CN114509497B - Short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device and method - Google Patents

Short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114509497B
CN114509497B CN202210000921.2A CN202210000921A CN114509497B CN 114509497 B CN114509497 B CN 114509497B CN 202210000921 A CN202210000921 A CN 202210000921A CN 114509497 B CN114509497 B CN 114509497B
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tube seat
shaft
tube
clamping ring
seat
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CN114509497A (en
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陈太军
谢进
谭云华
马桂振
黄彬
张萃海
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/83Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
    • G01N27/84Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields by applying magnetic powder or magnetic ink
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for carrying out magnetic powder detection on welding defects of a diagonal weld joint, and discloses a device and a method for detecting the magnetic powder of the welding defects of a short pipe seat and the diagonal weld joint. The detection device comprises a magnetic coil assembly capable of being externally connected with an alternating current power supply, wherein the magnetic coil assembly comprises a coil shaft, two ends of the coil shaft are respectively connected with a clamping ring shaft through connecting shafts, the distance between the two clamping ring shafts is adjustable, the clamping ring shafts comprise a core rod and a clamping ring coaxial with the core rod, the core rod can be inserted into a tube seat to be positioned, the inner wall of the clamping ring is in surface contact with the outer wall of the tube seat, and a magnetic circuit can be formed on the outer surface of the tube seat. The detection method comprises the steps of respectively connecting two snap ring shafts with two selected tube seats adjacent to the angle-to-be-detected weld joint, sequentially electrifying according to standard magnetization specifications, applying magnetic suspension, observing, and detecting. The device has the advantages of safe structure, simplicity, convenience, easiness in operation, high detection efficiency and stable detection result, and is particularly suitable for detecting the fillet weld of the dense short tube seat.

Description

Short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for detecting welding defects by magnetic powder, in particular to magnetic powder detection equipment and a detection method for detecting fillet weld defects of dense short tube seats.
Background
When the boiler pressure vessel runs, the boiler pressure vessel always bears high temperature and high pressure, the medium is more corrosive and toxic, certain equipment structures adopt dense short pipe joints, when the boiler pressure vessel runs, the boiler pressure vessel cannot be repaired due to small space and has no maintenance space, and if the boiler pressure vessel leaks, the boiler pressure vessel can only plug pipes, so that the equipment is prevented from leaking, the manufacturing quality requirement is quite high, and 100% magnetic powder or penetration detection is required to be carried out on the fillet weld of the pipe seat of the equipment in design.
The header tube seat of the high-temperature heater for the coiled tube of a boiler is provided with dense fillet welds of the tube seat of the short tube, the adjacent spacing of the fillet welds of the tube seat is only 20-30 mm, the space is extremely narrow, no effective equipment can be adopted at present to polish and polish the surface of the weld, and the condition of the penetration detection surface can not meet the standard requirement, so that the magnetic powder detection can only be carried out, but the size of the magnetic yoke magnetic powder detection equipment can be adopted at present to be far larger than the spacing of the tube seat, and the arrangement of the detection equipment is difficult to implement. The contact method which can be adopted at present is a direct energization detection method, the surface of a base metal is easy to burn by ignition, surface rust polishing treatment is needed before electrode contact position detection, otherwise poor energization contact is caused, polishing and brightening treatment is needed after electrode contact position detection, and the detection efficiency is extremely low by the method. Therefore, it is difficult to detect defects such as surface circumferential cracks (i.e., cracks in the circumferential direction of the pipe, hereinafter referred to as "circumferential defects") that are easily generated in fillet welds of dense short tube seats (i.e., lack of fusion between the weld and the base material), and radial defects perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the weld (i.e., lateral defects).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a safe and easy-to-operate short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device and method, which can realize effective magnetic powder detection of defects such as fillet weld surface and near-surface cracks on dense short tube seats.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device, includes the magnetic force coil assembly that can external alternating current power supply, and magnetic force coil assembly includes coil shaft and twine the epaxial coil of coil and fixes the epaxial insulating housing of coil, the both ends of coil shaft are connected with the clamping ring axle through the connecting axle respectively to the interval of two clamping ring axles is adjustable, and the clamping ring axle includes the plug and with the coaxial snap ring of plug, thereby annular hole between plug and the snap ring can supply the tube socket to insert and form the magnetic field return circuit at the surface of tube socket. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the connecting shaft and the snap ring shaft should each be made of a magnetically conductive material, such as low carbon steel. The design ensures that the distance between the magnetic yokes used for detection can be changed, and the arrangement of the detection equipment can be suitable for the detection of the intensive pipe seat fillet weld; the core rod of the clamping ring shaft is used for being inserted into the tube seat, so that the clamping ring shaft is positioned relative to the tube seat, the inner wall of the clamping ring is in surface contact with the outer wall of the tube seat, and magnetic force lines can enter a workpiece from the outer surface of the tube seat, thereby forming a magnetic field loop on the outer surface of a weld joint of the tube seat, and avoiding the defect that magnetic force lines of a conventional magnetic yoke are difficult to enter the workpiece. The device not only can realize the rapid detection of the defects and improve the detection efficiency, but also can realize local detection, such as repair and defect screening.
