CN113212796A - Horizontal load loading device for undercarriage strength test - Google Patents
Horizontal load loading device for undercarriage strength test Download PDFInfo
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- CN113212796A CN113212796A CN202110625246.8A CN202110625246A CN113212796A CN 113212796 A CN113212796 A CN 113212796A CN 202110625246 A CN202110625246 A CN 202110625246A CN 113212796 A CN113212796 A CN 113212796A
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/60—Testing or inspecting aircraft components or systems
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of structural strength tests, and discloses a horizontal load loading device for an undercarriage strength test, which comprises: the hydraulic actuator comprises four upright posts, eight bearing cross beams, eight vertical guide rail beams, N transverse guide rail beams and N hydraulic actuator cylinders; four stand columns are separately fixed on the ground at four corners, and four vertexes of a rectangle are formed by the four stand columns; two bearing cross beams are fixed between every two adjacent upright columns in parallel; two vertical guide rail beams are fixed between two parallel bearing cross beams in parallel; a transverse guide rail beam is connected between two parallel vertical guide rail beams and can slide along the vertical guide rail beams in a vertical plane; the root of the hydraulic actuator cylinder is connected with the inner side of the transverse guide rail beam, the head of the hydraulic actuator cylinder is connected with the false wheel of the undercarriage through a force transducer, and the hydraulic actuator cylinder can slide along the transverse guide rail beam in the horizontal plane. The device of the invention can realize the follow-up loading of the landing gear course and the side load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of structural strength tests, and particularly relates to a horizontal load loading device for an undercarriage strength test.
Background
In the actual use process of the airplane, the compression stroke of the airplane landing gear buffer is continuously changed along with the change of the vertical load. However, due to limitations in terms of equipment, technology, experience, and the like, in a conventional aircraft landing gear fatigue test, a fixed stroke is generally adopted as a shock absorber compression stroke, and it is difficult to reflect an actual loading condition of the landing gear.
On the other hand, the position of the loading point of the wheel center changes after the landing gear is loaded for static test or fatigue test, but in the existing test method, the root of the loading actuator cylinder is usually fixed, so that the loading force line is inclined, and the loading is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a follow-up horizontal load loading device for an undercarriage test, which realizes automatic variable stroke loading of a static force or fatigue test of an undercarriage, reduces the workload of reloading, realizes follow-up loading of a test horizontal load and improves the loading precision.
A landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device, comprising: the hydraulic actuating system comprises four upright posts 1, eight bearing cross beams 2, eight vertical guide rail beams 4, N transverse guide rail beams 5 and N hydraulic actuating cylinders 7;
four discrete corners of the four upright posts 1 are fixed on the ground, and the four upright posts form four vertexes of a rectangle;
two bearing cross beams 2 are fixed between every two adjacent upright columns 1 in parallel; two vertical guide rail beams 4 are fixed between two parallel bearing cross beams 2 in parallel;
the transverse guide rail beam 5 is connected between two parallel vertical guide rail beams, and the transverse guide rail beam 5 can slide along the vertical guide rail beams in a vertical plane;
the root of the hydraulic actuator cylinder 7 is connected with the inner side of the transverse guide rail beam 5, the head of the hydraulic actuator cylinder 7 is connected with a false wheel of an undercarriage through a force transducer, and the hydraulic actuator cylinder 7 can slide along the transverse guide rail beam in a horizontal plane.
Further, the loading device further comprises: four weight-deducting cross beams 3 and N weight-deducting units 6;
a weight-fastening beam 3 is fixed between the tops of every two adjacent upright columns 1;
the weight deducting unit 6 is connected with the hydraulic actuating cylinder 7 to offset the dead weight of the hydraulic actuating cylinder 7 and the transverse guide rail beam.
