CN111504374A - Early warning device and early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection - Google Patents
Early warning device and early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection Download PDFInfo
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- CN111504374A CN111504374A CN202010337137.1A CN202010337137A CN111504374A CN 111504374 A CN111504374 A CN 111504374A CN 202010337137 A CN202010337137 A CN 202010337137A CN 111504374 A CN111504374 A CN 111504374A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
Abstract
The invention discloses an early warning device and an early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection, wherein the early warning device is vertical to a tunnel segment and is arranged in an observation hole of a water-bearing soil layer, and comprises a permeable pipe, a temperature sensor, a water pressure measuring meter and a monitoring terminal; the temperature sensors are arranged in the water permeable pipe at intervals along the length direction of the water permeable pipe and form waterproof temperature measuring lines; the water pressure meter is arranged on a four-way valve at the outer end of the water permeable pipe, and the temperature sensor and the water pressure meter are connected with the monitoring terminal; and the monitoring terminal calculates the development speed of the frozen wall according to the acquired temperature and water pressure data and judges the ring-crossing time of the frozen wall. The early warning device and the early warning method for subway contact channel frozen wall intersection provided by the invention have reasonable structure, provide early warning for aquifer frozen wall intersection in the construction of a freezing method, effectively improve the accuracy of judgment of frozen wall intersection and improve the safety and reliability of subway contact channel construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation, and particularly relates to an early warning device and an early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall ring crossing.
Background
The judgment of the frozen wall ring-crossing is a key node in the construction process of the artificial stratum freezing project, and whether the frozen wall ring-crossing can be accurately judged is an important technical link for whether the project can be carried out according to a plan. The construction of subway communication channels by a freezing method is no exception. Although the quantity of the connection channel construction work is not large, the influence of complex hydrological conditions of urban superficial strata and various artificial factors is large, for example, the frozen walls cannot be circled according to the period due to overlarge underground water flow speed. During construction, complete and credible temperature measurement data analysis is often lacked, so that misjudgment of circle-crossing time is caused, or water outlet accidents are caused by early excavation, or resources are wasted by artificially prolonging freezing time; both of which lead to a prolonged construction period and an increased construction cost.
At present, the judgment of the contact channel frozen wall cross ring is mainly judged by temperature data of a temperature measuring hole and water pressure of a hydrological hole. The hydrological hole is provided with a base meter water pressure gauge at the hole opening to observe water pressure change. The subway communication channel is positioned in an aquifer, and the principle of adopting manual freezing curtain construction is as follows: in the peripheral soil body of the connection channel excavation support, a circle of freezers are arranged at intervals in advance, freezing cylinders are formed on the periphery of the freezers on the basis that the freezers absorb the heat of the stratum, the freezing cylinders are close to each other and are overlapped with each other along with the prolonging of freezing time, and finally a closed freezing curtain is formed; if the frozen wall is not completely coiled, the internal water pressure lacks the power to rise.
The hydrological hole is used as a freezing wall intersection ring alarm just based on the artificial stratum freezing principle. In engineering practice, however, various complicated construction factors, such as the blockage failure of the hydrological hole, the early freezing of the hydrological hole, the arrangement in a clay layer and the like, often occur, so that the hydrological hole report failure is caused.
Therefore, a pre-warning device and a pre-warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection are needed to be designed to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least some technical problems in the prior art to a certain extent, and provides an early warning device and an early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an early warning device for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection, which is vertical to a tunnel segment, arranged in an observation hole of a water-bearing soil layer and comprises a water permeable pipe, a temperature sensor, a water pressure measuring meter and a monitoring terminal; the temperature sensors are arranged in the water permeable pipe at intervals along the length direction of the water permeable pipe and form waterproof temperature measuring lines; the water pressure meter is arranged on a four-way valve at the outer end of the water permeable pipe, and the temperature sensor and the water pressure meter are connected with the monitoring terminal; and the monitoring terminal calculates the development speed of the frozen wall according to the acquired temperature and water pressure data and judges the ring-crossing time of the frozen wall.
As a preferred embodiment, the four-way valve is further provided with a digital display water pressure transmitter and a digital temperature collector, the digital display water pressure transmitter is connected with the water pressure measuring meter to transmit water pressure data to the monitoring terminal in real time, and the digital temperature collector is connected with the temperature sensor to transmit temperature data to the monitoring terminal in real time.
As a preferential embodiment, the outer side of the permeable pipe is provided with a filter screen, the number of layers of the filter screen is 1-2, and the filter screen is 30-100 meshes.
