CN111515511B - Eddy welding method - Google Patents
Eddy welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111515511B CN111515511B CN202010381654.9A CN202010381654A CN111515511B CN 111515511 B CN111515511 B CN 111515511B CN 202010381654 A CN202010381654 A CN 202010381654A CN 111515511 B CN111515511 B CN 111515511B
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- eddy current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K13/00—Welding by high-frequency current heating
- B23K13/01—Welding by high-frequency current heating by induction heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
Abstract
The invention discloses an eddy current welding method, which comprises the steps of providing two workpieces to be welded, inserting the ends to be welded of the workpieces into an eddy current coil, introducing welding current into the eddy current coil to carry out eddy current welding on the two workpieces, stopping for a time T after welding is finished, introducing detection current into the eddy current coil to carry out defect inspection on a welding seam at the joint of the two workpieces, and moving the workpieces out of the eddy current coil after the inspection is finished. The workpiece is respectively subjected to eddy current welding and defect inspection through the same eddy current coil, so that the movement of the workpiece is reduced, and the welding efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to an eddy current welding method.
Background
At present, eddy current welding is widely applied, two components can be welded in a non-contact mode, and the welding operation is simple and reliable. The operation of eddy current welding is generally: the method comprises the steps of putting a metal workpiece to be welded in an induction coil, electrifying high-frequency alternating current to generate an induction electromagnetic field, coupling the surface of the workpiece to generate induction electromotive force, forming induction eddy on the surface of the metal, generating heat by depending on the eddy generated on the surface of the metal, generally coating welding powder on a welding part, and welding when the workpiece reaches the melting temperature of brazing filler metal.
Generally, the welding quality of the workpieces needs to be detected after welding, and conventionally, the workpieces after the eddy current welding are moved to a specified position for detection. The operation mode needs to move the workpiece for multiple times, and has complex operation and low production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to: provided is an eddy current welding method which can detect a weld at a welding position and has high production efficiency.
To achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an eddy current welding method is provided, two workpieces to be welded are provided, ends to be welded of the workpieces are inserted into an eddy current coil, welding current is conducted to the eddy current coil to conduct eddy current welding on the two workpieces, the time T is stopped after welding is finished, detection current is conducted to the eddy current coil to conduct defect detection on a welding seam at the joint of the two workpieces, and after the detection is finished, the workpieces are moved out of the eddy current coil.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the workpiece is respectively subjected to eddy current welding and defect inspection through the same eddy current coil, so that the movement of the workpiece is reduced, and the welding efficiency is improved.
As a preferable scheme of the eddy current welding method, a database is established through experiments before the workpieces are welded, the database comprises the material of the workpieces, the thickness of the workpieces, and the welding current and the detection current which are matched with the material and the thickness of the workpieces, the database is input into a controller after being established, the material and the thickness of the corresponding workpieces in the controller are selected when the workpieces are welded, and the eddy current coil is automatically matched with the welding current and the detection current.
As a preferable mode of the eddy current welding method, the workpiece welding method further comprises a pretreatment step before welding, wherein the pretreatment step comprises: cleaning the end to be welded of the workpiece and the circumferential surface adjacent to the end to be welded to expose the metallic luster of the workpiece, polishing the end to be welded to enable the end to be welded of the two workpieces to be parallel to each other, and adjusting the two workpieces to enable the distance between the two ends to be welded to be not more than 3 mm.
As a preferable mode of the eddy current welding method, solder is applied to the end to be welded.
As a preferred embodiment of the eddy current welding method, an eddy current tester is connected to the eddy current coil before the weld is inspected for defects.
As a preferable mode of the eddy current welding method, a sectional shape of the eddy current coil is matched with a sectional shape of the workpiece, and an inner diameter of the eddy current coil is larger than an outer diameter of the workpiece.
