranged on the long guide rail 302 in the axial and bending loading assembly 300, so that the floor beam loading triangular assembly 201 has the axial (X-direction) freedom degree, and the displacement of the test piece 101 generated when the test piece is subjected to the stretching or compression acting force is not limited.
Further, a single lug 201i of the annular load sharing device is fixed on a vertical beam of the semi-triangle 201b, the rear end of the annular load sharing device 201j is hinged to the single lug 201i of the annular load sharing device, one end of an annular load sensor 201k is connected with the front end of a piston rod of the annular load sharing device 201j through threads, the other end of the annular load sharing device is matched with an adjusting sleeve rod 201l through threads, the rear end of a front double lug 201m of the annular load sharing device is connected with the adjusting sleeve rod 201l, the front end of the annular load sharing device is hinged to the single lug 201i of the other annular load sharing device, and balanced thrust is applied to the annular load sharing device 201j during pressurization.
The floor beam actuator low lugs 201n and the floor beam actuator high lugs 201r are fixed on a cross beam of the semi-triangle 201b, the height sizes of the two actuators are different only in order to enable the size specifications of the two actuators to be consistent, the rear end of the floor beam actuator 201o is hinged with the two actuator high lugs, a front end piston rod is connected with a floor beam load sensor 201p and the floor beam front lugs 201q in sequence, the floor beam front lugs 201q are hinged with floor beam loading lugs 105 or floor beam loading connectors 107 on the test piece assembly 100, and loading on a test piece is achieved through tensile force or pressure output by the two floor beam actuators 201 o.
As shown in fig. 6, the structure of the 202 triangular assembly is the same as the floor beam loading triangular assembly 201 except that the structure of the floor beam loading triangular assembly does not include the floor beam actuator low lugs 201n, the floor beam actuator 201o, the floor beam load sensor 201p, the floor beam front lugs 201q, and the floor beam actuator high lugs 201r, and thus, the description thereof is omitted.
As shown in fig. 7, the axial and bending loading assembly 300 includes a base platform 301, a linear long guide rail 302 fixed on the base platform 301, two vertical columns 303 fixed on the base platform 301 for supporting a fixed end beam 304, and connected with the fixed end beam 304 by using multiple rows of bolts; the two L-shaped beams 305 are fixed at the upper ends of the two sides of the fixed end beam 304, the rear ends of the end shearing actuators 306 are hinged with double lugs on the L-shaped beams 305, the front ends are sequentially provided with an end shearing load sensor 307 and an end shearing actuator front double lug 308, and the end shearing actuator front double lug 308 is hinged with an end shearing loading single lug 401L in the shearing loading assembly 400 and used for transferring end shearing loads; when loaded, the two actuators (i.e., axial actuator 310) exert a pulling force on one and a pushing force on the other, creating a moment that applies an end load to shear loading assembly 400.
One end of the fixed end transition section 309 is fixed at the front end of the fixed end beam 304 through double-row bolts, and the other end is connected with a plurality of curved edge loading joints 102 in the test piece assembly 100 and used for transferring end loads (tension, compression, bending, curved edge shearing, end shearing and the like); an end face sealing baffle 311 is also arranged below the fixed end beam 304, is used for end plane sealing of the test piece 101, and only bears airtight load and does not transmit other load.
The connection mode of the movable end beam 313, the movable end transition section 312 and the end face sealing baffle 311 is the same as that of the fixed end, except that a transition upright post 316 and a movable end triangular beam 318 are sequentially arranged below two sides of the movable end beam 313, and supporting beams 319 are arranged below two sides of the movable end triangular beam 318; the supporting beam 319 is used for supporting the whole movable loading end before the test is started, is beneficial to the installation and positioning of the whole system, and needs to retract the supporting lead screw at the bottom after the test is started; further, a movable-end lower straight beam 320 is arranged below the middle of the movable-end triangular beam 318, sliding assemblies 321 (the specific structure of which is the same as that of the lower end of the floor beam loading triangular assembly 201 and is not described here again) are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower end of the movable-end lower straight beam 320, the functions of which are the same as that of the lower end of the floor beam loading triangular assembly 201, the front and rear two assemblies are used together, and the degree of freedom of bending and rotating of the test piece 101 is increased.