As a preferred embodiment, the outer end of the water permeable pipe penetrates through the tunnel segment, the part of the water permeable pipe extending out of the tunnel segment is not provided with water permeable holes, and the extending length of the water permeable pipe is 300-500 mm.
Temperature field of unfrozen region in communication channel:
as a preferred embodiment, the temperature development formula of the unfrozen water-containing region in the frozen wall is as follows:
as a preferred embodiment, the formula for the development of internal water pressure after the frozen wall turns is:
wherein p is0Is the initial pressure of the unfrozen area inside the frozen wall after the wall is coiled, D0Is initially, etcThe effective diameter, α, is the initial volumetric water content of this volume of unfrozen soil, and β is the volumetric modulus of elasticity.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses an early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall ring-crossing, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a warning device
The observation tube with the temperature measurement and filtration tube is inserted into the water-containing stratum 15 near the center of the communication channel, and the exposed end of the observation tube on the inner side of the tunnel segment 12 is provided with a water pressure measuring meter 5, a digital display water pressure transmitter 6 and a digital temperature collector 7, so as to set an alarm value.
And S2, performing observation of the original water pressure and the ground temperature of the stratum.
And S3, detecting the longitudinal temperature of the observation hole when the communication channel is frozen, comparing the longitudinal temperature with a theoretical analysis solution, judging whether the temperature in the frozen wall is in a descending trend, and if not, checking the abnormal operation of freezing until the system is normal and the temperature descending trend appears.
And S4, detecting the water pressure in the measuring hole of the tube in parallel with the S3, and starting frozen wall intersection alarm when the temperature in the frozen wall is reduced to a preset temperature range and the water pressure is increased sharply to reach a pressure early warning value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the early warning device and the early warning method for the frozen wall intersection of the subway communication channel, which are provided by the invention, have reasonable structure, provide early warning for the frozen wall intersection of the aquifer in the construction of the freezing method, and effectively improve the accuracy of the judgment of the frozen wall intersection. The invention also has the following advantages: (1) the structure is simple to process, convenient to install and low in manufacturing cost; (2) the system can be used for directly observing and recording on site, and can also be used for carrying out real-time and timely data reporting in an unattended manner; (3) the method accords with the development direction of the Internet of things technology, and is favorable for improving the safety and reliability of municipal underground engineering construction.
Drawings
The above advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated from the detailed description set forth below when taken in conjunction with the drawings, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting, of the invention and in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an early warning device for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a temperature field model of a molten earth zone within a frozen wall according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall ring crossing according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the early warning step for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection;
FIG. 6 is a water pressure monitoring diagram within the staggered observation holes of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of temperature trend monitoring within the cross-hatched observation hole of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a mathematical model of water pressure development in the unfrozen region after wall looping.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 8 are related schematic diagrams of an early warning device and an early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall circle-crossing according to the present application, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
The examples described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, are intended to be illustrative and exemplary in nature, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art will be able to employ other technical solutions which are obvious based on the disclosure of the claims and the specification of the present application, and these technical solutions include technical solutions which make any obvious replacement or modification for the embodiments described herein.
The drawings in the present specification are schematic views to assist in explaining the concept of the present invention, and schematically show the shapes of respective portions and their mutual relationships. It is noted that the drawings are not necessarily to the same scale so as to clearly illustrate the structures of the various elements of the embodiments of the invention. Like reference numerals are used to denote like parts.
The invention relates to a structural schematic diagram of an early warning device for subway communication channel frozen wall ring crossing, which is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and is vertical to a tunnel segment 12 and arranged in an observation hole 10 of a water-bearing soil layer 15, wherein the early warning device for the frozen wall ring crossing comprises a water permeable pipe 1, a temperature sensor 3, a water pressure meter 5 and a monitoring terminal 13; a temperature sensor 3 is arranged in the water permeable pipe 1, and the temperature sensors 3 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the water permeable pipe 1 to form a waterproof temperature measuring line 2; the water pressure measuring meter 5 is arranged on a four-way valve 4 at the outer end of the water permeable pipe 1, and the temperature sensor 3 and the water pressure measuring meter 5 are connected with a monitoring terminal 13; and the monitoring terminal 13 calculates the development speed of the frozen wall according to the acquired temperature and water pressure data, and judges the ring-crossing time of the frozen wall.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the interval between the adjacent temperature sensors 3 is 200mm to 500mm, and preferably, the interval between the adjacent temperature sensors 3 is 200mm or more, in order to accurately measure the temperature of the aquifer layer 15. As an aspect of this embodiment, the temperature sensor 3 is a DS18B20 temperature sensor, outputs a digital signal, has the characteristics of small size, low hardware overhead, strong anti-interference capability, and high precision, and can accurately measure the temperature of the aquifer 15 along the depth direction of the observation hole 10, that is, the longitudinal temperature of the aquifer 15.
