CN111505247A - Rock grouting test device and method based on centrifugal machine - Google Patents
Rock grouting test device and method based on centrifugal machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111505247A CN111505247A CN202010397129.6A CN202010397129A CN111505247A CN 111505247 A CN111505247 A CN 111505247A CN 202010397129 A CN202010397129 A CN 202010397129A CN 111505247 A CN111505247 A CN 111505247A
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- grouting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Abstract
The invention discloses a rock grouting test device and method based on a centrifugal machine. The centrifugal machine is arranged at the circle center of the annular guide rail, the liquid storage barrel is arranged in the main body of the centrifugal machine, the sample is arranged between the inner permeable stone and the outer permeable stone, the side surfaces of the inner permeable stone and the outer permeable stone are wrapped by the rubber film in a sealing mode and then arranged in the grouting barrel, and the grouting barrel is clamped on the annular guide rail and limited to slide along the annular guide rail. Confining pressure is applied to the sample. Obtaining the residual liquid amount of the penetrated sample by a centrifugal testQ 1 Inlet hydraulic pressureP in Outlet hydraulic pressureP out And residual grouting material amount in liquid storage barrel and centrifugal grouting pipeQ 2 . And calculating parameters such as grouting amount, average grouting pressure and the like. The invention can utilize a centrifuge to carry out physical simulation test on the rock mass sample, and the injection of the grouting material into the liquid inlet can change the rock mass under the natural gravity fieldThe grouting reinforcement test of confining pressure not only solves the defects in the prior art, but also provides a new test method and idea for researching the relevant performance of rock mass grouting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock grouting test device and method based on a centrifugal machine.
Background
The geotechnical centrifuge is a test device for geotechnical engineering physical simulation test, and improves the volume force of a geotechnical model by utilizing a centrifugal force field so as to simulate the behavior of a sample under a natural gravitational field. The simulation model can simulate the stress, deformation and damage of a prototype geotechnical structure, verify a design scheme, perform material parameter research, verify a mathematical model and a numerical analysis calculation result, explore new geotechnical engineering physical phenomena and the like, and therefore the simulation model has a wide application prospect in the field of geotechnical engineering.
In the prior art, the geotechnical centrifuge mainly comprises a driving system, a main shaft, a rotating arm, a movable bucket, a machine pit and the like. The object served by the current geotechnical centrifuge is mainly a soil sample, and the physical law of a rock sample cannot be researched. In fact, the stress states of the deep soil and the rock in the natural state have certain similarity in some aspects, and a similar test platform is also needed to simulate the original stress state of the rock as much as possible when a rock sample is researched. Furthermore, the existing small-sized rock grouting test equipment cannot effectively simulate the stress state of the sample in a natural stress field, and the obtained result is often in great difference with the engineering practice.
For the above reasons, a test device and a method capable of studying the relevant rules of rock mass samples are needed to be designed. The method is designed according to the requirements of rock mass grouting tests, can approximately simulate the stress state of the deep rock mass sample under the natural gravity field, performs the rock mass grouting reinforcement test, and provides a new test method and thought for researching rock mass grouting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a rock grouting test device and method based on a centrifugal machine, which can be used for carrying out a physical simulation test on a rock mass sample by using the centrifugal machine and carrying out a grouting reinforcement test on the rock mass under a natural gravity field, thereby not only solving the defects in the prior art, but also providing a new test method and thought for researching rock mass grouting.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a rock grouting test device based on a centrifugal machine comprises a grouting barrel, an outer sealing steel plate, an inner fixing steel plate, an inner permeable stone, an outer permeable stone, a residual liquid storage measuring cylinder, the centrifugal machine, an annular guide rail and a liquid storage barrel.
The centrifugal machine is arranged at the circle center of the annular guide rail, the liquid storage barrel is arranged on the main body of the centrifugal machine, and the liquid storage barrel is provided with a centrifugal grouting pipe.
The inner permeable stone is arranged at the bottom in the grouting barrel, and a spring and a ratchet type one-way valve are arranged between the inner permeable stone and the bottom of the grouting barrel, so that initial axial pressure can be provided for a sample. The outer permeable stone is arranged at the opening of the grouting barrel. During the experiment, the sample is placed between the inner permeable stone and the outer permeable stone, and the side surfaces of the inner permeable stone and the outer permeable stone are sealed and wrapped by the rubber film.
The inner fixing steel plate is clamped at the bottom of the grouting barrel, and the outer sealing steel plate seals and blocks the opening of the grouting barrel. The inner fixed steel plate and the outer sealing steel plate are clamped on the annular guide rail, and the slip casting barrel is limited to slide along the annular guide rail.
