CN111517693A - 一种改性岩棉制品及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种改性岩棉制品及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111517693A
CN111517693A CN202010358745.0A CN202010358745A CN111517693A CN 111517693 A CN111517693 A CN 111517693A CN 202010358745 A CN202010358745 A CN 202010358745A CN 111517693 A CN111517693 A CN 111517693A
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马国栋
谢红
陈占虎
杨佳
王慧茹
孟辉江
王晓波
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Hebei Sunsky Deeply Developed Technology Co ltd
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    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
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    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
    • C04B14/46—Rock wool ; Ceramic or silicate fibres
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    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
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    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种改性岩棉制品及生产方法，岩棉制品由岩棉丝和掺入岩棉的改性添加物组成，改性添加物为石墨、SiO2气凝胶和石墨‑SiO2气凝胶。生产方法包括：将原料经高温熔融、离心甩制、高压吹离，制备出岩棉丝，经集棉、传送、打褶、加压、固化后得到岩棉制品，其中在吹离风出口前端开设改性剂添加料口，通过虹吸效应将改性物质负载于吹离风中，经高压吹离均匀附着于岩棉丝上。本发明在岩棉丝中掺入改性添加物，制备的改性岩棉制品导热系数低，保温效果好。利用高压吹离风添加改性添加物，具有方法简便，生产成本低，产品保温性能高的优点。