Further, the weight deducting unit 6 includes: the weight 601, the pulley assembly 603, the bearing beam 604 and two bearing joints 605;
the two bearing joints 605 are fixed at two ends of the weight-fastening beam 3; the load beam 604 is fixed between two load joints 605;
the pulley assembly 603 comprises a pulley and a rope; the pulley is fixed on the bearing cross beam, the rope passes around the pulley, one end of the rope is connected with the weight 601, and the other end of the rope is connected with the hydraulic actuator cylinder 7.
Further, the vertical guide rail beam 4 includes: an i-beam 401, a slider-rail assembly 402, and screws;
the guide rail in the slide block-guide rail assembly is fixed in the middle of the flange of the I-beam 401 through a screw, and the slide block can freely slide along the guide rail.
Further, the lateral guide rail beam 5 includes: a variable cross-section i-beam 501, a guide rail-slider assembly 502, a first hinge assembly 503, and a second hinge assembly 504;
two ends of the variable cross-section I-shaped beam 501 are respectively hinged with respective sliding blocks of the two vertical guide rail beams 4 through a first hinge assembly and a second hinge assembly.
Further, the first hinge assembly and the second hinge assembly are both fixed hinge assemblies 504, which include: two double-lug seats and rolling bearings; the two double lug seats are respectively fixed with the sliding block of the vertical guide rail beam 4 and the end part of the variable cross-section I-shaped beam 501; and the two double-lug seats are hinged through a rolling bearing.
Further, the first hinge assembly is a fixed hinge assembly, the second hinge assembly is a movable hinge assembly 503, and the movable hinge assembly 503 includes: the double-lug seat, the hinge rod, the rolling bearing and the joint bearing;
the double-lug seats are fixed with the sliding blocks of the vertical guide rail beam 4, and the hinged rods are fixed with the end part of the variable-section I-beam 501; the hinge rod is hinged with the double-lug seat, a rolling bearing is installed at one end of the hinge rod, and a joint bearing is installed at the other end of the hinge rod.
Further, the weight deducting unit 6 further comprises: a lever assembly 602; one end of the lever component is connected with the hydraulic actuator cylinder, the other end of the lever component is connected with the transverse guide rail beam, and the middle part of the lever component is connected with the rope of the pulley component; the lever assembly is matched with the weight buckling block to balance the self weight of the hydraulic actuator cylinder and the transverse guide rail beam.
Further, the weight of the weight block 601 is equal to the sum of the self weights of the hydraulic actuating cylinder 7 and the transverse guide rail beam
Further, N is not less than 4.
Compared with the prior art, the automatic variable-stroke follow-up loading of the landing gear course load and the lateral load is realized under the condition that a control channel is not added, the labor intensity is reduced, the test period is shortened, the loading precision is improved, and the test result is more reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a horizontal load loading device for a landing gear strength test;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the horizontal load loading device for the landing gear strength test;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the column 1;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the load beam 2;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the load beam 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a vertical guide rail beam 4;
FIG. 7-schematic view of the transverse guide rail beam 5;
FIG. 8-schematic view of the weight loss system 6;
1-column, 2-load beam, 3-weight beam, 4-vertical guide beam, 5-horizontal guide beam, 6-weight system, 7-hydraulic actuator cylinder, 101-general small column, 102-column with connecting disc, 401-I-beam, 402-guide-slider device, 403-nut, 501-variable cross section I-beam, 502-guide-slider device, 503-movable hinge component, 504-fixed hinge component, 601-weight block, 602-lever system, 603-pulley system, 604-load beam, 605-load joint.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are a front view and a top view of a horizontal load loading device, respectively, and include 4 columns 1, 8 load-bearing beams 2, 4 weight-deducting beams 3, 8 vertical guide- rail beams 4, 6 transverse guide-rail beams 5, a weight-deducting system 6, and a hydraulic actuator 7. The whole device is arranged on the supporting clamp through the bolt at the lower part of the upright post 1, and meanwhile, the test piece is also arranged on the supporting clamp, so that the whole system forms a self-balancing device.