The axial actuator single lug seats 314 are respectively arranged on the fixed end beam 304 and the movable end beam 313 and are positioned at the same position in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; the rear end of the axial actuator 310 is hinged with the axial actuator single-lug seat 314, an axial load sensor 317 and an axial actuator double-lug joint 315 are sequentially arranged on a front-end piston rod, the front end of the axial actuator double-lug joint 315 is hinged with the axial actuator single-lug seat 314, and thus the two axial actuators 310 are arranged between the fixed end beam 304 and the movable end beam 313; when the two actuators apply tension simultaneously, the test piece 101 is subjected to compressive load; when thrust is applied at the same time, the test piece 101 is under the action of tensile load; upon pushing and pulling, the test piece 101 is subjected to a bending load.
As shown in fig. 8, the shear loading assembly 400 mainly comprises four parts, a load-bearing frame 401, a straight-edge loading frame 402, a pull rod assembly 403, and a lifting joint 404; two sides of the bearing frame 401 are respectively connected with a straight loading frame 402 to form a main structure of the assembly, the pull rod assembly 403 is used for increasing the connection rigidity of the bearing frame 401 and the straight loading frame 402, and the four hoisting connectors 404 are used for hoisting during installation.
As shown in fig. 9, the carrying frame 401 includes: the beam structure comprises straight beams 401a, front corner beams 401b, front short beams 401h, cross beams 401i, hoisting joints 401j, rear corner beams 401k and rear short beams 401m, wherein the straight beams 401a, the front corner beams 401b, the front short beams 401h, the cross beams 401i, the hoisting joints 401j, the rear corner beams 401k and the rear short beams 401m are connected in pairs through flanges to form a; specifically, the number of the beams 401i is two, and the beams are arranged in parallel, wherein two ends of one beam 401i are connected with a front corner beam 401b, and two ends of the other beam 401i are connected with a rear corner beam 401 k; the number of the straight beams 401a is two, and the straight beams are arranged in parallel, wherein one end of each straight beam 401a is fixedly connected to the front corner beam 401b, and the other end of each straight beam 401a is fixedly connected to the rear corner beam 401k on the same side; an end shear load lug 401l is secured to the rear corner beam 401k for articulation with an end shear load sensor 307.
Further, a rear single lug 401c of the shearing resultant force load sensor is fixed on the cross beam 401i, one end of a double lug 401d of the shearing resultant force sensor is in hinged fit with the rear single lug 401c of the shearing resultant force load sensor, and the other end of the double lug 401d of the shearing resultant force sensor is sequentially connected with an adjusting threaded sleeve 401e, a shearing resultant force sensor 401f and the other rear single lug 401c of the shearing resultant force load sensor; the joint bearing is arranged at the center of the resultant force lever 401g, the joint bearing is arranged at the center of the front short beam 401h through a pin shaft, the spherical surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring of the joint bearing are matched to enable the resultant force lever 401g to rotate around the central point by 360 degrees, and the upper end and the lower end of the joint bearing are respectively hinged with the rear single lug 401c of the shearing resultant force load sensor and the movable end transition section 312.
The rotary support double lugs 401n are fixed on the rear short beam 401m by two bolts, and the double lug center holes are matched with the center hole at the upper end of the fixed end transition section 309, so that the whole frame can rotate 360 degrees around the matching center. An end shear loading lug 401l is secured to the rear corner beam 401k and is connected to the end shear actuator front lug 308 for applying an end shear load.
Further, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, in order to make the frame structure clearly visible, fig. 11 hides part of the loading mechanism, and the straight loading frame 402 includes: the rear beam 402a, the two side beams 402c and the curved lever support beam 402g form a frame structure, and a plurality of front and rear beam pull rods 402b are arranged between the rear beam 402a and the curved lever support beam 402g for increasing the rigidity of the frame; the waist and the top of the two tower-shaped members 402f are respectively provided with a tower waist single lug 402d and a tower top single lug 402e, the tower waist single lug 402d is connected with the side beam 402c, and the tower top single lug 402e is connected with the longitudinal lever straight beam 402 h.
As shown in fig. 12, to describe the internal loading mechanism of the straight-edge loading frame 402 in more detail, the assembly is separated individually, and the number of the assemblies depends on the length dimension of the test piece 101 and the magnitude of the shear load. Specifically, a rear double lug 402i of the shearing load equalizer is fixed on a rear beam 402a and is in hinged fit with the rear end of the shearing load equalizer 402j, a shearing load sensor 402k and a front double lug 402l of the shearing load equalizer are sequentially arranged at the front end of a piston rod of the shearing load equalizer 402j, a knuckle bearing is arranged in a central hole of a curved lever 402m, the curved lever 402m is fixed on a curved lever support beam 402g through a shaft pin, a bearing is arranged in a rear end hole of the curved lever 402m and is hinged with the front double lug 402l of the shearing load equalizer, an inner slide way is processed at the other end of the curved lever, and an intersection point knuckle bearing 402n and an intersection point roller 402o form a roller system which is arranged at the upper end of a straight lever 402t and can roll along the inner slide.