The center of the inner permeable stone is provided with a grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe passes through the grouting barrel and the inner fixed steel plate to be connected with the centrifugal grouting pipe. The ratchet type one-way valve is composed of a pawl and a ratchet, the ratchet is fixed on the grouting pipe, the pawl is hinged on the inner permeable stone, and the front end of the pawl is clamped on the ratchet; when the centrifuge is in operation, the rock sample generates centrifugal compression movement due to the Poisson effect, the pawl moves along with the centrifugal compression movement, but the sample cannot rebound when the centrifuge is stopped.
The residual liquid storage measuring cylinder is fixed outside the outer sealing steel plate, the outer permeable stone is provided with a residual slurry outlet, and the residual slurry outlet penetrates through the outer sealing steel plate to be connected into the residual liquid storage measuring cylinder.
And the bottom of the grouting barrel is provided with a hydraulic oil inlet for applying confining pressure to a sample.
Therefore, the grouting barrel is positioned on the annular guide rail and is connected with the centrifuge main body into a whole through the centrifugal grouting pipe, and the grouting barrel can do centrifugal motion through the driving of the centrifuge.
Furthermore, the sharp angle of the ratchet is 18 degrees, and the included angle between the outer edge of the pawl and the grouting pipe is 63 degrees.
Further, an outlet hydraulic pressure sensor is arranged at the residual pulp outlet.
Further, the internal diameter of the centrifugal grouting pipe is linearly reduced from the middle part to increase the end grouting pressure, a check valve is arranged at the front end (the end close to the liquid storage barrel), and an inlet hydraulic sensor is arranged at the tail end.
A rock grouting test method of a rock grouting test device based on a centrifugal machine comprises the following steps:
step 1) placing a sample between an inner permeable stone and an outer permeable stone, and sealing the side face by using a rubber film; rotating the pawl to an angle away from the ratchet; inserting the grouting pipe into the sample, and clamping the pawl on the innermost ratchet; and the outer sealing steel plate and the inner fixing steel plate are fixedly sealed by high-strength bolts and support rods.
Step 2) injecting oil into the grouting barrel through a hydraulic oil inlet and outlet, applying confining pressure to the sample, and applying the confining pressure to the required confining pressureP c Stopping oiling; the volume of the liquid is poured into the liquid storage barrelQ General assembly The grouting material of (1).
Step 3), starting the centrifuge to start a test; after the test is finished, the readings of the grouting materials in the residual liquid storage measuring cylinder are read in sequenceQ 1 Inlet hydraulic sensor pressure readingP in Pressure indication of outlet hydraulic sensorP out (ii) a Finally, residual grouting materials in the liquid storage barrel and the centrifugal grouting pipe are flushed into the measuring cylinder by using an air compressor, and the residual grouting materials are countedQ 2 。
And 4) calculating parameters such as grouting amount, average grouting pressure and the like:
amount of grouting
；
Mean grouting pressure
。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device and the method can carry out a physical simulation test on the rock mass sample, and the grouting reinforcement test of the rock mass under a natural gravity field can be carried out by injecting the grouting material into the liquid inlet, so that the defects in the prior art are overcome, and a new test method and a new thought are provided for researching rock mass grouting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural sectional view of a grouting barrel part of a centrifuge-based rock grouting test device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall view of a centrifuge-based rock grouting test device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the spring and ratchet type check valve according to the embodiment of the present invention; wherein, a is a structural schematic diagram of the spring and the ratchet type check valve, b is an enlarged schematic diagram of the ratchet type check valve, and c is a partial enlarged diagram of the pawl and the ratchet.
In the figure: 1-high-strength bolt, 2-support rod, 3-outer sealing steel plate, 4-grouting barrel, 5-rubber film, 6-spring and ratchet type one-way valve, 7-grouting pipe, 8-residual slurry outlet, 9-inner permeable stone, 10-outer permeable stone, 11-residual liquid storage measuring cylinder, 12-hydraulic oil inlet and outlet, 13-hydraulic oil inlet and outlet valve, 14-inner fixing steel plate and 15-guide rail; 16-a liquid inlet pipe and a pipe plug, 17-a centrifuge body, 18-a liquid storage barrel, 19-a check valve and 20-a centrifugal grouting pipe; 21-high-strength spring, 22-pawl, 23-ratchet; 24-inlet hydraulic pressure sensor, 25-outlet hydraulic pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example (b):
a rock grouting test device based on a centrifugal machine comprises a high-strength bolt 1, a support rod 2, an outer sealing steel plate 3, a grouting barrel 4, a rubber film 5, a spring, a ratchet type one-way valve 6, a grouting pipe 7, a residual slurry outlet 8, an inner permeable stone 9, an outer permeable stone 10, a residual liquid storage measuring cylinder 11, a hydraulic oil inlet and outlet 12, a hydraulic oil inlet and outlet valve 13, an inner fixing steel plate 14, a guide rail 15, a liquid inlet pipe and pipe plug 16, a centrifugal machine main body 17, a liquid storage barrel 18, a check valve 19, a centrifugal grouting pipe 20, an inlet hydraulic sensor 24 and an outlet hydraulic sensor 25.
