CN106706839A - Method for representing soil heavy metal pollution by using soil catalase - Google Patents
Method for representing soil heavy metal pollution by using soil catalase Download PDFInfo
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- CN106706839A CN106706839A CN201510441182.0A CN201510441182A CN106706839A CN 106706839 A CN106706839 A CN 106706839A CN 201510441182 A CN201510441182 A CN 201510441182A CN 106706839 A CN106706839 A CN 106706839A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of early warning methods for soil heavy metal pollution, in particular to a method for representing soil heavy metal pollution by using soil catalase. The method comprises the following steps: a, collecting a soil ample; b, pretreating the soil sample; c, measuring soil catalase activity; d, evaluating the degree of the soil heavy metal pollution according to the magnitude of catalase activity. According to the method for representing soil heavy metal pollution by using soil catalase disclosed by the invention, the pollution degree of soil in specific areas is represented quickly by using the change of the catalase activity, and a technical support is provided for subsequent prevention of soil heavy metal pollution.
Description
Technical field
Soil is utilized the present invention relates to the method for early warning technical field of heavy metal pollution of soil, more particularly to one kind
The method that catalase characterizes heavy metal pollution of soil.
Background technology
Mining, smelting, processing, generating, waste leakage and the burning of fossil fuel are water body and agricultural land soil
The main cause of heavy metal pollution, it is different from organic pollution, and heavy metal is typically in soil and water body
What immutable, non-degradable and persistence were present, therefore serious threat ecological safety and health.Arrive
So far, many edaphon parameters such as soil microbial biomass C, soil microbial biomass N, basis are exhaled
Suction, biological community structure etc. are all utilized as indicating an index of soil quality.But characterize above-mentioned finger
Calibration method is required for relatively expensive equipment, and step is also relatively cumbersome, in addition to the technology of operating personnel
Capability Requirement is also higher.Therefore, it is one by determining pollution of the change of soil enzyme vigor to characterize heavy metal
Plant quick, simple, cheap method.Increasing research in recent years starts to evaluate soil using enzyme activity
Loamy texture amount and Environmental Health.
The circulation of all kinds of redox reactions of soil enzyme participation and nutriment, especially C, N and P's
Circulation.It has been reported that may participate in C circulation amylase, arylsulfatase, cellulase, β-Portugal
Polyglycoside enzyme, acetyl glucosaminidase and invertase；Participate in the protease and urase of N circulations；Participate in
The phosphatase of organic phosphorus compound conversion has been used for indicating specific environmental pollution, but because difference is come
The incomplete same moreover different research of the response of the pedotheque in source its soil enzyme activities heavy metal ion
Result is also not quite similar.At present not yet find it is a kind of can simple, general, wide spectrum characterized heavy metal from
The enzyme of sub- pollution level, which also limits the development of the technology.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are the deficiency for overcoming prior art, there is provided one kind utilizes soil
The method that catalase characterizes heavy metal pollution of soil, it is quickly characterized with the change of catalase activity
The pollution level of specific region soil, for follow-up heavy metal pollution of soil preventing and treating provides technical support.
What the method that a kind of utilization Soil fixed NH_4+ that the present invention is provided characterizes heavy metal pollution of soil was used
Main technical schemes are：It is comprised the following steps：
The collection of a, pedotheque；
The pretreatment of b, pedotheque；
The measure of c, Activity of Catalase in Soil；
D, according to catalase activity size evaluate heavy metal pollution of soil degree.
The method that a kind of utilization Soil fixed NH_4+ that the present invention is provided characterizes heavy metal pollution of soil is also used
Following attached technical scheme：
When the pedotheque of specific region is gathered in step a, the vegetation of aerial part, collection 1~20 must be removed
The topsoil of centimeters, and the same area at least gathers 3 biology repeat samples.
