CN111529527B - 苯甲酰胺类化合物在iap蛋白抑制剂和制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 - Google Patents
苯甲酰胺类化合物在iap蛋白抑制剂和制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种苯甲酰胺类化合物在IAP蛋白抑制剂和制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
背景技术
目前,中国内、外已研发的抗肿瘤药物众多,但传统的化疗药物如紫杉醇、顺铂等在杀伤肿瘤细胞的同时,会对骨髓、消化道、肝、肾、神经系统等多种正常组织带来损害。分子靶向治疗凭借其特异性、有效性强,患者耐受性好,毒副作用相对较低等优势已逐步成为中国内外肿瘤治疗领域的优选及研究热点。
然而,由于靶向治疗价格昂贵,大多尚无仿制药,靶向药物仍然相对缺乏;目前,已上市肿瘤靶向药物的靶标主要包括EGFR、VEGFR-2、HER2、PARP、CDK4/6、BCRA1/2、MET、c-KIT、mTOR、CTLA4、PD1等十余个,但是许多已上市的肿瘤靶向药在临床上已出现耐药。近年来,新的肿瘤驱动基因作为治疗靶标的出现使肿瘤靶向治疗研究精彩纷呈;针对多靶标联合用药对延缓或逆转肿瘤耐药具有重要作用;因此,针对新分子靶点的药物设计和开发具有巨大的临床价值。
有鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的在于提供一种苯甲酰胺类化合物作为IAP蛋白抑制剂的应用,该化合物与IAP蛋白具有较高的亲和性,并能够与IAP蛋白结合,进一步抑制IAP蛋白的功能。
本发明的第二目的在于提供一种IAP蛋白抑制剂,该IAP蛋白抑制剂能够与IAP蛋白结合,有效抑制IAP蛋白的功能。
本发明的第三目的在于提供一种苯甲酰胺类化合物在制备治疗肿瘤疾病药物中的应用,该化合物具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,不仅能够选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞,还能够诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡和抑制肿瘤细胞生长。
本发明的第四目的在于提供一种治疗肿瘤疾病药物,该药物能够杀伤肿瘤,对肿瘤疾病起到缓解症状及治疗的作用。
为了实现本发明的上述目的,特采用以下技术方案:
一种苯甲酰胺类化合物作为IAP蛋白抑制剂的应用,所述化合物具有式I所示的结构:
上述式I所示结构的苯甲酰胺类化合物是一种已知化合物,英文名称为N-(1-{[(1R,9aR)-octahydro-1H-quinolizin-1-yl]methoxy}-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)benzamide;该化合物可以从商业购买得到,本发明所使用的上述化合物是从InterBioScreen公司购买得到。
IAP蛋白家族是一类新的独立于Bcl-2家族的抗凋亡蛋白,是至今发现的惟一一种内源性Caspase蛋白酶抑制剂,在细胞凋亡中发挥重要的调节作用;IAP蛋白家族具体包括c-IAP1/2、XIAP、NIAP、ILP-2、survivin、bruce以及MLIAP;其中c-IAP1/2及XIAP广泛存在于哺乳动物多种组织;
研究显示,c-IAP1/2及XIAP在正常组织中低表达,而在恶性肿瘤中表达明显升高,如乳腺癌、卵巢癌、多发性骨髓瘤、成胶质细胞瘤等,在外周白细胞中不表达;因此,IAP蛋白为潜在的、高度选择性的抗肿瘤靶点;
IAP蛋白家族成员抗凋亡的机制较为类似,主要通过其高度保守的BIR域和Ring结构与caspase蛋白酶结合,抑制caspase 3/7/9活性,从而发挥抗凋亡作用;c-IAP1/2及XIAP都有3个BIR结构域,XIAP发挥抗凋亡作用主要通过BIR3与caspase 9结合,通过BIR2与caspase 3/7结合;c-IAP1/2可通过BIR2结合caspase 3/7;
本发明上述苯甲酰胺类化合物能够与IAP蛋白具有较高的亲和性,并能够与IAP蛋白结合,显著抑制IAP蛋白的功能。
优选地,所述IAP蛋白为XIAP蛋白、c-IAP1蛋白或c-IAP2蛋白。
本发明中苯甲酰胺类化合物能够与XIAP蛋白、c-IAP1蛋白或c-IAP2蛋白的BIR3结构域晶体结构相结合,并形成氢键,并具有较高的亲和性,能够显著抑制XIAP蛋白、c-IAP1蛋白和c-IAP2蛋白的功能;此外,该小分子的苯甲酰胺类化合物稳定性好、活性不易丢失,不易引起抗原反应,并具有高效、低毒、生物利用度好的特点。
本发明第二方面提供一种IAP蛋白抑制剂,所述IAP蛋白抑制剂包含上述化合物。
本发明IAP蛋白抑制剂能够与IAP蛋白结合,有效抑制IAP蛋白的功能。
本发明第三方面提供一种上述苯甲酰胺类化合物在制备治疗肿瘤疾病药物中的应用。