In a second aspect, an eddy current welding method is provided, in which a first eddy current coil for eddy current welding and a second eddy current coil for defect inspection are provided, the first eddy current coil and the second eddy current coil are spirally wound to form a coil assembly, the first eddy current coil and the second eddy current coil are respectively connected to different current input devices, ends to be welded of two workpieces to be welded are inserted into the coil assembly, welding current is firstly introduced into the first eddy current coil to perform eddy current welding on the workpieces, time T is stopped after welding, then detection current is introduced into the second eddy current coil to perform defect inspection on a weld joint on the workpieces, and after inspection is completed, the workpieces are moved out of the coil assembly.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: through setting up two vortex coils that twine together and carry out eddy current welding and defect inspection respectively, also can satisfy the work piece and weld and defect inspection in same position, avoided the work piece position to remove, in addition, two vortex coil work are independent, do not interfere with each other.
As a preferable mode of the eddy current welding method, an eddy current tester is connected to the second eddy current coil before the eddy current welding is performed.
In a third aspect, an eddy current welding method is provided, in which a first eddy current coil for eddy current welding and a second eddy current coil for defect inspection are provided, the first eddy current coil and the second eddy current coil are arranged at intervals in a linear direction, a to-be-welded end of one workpiece is inserted into the first eddy current coil, a to-be-welded end of the other workpiece penetrates through the second eddy current coil and then is inserted into the first eddy current coil, welding current is firstly introduced into the first eddy current coil to perform eddy current welding on the workpieces, after welding is completed, the workpieces are horizontally moved to enable welding seams of the two workpieces to be located in the second eddy current coil, the welding is stopped for a time T, then detection current is introduced into the second eddy current coil to perform defect inspection on the welding seams on the workpieces, and after inspection is completed, the workpieces are moved out of the first eddy current coil and the second eddy current coil.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the two eddy current coils are arranged at the adjacent positions to perform eddy current welding and defect inspection respectively, so that the moving distance of a workpiece can be reduced, the welding and inspection efficiency is improved, and the two eddy current coils are independent in position and function and do not interfere with each other.
As a preferable aspect of the eddy current welding method, an eddy current detector is connected to the second eddy current coil before the eddy current welding is performed.
Drawings
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a workpiece in an eddy current welding process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state of a workpiece during defect inspection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of a workpiece and an eddy current coil according to another embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a workpiece according to still another embodiment of the present invention in a state of being eddy current welded.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a workpiece in a defect inspection according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a workpiece; 11. welding the end to be welded; 12. welding seams; 2. an eddy current coil; 21. a first eddy current coil; 22. a second eddy current coil; 3. an eddy current detector.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the eddy current welding method of the present invention, two workpieces 1 to be welded are provided, an end 11 to be welded of the workpiece 1 is inserted into an eddy current coil 2, a welding current is applied to the eddy current coil 2 to perform eddy current welding on the two workpieces 1, a time T is stopped after welding, a detection current is applied to the eddy current coil 2 to perform defect inspection on a weld 12 at a joint of the two workpieces 1, and after the inspection is finished, the workpiece 1 is moved out of the eddy current coil 2. The workpiece 1 is respectively subjected to eddy current welding and defect inspection through the same eddy current coil 2, so that the movement of the workpiece 1 is reduced, and the welding efficiency is improved. Generally, the workpiece 1 is made of metal and has a heavy weight, so that the difficulty of operation can be greatly reduced by reducing the movement of the workpiece 1.
And detecting at the time T after welding is finished, mainly for ensuring that the detection is carried out after the welding seam 12 is formed after welding, and improving the detection precision. The time T is 5min to 10 min.
The Eddy current coil 2 performs defect inspection, called Eddy current inspection (abbreviated as ET) for short, on the welding seam 12 of the workpiece 1, belongs to a nondestructive inspection, and the detection principle is as follows: according to the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, alternating current is conducted on an eddy current coil 2 to generate an alternating magnetic field perpendicular to a workpiece 1, when the eddy current coil 2 is close to the workpiece 1 to be detected, eddy current is induced on the surface of the workpiece 1, a magnetic field opposite to the original magnetic field is generated at the same time, the original magnetic field is partially offset, and the resistance and the inductance of the eddy current coil 2 are changed. If the welding seam 12 of the metal workpiece 1 has defects, the strength and distribution of the eddy current field are changed, so that the impedance of the eddy current coil 2 is changed, and the defect can be judged by detecting the change.
