CN111517884A - Saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111517884A CN111517884A CN202010286939.4A CN202010286939A CN111517884A CN 111517884 A CN111517884 A CN 111517884A CN 202010286939 A CN202010286939 A CN 202010286939A CN 111517884 A CN111517884 A CN 111517884A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
- C08G12/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- C08G12/10—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with acyclic compounds having the moiety X=C(—N<)2 in which X is O, S or —N
- C08G12/12—Ureas; Thioureas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil modifier and a preparation method thereof. The modifying agent comprises: 50-65 parts of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin, 20-25 parts of calcium activator, 2-5 parts of bentonite, 3-6 parts of humic acid powder and 2-6 parts of composite biological agent; the preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing humic acid, uniformly mixing, and sieving with a 200-mesh and 300-mesh sieve to obtain humic acid powder; mixing calcium activator with the above product, and adding water to water content of 30-50%; adding the composite biological agent into the product, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; adding water-soluble urea-formaldehyde sulfide resin into the mixture; and adding the obtained mixture and bentonite into a granulator to obtain a finished product. The invention has wide raw material source and simple preparation process, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. Tests show that when the optimal process is adopted, the optimal effects that the salinity is reduced by 48 percent, the pH is reduced by 1.0 and the saline-alkali degree of the soil is effectively reduced are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a method for treating saline-alkali soil in coastal areas; in particular to a saline-alkali soil modifier and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a generic term for saline and alkaline earth, including various salinized and alkalized soils. The salinization of soil endangers the growth of crops and thus the productivity of the soil is reduced, mainly because the osmotic pressure of soil solution is too high, which leads to physiological drought of crops, and the harm of alkaline substances to plants is not negligible, especially because the existence of excessive exchangeable sodium causes a series of adverse effects on the soil, and the agricultural productivity and sustainable development of the salinized soil are severely limited. Saline-alkali soil is an important soil resource of construction land, agricultural land and ecological land in coastal areas, but vegetation resource on the saline-alkali soil is rare, the ecological environment is fragile, the agricultural yield is low and unstable, the construction of characteristic agricultural parks such as ecological agricultural science and technology parks in the coastal areas and the development of regional urban modern agriculture are greatly influenced, and the smooth implementation of the coordination development strategy of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry production and urban and rural construction is severely restricted. The area of saline soil in China is about 9913 hectares, the saline soil is a valuable reserve land resource, and with the continuous reduction of available land resources, the searched effective measures for preventing and improving saline-alkali soil areas are particularly important, and the saline-alkali soil needs to be improved in a targeted manner.
The measures for improving the saline-alkali soil at home and abroad mainly comprise biological improvement, engineering improvement and chemical improvement, the biological improvement generally comprises measures such as plant planting, microorganism improvement and the like, the purpose of improvement is mainly achieved by utilizing saline-alkali tolerant organisms to absorb saline-alkali components and further treating, the required period is long, and the effect is not obvious; the engineering improvement generally comprises measures of pipeline drainage, laying of an isolation layer, soil replacement, irrigation and salt washing and the like, has obvious effect but high cost, and is not beneficial to large-scale use; the chemical improvement is that some chemicals are added to combine with saline alkali components in soil, so as to reduce or lose toxicity, and the chemical improvement has low cost and easy use, and is suitable for wide-range use.
It is known from the literature that the currently used saline-alkali soil improvers mainly comprise four types. The first type is calcium-containing substances such as gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium chloride, calcium superphosphate and the like; the other is acid substances such as sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, ferrous sulfate, ammonium sulfate and the like; the third kind is weathered coal, peat and other natural organic matters; the fourth category is artificially synthesized soil conditioners. Although the variety is more, relatively mature products which are popularized in a large area are not available in the market.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a modifier for removing high-salt and high-alkali components in saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof, so as to improve the saline-alkali soil in coastal areas and improve the land utilization rate.
The water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin is a water-soluble polymer chelating agent containing sulfur groups, and experiments show that the water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin has certain characteristics of stabilizing saline-alkali substances, and has more obvious use effect after being mixed with other substances through experiments. The synthesis process comprises hydroxymethylation and methylenation, and the chemical formula of the product is as follows:
the invention firstly provides a saline-alkali soil modifier, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the calcium activator comprises at least two of gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium chloride and calcium superphosphate; the calcium activator content is on average.
The composite biological agent comprises at least two of bifidobacterium, bacillus subtilis, EM bacteria and yeast; the content of the composite biological agent is average.