A joint bearing 402s is arranged in a central hole of the straight lever 402t, a rolling bearing 402r and a fulcrum roller 402q are symmetrically arranged along the outer side of the center of the hole through the series connection of the fulcrum shafts 402p, and the rolling bearing 402r is arranged on the inner side of the fulcrum roller 402q, so that the friction force of the fulcrum roller 402q rolling in the guide sleeve 402u can be reduced; the fulcrum roller 402q can roll along the inner side track of the guide sleeve 402u, the guide sleeve 402u is installed on the vertical lever straight beam 402h, so that the tensile force output by the shearing actuator 402j is converted into shearing force along the straight edge of the test piece 101 through two-stage levers, the lower end double-lug structure of the straight lever 402t is connected with the straight edge shearing loading joint 109 on the test piece assembly 100, and the shearing load is applied to the straight edge of the test piece 101. The knuckle bearings at the rotation centers of the curved lever 402m and the straight lever 402t, and the fulcrum roller 402q and the guide sleeve 402u ensure that the system does not restrict the displacement of the test piece in all directions while being loaded.
The loading frames 402 with the two straight sides apply shearing forces with equal magnitude and opposite directions to the two straight sides of the test piece 101, the shearing loading assembly 400 integrally generates a tendency of rotating around the center of the connecting hole at the upper end of the fixed end transition section 309 under the action of the counterforce, and the curved sides at the two ends of the test piece 101 are inevitably subjected to loads with equal magnitude and opposite directions applied by the loading frames 401 according to the balance of moments.
As shown in fig. 13, the bent plate comprehensive test apparatus of the present application further includes a seal assembly 500; specifically, the sealing assembly 500 comprises an air bag surrounded by air ball cloth, canvas and the like and a honeycomb plate polytetrafluoroethylene plate assembly of various specifications, a mixed connection mode of glue joint and rivets is adopted between the honeycomb plate and the polytetrafluoroethylene plate, the honeycomb plate faces one side of the test piece 101, and the honeycomb plate is mainly used for bearing air pressure and forms a cavity with two end face sealing baffles 311 to support the air bag. The polytetrafluoroethylene plate faces the inclined beam and the cross beam of the semi-triangle 201b, and the friction force between the polytetrafluoroethylene plate component and the triangle is reduced by utilizing the characteristic of low friction coefficient between polytetrafluoroethylene plates.
To sum up, the bent plate comprehensive test device of the application can not only apply the loads such as tension/compression, shearing, airtightness, bending, end shearing, tension/compression of floor beam, bending and the like, but also carry out the combined loading of the above arbitrary loads, and simultaneously the application of each load is not interfered with each other.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The comprehensive test device for the curved plate is characterized by comprising a test piece assembly (100), a triangular assembly array (200), an axial and bending loading assembly (300) and a shearing loading assembly (400), wherein
The test piece assembly (100) comprises:
a curved plate-shaped test piece (101);
the curved edge loading joint (102) is fixedly arranged on the curved edge of the test piece (101);
the straight-edge skin inner side joint (103) and the straight-edge skin outer side joint (108) are jointly arranged on a straight edge of the test piece (101), a straight-edge shear loading joint (109) is arranged on an outer side flanging of the straight-edge skin outer side joint (108), and in addition, a pair of frame joints (104) respectively arranged on two sides of a frame is further arranged on the straight-edge skin inner side joint (103) at the position where the test piece (101) is provided with the frame;
a floor beam loading tab (105) connected to an H-shaped floor beam in the test piece (101);
a floor beam loading joint (107) connected to the L-shaped floor beam in the test piece (101);
the triangular component array (200) comprises:
a plurality of triangular assemblies (202) arranged at the bottom of the test piece (101) and used for applying annular load to the test piece (101);
the floor beam loading triangular assemblies (201) are of the same structure as the triangular assemblies (202), in addition, two floor beam actuators (201 o) are hinged to the top of each floor beam loading triangular assembly (201), the two floor beam actuators (201 o) are connected to floor beam loading lugs (105) and floor beam loading joints (107) through floor beam load sensors (201 p), and the floor beam loading triangular assemblies (201) and the triangular assemblies (202) are distributed in a staggered mode in parallel and used for applying hoop loads and floor beam stretching, compression and bending loads to the test piece (101);