As shown in fig. 3, the column 1 includes a plurality of small columns, which can be divided into two types, one type is a general small column 101, the length is about 1m, and the column is formed by welding a steel plate and a cold-bending square hollow section steel with the side length of 400 and the wall thickness of 12; one is a column 102 with a connecting disc, which is formed by welding a steel plate and cold-bent square hollow section steel with the side length of 400 and the wall thickness of 12, and two connecting sections are welded in the horizontal direction and are used for being connected with a bearing beam 2 and a weight-buckled beam. And 8 bolt holes are formed in the periphery of a steel plate welded with the hollow section steel and used for connecting parts.
The bearing beam 2 is arranged between the two upright posts 1 and mainly bears the load in the horizontal direction, the main body is formed by welding two channel steel and steel plates, as shown in the attached drawing 4, the steel plates are welded on the front, the back, the left and the right, and reinforcing ribs are designed.
The form of the weight-fastening cross beam 3 is the same as that of the general small upright post 101, and as shown in figure 5, the weight-fastening cross beam is formed by welding a steel plate and cold-bending square hollow section steel.
The four upright posts 1 are equivalent to four vertexes of a rectangle, and three bearing beams are respectively arranged on four sides of the rectangle and between the two upright posts. The lower two bearing cross beams 2 are mainly used for bearing horizontal load; the upper buckling beam 3 is mainly used for bearing buckling load. Thus, the main bearing frame is formed and can bear loads in all directions. The upright posts and the bearing beams form four walls of the main frame and are respectively used for mainly bearing loads in four directions of positive and negative directions and positive and negative sides, and a wall device is used for illustration in the following, but each wall is of a similar structure.
The vertical guide rail beam 4 is lapped on two bearing cross beams, and as shown in fig. 6, is formed by connecting an I-beam 401 and a slide block-guide rail device 402 by using an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw. The guide rail of the slider-guide rail device 402 is arranged in the middle of the flange of the I-beam 401, an arch hole is formed in the web plate of the I-beam 401, and a nut 403 matched with a screw is embedded in the arch hole.
The friction coefficient of the rail-slider device 401 can be as low as 0.003 or less, and the number of sliders on the rail can be set according to the number of loading points.
The I-beam 402 is formed by welding 3 steel plates, reinforcing ribs are arranged between the edge strips and the web plates, and steel pipes are welded at the upper end and the lower end of the beam and are connected with the bearing cross beam 2 as bolt holes.
The transverse guide rail beam 5 is installed on the sliding blocks of the two vertical guide rail beams 4, and as shown in fig. 7, comprises a variable cross-section i-beam 501, a guide rail-sliding block device 502, a movable hinge assembly 503 and a fixed hinge assembly 504.
The variable cross-section i-beam 501 is machined from a No. 45 steel forging and is provided with reinforcing ribs. And a guide rail-slider device is arranged on the inner side of the variable cross-section I-beam, wherein the inner side refers to the central direction of the main bearing frame. The root of the hydraulic actuator cylinder is fixed on the slide block for loading, and the head of the hydraulic actuator cylinder is connected with the force transducer and the loading false wheel of the undercarriage.
The guide rail-slide block device and the I-shaped beam (a vertical guide rail beam or a transverse guide rail beam) are arranged in the following mode: the guide rail is tightly attached to the flange of the beam, a series of bolt holes are formed in the flange and correspond to the countersunk bolt holes in the guide rail, and the guide rail and the I-shaped beam are fixed through fasteners. The corresponding position of beam web and bolt hole is opened slottedly, and the fastener length can be held to the groove height, and the fastener nut just can be blocked to the width. The design is beneficial to bearing and convenient to install.
The movable hinge assembly 503 is composed of a double-lug seat and a hinge rod, a rolling bearing is installed in a hole at one end of the hinge rod, and a joint bearing is installed in a hole at the other end of the hinge rod and is matched with a bearing cover. The fixed hinge assembly 504 is comprised of two distinct double-eared seats and mounts a rolling bearing in the connecting hole, with a bearing cap.