The preprocess method of pedotheque, comprises the following steps in step b：
1) two conical flask with stopper of identical capacity are taken, to adding a certain amount of soil in a conical flask with stopper
Sample, another conical flask with stopper is not added with pedotheque as control sample, and phase is added to two conical flask with stopper
The toluene of same amount simultaneously shakes up, and is placed in 25~35min in 3~5 DEG C of refrigerators；
2) conical flask with stopper is taken out, quickly to the H that same amount of 3% is added in two conical flask with stopper2O2Water
Solution, 1h in 3~5 DEG C of refrigerators is placed in after fully mixing again；
3) conical flask with stopper is taken out again, to the sulfuric acid solution that same amount of 2M is added in two conical flask with stopper,
It is well mixed, filter respectively, obtain pedotheque filtrate and control sample filtrate is stand-by.
The assay method of Activity of Catalase in Soil, comprises the following steps in step c：
Step one, the pedotheque filtrate and control sample filtrate for measuring same volume is separately added into two triangular flasks
In, it is molten to the sulfuric acid that the distilled water of same volume and the 2M of same volume are sequentially added into two triangular flasks
Liquid, is well mixed, stand-by；
Step 2, pedotheque liquid that titration step one prepares and right is distinguished with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.02M
According to sample liquid, it is in pale red to be titrated to solution, and 30s is colour-fast, as reaction end；
Step 3, the titration according to control sample and pedotheque is poor, obtains equivalent to the H for decomposing2O2Amount
The amount of the potassium permanganate for being consumed, potassium permanganate consumption is bigger, and catalase activity is lower.
Described refers to be adopted according to each site according to Activity of Catalase in Soil evaluation heavy metal pollution of soil degree
Collect the activity of catalase in pedotheque to judge the heavy metal pollution of soil situation in the site, soil-like
Catalase activity change is more notable in product, and the heavy metal in soil pollution in the site is more serious.
The volume number of the 0.1M liquor potassic permanganates that the activity of the Soil fixed NH_4+ is consumed with every gram of soil
Represent, the liquor potassic permanganate volume is calculated with milliliter.
Step 1) described in toluene addition for soil quality 8.7%.
Step 2) described in H2O2Addition for soil quality 15%.
Step 3) described in sulfuric acid addition for soil quality 98%.
The volume ratio of the sulfuric acid solution of filtrate described in step one, distilled water and 2M is 1: 5: 5.
The present invention is using the beneficial effect of method that Soil fixed NH_4+ characterizes heavy metal pollution of soil：
Utilization Soil fixed NH_4+ of the invention characterizes the method for heavy metal pollution of soil with catalase activity
The quick pollution level for characterizing specific region soil of change, for follow-up heavy metal pollution of soil preventing and treating provides skill
Art is supported；Additionally, the present invention using method that Soil fixed NH_4+ characterizes heavy metal pollution of soil it is quick,
The features such as simple to operate, low cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is various concentrations Cd, Pb in Activity of Catalase in Soil in embodiment 1,2 and 3 and soil
With the graph of a relation of Zn.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
Untainted agricultural land soil is taken, the background values of heavy metal in soil is Cd 0.14mg/kg, Cu
21.01mg/kg, Pb 19.1mg/kg and Zn 83.67mg/kg.Soil moisture content is 15%, and every one
It carries out spray and keeps soil moisture content stabilization.Take 300g soil respectively with 0mg/Kg, 10mg/Kg,
5 kinds of Pb of different gradients of 100mg/Kg, 1000mg/Kg and 10000mg/Kg, 30 are processed at 30 DEG C
My god (Pb of each gradient processes 4 pedotheques in same site simultaneously), so as to evaluate heavy metal to soil
The ecotoxicological effect of earth activity of catalase.
Two conical flask with stopper of identical capacity are taken, to 5g pedotheques are added in a conical flask with stopper, separately
One conical flask with stopper is not added with pedotheque as control sample, and 5mL first is separately added into two conical flask with stopper
Benzo shakes up, and is placed in 30min in 4 DEG C of refrigerators；Two conical flask with stopper are taken out, triangle is filled in two tools at once
The 3% of 25mL freezer storages H is separately added into bottle2O2The aqueous solution, is placed in refrigerator again after fully mixing
1h；Conical flask with stopper is taken out again, quickly to being separately added into 25mL freezer storages in two conical flask with stopper
The H of 2M2SO4Solution, is well mixed, and filters respectively, obtains pedotheque filtrate and control sample filtrate is stand-by.
