CN109521179A - A method of soil function during evaluation thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
A method of soil function during evaluation thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of soil function during evaluation thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil.This method selects heavy-metal contaminated soil first, thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde passivator is added in heavy-metal contaminated soil, it arises from from addition and is sampled 4-6 times in the 1-24 days intervals, the leaching concentration of heavy metal in difference testing soil, while the activity of testing soil invertase, urase, phosphatase.Using the leaching concentration of heavy metal as independent variable, soil saccharase, urase, phosphatase activity are respectively that dependent variable draws relation curve, obtain the dose-effect relationship of heavy metal and enzymatic activity.It selects the dose-effect relationship of heavy metal and enzymatic activity stronger, i.e., is reduced and the soil enzyme of enzymatic activity enhancing with content of beary metal, the biomarker as the heavy-metal contaminated soil.The activity value of the corresponding enzyme when heavy metal concentration is reduced to standard value, the recovery of performance benchmark as the heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil field more particularly to a kind of evaluation of soil enzyme activities are water-soluble
The evaluation method of soil function during thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil.
Background technique
Because heavy-metal contaminated soil has toxic, concealment, chronicity, bioaccumulation and irreversibility etc. special
Point seriously affects safety of soil environment and human health, so the soil remediation control of heavy metal pollution is by extensive
Concern.Treatment process more commonly used at present is curing/stabilizing method, and thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde passivator can be heavy metal ion
It is converted into stable form, has the advantages that efficient, cheap, increase-volume is small in terms of soil solidification/stabilisation reparation.
In the repair process of heavy-metal contaminated soil, simple heavy metal concentration reduces the items that can not illustrate soil
Function is repaired.The document about curing/stabilizing restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal reported at present is concentrated mainly on pair
The research of passivator curing efficiency, but less for the Changeement of soil function during contaminated soil remediation, this is just very
The degree hard to say for understanding soil remediation.Therefore, it is highly important for selecting a kind of Remediation criterion.Soil enzyme takes part in the hair of soil
Raw and development and formation and the evolution of soil fertility overall process, at the same soil enzyme activities be measure Soil fertility and
The important indicator of soil health.Heavy metal itself can generate inhibiting effect to soil enzyme activities, after passivator curing heavy metal,
Soil enzyme activities is likely to be obtained recovery.So enzymatic activity is to evaluate an important indicator of soil function.For a kind of passivator
For, it is applied to after soil if the variation of soil function during its curing heavy metal contaminated soil can be determined,
More comprehensively to illustrate its repairing effect to soil.
Summary of the invention
Soil enzyme takes part in the overall process of generation and the development and the formation of soil fertility and evolution of soil, selects soil
Biomarker of the enzyme as contaminated soil remediation.The type of soil enzyme is relatively more, and invertase is that one kind can be in soil
High molecular weight sucrose molecule is decomposed to the hydrolase of the glucose being absorbed and utilized by plant and edaphon and fructose, is
Geobiont body provides the abundant energy, and the active reaction rule of soil organic matter accumulation and decomposition and inversion controls soil
Carbon cycle；Urase is the common name of urea amido hydrolase, be it is a kind of by amide state organic nitrogen compound hydrolysis be plant
The enzyme for the inorganic nitrogen compound that can be directly absorbed and utilized, its activity can reflect soil-tillage system level and energy in some aspects
Nitrogen cycle system has close ties in power, with soil；Soil phosphorus loss can promote organic phosphorus compound to decompose and by polyphosphoric acid
Salt hydrolysis is that orthophosphates supplies crop absorption, plays an important role, promotes during the biochemical cycles of soil phosphorus
Absorption of the crop to Organic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase activities are the indexs for evaluating soil phosphorus bioconversion direction and intensity.
Therefore invertase, urase, alkaline phosphatase respectively represent carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus circulation in soil, for measure Soil fertility and
The important indicator of soil health selects these three enzymes as the index for measuring contaminated soil remediation.