the axial and bending loading assembly (300) comprises:
a horizontally disposed base platform (301);
the linear long guide rail (302) is fixedly arranged on the base platform (301);
the fixed end beam (304) is arranged at the top of one side of the base platform (301) through two upright posts (303);
a fixed end transition section (309), one end of which is connected with the fixed end beam (304), and the other end of which is connected with a curved edge loading joint (102) at one side of the test piece assembly (100);
an end shear actuator (306), one end of which is hinged to the top end of the upright post (303), and the other end of which is connected with an end shear load sensor (307);
the movable end beam (313) is arranged on the linear long guide rail (302) in a sliding mode through a sliding assembly (321) at the bottom;
a movable end transition section (312), one end of which is connected with the movable end beam (313), and the other end of which is connected with a curved edge loading joint (102) on the other side of the test piece assembly (100);
two axial actuators (310) which are horizontally hinged between the fixed end beam (304) and the movable end beam (313) in parallel and distributed on two radial sides of the test piece assembly (100);
the shear loading assembly (400) comprises:
a bearing frame (401), wherein the two ends of the bottom of the bearing frame are respectively hinged to the tops of the fixed end transition section (309) and the movable end transition section (312) and are positioned at the top of the test piece assembly (100), and the end of the end shear load sensor (307) is hinged to one end, close to the movable end transition section (312), of the bearing frame (401);
the resultant force lever (401 g) is arranged on the bearing frame (401), the top end of the resultant force lever is connected with the adjusting threaded sleeve (401 e) and the shearing resultant force sensor (401 f) which are connected with each other, and the bottom end of the resultant force lever is hinged with the movable end transition section (312);
the straight-edge loading frame (402) is fixedly arranged on two sides of the bearing frame (401) and is used for applying shearing forces in opposite directions to two straight edges of the test piece (101);
and the pull rod assembly (403) is fixedly connected between the bearing frame (401) and the straight-edge loading frame (402) so as to increase the connection rigidity.
2. Curved plate integrated test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the floor beam loading triangle assembly (201) and the triangle assembly (202) each comprise:
a semi-triangle (201 b), the top end of which is provided with a triangle joint (201 a), and the bottom of which is provided with a rotating single lug (201 c);
the top of each rotating double lug (201 d) is hinged with the rotating single lugs (201 c) of the two semi-triangles (201 b), and the bottom of each rotating double lug (201 d) is provided with a sliding block (201 g);
the top of the transition support beam (201 h) is provided with a linear guide rail (201 f) matched with a sliding block (201 g) of the rotating double-lug (201 d), the bottom of the transition support beam is provided with a sliding block (201 g) matched with the linear long guide rail (302), and the sliding direction of the rotating double-lug (201 d) on the linear guide rail (201 f) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the transition support beam (201 h) on the linear long guide rail (302);
one end of the annular load balancing device (201 j) is hinged with the vertical beam of one half triangle (201 b), and the other end of the annular load balancing device is hinged with the vertical beam of the other half triangle (201 b) through an annular load sensor (201 k); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
two floor beam actuators (201 o) in the floor beam loading triangle assembly (201) are hinged on the cross beam of the other half triangle (201 b).
3. The bent plate comprehensive test device according to claim 2, wherein one end of the annular load sharing device (201 j) is hinged with the vertical beam of one half-triangle (201 b) through one annular load sharing device single lug (201 i), and the annular load sensor (201 k) is hinged with the vertical beam of the other half-triangle (201 b) through the other annular load sharing device single lug (201 i);
the bottom of the floor beam actuator (201 o) is hinged to the cross beam of the other semi-triangle (201 b) through a floor beam actuator high double lug (201 r), and the top of the floor beam load sensor (201 p) is connected to the floor beam loading lug (105) and the floor beam loading joint (107) through a floor beam front double lug (201 q).