The rules for eddy current welding and eddy current testing, and other mating features, are the same as those in the prior art and are not described further herein.
In this embodiment, when performing eddy current welding, the eddy current detector 3 is not required to be connected, and before performing defect inspection on the weld joint 12, the eddy current detector 3 is connected to the eddy current coil 2. During the eddy current welding, the electric current is great, if insert eddy current detection appearance 3 will damage eddy current detection appearance 3, consequently after welding seam 12 shaping, insert before carrying out the defect inspection, not only can utilize eddy current detection appearance 3 to judge whether defect is located in welding seam 12, can also prolong eddy current detection appearance 3's life.
Establish the database through the experiment before 1 welding of work piece, the database includes 1 material of work piece, 1 thickness of work piece, and with 1 material of work piece and thickness assorted welding current and measuring current, input in the controller after the database is established, when 1 welding of work piece, select correspond in the controller 1 material and thickness of work piece, welding current and measuring current are gone up in eddy current coil 2 automatic matching. The database is established through an experimental mode, data storage can be carried out on the workpieces 1 welded conventionally, the precision of eddy current welding and defect inspection is improved, parameters are prevented from being adjusted in the welding process, and errors of manual adjustment are reduced.
The workpiece 1 further comprises a pretreatment process before welding, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: the cleaning the work piece 1 wait to weld end 11 and be close to wait to weld the global of end 11, make work piece 1 exposes metallic luster, polish wait to weld end 11, make two work piece 1 wait to weld end 11 and be parallel to each other, adjust two work piece 1 makes two wait to weld the distance between the end 11 and be not more than 3 mm.
If the gap is too large, the proximity effect is reduced, the eddy heat is insufficient, and the weld joint 12 is poor in intercrystalline bonding and generates unfused or cracked; if the gap is too small, the proximity effect is increased, the welding heat is too large, the welding seam 12 is burnt, or the welding seam 12 forms a pit after being extruded and rolled, and the surface quality of the welding seam 12 is influenced, so that the distance between the two ends to be welded 11 is most suitable from 1mm to 3 mm.
And coating solder on the end to be welded 11. The end 11 to be welded is coated with the solder, so that the forming of the welding seam 12 can be accelerated, the quality of the formed welding seam 12 is better, and bubbles are less prone to appear.
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the eddy current coil 2 matches the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece 1, and the inner diameter of the eddy current coil 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece 1. By setting the shape of the eddy current coil 2 to match the shape of the workpiece 1, the circumferential weld 12 of the workpiece 1 is formed more uniformly, and the local occurrence of welding stress concentration during welding is avoided.
Specifically, the workpiece 1 is a pipe, when the two pipes are butted, the eddy current coil 2 is wound on the periphery of the pipe, the eddy current coil 2 is wound in a circular ring shape, and the inner wall of the eddy current coil is spaced from the outer wall of the pipe.
In one embodiment, the resistance of the eddy current coil 2 is gradually increased from the two ends of the eddy current coil 2 to the middle. By setting the resistance at the middle part to a large value and setting the resistance values at the two ends of the eddy current coil 2 to a small value, the heat productivity at the two ends of the eddy current coil 2 can be low when the input current value is constant, and the influence of the two ends of the eddy current coil 2 on the non-welding position of the workpiece 1 can be reduced.
Specifically, the diameter of the winding coil of the eddy current coil 2 may be set to a structure in which both ends are small and the middle is large.