The effect of passivator is chelated or is complexed into stable Heavy Metals with heavy metal in soil, to reduce a huge sum of money
The ionic state of category.With the reduction of heavy metal bio-available Zn concentration, the inhibiting effect generated to Enzyme Activities in Soils can also be reduced,
Enzymatic activity should enhance therewith.But the dose-effect relationship of different heavy metals and variety classes enzyme is not quite similar, and needs to pass through
Compare the relation curve of different heavy metal concentrations and enzymatic activity, therefrom selects strongest with the heavy metal dosage-effect relation
Biomarker of the enzyme as the heavy-metal contaminated soil.When heavy metal concentration is reduced to standard value, corresponding enzymatic activity
Value, the Remediation criterion as the heavy-metal contaminated soil performance.That is the soil of certain heavy metal pollution, when it is selected as biomarker
When the enzymatic activity of object reaches Remediation criterion, that is, think that the ecological performance of the soil is repaired.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind for evaluating soil during Lauxite curing heavy metal contaminated soil
The method of recovery of performance, for determining that thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde is used as the soil function repairing effect of soil heavy metal passivant.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A method of for evaluating soil function during thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil, including it is as follows
Step:
1) soil for selecting heavy metal pollution, determines one of which heavy metal, and thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde is added thereto to soil
Middle heavy metal is passivated；Interval sampling in the 1-24 days 4-6 times is arised from from passivator is added, respectively heavy metal in testing soil
Leaching concentration；
2) activity of enzyme selected in soil is measured；Soil enzyme selects invertase, urase and phosphatase；In each test soil
In earth while Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration, the activity of enzyme selected in soil is measured；
3) using the leaching concentration of heavy metal as independent variable x, the enzymatic activity of three kinds of soil enzymes is respectively that dependent variable y draws scatterplot
Figure, fits corresponding linear relationship curve y=ax+b for institute's invocation point, and obtain its coefficient of determinationCoefficient of determination illustrates that the dose-effect relationship of heavy metal and enzymatic activity is stronger closer to 1；
4) selection reduces and increased activity and the enzyme best with heavy metal concentration correlation with heavy metal concentration, heavy as this
The biomarker of metallic pollution soil remediation selects enzyme activity of the biomarker when the heavy metal reaches pollution norms limit value
Standard of the property as the heavy-metal contaminated soil recovery of performance.
The phosphatase is selected according to the pH of measurement soil activation, if measurement soil pH soil is acidity, phosphatase selection
Acid phosphatase；If soil is alkalinity, phosphatase selects alkaline phosphatase；If soil is neutrality, phosphatase selects neutral phosphoric acid
Enzyme.
The coefficient of determination R2Excel table can be directly entered data into, linear trend is added to data, and choose
" display R-squared value on chart " obtains.It is convenient and efficient.
The present invention has the advantages that
1, the present invention is applied to after environment as novel heavy metal passivator to curing heavy metal suitable for thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde
The assessment of soil function reparation in the process, soil saccharase, urase, phosphatase respectively represent carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus circulation in soil,
Select these three enzymes as the biomarker of heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation, it can be more living than more comprehensively expressing soil biology
Property, it is generally the case that the repairing effect of passivator only focuses on heavy metals immobilization rate, not can reflect the reparation feelings of soil function
Condition is selected an evaluation criterion of the soil enzyme activities being present in soil as soil function reparation in itself, can more be embodied blunt
The repairing effect of agent.
2, the standard of heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation is usually relatively simple, only focuses on steady in solidification of the passivator to heavy metal
Surely change situation, not can reflect the reparation situation of soil function, and the present invention uses heavy metal concentration with a variety of enzymatic activitys one
With measurement assessment, and compare the reparation base for finding out the corresponding enzymatic activity value of the strongest enzyme of dose-effect relationship as soil function
Standard repairs result more fully, more representative, the soil function symbolized is more reliable compared to single standard.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the result of variations that certain thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde solidifies soil enzyme activities during Pb contaminated soil in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the result of variations that certain thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde solidifies soil enzyme activities during Cu contaminated soil in embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the result of variations that certain thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde solidifies soil enzyme activities during Cd contaminated soil in embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
The method embodiment of soil function, implements below during measurement thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil
Mode and embodiment are intended to further illustrate the present invention, rather than limitation of the invention.