The inner end surface of the annular inner hole of the clamping ring shaft is in contact limit with the end surface of the tube seat, and a layer of magnetic conduction layer which is flexible relative to the core rod is attached to the inner wall of the clamping ring. The flexible magnetic conduction layer can enable the inner wall of the clamping ring to be tightly attached to the outer surface of the tube seat, stability of a detection result is guaranteed, the inner end face of the annular inner hole is also in contact with the end face of the tube seat, and magnetic force lines can enter the workpiece from the end face of the tube seat.
Further, the magnetic conduction layer is composed of an annular soft iron net and an annular iron sheet, the surface layer is the annular iron sheet, the annular soft iron net is positioned between the annular iron sheet and the clamping ring, rapid plug can be realized, the stability of a detection result can be ensured, and the detection speed can be improved.
Further, to ensure that the snap ring shaft and the tube seat can have the largest possible contact area, the annular flexible iron net and the annular iron sheet extend inwards from the port to the inner end surface of the annular inner hole.
According to the usual detection requirements, at least the length of the annular soft iron net and the annular iron sheet extending inwards from the port is ensured to be not less than 15mm, preferably more than 20 mm.
Because the tube seats are dense, the connection between the conventional magnetic powder detection device and the workpiece is inconvenient, the connecting shaft is designed to be used as an intermediate connecting piece between the clamping ring shaft and the magnetic coil so as to realize the adjustment of the distance between the clamping ring shafts, and therefore, the clamping ring shaft can be connected with two tube seats with any distance value in a certain range. In order to conveniently realize the adjustment, two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively connected with the coil shaft and the snap ring shaft through locking shaft pins, and the connecting shaft, the coil shaft and the snap ring shaft are all provided with adaptive pin holes. The clamping ring shaft is matched with the shaft hole of the tube seat, other additional interval positioning structures are not needed, the installation is convenient, and the detection result is stable.
Further, be provided with the manual switch that is used for controlling alternating current power on-off on the insulating housing, only open the switch when detecting, switch closed when preparing work reduces and generates heat.
The invention also provides a detection method of the short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device. Specifically, the tube seats corresponding to the angle-to-be-measured weld joints are determined, two adjacent tube seats are selected, two snap ring shafts are respectively connected with the two selected tube seats, and magnetic suspension is sequentially electrified and applied according to the standard magnetization specification, and is observed for detection.
The C-shaped test piece can be arranged on the surface of the angle-to-be-measured weld joint, and the detection can be performed after the sensitivity of the detection device is verified to reach the standard.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the device has the advantages of safe structure, simplicity, convenience, easiness in operation, high detection efficiency and stable detection result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure and arrangement of a short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a layout of a flux device for dense short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the collar shaft.
Fig. 4 is an elevational view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the connecting shaft.
Fig. 7 is a top view of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a left side view of fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the coil bobbin.
Fig. 10 is a top view of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a left side view of fig. 9.