The two ends of the variable cross-section I-beam 501 are respectively connected with the sliding blocks on the two vertical guide rail beams 4 through the movable hinge assembly 503 and the fixed hinge assembly 504, and the connection mode allows the two guide rail-sliding block devices to still run smoothly when the following conditions occur: the two vertical guide rail beams are not in a plane or are not parallel due to installation or loading deformation. Considering that the vertical guide rail beam is arranged on the bearing frame, the problem that the slide block runs unsmoothly due to the deformation caused by the stress is a frequent problem.
The weighing system 6 is composed of a weighing block 601, a lever system 602, a pulley system 603, a bearing beam 604 and a bearing joint 605, as shown in fig. 8.
The bearing beam 604 is connected with a main bearing frame consisting of the upright post 1, the bearing beam 2 and the weight-fastening beam 3 through a bearing joint.
The pulleys of the pulley system 603 are mounted on a load beam 604. One end of a rope of the pulley system 603 is connected with the lever system, and the other end is provided with a weight.
The lever system 602 is connected to the moving parts according to the invention, i.e. the transverse guide beams 5 and the hydraulic rams 7. The weight is matched with the lever system to overcome the inclination caused by the dead weight of the actuating cylinder.
It is of course also possible to connect one end of the rope of the pulley system directly to the hydraulic ram without using a lever system.
However, when the rope is directly connected to the hydraulic actuator cylinder, it is difficult to accurately find the center of gravity of the hydraulic actuator cylinder, and when the connection point deviates from the center of gravity, the weight is not accurately buckled, so that the self weight of the hydraulic actuator cylinder cannot be well balanced. And the lever system is used for connecting the transverse guide rail beam and the hydraulic actuating cylinder, the connection position is not only a point but a line, so that the weight of the weight deducting block and the lever system can be adjusted simultaneously to more accurately convert the weight deduction to the gravity center of the hydraulic actuating cylinder. The mass of the weight block is equal to the sum of the self weights of the hydraulic actuating cylinder and the transverse guide rail beam.
Through the arrangement, the self-following loading of the heading and the lateral load of the landing gear can be realized.
The principle is as follows: first, the control system makes the hydraulic actuator cylinder have a pre-tightening force, when the actuator cylinder does not reach the horizontal level, the component force in the vertical plane generated by the pre-tightening force will make the root of the actuator cylinder move until the actuator cylinder is perpendicular to the guide rail plane (or close to perpendicular, considering the slight friction force between the guide rail and the slide block). When the stroke of the landing gear buffer support column changes or the position of the loading dummy wheel changes due to the test load, the head of the hydraulic actuator cylinder moves along with the dummy wheel, the loading force line is shifted, and the generated component force in the vertical plane causes the hydraulic actuator cylinder to return to the position perpendicular to the vertical plane.
The theoretical error of the method is the component force magnitude in the final residual vertical plane, which is related to the friction coefficient of the guide rail-slide block device, and the friction coefficient is less than 0.003, so the theoretical error is not more than 0.3 percent of the horizontal load.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device which characterized in that: the loading device comprises: the hydraulic support comprises four upright posts (1), eight bearing cross beams (2), eight vertical guide rail beams (4), N transverse guide rail beams (5) and N hydraulic actuating cylinders (7);
four discrete corners of the four upright posts (1) are fixed on the ground, and the four upright posts form four vertexes of a rectangle;
two bearing cross beams (2) are fixed between every two adjacent upright columns (1) in parallel; two vertical guide rail beams (4) are fixed between two parallel bearing cross beams (2) in parallel;
the transverse guide rail beam (5) is connected between two parallel vertical guide rail beams, and the transverse guide rail beam (5) can slide along the vertical guide rail beams in a vertical plane;
the root of the hydraulic actuator cylinder (7) is connected with the inner side of the transverse guide rail beam (5), the head of the hydraulic actuator cylinder (7) is connected with a false wheel of the undercarriage through a force transducer, and the hydraulic actuator cylinder (7) can slide along the transverse guide rail beam in a horizontal plane.
2. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 1, wherein: the loading device further comprises: four weight-deducting cross beams (3) and N weight-deducting units (6);
a weight-fastening beam (3) is fixed between the tops of every two adjacent upright columns (1);
the weight deducting unit (6) is connected with the hydraulic actuating cylinder (7) to offset the dead weight of the hydraulic actuating cylinder (7) and the transverse guide rail beam.
3. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 2, wherein: the weight deduction unit (6) comprises: the device comprises a weight buckle block (601), a pulley assembly (603), a bearing beam (604) and two bearing joints (605);
the two bearing joints (605) are fixed at two ends of the weight-fastening beam (3); the bearing beam (604) is fixed between two bearing joints (605);
the sheave assembly (603) comprises a sheave and a rope; the pulley is fixed on the bearing cross beam, the rope passes around the pulley, one end of the rope is connected with the buckle weight block (601), and the other end of the rope is connected with the hydraulic actuating cylinder (7).
4. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 1, wherein: the vertical guide rail beam (4) comprises: an I-beam (401), a slider-rail assembly (402), and a screw;
a guide rail in the sliding block-guide rail assembly is fixed in the middle of a flange of an I-shaped beam (401) through a screw, and the sliding block can freely slide along the guide rail.
5. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 4, wherein: the transverse guide rail beam (5) comprises: a variable cross-section I-beam (501), a guide rail-slider assembly (502), a first hinge assembly (503), and a second hinge assembly (504);
and two ends of the variable cross-section I-shaped beam (501) are respectively hinged with respective sliding blocks of the two vertical guide rail beams (4) through a first hinge assembly and a second hinge assembly.
6. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 5, wherein: the first and second hinge assemblies are both fixed hinge assemblies (504), the fixed hinge assemblies comprising: two double-lug seats and rolling bearings; the two double lug seats are respectively fixed with the sliding block of the vertical guide rail beam (4) and the end part of the variable cross-section I-shaped beam (501); and the two double-lug seats are hinged through a rolling bearing.
7. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 5, wherein: the first hinge assembly is a fixed hinge assembly, the second hinge assembly is a movable hinge assembly (503), and the movable hinge assembly (503) comprises: the double-lug seat, the hinge rod, the rolling bearing and the joint bearing;
the double-lug seat is fixed with a sliding block of the vertical guide rail beam (4), and the hinged rod is fixed with the end part of the variable cross-section I-shaped beam (501); the hinge rod is hinged with the double-lug seat, a rolling bearing is installed at one end of the hinge rod, and a joint bearing is installed at the other end of the hinge rod.
8. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 3, wherein: the weight deduction unit (6) further comprises: a lever assembly (602); one end of the lever component is connected with the hydraulic actuator cylinder, the other end of the lever component is connected with the transverse guide rail beam, and the middle part of the lever component is connected with the rope of the pulley component; the lever assembly is matched with the weight deducting block to balance the dead weight of the hydraulic actuating cylinder and the transverse guide rail beam.
9. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 8, wherein: the weight of the weight buckling block (601) is equal to the sum of the dead weights of the hydraulic actuating cylinder (7) and the transverse guide rail beam.
10. The landing gear strength test horizontal load loading device of claim 2, wherein: n is more than or equal to 4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110625246.8A CN113212796A (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Horizontal load loading device for undercarriage strength test |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110625246.8A CN113212796A (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Horizontal load loading device for undercarriage strength test |
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| CN113212796A true CN113212796A (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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| CN202110625246.8A Pending CN113212796A (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Horizontal load loading device for undercarriage strength test |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113911390A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-11 | 上海交通大学 | Dynamic synchronous loading test device and method for morphing wing |
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