In addition, the eddy current coil 2 may be configured such that the winding density of the eddy current coil 2 gradually increases from both ends toward the center coil, and the influence of both ends of the eddy current coil 2 on the non-welding position of the workpiece 1 may be reduced.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides another eddy current welding method, which is similar to the above embodiment except that the embodiment employs two eddy current coils, and the two eddy current coils perform eddy current welding and defect inspection, respectively. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, a first eddy current coil 21 for eddy current welding and a second eddy current coil 22 for defect inspection are provided, the first eddy current coil 21 and the second eddy current coil 22 are spirally wound to form a coil assembly, the first eddy current coil 21 and the second eddy current coil 22 are respectively connected to different current input devices, ends 11 to be welded of two workpieces 1 to be welded are inserted into the coil assembly, welding current is firstly introduced into the first eddy current coil 21 to perform eddy current welding on the workpieces 1, the time T is stopped after welding, then detection current is introduced into the second eddy current coil 22 to perform defect inspection on a weld 12 on the workpieces 1, and after inspection is completed, the workpieces 1 are moved out of the coil assembly. Through setting up two vortex coils that twine together and carry out eddy current welding and defect inspection respectively, also can satisfy work piece 1 and weld and defect inspection in same position, avoided work piece 1 position to remove, in addition, two vortex coil work are independent, do not interfere with each other.
In the present embodiment, the eddy current tester 3 is connected to the second eddy current coil 22 before the eddy current welding is performed. The eddy current detector 3 can be assembled with the second eddy current coil 22 in advance, and the eddy current detector 3 does not need to be repeatedly disassembled and assembled, so that the operation difficulty is reduced.
In one embodiment, the resistance of the first eddy current coil 21 is gradually increased from the two ends of the first eddy current coil 21 to the middle. By setting the resistance at the middle portion to a large value and setting the resistance values at the two ends of the first eddy current coil 21 to a small value, it is possible to reduce the amount of heat generation at the two ends of the first eddy current coil 21 at a constant input current value, and reduce the influence of the two ends of the first eddy current coil 21 on the non-welding position of the workpiece 1.
In addition, the first eddy current coil 21 may be configured such that the winding density of the first eddy current coil 21 gradually increases from both ends of the first eddy current coil 21 toward the center coil, and the influence of both ends of the first eddy current coil 21 on the non-welding position of the workpiece 1 can be reduced as well.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides another eddy current welding method which is similar to the above-described embodiment except that the first eddy current coil 21 and the second eddy current coil 22 of the present embodiment are not wound together but are disposed at intervals in the length direction of the workpiece 1. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the eddy current welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention, a first eddy current coil 21 for eddy current welding and a second eddy current coil 22 for defect inspection are provided, the first eddy current coil 21 and the second eddy current coil 22 are arranged at intervals in a linear direction, the end 11 to be welded of one workpiece 1 is inserted into the first eddy current coil 21, the end 11 to be welded of the other workpiece 1 is inserted into the first eddy current coil 21 after passing through the second eddy current coil 22, a welding current is first applied to the first eddy current coil 21 to perform eddy current welding on the workpieces 1, after the welding is completed, the welding seam 12 of the two workpieces 1 is horizontally moved to be located in the second eddy current coil 22, the welding is stopped for a time T, a detection current is then applied to the second eddy current coil 22 to perform defect inspection on the welding seam 12 on the workpieces 1, and after the inspection is completed, the workpiece 1 is moved out of the first eddy current coil 21 and the second eddy current coil 22. The two eddy current coils are arranged at the adjacent positions to perform eddy current welding and defect inspection respectively, so that the moving distance of the workpiece 1 can be reduced, the welding and inspection efficiency is improved, and the two eddy current coils are independent in position and function and do not interfere with each other.
In the present embodiment, the eddy current detector 3 is connected to the second eddy current coil 22 before the eddy current welding is performed. The eddy current detector 3 can be assembled with the second eddy current coil 22 in advance, and the eddy current detector 3 does not need to be repeatedly disassembled and assembled, so that the operation difficulty is reduced.