Marked in the figure as: 1-cylinder, 2-tube seat, 3-fillet weld, 4-clamping ring shaft, 5-locking shaft pin, 6-connecting shaft, 7-coil shaft, 8-coil, 9-insulating shell, 10-cable, 11-manual switch, 12-C test piece, 13-circumferential defect, 14-annular soft iron net, 15-annular iron sheet, pin hole of 16-clamping ring shaft, pin hole of 17-connecting shaft, pin hole of 18-coil shaft, 41-core rod, 42-clamping ring and 43-annular inner hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection device for a short pipe seat according to the present invention comprises a magnetic coil assembly capable of being externally connected with an ac power supply, the magnetic coil assembly comprises a coil shaft 7, a coil 8 wound on the coil shaft 7, and an insulating housing 9 fixed on the coil shaft 7, both ends of the coil shaft 7 are respectively connected with a snap ring shaft 4 through a connecting shaft 6, so that the distance between the two snap ring shafts 4 is adjustable, the snap ring shaft 4 comprises a core rod 41 and a snap ring 42 coaxial with the core rod 41, an annular inner hole 43 is provided between the core rod 41 and the snap ring 42, the core rod 41 can be inserted into the pipe seat 2 to be positioned, and the inner wall of the snap ring 42 is in surface contact with the outer wall of the pipe seat 2, thereby forming a magnetic field on the outer surface of the pipe seat 2. The inner diameter of the snap ring 42 is adapted to the outer diameter of the socket 2, the outer diameter of the core rod 41 is adapted to the inner diameter of the socket 2, and the depth of the annular inner bore 43 is adapted to the magnetic flux requirements.
The two ends of the connecting shaft 6 are respectively connected with the coil shaft 7 and the snap ring shaft 4 in a pin joint mode through the locking shaft pin 5, an adaptive pin hole 17 is formed in the connecting shaft 6, an adaptive pin hole 18 is formed in the coil shaft 7, an adaptive pin hole 16 is formed in the snap ring shaft 4, the angle between the connecting shaft 6 and the coil shaft 7 is adjusted, the distance between the two snap ring shafts 4 can be adjusted to be matched with the distance between two tube seats selected for detection, the angle between the connecting shaft 6 and the snap ring shaft 4 is adjusted, concentricity between the snap ring shaft 4 and the tube seat 2 can be ensured, surface contact between the two is ensured, the limit on the end face of the tube seat 2 is formed in the inner end face of an annular inner hole 43 of the snap ring shaft 4, and a flexible magnetic conduction layer is attached to the inner wall of the snap ring 42 relative to the core rod 41. The two ends of the existing magnetic yoke magnetic powder detection equipment are hinged with the magnetic coil component, but the magnetic yoke magnetic powder detection equipment aims at detecting butt welding seams between two planes with a certain included angle, and only has one hinge shaft, and is different from the structure and design of the device of the invention.
The magnetic conduction layer is composed of an annular soft iron net 14 and an annular iron sheet 15, the annular soft iron net 14 endows the magnetic conduction layer with flexibility, the annular iron sheet 15 can be in good ground contact with the outer wall of the tube seat 2, and the whole magnetic conduction layer extends inwards from the port to the inner end face of the annular inner hole 43 so as to ensure that the contact area between the wall face of the inner hole and the tube seat is relatively maximum, and the magnetic conduction effect is relatively best. According to the test of the inventor, the length of the annular soft iron net 14 and the annular iron sheet 15 extending inwards from the port is not less than 15mm, preferably more than 20mm, and the contact area and the magnetizing effect can meet the detection requirement.
Examples:
the invention relates to a short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device, and a layout diagram of the device is shown in figure 1. The product barrel 1 is connected with the connecting pipe 2 through a welding pipe seat fillet weld 3, a circumferential defect 13 is generated on the surface or near surface of the pipe seat fillet weld 3 or a welding seam heat affected zone, the top of the connecting pipe of the pipe seat is sleeved with the clamping ring shaft 4, the clamping ring shaft 14 is connected with the connecting shaft 6 through the locking shaft pin 5, the connecting shaft 6 is connected with the coil shaft 7 of silicon steel through the locking shaft pin 5, the coil 8 is wound on the surface of the coil shaft 7, an insulating shell 9 of the device is fixed on the coil shaft 7, the coil 8 is connected with a cable 10 for externally connecting an alternating current power supply, a manual switch 11 is arranged at the bottom of the insulating shell 9, and a C-shaped test piece 12 is arranged on the surface of the fillet weld to be detected.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, an annular soft iron net 14 and an annular iron sheet 15 are arranged on the annular inner hole wall of the snap ring shaft 4, and a pin hole 16 for inserting the locking shaft pin 5 is formed in the top of the snap ring shaft 4.