Description

一种改性岩棉制品及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料生产技术领域，涉及一种改性岩棉制品及生产方法。
背景技术
目前常用的保温材料主要分为无机保温材料和有机保温材料，有机保温材料导热系数低，保温性能好，但有机保温材料易燃烧，阻燃等级低，并且有机保温材料燃烧时释放烟雾量大、毒性大，使用安全性比较低。无机保温材料具有良好的阻燃性能，并且没有毒性。
由于岩棉制品具有较好的阻燃性能，因此经常被用作墙体外保温材料，现有的岩棉制品导热系数为0.04W/(m·K)，保温效果不好，难以满足建筑保温标准要求。现有建筑为达到建筑保温75％标准要求，必须增大保温层的厚度，增加施工难度和建筑成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种改性岩棉制品，在不改变棉的原有制备工艺流程的情况下，使改性添加物与岩棉制品复合生产改性岩棉制品，降低外墙保温用岩棉制品的导热系数，提高岩棉制品的保温效果。本发明的另一目的是提供一种改性岩棉制品的生产方法，
本发明的技术方案是：改性岩棉制品由岩棉丝和掺入岩棉丝的改性添加物组成，改性添加物为改性岩棉保温板质量的0.1％～10％。
改性添加物通过高压吹离风均匀附着于岩棉丝上。改性添加物为石墨、SiO2气凝胶和石墨SiO2气凝胶复合物其中的一种或两种或三种。石墨为纯度在95％以上的鳞片石墨。
改性岩棉制品的导热系数为0.030～0.035W/(m·K)，阻燃等级为A级。本发明包含有所述改性岩棉制品制成的后加工产品。
本发明改性岩棉制品的生产方法，在现有生产线上将岩棉和改性添加物同步复合而成改性岩棉制品。生产过程为：
步骤一、制备岩棉丝：将玄武岩、矿渣、白云石和焦炭按重量比33～35：8～12：15～20：15～20的配比装入加热炉，原料通过富氧燃烧高温熔化成岩浆，岩浆在四辊离心机高速旋转和高压吹离风下制成岩棉丝。在吹离风处依靠虹吸效应将改性添加物吸入高压吹离风管道，高压吹离风将岩棉丝吹离并且使改性添加物均匀的附着于岩棉丝上，同时喷洒酚醛树脂胶液。带有酚醛树脂胶液和改性添加物的岩棉丝在高压吹离风的作用下进入集棉室。
步骤二、制备岩棉束：集棉室内的岩棉丝通过负压风将岩棉丝吸附到捕集带进行集棉，岩棉丝在捕集带上不断被收集，形成岩棉束。岩棉束用过一级传送带、二级传送带传送至摆锤。
步骤三、制备岩棉保温板：岩棉束通过摆锤机、集棉带、打褶机、加压机、固化炉、切割锯平台生产出岩棉保温板。
改性岩棉保温板改性添加物的质量分数为0.1％～10％。酚醛树脂胶液的喷入量为岩棉保温板重量的8％～15％，酚醛树脂的固含为10％。
本发明通过在岩棉丝中掺入的改性添加物，制备的改性岩棉制品导热系数低，保温效果好。本发明改性岩棉制品的生产方法在不改变棉的原有制备工艺流程的情况下，通过虹吸效应将改性添加物吸入高压吹离风管道，高压吹离风将岩棉丝吹离并且使改性添加物均匀的附着于岩棉丝上，对岩棉制品进行复合生产制成改性岩棉制品，具有方法简便，生产成本低，产品质量好的优点。
附图说明
图1为1#改性岩棉制品的示意图；
图2为2#改性岩棉制品的示意图；
图3为3#改性岩棉制品的示意图；
其中：1—1#改性岩棉制品、2—2#改性岩棉制品、3—3#改性岩棉制品、4—岩棉丝、5—石墨-SiO2气凝胶、6—石墨、7—SiO2气凝胶。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明进行详细说明。本发明保护范围不限于实施例，本领域技术人员在权利要求限定的范围内做出任何改动也属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
步骤一、制备岩棉丝：将原料玄武岩、矿渣、白云石和焦炭按照重量份34：10：16：19的配比装入加热炉，原料通过富氧燃烧高温熔化成岩浆，岩浆在四辊离心机高速旋转和高压吹离风下制成岩棉丝。在吹离风处依靠虹吸效应将改性添加物SiO2气凝胶吸入高压吹离风管道，高压吹离风将岩棉丝吹离并且使改性添加物均匀的附着于岩棉丝上，同时喷洒酚醛树脂胶液。带有酚醛树脂胶液和改性添加物的岩棉丝在高压吹离风的作用下进入集棉室。
步骤二、制备岩棉束：集棉室内的岩棉丝通过负压风将岩棉丝吸附到捕集带进行集棉，岩棉丝在捕集带上不断被收集，形成岩棉束。岩棉束通过一级传送带、二级传送带传送至摆锤。
步骤三、制备岩棉保温板：所述岩棉束通过摆锤机、集棉带、打褶机、加压机、固化炉、切割锯平台生产出含有SiO2气凝胶为改性添加物的1#岩棉保温板。
SiO2气凝胶的添加量为改性岩棉制品质量的6％，酚醛树脂胶液的喷入量为岩棉保温板重量的10％。酚醛树脂的固含为10％。如图1所示，1#改性岩棉制品1由岩棉丝4制备而成，岩棉丝中含有改性物质SiO2气凝胶7。
实施例2
将步骤一中改性添加物换为石墨。石墨的添加量为改性岩棉制品质量的0.5％，石墨为质量纯度99％的鳞片石墨。其它步骤和工艺条件与实施例1相同，生产出改性添加物为石墨的2#改性岩棉制品。
如图2所示，2#改性岩棉制品2由岩棉丝4制备而成，岩棉丝中含有改性物质石墨6。
实施例3
将步骤一中改性添加物换为石墨-SiO2气凝胶复合物。石墨-SiO2气凝胶复合物的添加量为改性岩棉制品质量的6％，其它步骤和工艺条件与实施例1相同，生产出改性添加物为石墨-SiO2气凝胶复合物的3#改性岩棉制品。
如图3所示，3#改性岩棉制品3由岩棉丝4制备而成，岩棉丝中含有改性物质石墨-SiO2气凝胶5。
对实施例1～3制备的1#～3#改性岩棉制品进行性能测试，测试结果见表1，作为对比，将现有技术生产的岩棉制品的性能测试结果一同列入表1。
表1.改性岩棉制品测试结果
Figure BDA0002474331450000041
表1结果表明，本发明制备的改性岩棉制品板的导热系数降低到0.030～0.035W/(m·K)，阻燃等级A级，有效降低了外墙保温用岩棉制品的导热系数，提高了岩棉制品的保温效果。

Claims (5)

1.一种改性岩棉制品，其特征是：所述岩棉制品由岩棉丝和掺入岩棉丝的改性添加物组成，其中改性添加物为石墨、SiO2气凝胶和石墨-SiO2气凝胶复合物其中的一种或两种或三种，所述改性添加物为改性岩棉保温板质量的0.1％～10％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的岩棉丝100重量份数计，原料包括33-35份玄武岩、8-12份矿渣、15-20份白云石和15-20份焦炭。
3.根据权利要求1所述改性岩棉制品，其特征是：本发明制备的岩棉制品包含岩棉制品、岩棉条及以岩棉制品或岩棉条为芯材制备的复合制品。
4.一种权利要求1所述改性岩棉制品的制备过程方法，其特征是：将原料经高温熔融、离心甩制、高压吹离，制备出岩棉丝，经集棉、传送、打褶、加压、固化后得到岩棉制品，其中在吹离风出口前端开设改性剂添加料口，通过虹吸效应将改性物质负载于吹离风中，经高压吹离均匀附着于岩棉丝上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的改性岩棉制品的生产方法，其特征是：所述酚醛树脂胶液的喷入量为岩棉保温板重量的8％～15％，并且酚醛树脂的固含为10％。
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