As an embodiment of the invention, the four-way valve 4 is further provided with a digital display water pressure transmitter 6 and a digital temperature collector 7, the digital display water pressure transmitter 6 is connected with the water pressure meter 5 to transmit water pressure data to the monitoring terminal 13 in real time, and the digital temperature collector 7 is connected with the temperature sensor 3 to transmit temperature data to the monitoring terminal 13 in real time. Specifically, the digital display water pressure transmitter 6 and the digital temperature collector 7 may be connected to the monitoring terminal 13 in a wireless manner, such as Wifi technology, Zigbee technology or bluetooth technology. Preferably, the digital display water pressure transmitter 6 and the digital temperature collector 7 can be connected with the monitoring terminal 13 through a Wifi technology. As a variation of this embodiment, the digital display water pressure transmitter 6 and the digital temperature collector 7 may be connected to the monitoring terminal 13 in a wired manner, such as RS485 data line connection.
As one aspect of this embodiment, a filter screen 9 is disposed outside the permeable pipe 1, the number of layers of the filter screen 9 is 1-2, the filter screen 9 is 30-100 mesh, and the corresponding aperture is 0.15 mm-1.5 mm. As a preferred embodiment, the filter screen 9 is 50 mesh.
As another embodiment of the invention, the outer end of the permeable pipe 1 penetrates through the tunnel segment 12, the part of the permeable pipe 1 extending out of the tunnel segment 12 has no permeable holes, and the extending length of the permeable pipe 1 is 300mm-500 mm. The water permeable pipe 1 is extended to provide a mounting space for the orifice sealing bolt 8, and the four-way valve 4 at the outer end of the water permeable pipe 1 and the detection part thereon are also mounted.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a model of a temperature field of a soil melting region in a frozen wall, and the temperature calculation of the water-bearing soil layer 15 is solved by analyzing the frozen temperature field based on a communication channel.
According to the symmetry principle, the section length of the distance between an upper hole and a lower hole at the position of the observation hole is observed based on the intersection ring of the frozen wall of the communication channel, and the section length is horizontally intercepted and used as a temperature field calculation model. The thermal conductivity of the upper and lower boundary melts (underfrazen) is au(m2H); the temperature coefficient of frozen earth (freezen) is af(m2H); coefficient of thermal conductivity Ku(J/m/. degree.C.); bulk density of molten soil rho (kg/m)3) (ii) a Cubic meter frozen soil latent heat q (J/m)3) (ii) a The distance between two rows of freezing holes is S, and S is 2 d; the dynamic soil development coefficient is m; the freezing hole 16 has a refrigerating capacity Q.
(1) The frozen wall 11 is expanded and the coefficient m is solved:
(2) temperature field function T of melting zoneu(r, t) expression:
wherein r is the radial distance between the cross-coil observation hole and the freezing holes at two sides, and the unit is m; t is the freezing time.
(3) And (3) expressing the superposed temperature field of the two-hole frozen soil melting area:
(4) in a rectangular coordinate system, the temperature field of the melting soil region built by a logarithmic function is approximately expressed according to (3):
temperature of the spot between the two rows of holes:
FIG. 8 is a mathematical model of melt water pressure in the communication channel:
hooke's law based on hydraulic elastic compression:
obtaining an analytic general expression of the water pressure state in the frozen wall 11:
initial pressure p of inner unfrozen area after frozen wall ring0Initial equivalent diameter of D0The initial volumetric water content of this partial volume of unfrozen soil is α. the velocity of the inward development of the frozen wall of the communication channel is as in equation V, and after time t, the volume of unfrozen soil in the communication channel, V:
newly increased freezing volume delta V after t hours from the beginning of circle-crossingsComprises the following steps:
ΔVs＝π(D0-vt)vt (8)
the water in the part of unfrozen soil is frozen, the volume is expanded by 9 percent, and the volume of the formed water is as follows:
ΔV＝0.09αΔVs＝0.09απ(D0-vt)vt (9)
this water is compressed to the volume of unfrozen water expressed in (7), i.e. the volume (7) is reduced by (9), while the volume is compressed to (10):
the internal water pressure after the freeze-thaw cycle obtained according to (7) and (10) is increased to p formula:
the formula of inner ring water pressure of the frozen wall is as follows:
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall ring crossing according to the present invention, firstly, the water pressure and temperature in the water-containing soil layer 15 are measured by the early warning device for frozen wall ring crossing, and when the digital pressure transmitter reaches the set water pressure value, a preliminary alarm can be given, so that the staff can timely and intensively check the water pressure and internal temperature conditions, and a software analysis program is started. And according to the analytical analysis theory calculation method, analyzing and comparing the temperature and pressure data in the frozen wall, and determining the final diagnosis and alarm of the frozen wall intersection ring. When the water pressure reaches the early warning value, whether the temperature of the water-containing soil layer shows a descending trend needs to be observed, and when the temperature reaches the position close to the temperature warning value, the frozen wall intersection can be judged.