As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the end of the connecting shaft 6 is provided with a pin hole 17.
As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, the end of the spool 7 is provided with a pin hole 18.
The part of the snap ring shaft 4 adopts flexible design, the inside of the snap ring shaft 4 is made into an iron core by an annular soft iron net 14 and an annular iron sheet 15, the end face of an inner hole of the snap ring shaft 4 and the end face of the tube seat 2 are provided with annular contact areas, and the specification of the snap ring shaft 4 is designed and processed according to the actual size. Through the design, the snap ring shaft 4 can be tightly attached to the tube seat 2, so that magnetic force lines can enter a workpiece from the outer surface and the end surface of the tube seat 2, the defect that magnetic force lines of a conventional magnetic yoke are difficult to enter the workpiece is avoided, the defect can be rapidly detected, the detection efficiency is improved, and local detection such as repair and defect screening can be realized, so that the problem that the angle seam of the dense short tube seat cannot be detected by the conventional detection equipment is solved. By adopting the detection device and the detection method provided by the invention, the detection conditions and the arrangement mode are completely the same as those of the actual workpiece, so that the detection can be effectively, correctly and truly realized, and the problem that the angle seam of the dense short pipe seat cannot be detected by the current detection equipment is solved. The detection device and the detection method can accurately detect the circumferential and radial defects, are convenient to machine, simple and convenient to operate, high in reliability, safe and stable.
The detection method of the short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device is described below by taking the application of the short tube seat fillet weld magnetic powder detection of a certain power station boiler heat exchanger as an example.
Introduction of products: the diameter phi of the product cylinder body is 700-1000 mm, the material is 20MnMoNbIV forging, the diameter phi of the connecting pipe is 26.9x4.4 mm, the distance between adjacent pipe seats is 20-30 mm, the material is 16Mo3, and the pipe seat fillet weld adopts automatic welding. The arrangement of fig. 1 (for detecting circumferential defects) and fig. 2 (for detecting radial defects) is adopted in the fillet weld magnetic powder detection, so that the problem of dense fillet weld magnetic powder detection can be effectively solved.
The detection requirement is as follows: 100% of the tube seat corner joint surface and the near-surface circumferential cracks and other radial defects are detected. The specific operation steps are as follows:
the snap ring shaft 4 is manufactured according to the principle of size adaptation with the tube seat 2, the structure of the snap ring shaft 4 is shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, and the snap ring shaft 4 and the magnetic coil assembly are assembled through the connecting shaft 6 and the locking shaft pin 5, as shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2, a pair of snap ring shafts 4 are respectively clamped on a No. 2 tube seat and a No. 6 tube seat, a No. 4 tube seat and a No. 6 tube seat, a No. 5 tube seat and a No. 7 tube seat, and magnetic suspension is sequentially electrified according to a standard magnetization specification and observed, so that the left half part transverse defect detection illustrated by the No. 1 tube seat can be completed; a pair of snap ring shafts 4 are respectively clamped on the No. 3 tube seat and the No. 5 tube seat, the No. 3 tube seat and the No. 7 tube seat, and the No. 2 tube seat and the No. 4 tube seat, and magnetic suspension is sequentially electrified according to standard magnetization specifications, and the right half part transverse defect detection of the No. 1 tube seat can be completed through observation. By analogy, all socket radial defects can ensure 100% detection. For the tube seat at the edge of the cylinder body 1, the space is more abundant, and the transverse defect of the tube seat can be detected by using a traditional magnetic yoke.
By using the device and the method, effective magnetic powder detection can be performed on circumferential cracks, transverse defects and the like on the surface of the fillet weld, so that the beneficial effect of preventing leakage at the fillet weld is achieved, and the safety and reliability of equipment operation are improved.