In one embodiment, the resistance of the first eddy current coil 21 is gradually increased from the two ends of the first eddy current coil 21 to the middle. By setting the resistance at the middle portion to a large value and setting the resistance values at the two ends of the first eddy current coil 21 to a small value, it is possible to reduce the amount of heat generation at the two ends of the first eddy current coil 21 at a constant input current value, and reduce the influence of the two ends of the first eddy current coil 21 on the non-welding position of the workpiece 1.
In addition, the first eddy current coil 21 may be configured such that the winding density of the first eddy current coil 21 gradually increases from both ends of the first eddy current coil 21 toward the center coil, and the influence of both ends of the first eddy current coil 21 on the non-welding position of the workpiece 1 can be reduced as well.
In the description herein, it is to be understood that the terms "upper" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present invention.
In the description herein, references to the term "an embodiment" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The eddy current welding method is characterized in that two workpieces to be welded are provided, ends to be welded of the workpieces are inserted into an eddy current coil, welding current is conducted on the eddy current coil to conduct eddy current welding on the two workpieces, the time T is stopped after welding is finished, detection current is conducted on the eddy current coil to conduct defect detection on a welding seam at the joint of the two workpieces, and the workpieces are moved out of the eddy current coil after the defect detection is finished;
the workpiece welding method is characterized by further comprising a pretreatment process before welding, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: cleaning the end to be welded of the workpiece and the circumferential surface adjacent to the end to be welded to expose the metallic luster of the workpiece, polishing the end to be welded to enable the end to be welded of the two workpieces to be parallel to each other, and adjusting the two workpieces to enable the distance between the two ends to be welded to be not more than 3 mm.
2. The eddy current welding method according to claim 1, wherein a database is created by experiment before the welding of the workpieces, the database includes the material of the workpieces, the thickness of the workpieces, and the welding current and the detection current matching the material and the thickness of the workpieces, the database is created and then input into a controller, the material and the thickness of the corresponding workpieces in the controller are selected when the workpieces are welded, and the eddy current coil automatically matches the welding current and the detection current.
3. The eddy current welding method according to claim 1, wherein solder is applied to the end to be welded.
4. The eddy current welding method according to claim 1, wherein an eddy current tester is connected to the eddy current coil before the weld is inspected for defects.
5. The eddy current welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that a sectional shape of the eddy current coil is matched with a sectional shape of the workpiece, and an inner diameter of the eddy current coil is larger than an outer diameter of the workpiece.
6. The eddy current welding method is characterized by comprising the steps of providing a first eddy current coil for eddy current welding and a second eddy current coil for defect inspection, spirally winding the first eddy current coil and the second eddy current coil into a coil group, respectively connecting the first eddy current coil and the second eddy current coil with different current input devices, inserting the ends to be welded of two workpieces to be welded into the coil group, firstly introducing welding current into the first eddy current coil to carry out eddy current welding on the workpieces, stopping for time T after welding is finished, then introducing detection current into the second eddy current coil to carry out defect inspection on a welding seam on the workpieces, and after inspection is finished, moving the workpieces out of the coil group.
7. The eddy current welding method according to claim 6, wherein an eddy current tester is connected to the second eddy current coil before the eddy current welding is performed.
8. The eddy current welding method is characterized in that a first eddy current coil for eddy current welding and a second eddy current coil for defect inspection are provided, the first eddy current coil and the second eddy current coil are arranged at intervals in the linear direction, the end to be welded of one workpiece is inserted into the first eddy current coil, the end to be welded of the other workpiece penetrates through the second eddy current coil and then is inserted into the first eddy current coil, welding current is firstly introduced into the first eddy current coil to carry out eddy current welding on the workpieces, after welding is finished, the workpieces are horizontally moved to enable welding seams of the two workpieces to be located in the second eddy current coil, stopping time T is achieved, then detection current is introduced into the second eddy current coil to carry out defect inspection on the welding seams on the workpieces, and after inspection is finished, the workpieces are moved out of the first eddy current coil and the second eddy current coil.
9. The eddy current welding method according to claim 8, wherein an eddy current tester is connected to the second eddy current coil before the eddy current welding is performed.
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