本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,不仅能够选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞,还能够诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡和抑制肿瘤细胞生长。
优选地,所述肿瘤疾病包括肺癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌。
优选地,所述治疗肿瘤疾病药物的剂型为注射剂型或口服剂型。
本发明第四方面提供了一种治疗肿瘤疾病药物,所述治疗肿瘤疾病药物包括治疗有效量的上述化合物。
优选地,还包括药学上可接受的辅料。
本发明对辅料的具体组分不作严格限制,本领域技术人员可以根据药物剂型合理选择;具体地,所述辅料选自硬化剂、止痛剂、崩解剂和吸收剂中的任意一种或多种;
优先地,所述硬化剂选自乙醇、丙二醇、丙三醇和聚乙二醇中的任意一种或多种。
优选地,所述止痛剂选自消炎痛、阿司匹林和罗非昔布中的任意一种或多种。
优选地,所述崩解剂选自羟甲基淀粉钠或交联聚维酮。
优选地,所述吸收剂为硫酸钙或碳酸钙。
优选地,所述治疗肿瘤疾病药物的剂型为注射剂型或口服剂型。
优选地,所述肿瘤疾病包括肺癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果至少包括:
本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物能够与IAP蛋白结合,抑制IAP蛋白的功能,例如,苯甲酰胺类化合物能够与XIAP蛋白、c-IAP1蛋白或c-IAP2蛋白的BIR3结构域晶体结构相结合,并形成氢键,同时具有较高的亲和性,能够显著抑制XIAP蛋白、c-IAP1蛋白和c-IAP2蛋白的功能;此外,该小分子的苯甲酰胺类化合物稳定性好、活性不易丢失,不易引起抗原反应,并具有高效、低毒、生物利用度好的特点。
本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,不仅能够选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞,还能够诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡和抑制肿瘤细胞生长,实现杀灭肿瘤的效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例1提供的采用AutoDock Vina软件进行分子模拟实验的结果图;
图2为本发明实施例2提供的荧光偏振实验的计算的偏振值结果图;
图3为本发明实施例2提供的MTT实验检测不同浓度的苯甲酰胺类化合物对人正常及肿瘤细胞系活性影响的结果图;
图4为本发明实施例3提供的不同浓度的苯甲酰胺类化合物诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡的流式细胞仪检测结果图;
图5为本发明实施例3提供不同浓度的苯甲酰胺类化合物诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡率;
图6为本发明实施例3提供的caspase-3及活化型caspase-3的Western-blot蛋白印迹结果图;
图7为本发明实施例4提供的XIAP的Western-blot蛋白印迹结果图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购买获得的常规产品。
以下各实施例采用的原料和设备如下:
苯甲酰胺类化合物:结构式如式I所示,来源于InterBioScreen公司;
人肺癌H460细胞:由香港中文大学生物医学学院肿瘤生物学与实验治疗研究组提供;
人结直肠癌HCT116及HT29细胞:由香港中文大学生物医学学院肿瘤生物学与实验治疗研究组提供;
人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞:由香港中文大学生物医学学院肿瘤生物学与实验治疗研究组提供;
正常人源上皮细胞(肺、宫颈):来源于实验室利用条件重编程技术原代培养扩增的人源癌旁组织细胞;
酶标仪:型号Cytation3;厂家为美国Bio-Tek;
流式细胞仪:型号BD FACSVerse;厂家为美国BD Biosciences。
实施例1
本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物与IAP蛋白的结合的研究。
1、分子对接
采用AutoDock Vina软件进行分子模拟实验;苯甲酰胺类化合物的结构采用AutoDockTools导出为pdbqt格式;c-IAP1和XIAP BIR3结构域晶体结构(PDB ID:3UW4)从PDB数据库下载;去除所有水及溶剂分子;Gasteiger-Marsili电位添加到蛋白结构,设置对接的盒子大小为坐标[x,y,z=26.375,-20.547,-47.589],其余参数设置为默认;结果从PyMol在线系统(www.pymol.org)中导出;导出结果如图1所示,图1中:红色区域代表负电位;蓝色代表正电位,与苯甲酰胺类化合物分子相互作用的氨基酸残基已在图中标注,虚线代表氢键;