As shown in fig. 1, an inner permeable stone 9 and an outer permeable stone 10 are respectively arranged at two ends of a sample, and the sides of the inner permeable stone and the outer permeable stone are hermetically wrapped by a rubber film 5; a small hole is reserved in the center of the inner permeable stone 9, and a copper needle-shaped grouting pipe 7 is inserted; a spring and a ratchet type one-way valve 6 are arranged between the inner permeable stone 9 and the grouting barrel 4, so that initial axial pressure can be provided for a sample, and the sample is ensured not to retract due to test stop after deformation due to Poisson effect; the outer permeable stone 10 is fixed in a clamping groove of the outer sealing steel plate 3, a small hole is reserved at the upper part of the outer permeable stone, a residual slurry outlet 8 is formed by the small hole reserved at the middle upper part of the outer sealing steel plate 3, an outlet hydraulic sensor 25 is arranged at the outlet, and the residual slurry outlet 8 is connected with a residual liquid storage measuring cylinder 11 with scales through threads; the outer sealing steel plate 3 seals and seals the opening of the grouting barrel 4, and the outer sealing steel plate 3 and the inner fixing steel plate 14 are fastened through high-strength bolts 1 and three support rods 2 and used for sealing and fixing the whole grouting barrel 4; the innermost lower end of the grouting barrel 4 is provided with a hydraulic oil inlet and outlet 12 and a hydraulic oil inlet and outlet valve 13 which are used for applying confining pressure to the sample; the inner fixed steel plate and the outer sealed steel plate are clamped on the annular guide rail 15, namely the whole device is positioned on the annular guide rail 15, is connected with the centrifuge main body 17 through the centrifugal grouting pipe 20 and can do centrifugal motion through the driving of the centrifuge.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid storage barrel 18 is arranged inside the centrifuge body 17 and is connected with a centrifugal grouting pipe 20; the front end of the centrifugal grouting pipe 20 is provided with a check valve 19, so that liquid grouting materials can only pass through in one direction, the tail end of the centrifugal grouting pipe is provided with an inlet hydraulic sensor 24, and the centrifugal grouting pipe is fixedly connected with the copper needle-shaped grouting pipe 7; the inner diameter of the centrifugal grouting pipe 20 is linearly reduced from the middle part, so that a larger grouting pressure is provided for the tail end; during the test, the grouting material enters the liquid storage barrel 18 through the liquid inlet pipe 16, enters the centrifugal grouting pipe 20 through the check valve 19 in a one-way mode, is injected into the rock mass sample through the grouting pipe 7, and the redundant grouting material enters the residual liquid storage measuring cylinder 11 through the residual slurry outlet 8.
As shown in fig. 3, the spring 21 is a high-strength spring. The ratchet type one-way valve 6 consists of two pawls 22 and ratchets 23; the high-strength spring 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the grouting barrel 4 and is compressed during sample loading, so that an initial axial pressure is provided for a sample; the ratchet 23 is fixedly connected with the grouting pipe 7, the two pawls are respectively hinged on the inner permeable stone 9 and are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the grouting pipe 7, the pawls can be clamped on the ratchet, and the unlocking can be controlled by rotating the pawl control line 222 and the return spring 221; the sharp angle of the ratchet is 18 degrees, and the included angle between the outer edge of the pawl and the grouting pipe is 63 degrees. When the centrifuge is in operation, the rock sample is compressed and moved from left to right in fig. 1 by the poisson effect, the pawl 22 moves accordingly, but the sample does not rebound when the centrifuge is stopped.
A rock grouting test method of a rock grouting test device based on a centrifugal machine comprises the following steps:
step 1) placing a standard sample between an inner permeable stone 9 and an outer permeable stone 10, and sealing the side surface by using a rubber film 5; a pawl control line passes through a small hole reserved at the middle lower part of the pawl 22 and is tightened by hand, so that the two pawls 22 rotate to an angle away from the ratchet teeth 23; inserting a sample on the grouting pipe 7 from a reserved hole in the center of the inner permeable stone 9, loosening a pawl control line and pulling down, and clamping a pawl 22 on an innermost ratchet 23; the high-strength bolt 1 and the support rod 2 are used for fixedly sealing the outer sealing steel plate 3 and the inner fixing steel plate 14.