Preferably, the saline-alkali soil modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight
The invention also provides a preparation method of the saline-alkali soil improver, which comprises the following steps:
1) crushing humic acid, uniformly mixing, and sieving with a 200-mesh and 300-mesh sieve to obtain humic acid powder;
2) mixing a calcium activator with the product obtained in the step 1), and adding water to ensure that the water content is 30-50%;
3) adding the composite biological agent into the product obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
4) adding water-soluble urea-formaldehyde sulfide resin into the mixture obtained in the step 3) to obtain a mixture;
5) adding the mixture obtained in the step 4) and bentonite into a granulator to obtain a finished product.
Tests show that when the optimal process is adopted, the optimal effects that the salinity is reduced by 48 percent, the pH is reduced by 1.0 and the saline-alkali degree of the soil is effectively reduced are achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an organic saline-alkali soil modifier, which has wide raw material source and simple preparation process and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. The modifier contains a large number of functional groups, such as nitrogen-containing functional groups, hydroxyl, thioamide and the like, and is a macromolecular substance, the functional groups can be combined with a large number of saline-alkali components to form a complex substance, so that the toxic action of saline-alkali substances in research is reduced, the saline-alkali substances can be wrapped by the large molecular weight, the toxicity of the saline-alkali substances can be reduced, and the growth of plants is facilitated. Meanwhile, under the leaching action of the soil water solution, saline-alkali components are continuously flushed into the deep soil, so that the influence on the surface soil is reduced. In addition, the modifier contains nitrogen element, can provide necessary nutrient substances for plants, accelerates the growth of the plants, enhances the leaching effect on salt-containing components, and accelerates the removal of saline-alkali substances.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below:
example 1
Provides a water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin saline-alkali soil modifier and a preparation method thereof.
The material consists of the following materials in percentage by weight: 60 parts of water-soluble thiourea aldehyde resin, 20 parts of calcium activator, 3 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of humic acid powder and 3 parts of composite biological agent; the calcium activator is selected from three of phosphogypsum, calcium superphosphate and calcium chloride (the content is 1:1:1), and the composite biological agent is selected from EM (effective microorganisms), bifidobacteria and saccharomycetes (the content is 1:1: 1).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing 4 parts of humic acid, uniformly mixing, and sieving with a 200-mesh and 300-mesh sieve to obtain humic acid powder;
2) taking 20 parts of calcification agent, mixing with the product of 1), and adding quantitative water to make the water content be 40%;
3) adding 3 parts of the composite biological agent into the product obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
4) adding 60 parts of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde sulfide resin into the mixture in the step 3) to obtain a mixture;
5) adding the mixture obtained in the step 4) and 3 parts of bentonite into a granulator to obtain a finished product.
The salt and alkali component experiment of the synthetic modifier shows that the salt content in the soil is reduced by 48 percent, and the pH value of the soil is reduced by 1.0 unit.
Example 2
Provides a water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin saline-alkali soil modifier and a preparation method thereof. The material consists of the following materials in percentage by weight: 50 parts of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin, 25 parts of calcium activator, 2 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of humic acid powder and 2 parts of composite biological agent; the calcium activator is selected from Gypsum Fibrosum and calcium superphosphate (content 1:1), and the composite biological agent is selected from Bacillus bifidus and Bacillus subtilis (content 1: 1).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing 3 parts of humic acid, uniformly mixing, and sieving with a 200-mesh and 300-mesh sieve to obtain humic acid powder;
2) taking 25 parts of calcification agent, mixing with the product of 1), and adding quantitative water to make the water content be 30%;
3) adding 2 parts of the composite biological agent into the product obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
4) adding 50 parts of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde sulfide resin into the mixture in the step 3) to obtain a mixture;
5) adding the mixture obtained in the step 4) and 2 parts of bentonite into a granulator to obtain a finished product.
The salt and alkali component experiment of the synthetic modifier shows that the salt content in the soil is reduced by 25 percent, and simultaneously the pH value of the soil is reduced by 0.3 unit.
Example 3
Provides a water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin saline-alkali soil modifier and a preparation method thereof. The material consists of the following materials in percentage by weight: 65 parts of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin, 23 parts of calcium activator, 5 parts of bentonite, 6 parts of humic acid powder and 6 parts of composite biological agent; the calcium activator is gypsum and phosphogypsum (content: 1), and the composite biological agent is bifidobacterium and saccharomycete (content: 1).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing 6 parts of humic acid, uniformly mixing, and sieving with a 200-mesh and 300-mesh sieve to obtain humic acid powder;
2) taking 23 parts of calcification agent, mixing with the product of 1), and adding quantitative water to make the water content be 50%;
3) adding 6 parts of the composite biological agent into the product obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
4) adding 65 parts of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde sulfide resin to the mixture of 3) to obtain a mixture;
5) adding the mixture obtained in the step 4) and 5 parts of bentonite into a granulator to obtain a finished product.