Two triangular flasks are taken, 1mL pedotheque filtrates is measured and is added thereto a triangular flask, measure 1mL pairs
Filtrate is added in another triangular flask as control in the same old way, then to being separately added into 5mL's in two triangular flasks
Distilled water, then to the H of the 2M that 5mL is separately added into two triangular flasks2SO4Solution, is well mixed, and obtains
It is stand-by to pedotheque liquid and control sample liquid；Above-mentioned matching somebody with somebody is titrated respectively with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.02M
The pedotheque liquid and control sample liquid of system, are titrated to solution in pale red, and 30s is colour-fast, as reacts
Terminal；Titration according to control sample and pedotheque is poor, obtains equivalent to the H for decomposing2O2Amount consumed
KMnO4.The KMnO of 0.1M of the Activity of Catalase in Soil to be consumed in every gram of dry ground 1h4Volume
Number represents that the liquor potassic permanganate volume is calculated with milliliter.
Referring to Fig. 1, the relation of Soil fixed NH_4+ and Pb concentration.Abscissa is the concentration of Pb in figure, is indulged
Coordinate is Activity of Catalase in Soil.It can be seen that with the increase of Pb concentration, soil peroxide
Change hydrogenase activity to increase therewith.Therefore in actual monitoring, after measuring catalase activity, can be according to this
Rule judges Pb pollution levels in soil.When other environmental conditions are consistent, Activity of Catalase in Soil is got over
Height, then illustrate that P in soil b pollutions are more serious, and vice versa.
Embodiment 2
Untainted agricultural land soil is taken, the background values of heavy metal in soil is Cd 0.14mg/kg, Cu
21.01mg/kg, Pb 19.1mg/kg and Zn 83.67mg/kg.Soil moisture content is 15%, and every one
It carries out spray and keeps soil moisture content stabilization.Take 300g soil respectively with 0mg/Kg, 10mg/Kg,
5 kinds of Zn of different gradients of 100mg/Kg, 1000mg/Kg and 10000mg/Kg, 30 are processed at 30 DEG C
My god (Zn of each gradient processes 4 pedotheques in same site simultaneously), so as to evaluate heavy metal to soil
The ecotoxicological effect of earth activity of catalase.
Two conical flask with stopper of identical capacity are taken, to 5g pedotheques are added in a conical flask with stopper, separately
One conical flask with stopper is not added with pedotheque as control sample, and 5mL first is separately added into two conical flask with stopper
Benzo shakes up, and is placed in 30min in 4 DEG C of refrigerators；Two conical flask with stopper are taken out, triangle is filled in two tools at once
The 3% of 25mL freezer storages H is separately added into bottle2O2The aqueous solution, is placed in refrigerator again after fully mixing
1h；Conical flask with stopper is taken out again, quickly to being separately added into 25mL freezer storages in two conical flask with stopper
The H of 2M2SO4Solution, is well mixed, and filters respectively, obtains pedotheque filtrate and control sample filtrate is stand-by.
Two triangular flasks are taken, 1mL pedotheque filtrates is measured and is added thereto a triangular flask, measure 1mL pairs
Filtrate is added in another triangular flask as control in the same old way, then to being separately added into 5mL's in two triangular flasks
Distilled water, then to the H of the 2M that 5mL is separately added into two triangular flasks2SO4Solution, is well mixed, and obtains
It is stand-by to pedotheque liquid and control sample liquid；Above-mentioned matching somebody with somebody is titrated respectively with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.02M
The pedotheque liquid and control sample liquid of system, are titrated to solution in pale red, and 30s is colour-fast, as reacts
Terminal；Titration according to control sample and pedotheque is poor, obtains equivalent to the H for decomposing2O2Amount consumed
KMnO4.The KMnO of 0.1M of the Activity of Catalase in Soil to be consumed in every gram of dry ground 1h4Volume
Number represents that the liquor potassic permanganate volume is calculated with milliliter.