Specific step is as follows:
1) soil for selecting heavy metal pollution determines one of which heavy metal, suitable thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde is added thereto
Heavy metal in soil is passivated.Interval sampling in the 1-24 days 4-6 times is arised from from passivator is added, respectively weight in testing soil
The leaching concentration of metal；
2) soil pH is measured, if soil is acidity, soil enzyme selects invertase, urase and acid phosphatase；If soil is
Neutrality, soil enzyme select invertase, urase and Soil neutral phosphatase；If soil is alkalinity, soil enzyme selects invertase, urase and alkali
Acid phosphatase in each testing soil while Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration, measures the activity of enzyme selected in soil；
3) using the leaching concentration of heavy metal as independent variable x, the enzymatic activity of three kinds of soil enzymes is respectively that dependent variable y draws scatterplot
Figure, fits corresponding linear relationship curve y=ax+b for institute's invocation point, and obtain its coefficient of determinationThis programme adds linear trend using Excel software, and chooses " display R-squared value on chart " and obtain
Out), coefficient of determination illustrates that the dose-effect relationship of heavy metal and enzymatic activity is stronger closer to 1；
4) selection reduces and increased activity and the enzyme best with heavy metal concentration correlation with heavy metal concentration, heavy as this
The biomarker of metallic pollution soil remediation selects enzyme activity of the biomarker when the heavy metal reaches pollution norms limit value
Standard of the property as the heavy-metal contaminated soil recovery of performance.
Embodiment 1:
1) Pb contaminated soil 100g is selected, the thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde that 2wt% is added thereto is passivated, from addition passivator
Arise from the leaching concentration and soil enzyme activities of Pb in the 1,3,7,13,24th day difference testing soil；
2) soil pH is neutrality, in each testing soil while Pb leaching concentration, measures invertase, urase in soil
With the activity of Soil neutral phosphatase；
3) using the leaching concentration of Pb as independent variable x, the enzymatic activity of three kinds of soil enzymes is respectively that dependent variable y draws scatter plot,
Institute's invocation point is fitted into corresponding linear relationship curve y=ax+b, and obtains its coefficient of determination R2(this programme is soft using Excel
Part adds linear trend, and chooses " display R-squared value on chart " and obtain), the result is shown in Figure 1；
4) as seen from the figure, three kinds of enzymatic activitys are increased with the reduction of Pb concentration, are showed good docs-effect and are closed
System, and Pb concentration and soil urease liveness correlation highest (R2Value is closest to 1), so selecting urase as Pb Polluted Soil
The biomarker of earth reparation, situation, selects urase to reach heavy metal pollution of soil secondary standard limit in Pb content according to demand
It is worth the 10 μ gg of urease activity when (300ppm)-1·h-1Standard as the Pb contaminated soil recovery of performance.
Embodiment 2:
1) Cu contaminated soil 200g is selected, the thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde that 2wt% is added thereto is passivated, from addition passivator
Arise from the leaching concentration and soil enzyme activities of Cu in the 1,3,7,13,24th day difference testing soil；
2) soil pH is alkalinity, in each testing soil while Cu leaching concentration, measures invertase, urase in soil
With the activity of alkaline phosphatase；
3) using the leaching concentration of Cu as independent variable x, the enzymatic activity of three kinds of soil enzymes is respectively that dependent variable y draws scatter plot,
Institute's invocation point is fitted into corresponding linear relationship curve y=ax+b, and obtains its coefficient of determination R2(this programme is soft using Excel
Part adds linear trend, and chooses " display R-squared value on chart " and obtain), as a result see Fig. 2；
4) as seen from the figure, three kinds of enzymatic activitys are increased with the reduction of Cu concentration, are showed good docs-effect and are closed
System, and Cu concentration and soil invertase activity correlation highest (R2Value is closest to 1), so select invertase dirty as Cu
The biomarker of soil remediation is contaminated, according to demand situation, invertase is selected to reach heavy metal pollution of soil three-level in Cu content
Sucrase active 0.65mgg when standard limited value (400ppm)-1Standard as the Cu contaminated soil recovery of performance.
Embodiment 3:
1) Cd contaminated soil 200g is selected, the thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde that 2wt% is added thereto is passivated, from addition passivator
Arise from the leaching concentration and soil enzyme activities of Cu in the 1,3,7,13,24th day difference testing soil；
2) soil pH is acidity, in each testing soil while Cd leaching concentration, measures invertase, urase in soil
With the activity of acid phosphatase；
3) using the leaching concentration of Cd as independent variable x, the enzymatic activity of three kinds of soil enzymes is respectively that dependent variable y draws scatter plot,
Institute's invocation point is fitted into corresponding linear relationship curve y=ax+b, and obtains its coefficient of determination R2(this programme is soft using Excel
Part adds linear trend, and chooses " display R-squared value on chart " and obtain), as a result see Fig. 3；
4) as seen from the figure, three kinds of enzymatic activitys are increased with the reduction of Cu concentration, are showed good docs-effect and are closed
System, and Cd concentration and soil saccharase correlation highest (R2Value is closest to 1), so selecting invertase as Cd Polluted Soil
The biomarker of earth reparation, situation, selects invertase to reach heavy metal pollution of soil grade III Standard in Cd content according to demand
Sucrase active 0.78mgg when limit value (1.0ppm)-1Standard as the Cd contaminated soil recovery of performance.