The salt and alkali component experiment of the synthetic modifier shows that the salt content in the soil is reduced by 38 percent, and simultaneously the pH value of the soil is reduced by 0.7 unit.
Example 4
Provides a water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin saline-alkali soil modifier and a preparation method thereof. The material consists of the following materials in percentage by weight: 55 parts of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin, 24 parts of calcium activator, 4 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of humic acid powder and 5 parts of composite biological agent; the calcium activator is selected from three of gypsum, calcium chloride and phosphogypsum (content: 1:1), and the composite biological agent is selected from Bacillus subtilis and yeast (content: 1: 1).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing 4 parts of humic acid, uniformly mixing, and sieving with a 200-mesh and 300-mesh sieve to obtain humic acid powder;
2) mixing 24 parts of calcification agent with the product of 1), and adding quantitative water to make the water content be 45%;
3) adding 5 parts of the composite biological agent into the product obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
4) adding 55 parts of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde sulfide resin into the mixture in the step 3) to obtain a mixture;
5) adding the mixture obtained in the step 4) and 4 parts of bentonite into a granulator to obtain a finished product.
The salt and alkali component experiment of the synthetic modifier shows that the salt content in the soil is reduced by 35 percent, and simultaneously the pH value of the soil is reduced by 0.8 unit.
The saline-alkali soil improving agent and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have been described by way of example, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the technology of the invention can be implemented by modifying or appropriately changing and combining the preparation method described herein without departing from the content, spirit and scope of the invention. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the spirit, scope and content of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The saline-alkali soil improver is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
2. improver according to claim 1, characterized in that the calcium activator comprises at least two of gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium chloride, superphosphate.
3. Improver according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex biological agent comprises at least two of bifidobacteria, bacillus subtilis, EM bacteria and yeasts.
4. The improver as set forth in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
5. improver according to claim 2, characterized in that the calcium activator content is on average.
6. The improver according to claim 3, wherein the content of the complex biological agent is on average.
7. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil conditioner of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) crushing humic acid, uniformly mixing, and sieving with a 200-mesh and 300-mesh sieve to obtain humic acid powder;
2) mixing a calcium activator with the product obtained in the step 1), and adding water to ensure that the water content is 30-50%;
3) adding the composite biological agent into the product obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
4) adding water-soluble urea-formaldehyde sulfide resin into the mixture obtained in the step 3) to obtain a mixture;
5) adding the mixture obtained in the step 4) and bentonite into a granulator to obtain a finished product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010286939.4A CN111517884A (en) | 2020-04-13 | 2020-04-13 | Saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010286939.4A CN111517884A (en) | 2020-04-13 | 2020-04-13 | Saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101012380A (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2007-08-08 | 魏凤巢 | Salination soil modifying agent composition and use thereof |
| CN104761416A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-07-08 | 五原县润泽生物科技有限责任公司 | Biochemical conditioner capable of improving saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108484337A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-09-04 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of saline-alkali soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109521179A (en) * | 2018-10-06 | 2019-03-26 | 天津大学 | A method of soil function during evaluation thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil |
| US20200055793A1 (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2020-02-20 | Khanh Le | Soil enhancement |
-
2020
- 2020-04-13 CN CN202010286939.4A patent/CN111517884A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101012380A (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2007-08-08 | 魏凤巢 | Salination soil modifying agent composition and use thereof |
| CN104761416A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-07-08 | 五原县润泽生物科技有限责任公司 | Biochemical conditioner capable of improving saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof |
| US20200055793A1 (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2020-02-20 | Khanh Le | Soil enhancement |
| CN108484337A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-09-04 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of saline-alkali soil modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109521179A (en) * | 2018-10-06 | 2019-03-26 | 天津大学 | A method of soil function during evaluation thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国材料研究学会，黄伯云 等: "《中国战略性新兴产业 新材料 环境工程材料》", 30 November 2018, 中国铁道出版社 * |
| 王晓洋等: "不同改良剂与石膏配施对滨海盐渍土的改良效果研究", 《水土保持通报》 * |
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