Referring to Fig. 1, the relation of Soil fixed NH_4+ and Zn concentration.Abscissa is the concentration of Zn in figure,
Ordinate is Activity of Catalase in Soil.It can be seen that working as Zn concentration in soil exceedes country's soil
After earth quality environment primary standard (GB15618-1995), Activity of Catalase in Soil with Zn concentration increasing
Plus and reduce.Therefore in actual monitoring, after measuring catalase activity, soil can be judged according to this rule
Zn pollution levels in earth.When other environmental conditions are consistent, Activity of Catalase in Soil is lower, then illustrate
Soil Zn pollutions are more serious, and vice versa.
Embodiment 3
Untainted agricultural land soil is taken, the background values of heavy metal in soil is Cd 0.14mg/kg, Cu
21.01mg/kg, Pb 19.1mg/kg and Zn 83.67mg/kg.Soil moisture content is 15%, and every one
It carries out spray and keeps soil moisture content stabilization.Take 300g soil respectively with 0mg/Kg, 10mg/Kg,
5 kinds of Cd of different gradients of 100mg/Kg, 1000mg/Kg and 10000mg/Kg, 30 are processed at 30 DEG C
My god (Cd of each gradient processes 4 pedotheques in same site simultaneously), so as to evaluate heavy metal to soil
The ecotoxicological effect of earth activity of catalase.
Two conical flask with stopper of identical capacity are taken, to 5g pedotheques are added in a conical flask with stopper, separately
One conical flask with stopper is not added with pedotheque as control sample, and 5mL first is separately added into two conical flask with stopper
Benzo shakes up, and is placed in 30min in 4 DEG C of refrigerators；Two conical flask with stopper are taken out, triangle is filled in two tools at once
The 3% of 25mL freezer storages H is separately added into bottle2O2The aqueous solution, is placed in refrigerator again after fully mixing
1h；Conical flask with stopper is taken out again, quickly to being separately added into 25mL freezer storages in two conical flask with stopper
The H of 2M2SO4Solution, is well mixed, and filters respectively, obtains pedotheque filtrate and control sample filtrate is stand-by.
Two triangular flasks are taken, 1mL pedotheque filtrates is measured and is added thereto a triangular flask, measure 1mL pairs
Filtrate is added in another triangular flask as control in the same old way, then to being separately added into 5mL's in two triangular flasks
Distilled water, then to the H of the 2M that 5mL is separately added into two triangular flasks2SO4Solution, is well mixed, and obtains
It is stand-by to pedotheque liquid and control sample liquid；Above-mentioned matching somebody with somebody is titrated respectively with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.02M
The pedotheque liquid and control sample liquid of system, are titrated to solution in pale red, and 30s is colour-fast, as reacts
Terminal；Titration according to control sample and pedotheque is poor, obtains equivalent to the H for decomposing2O2Amount consumed
KMnO4.The KMnO of 0.1M of the Activity of Catalase in Soil to be consumed in every gram of dry ground 1h4Volume
Number represents that the liquor potassic permanganate volume is calculated with milliliter.
Referring to Fig. 1, the relation of Soil fixed NH_4+ and Cd concentration.Abscissa is the concentration of Cd in figure,
Ordinate is Activity of Catalase in Soil.It can be seen that working as Cd concentration in soil exceedes country's soil
After earth quality environment primary standard (GB15618-1995), Activity of Catalase in Soil with Cd concentration increasing
Plus and reduce.Therefore in actual monitoring, after measuring catalase activity, soil can be judged according to this rule
Cd pollution levels in earth.When other environmental conditions are consistent, Activity of Catalase in Soil is lower, then illustrate
Soil Zn pollutions are more serious, and vice versa.
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to existing skill known to professional and technical personnel in the field
Art.
The above implementation method, simply better embodiment of the invention not limits the scope of the present invention,
Therefore the equivalent change or modification that all constructions according to described in scope of the present invention patent, feature and principle are done, all should wrap
Include in the range of present patent application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that utilization Soil fixed NH_4+ characterizes heavy metal pollution of soil, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
The collection of a, pedotheque；
The pretreatment of b, pedotheque；
The measure of c, Activity of Catalase in Soil；
D, according to catalase activity size evaluate heavy metal pollution of soil degree.