One kind provided by the invention is repaired for soil function during evaluating thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil
A kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil is added in heavy-metal contaminated soil, to soil in thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde passivator by multiple method
In heavy metal stablized, from be added passivator arise from heavy metal in the 1st, 3,7,13,24 day difference soil sampling testing soil
Leaching concentration.Soil pH is measured, if soil is acidity, soil enzyme selects invertase, urase and acid phosphatase；If soil is
Neutrality, soil enzyme select invertase, urase and Soil neutral phosphatase；If soil is alkalinity, soil enzyme selects invertase, urase and alkali
Acid phosphatase in each testing soil while Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration, measures the activity of enzyme selected in soil.With a huge sum of money
The leaching concentration of category is independent variable x, and the enzymatic activity of three kinds of soil enzymes is respectively that dependent variable y draws scatter plot, and institute's invocation point is fitted
Corresponding linear relationship curve y=ax+b out, and obtain its coefficient of determination R2(wherein R=1-SSE/SST, SSE are residuals squares
With SST is total sum of squares), coefficient of determination illustrates that the dose-effect relationship of heavy metal and enzymatic activity is stronger closer to 1.Choosing
Select with content of beary metal reduce and increased activity, and with the strongest soil enzyme of the dose-effect relationship of heavy metal, it is heavy as this
The biomarker of metallic pollution soil.When heavy metal concentration is reduced to standard value, obtained by linear relationship curve corresponding
The enzymatic activity value, the recovery of performance benchmark as the heavy-metal contaminated soil.
The method of soil function reparation during evaluation thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil proposed by the present invention,
Be described by embodiment, related technical personnel obviously can not depart from the content of present invention, in spirit and scope to this
Production method described in text is modified or appropriate changes and combinations, Lai Shixian this method.In particular, it should be pointed out that Suo Youxiang
Similar replacement and change is apparent to those skilled in the art, they are considered as being included in essence of the invention
In mind, range and content.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for evaluating soil function during thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil, it is characterized in that:
Include the following steps:
1) soil for selecting heavy metal pollution, determines one of which heavy metal, and thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde is added thereto to weight in soil
Metal is passivated；Interval sampling in the 1-24 days 4-6 times is arised from from passivator is added, the leaching of heavy metal in difference testing soil
Concentration；
2) activity of enzyme selected in soil is measured；Soil enzyme selects invertase, urase and phosphatase；In each testing soil
While Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration, the activity of enzyme selected in soil is measured；
3) using the leaching concentration of heavy metal as independent variable x, the enzymatic activity of three kinds of soil enzymes is respectively that dependent variable y draws scatter plot,
Institute's invocation point is fitted into corresponding linear relationship curve y=ax+b, and obtains its coefficient of determination
Coefficient of determination illustrates that the dose-effect relationship of heavy metal and enzymatic activity is stronger closer to 1；
4) selection reduces and increased activity and the enzyme best with heavy metal concentration correlation with heavy metal concentration, as the heavy metal
The biomarker of contaminated soil remediation selects enzymatic activity of the biomarker when the heavy metal reaches pollution norms limit value to make
For the standard of the heavy-metal contaminated soil recovery of performance.
2. the method as described in claim 1 measures soil pH it is characterized in that phosphatase is selected according to the pH of measurement soil activation
If soil is acidity, phosphatase selects acid phosphatase；If soil is alkalinity, phosphatase selects alkaline phosphatase；If soil is
Neutrality, phosphatase select Soil neutral phosphatase.
3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that coefficient of determination R2Excel table can be directly entered data into, data are added
Add linear trend, and chooses " display R-squared value on chart " and obtain.
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| CN111517884A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-11 | 天津大学 | Saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN112845574A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-05-28 | 天津泰姆生态环境科技有限公司 | Farmland soil restoration and treatment method |
| CN114235727A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-25 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Ecological assessment method for remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated soil |
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