As can be seen from the description, the device and the method can be used for rapidly carrying out magnetic powder detection on the fillet weld of the intensive pipe seat, can detect the circumferential defect positioned at the periphery of the fillet weld and the radial transverse defect positioned at the pipe seat, overcome the defects that the workpiece is easy to burn and the magnetization effect of the conventional magnetic yoke method is poor in the conventional contact method detection, make up the defect of poor magnetization contact of the common magnetic yoke method, and ensure that the workpiece can achieve ideal magnetization effect by the flexible contact design and the center of the clamping ring shaft and the upper silicon steel at the inner side during detection, improve the detection efficiency, and realize local detection such as defect detection after repair.
The device of the invention also has the limitation that it is only recommended for short tube seats with a length of 30mm to 100 mm. Too short connecting pipe, too small contact area of the clamping ring shaft and the pipe seat is unfavorable for magnetization, the detection effect is poor, and for a long pipe seat with the connecting pipe length exceeding 150mm, the sensitivity can not meet the requirement due to poor magnetization effect, and the current is too large, so that the heating is serious.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device, includes the magnetic force coil pack that can external alternating current power supply, and magnetic force coil pack includes coil shaft (7) and coil (8) and insulating housing (9) fixed on coil shaft (7) on winding coil shaft (7), characterized by: the coil shaft is characterized in that two ends of the coil shaft (7) are respectively connected with clamping ring shafts (4) through connecting shafts (6), the distance between the two clamping ring shafts (4) is adjustable, each clamping ring shaft (4) comprises a core rod (41) and a clamping ring (42) coaxial with the core rod (41), the core rod (41) can be inserted into the tube seat (2) to be positioned, the inner wall of the clamping ring (42) is in surface contact with the outer wall of the tube seat (2), and therefore a magnetic field loop can be formed on the outer surface of the tube seat (2).
2. The spool seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: an annular inner hole (43) is arranged between a core rod (41) of the clamping ring shaft (4) and the clamping ring (42), the inner end surface of the annular inner hole (43) is in contact limit with the end surface of the tube seat (2), and a magnetic conduction layer which is flexible relative to the core rod (41) is attached to the inner wall of the clamping ring (42).
3. The short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the magnetic conduction layer consists of an annular iron sheet (15) on the surface layer and an annular soft iron net (14) positioned between the annular iron sheet (15) and the clamping ring (42).
4. A spool seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the annular soft iron net (14) and the annular iron sheet (15) extend inwards from the port to the inner end surface of the annular inner hole (43).
5. A spool seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the length of the annular soft iron net (14) and the annular iron sheet (15) extending inwards from the port is not less than 15mm.
6. A short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the two ends of the connecting shaft (6) are respectively in pin joint with the coil shaft (7) and the snap ring shaft (4) through locking shaft pins (5), and the connecting shaft (6), the coil shaft (7) and the snap ring shaft (4) are respectively provided with adaptive pin holes (16, 17 and 18).
7. A short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: a manual switch (11) for controlling the on-off of the alternating current power supply is arranged on the insulating shell (9).
8. A detection method using the short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The inspection method of the short pipe seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection device according to claim 8, wherein the inspection method comprises the following steps: the tube seats corresponding to the angle measurement weld joint are 1 tube seat, 6 tube seats are arranged around the tube seat adjacent to the angle measurement weld joint, the tube seats are numbered from 2 tube seats to 7 tube seats in sequence, the clamping ring shaft (4) is respectively clamped between the 2 tube seats and 6 tube seats, between the 4 tube seats and 6 tube seats, between the 5 tube seats and 7 tube seats, and magnetic suspension is sequentially electrified according to the standard magnetization specification for application and observation; and then the magnetic suspension is sequentially electrified and applied to the No. 3 tube seat and the No. 5 tube seat, the No. 3 tube seat and the No. 7 tube seat, the No. 2 tube seat and the No. 4 tube seat according to the standard magnetization specification, and the full-circumference detection of the corresponding fillet weld of the No. 1 tube seat is completed.
10. The inspection method of the short pipe seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder inspection device according to claim 8, wherein the inspection method comprises the following steps: the C-shaped test piece (12) is firstly arranged on the surface of the angle-to-be-measured weld joint, and the detection is carried out after the sensitivity of the detection device is verified to reach the standard.
CN202210000921.2A 2022-01-04 2022-01-04 Short tube seat fillet weld defect magnetic powder detection device and method Active CN114509497B (en)

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