2. the method for characterizing heavy metal pollution of soil using Soil fixed NH_4+ as claimed in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：When the pedotheque of specific region is gathered in step a, the vegetation of aerial part must be removed,
The topsoil of 1~20 centimeters is gathered, and the same area at least gathers 3 biology repeat samples.
3. the method for characterizing heavy metal pollution of soil using Soil fixed NH_4+ as claimed in claim 1,
Characterized in that, in step b pedotheque preprocess method, comprise the following steps：
1) two conical flask with stopper of identical capacity are taken, to adding a certain amount of soil in a conical flask with stopper
Sample, another conical flask with stopper is not added with pedotheque as control sample, and phase is added to two conical flask with stopper
The toluene of same amount simultaneously shakes up, and is placed in 25~35min in 3~5 DEG C of refrigerators；
2) conical flask with stopper is taken out, quickly to the H that same amount of 3% is added in two conical flask with stopper2O2
The aqueous solution, 1h in 3~5 DEG C of refrigerators is placed in after fully mixing again；
3) conical flask with stopper is taken out again, to adding the sulfuric acid of same amount of 2M molten in two conical flask with stopper
Liquid, is well mixed, and filters respectively, obtains pedotheque filtrate and control sample filtrate is stand-by.
4. the method for characterizing heavy metal pollution of soil using Soil fixed NH_4+ as claimed in claim 3,
Characterized in that, in step c Activity of Catalase in Soil assay method, comprise the following steps：
Step one, the pedotheque filtrate and control sample filtrate for measuring same volume is separately added into two triangular flasks
In, to the sulfuric acid that the distilled water of same volume and the 2M of same volume are sequentially added into two triangular flasks
Solution, is well mixed, stand-by；
Step 2, pedotheque liquid that titration step one prepares and right is distinguished with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.02M
According to sample liquid, it is in pale red to be titrated to solution, and 30s is colour-fast, as reaction end；
Step 3, the titration according to control sample and pedotheque is poor, obtains equivalent to the H for decomposing2O2's
The amount of the consumed potassium permanganate of amount, potassium permanganate consumption is bigger, and catalase activity is lower.
5. the method for characterizing heavy metal pollution of soil using Soil fixed NH_4+ as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that：Described refers to basis according to Activity of Catalase in Soil evaluation heavy metal pollution of soil degree
The activity of catalase judges the heavy metal pollution of soil shape in the site in each site collection pedotheque
Condition, catalase activity change is more notable in pedotheque, and the heavy metal in soil pollution in the site is tighter
Weight.
6. the method for characterizing heavy metal pollution of soil using Soil fixed NH_4+ as claimed in claim 5,
It is characterized in that：The activity of the Soil fixed NH_4+ is molten with the 0.1M potassium permanganate that every gram of soil is consumed
The volume number of liquid represents that the liquor potassic permanganate volume is calculated with milliliter.
7. the method for characterizing heavy metal pollution of soil using Soil fixed NH_4+ as claimed in claim 3,
It is characterized in that：The addition of toluene described in step 1 is the 8.7% of soil quality.
8. the method for characterizing heavy metal pollution of soil using Soil fixed NH_4+ as claimed in claim 3,
It is characterized in that：H described in step 22O2Addition for soil quality 15%.
9. the method for characterizing heavy metal pollution of soil using Soil fixed NH_4+ as claimed in claim 3,
It is characterized in that：The addition of sulfuric acid described in step 3 is the 98% of soil quality.
10. the method that the utilization Soil fixed NH_4+ described in claim 4 characterizes heavy metal pollution of soil,
It is characterized in that：The volume ratio of the sulfuric acid solution of filtrate described in step one, distilled water and 2M is 1∶5∶5。
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| CN107255695A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-10-17 | 南通市产品质量监督检验所 | A kind of food additives catalase enzyme activity evaluation method |
| CN109521179A (en) * | 2018-10-06 | 2019-03-26 | 天津大学 | A method of soil function during evaluation thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil |
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| CN109521179A (en) * | 2018-10-06 | 2019-03-26 | 天津大学 | A method of soil function during evaluation thiocarbamide urea formaldehyde curing heavy metal contaminated soil |
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Application publication date: 20170524 |