4. The bent plate comprehensive test device according to claim 2, wherein the axial and bending loading assembly (300) further comprises:
the L-shaped beam (305) is fixedly arranged at the top of the upright post (303), and two lugs are arranged on the L-shaped beam (305), wherein one end of the end part shearing actuator (306) is connected with the two lugs;
a transition upright post (316) and a movable end triangular beam (318) which are arranged below two sides of the movable end beam (313) in sequence;
the supporting beams (319) are arranged below two sides of the movable end triangular beam (318) and are provided with telescopic supporting lead screws;
the lower movable end straight beam (320) is arranged below the middle part of the triangular movable end beam (318), and sliding assemblies (321) matched with the linear long guide rails (302) are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the lower movable end straight beam (320).
5. Bent plate comprehensive test device according to claim 4, characterized in that said sliding assembly (321) comprises:
the top of the transition support beam (201 h) is provided with a sliding block (201 g) and a linear guide rail (201 f) which are matched, and the bottom of the transition support beam is provided with a sliding block (201 g) matched with the linear long guide rail (302).
6. Bent plate integrated test device according to claim 4, characterized in that said axial and bending loading assembly (300) further comprises:
and the end face sealing baffle plates (311) are respectively arranged at the bottom of the fixed end beam (304) and the bottoms of the movable end beam (313) and the movable end transition section (312).
7. Bent plate integrated test device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the shear loading assembly (400), the load-bearing frame (401) comprises:
the device comprises two parallel cross beams (401 i), wherein two ends of one cross beam (401 i) are connected with a front corner beam (401 b), and two ends of the other cross beam (401 i) are connected with a rear corner beam (401 k);
the device comprises two parallel straight beams (401 a), wherein one end of each straight beam (401 a) is fixedly connected to a front corner beam (401 b), and the other end of each straight beam (401 a) is fixedly connected to a rear corner beam (401 k) on the same side;
an end shear loading lug (401 l) fixed on the rear corner beam (401 k) and used for being hinged with the end shear load sensor (307); wherein
The resultant force lever (401 g) is provided on the cross member (401 i) having a front corner beam (401 b).
8. Bent plate integrated test device according to claim 7, characterized in that said straight-sided loading frame (402) comprises:
the frame structure is composed of a back beam (402 a), two side beams (402 c) and a curved lever supporting beam (402 g);
a plurality of front and rear beam tie rods (402 b) arranged in parallel between the rear beam (402 a) and the curved lever support beam (402 g);
the tower-shaped part (402 f) is provided with a tower waist monaural (402 d) and a tower top monaural (402 e) at the waist part and the top part respectively, the tower waist monaural (402 d) is connected with a side beam (402 c), and the tower top monaural (402 e) is connected with a vertical lever straight beam (402 h);
and the straight edge loading mechanisms are uniformly distributed in the frame structure and are used for applying shearing forces in opposite directions to the two straight edges of the test piece (101).
9. A curved plate comprehensive test device according to claim 8, wherein said straight edge loading mechanism comprises:
one end of the shearing load sharing device (402 j) is fixed on the rear beam (402 a) through the rear double lugs (402 i) of the shearing load sharing device, and the other end of the shearing load sharing device is sequentially connected with a shearing load sensor (402 k) and the front double lugs (402 l) of the shearing load sharing device;
the curved lever (402 m) is hinged to the curved lever supporting beam (402 g), one end of the curved lever (402 m) is hinged to the front double lugs (402 l) of the shearing load sharing device, and the other end of the curved lever is provided with an inner slide way;
the top of the straight lever (402 t) is arranged in the inner slide way in a rolling mode through a roller system, a bottom double-lug structure of the straight lever is connected with a straight-edge shearing loading joint (109) on the test piece assembly (100), in addition, a hole is formed in the middle of the straight lever (402 t), and a rolling bearing (402 r) and a fulcrum roller (402 q) which are matched with each other are arranged in the hole;
the guide sleeve (402 u) is fixed on a vertical beam (402 h) of the longitudinal lever, and the guide sleeve (402 u) is provided with an inner side track matched with a fulcrum roller (402 q) of the straight lever (402 t).
10. Curved plate integrated test device according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises a sealing assembly (500), said sealing assembly (500) comprising:
the honeycomb plate polytetrafluoroethylene plate assembly formed by laminating a honeycomb plate and polytetrafluoroethylene layers is arranged on the top cross beam of the triangular assembly array (200), and one side of the honeycomb plate faces the test piece (101);
and the air bag is arranged in a cavity formed between the top of the honeycomb plate polytetrafluoroethylene plate component and the bottom of the end face sealing baffle (311).
CN202010575697.0A 2020-06-22 2020-06-22 Bent plate comprehensive test device Active CN111537333B (en)

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