Step 2) opening a hydraulic oil inlet and outlet valve 13, connecting an external confining pressure applying system at a hydraulic oil inlet and outlet 12, and applying the confining pressure to the required confining pressureP c Closing the valve and temporarily moving the external confining pressure applying system away; opening the plug 16 and pouring in a volume of
And then sealed with a plug.
Step 3), starting the centrifuge to start a test; after the test is finished, reading the readings in the residual liquid storage measuring cylinder 11 in sequenceQ 1 Inlet hydraulic pressure sensor 24 readingP in Outlet hydraulic pressure sensor 25P out Then disassembling in a reverse order according to the test steps; finally, the air compressor is utilized to flush the residual grouting materials in the liquid storage barrel 18 and the centrifugal grouting pipe 20 into the measuring cylinder, and the reading is readQ 2 (ii) a Finally, the sample is stored and the instrument is cleanedA device.
And 4) calculating parameters such as grouting amount, average grouting pressure and the like: amount of grouting
Mean grouting pressure
。
Claims (5)
1. A rock grouting test device based on a centrifugal machine comprises a grouting barrel, an outer sealing steel plate, an inner fixing steel plate, an inner permeable stone, an outer permeable stone, a residual liquid storage measuring cylinder, the centrifugal machine, an annular guide rail and a liquid storage barrel; the method is characterized in that:
the centrifugal machine is arranged at the circle center of the annular guide rail, the liquid storage barrel is arranged on the main body of the centrifugal machine, and the liquid storage barrel is provided with a centrifugal grouting pipe;
the inner permeable stone is arranged at the bottom in the grouting barrel, a spring and a ratchet type one-way valve are arranged between the inner permeable stone and the bottom of the grouting barrel, and the outer permeable stone is arranged at the opening of the grouting barrel; during the experiment, a sample is placed between the inner permeable stone and the outer permeable stone, and the side surfaces of the inner permeable stone and the outer permeable stone are hermetically wrapped by a rubber film;
the inner fixed steel plate is clamped at the bottom of the grouting barrel, and the outer sealing steel plate seals and blocks the opening of the grouting barrel; the inner fixed steel plate and the outer sealing steel plate are clamped on the annular guide rail to limit the slip casting barrel to slide along the annular guide rail;
the center of the inner permeable stone is provided with a grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe passes through the grouting barrel and the inner fixed steel plate to be connected with the centrifugal grouting pipe; the ratchet type one-way valve is composed of a pawl and a ratchet, the ratchet is fixed on the grouting pipe, the pawl is hinged on the inner permeable stone, and the front end of the pawl is clamped on the ratchet;
the residual liquid storage measuring cylinder is fixed outside the outer sealing steel plate, the outer permeable stone is provided with a residual slurry outlet, and the residual slurry outlet penetrates through the outer sealing steel plate and is connected to the residual liquid storage measuring cylinder;
and the bottom of the grouting barrel is provided with a hydraulic oil inlet for applying confining pressure to a sample.
2. The centrifuge-based rock grouting test device according to claim 1, wherein: the sharp angle of the ratchet is 18 degrees, and the included angle between the outer edge of the pawl and the grouting pipe is 63 degrees.
3. The centrifuge-based rock grouting test device according to claim 1, wherein: and an outlet hydraulic sensor is arranged at the residual pulp outlet.
4. The centrifuge-based rock grouting test device according to claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the centrifugal grouting pipe is linearly reduced from the middle part, a check valve is arranged at the front end, and an inlet hydraulic sensor is arranged at the tail end.
5. A method of performing a rock grouting test using the centrifuge based rock grouting test apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step 1, placing a sample between an inner permeable stone and an outer permeable stone, and sealing the side surface by using a rubber film; rotating the pawl to an angle away from the ratchet; inserting the grouting pipe into the sample, and clamping the pawl on the innermost ratchet; the outer sealing steel plate and the inner fixing steel plate are fixedly sealed by a high-strength bolt and a support rod;
step 2, injecting oil into the grouting barrel through a hydraulic oil inlet and a hydraulic oil outlet, applying confining pressure to the sample, and applying the confining pressure to the required confining pressureP c Stopping oiling; the volume of the liquid is poured into the liquid storage barrelQ General assembly The grouting material of (1);
step 3, starting the centrifuge to start the test; after the test is finished, the readings of the grouting materials in the residual liquid storage measuring cylinder are read in sequenceQ 1 Inlet hydraulic sensor pressure readingP in Pressure indication of outlet hydraulic sensorP out (ii) a Finally, residual grouting materials in the liquid storage barrel and the centrifugal grouting pipe are flushed into the measuring cylinder by using an air compressor, and the residual grouting materials are countedQ 2 ；
And 4, calculating parameters such as grouting quantity, average grouting pressure and the like:
amount of grouting
；
Mean grouting pressure
。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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