由图1可知,在计算机软件模拟中苯甲酰胺类化合物与c-IAP1和XIAP BIR3结构域晶体结构相结合,并形成氢键。
2、荧光偏振实验
将XIAP(XIAP BIR2/BIR3,15.8/15KDa)、c-IAP1(BIR3,16.0KDa)、c-IAP2(BIR3,15.9KDa)蛋白与5-carboxyflourescein(5-FAM)标记的荧光探针预孵育,再加入不同浓度的苯甲酰胺类化合物(0.000001、0.00001、0.0001、0.001、0.005、0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1、5、10、50、100μM)继续孵育30min后,检测偏振荧光(激发光:485nm;吸收光:530nm),计算偏振值(mP);计算结果如图2所示;
由图2可知,本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物与XIAP/BIR3、cIAP1/BIR3、cIAP2/BIR3有较高的亲和性,Ki值依次为0.23μM、0.30μM和0.51μM;与XIAP/BIR2的Ki值为1.89μM;可见本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物能够与IAP蛋白结合,进一步影响IAP功能。
实施例2
本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物显著抑制人肺癌细胞、人结直肠癌细胞和人乳腺癌细胞的生长。
MTT实验:
将人肿瘤细胞系(包括肺癌H460、结直肠癌HCT116及HT29、乳腺癌MCF-7)于37℃、5%CO2、相对饱和湿度95%的条件下在RPMI 1640完全培养基(含灭活胎牛血清10%、链霉素100μg/mL、青霉素100U/mL)中培养传代;正常人源上皮细胞(肺、宫颈)于条件培养基(含F12基础培养基25%、氢化可的松25ng/mL、EGF 0.125ng/mL、两性霉素B 250ng/mL、庆大霉素10μg/mL、霍乱毒素0.1nM、胰岛素5μg/mL、ROCK抑制剂Y-276324 10μM、余量为DMEM完全培养基)中培养;
取对数期生长的各细胞,按3×103个/孔的密度接种于96孔板中,细胞过夜贴壁;将细胞分为对照组和实验组,实验组给予苯甲酰胺类化合物;将含有不同浓度的(0、0.39、0.78、1.56、3.12、6.25、12.5、25、50μM)苯甲酰胺类化合物的相应培养基加入孔板,继续培养48h后,采用MTT法测定细胞活力:加入5mg/mL MTT,每孔20μL,放入培养箱中,4h后,小心吸出上清,不要将紫黑色结晶吸走,每孔加入DMSO 150μL,摇床上摇动10min,用酶标仪于490nm波长处测吸光度OD值,记录吸光度值,根据细胞活性=实验组OD值/对照组OD值×100%进行计算;计算结果如图3所示;
由图3可知,在人肺癌H460、人结直肠癌HCT116及HT29和人乳腺癌MCF-7中的半数抑制浓度IC50依次为16、17、8、4μM,并且正常人源上皮细胞(肺及宫颈正常上皮细胞)的IC50大于50μM,因此,苯甲酰胺类化合物显著抑制人肺癌H460、人结直肠癌HCT116及HT29和乳腺癌MCF-7细胞系的生长;重要的是,相较于正常人源上皮细胞(肺、宫颈)有更好的选择性,说明苯甲酰胺类化合物具有选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞的作用。
实施例3
本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物显著诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡。
采用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡:
取对数期生长的人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,按2×105个/孔的密度接种于6孔板中,细胞过夜贴壁;配制含苯甲酰胺类化合物0、5、10、15、20μM的RPMI1640完全培养基,分别加入对应孔板;48h后,细胞用0.25%胰酶消化之后离心去上清,用PBS混悬,离心去上清(整个过程动作轻,减少对细胞的损伤,去上清是尽量不要吸取到沉淀,减少细胞的损失);采用Annexin V-FITC/PI试剂盒检测凋亡;每个样品中加入5μL Annexin V-FITC置于黑暗中,室温放置10min,每个样品中加入10μL PI置于黑暗中,室温放置10min,用200目的尼龙网过滤,转移到流式管中,放于冰上,在完成检测之前注意避光;最后,用流式细胞仪检测并定量细胞凋亡,每个样品收集大约10,000个细胞;检测结果如图4、图5所示;
由图4、图5可知,本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物呈剂量依赖性显著诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡。
W estern blot检测凋亡相关蛋白:
取对数期生长的人乳腺癌MCF-7和人结直肠癌HT29细胞,按2×105个/孔的密度接种于6孔板中,细胞过夜贴壁;配制含苯甲酰胺类化合物0、5、10、15、20μM的RPMI 1640完全培养基,分别加入对应孔板;48h后,弃去培养基,用冰PBS洗3次后加入细胞裂解液100μL;收集细胞裂解液,于低温离心机中4℃、12000rpm,离心10min;吸出上清液,进行BCA蛋白定量;调节蛋白浓度,用蛋白上样缓冲液(5×SDS-PAGE)按4:1的比例混匀于95℃中放置5min,使蛋白充分变性;蛋白样本于SDS-PAGE胶中进行电泳分离,转至PVDF膜,膜进一步用5%脱脂牛奶封闭1h,一抗(Anti-caspase-3,#9665,Cell Signaling Technology;anti-cleavedcaspase 3,#9661s,Cell Signaling Technology;anti-GAPDH,#M1310-2,华安生物技术有限公司)按照抗体说明书的比例用5%BSA稀释,4度过夜,一抗孵育完毕之后,用PBST清洗三次,每次10min;二抗(Goat anti-Rabbit IgG HRP,#HA1006,华安生物技术有限公司,或Goat anti-Mouse IgG HRP,#HA1001,华安生物技术有限公司)按照抗体说明书比例用2.5%脱脂牛奶稀释,室温摇床孵育1h,二抗孵育结束后,用PBST清洗三次,将伯乐WesternECL化学发光底物按照1:1的比例配置适量的显影液,置于BIO-RAD ChemiDOCTM ImagingSystem中显影;显影结果如图6所示;
由图6可知,人乳腺癌MCF-7和人结直肠癌HT29细中,采用本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物处理后,cleaved caspase-3蛋白显著增加,证明苯甲酰胺类化合物可激活caspase 3活性,能够诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。
实施例4
本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物抑制IAP蛋白的表达。
Western blot检测IAP蛋白:
取对数期生长的人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,按2×105个/孔的密度接种于6孔板中,细胞过夜贴壁;配制含苯甲酰胺类化合物0、5、10、15、20μM的RPMI 1640完全培养基,分别加入对应孔板,48h后,弃去培养基,用冰PBS洗3次后加入细胞裂解液100μL,收集细胞裂解液,于低温离心机中4℃、12000rpm,离心10min,吸出上清液,进行BCA蛋白定量;调节蛋白浓度,用蛋白上样缓冲液(5×SDS-PAGE)按4:1的比例混匀于95℃中放置5min,使蛋白充分变性,蛋白样本于SDS-PAGE胶中进行电泳分离,转至PVDF膜,膜进一步用5%脱脂牛奶封闭1h,一抗(Anti-XIAP,#14334,Cell Signaling Technology)按照抗体说明书的比例用5%BSA稀释,4度过夜,一抗孵育完毕之后,用PBST清洗三次,每次10min,二抗(Goat anti-Rabbit IgGHRP,#HA1006,华安生物技术有限公司)按照抗体说明书比例用2.5%脱脂牛奶稀释,室温摇床孵育1h,二抗孵育结束后,用PBST清洗三次,将伯乐Western ECL化学发光底物按照1:1的比例配置适量的显影液,置于BIO-RAD ChemiDOCTM Imaging System中显影;显影结果如图7所示;
由图7可知,本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物显著抑制XIAP蛋白的表达。
以上仅是申请人大量研究中的部分实验结果,但已经可以说明:
本发明小分子苯甲酰胺类化合物能够与IAP蛋白结合,抑制IAP蛋白的功能,具体地,苯甲酰胺类化合物能够与XIAP蛋白、c-IAP1蛋白或c-IAP2蛋白的BIR3结构域晶体结构相结合,并形成氢键,同时具有较高的亲和性,能够显著抑制XIAP蛋白、c-IAP1蛋白和c-IAP2蛋白的功能;此外,该小分子的苯甲酰胺类化合物稳定性好、活性不易丢失,不易引起抗原反应,并具有高效、低毒、生物利用度好的特点。
本发明苯甲酰胺类化合物具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,不仅能够选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞,还能够诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡和抑制肿瘤细胞生长,实现杀灭肿瘤的效果。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,但本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
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