The invention also discloses an early warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall ring-crossing, a flow chart of which is shown in figure 5 and comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a warning device
The observation tube with the temperature measurement and filtration tube is inserted into the water-containing stratum 15 near the center of the communication channel, and the exposed end of the observation tube on the inner side of the tunnel segment 12 is provided with a water pressure measuring meter 5, a digital display water pressure transmitter 6 and a digital temperature collector 7, so as to set an alarm value.
And S2, performing observation of the original water pressure and the ground temperature of the stratum.
And S3, detecting the longitudinal temperature of the observation hole when the communication channel starts to freeze, comparing the longitudinal temperature with a theoretical analysis solution, judging whether the temperature in the freezing wall is in a descending trend (refer to fig. 7), if not, checking the abnormal freezing operation until the system is normal and the temperature descending trend appears.
And S4, detecting the water pressure in the measuring hole of the tube in parallel with S3 (refer to fig. 6), and when the temperature in the frozen wall is reduced to a certain temperature range (such as 5-10 ℃), and if the water pressure is increased sharply and reaches a pressure early warning value (such as 2-3 times of the original water pressure), alarming at the frozen wall intersection.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of theoretical curve pressure-time, actual measurement water pressure in the circle monitoring holes and an early warning set value in formula (11); fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of temperature-time curve, actually measured temperature value in the cross-wound monitoring hole and reference warning temperature according to the theoretical formula (4-2), and according to the flow chart 5, the cross-wound of the frozen wall can be comprehensively and accurately judged under the condition of judging the consistency of the temperature and pressure curves. Specifically, the water pressure value in the observation hole rises to the warning value, and the observation temperature trend is consistent with the theoretical value curve trend, presents a descending trend and reaches the position near the temperature warning value. The frozen wall intersection can be judged. When the temperature and the pressure meet the freezing requirement and the excavation condition, field workers can be reminded in time to ensure smooth excavation and ensure construction safety.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the early warning device and the early warning method for subway contact channel frozen wall intersection provided by the invention are reasonable in structure, provide early warning for aquifer frozen wall intersection in the freezing method construction, effectively improve the accuracy of frozen wall intersection judgment and improve the safety and reliability of subway contact channel construction.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by the teaching of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which are the same as or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The early warning device for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection is characterized in that the early warning device is perpendicular to a tunnel segment and arranged in an observation hole of a water-containing soil layer, and comprises a water permeable pipe, a temperature sensor, a water pressure measuring meter and a monitoring terminal; the temperature sensors are arranged in the water permeable pipe at intervals along the length direction of the water permeable pipe and form waterproof temperature measuring lines; the water pressure meter is arranged on a four-way valve at the outer end of the water permeable pipe, and the temperature sensor and the water pressure meter are connected with the monitoring terminal; and the monitoring terminal analyzes the development of the frozen wall according to the acquired temperature and water pressure data and judges the ring-crossing time of the frozen wall.
2. The early warning device for subway communication channel frozen wall coil crossing as claimed in claim 1, wherein said four-way valve is further provided with a digital display water pressure transmitter and a digital temperature collector, said digital display water pressure transmitter is connected with a water pressure meter to transmit water pressure data to a monitoring terminal in real time, said digital temperature collector is connected with a temperature sensor to transmit temperature data to the monitoring terminal in real time.
3. The early warning device for subway communication channel frozen wall ring-closing as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water permeable pipe is provided with a filter screen at its outer side, the number of layers of said filter screen is 1-2, the filter screen is 30-100 mesh.
4. The early warning device for subway communication channel frozen wall coil as claimed in claim 1, wherein said outer end of said water permeable pipe passes through tunnel tube sheet, said water permeable pipe has no water permeable holes on its portion extending out of said tunnel tube sheet, said water permeable pipe has a length of 300mm-500 mm.
5. The observation hole of claim 1 used for groundThe temperature reduction trend of the soil-melting water-containing area in the frozen wall of the iron communication channel is characterized in that the temperature development trend curve in the observation hole of the unfrozen area in the frozen wall is as follows:
6. the early warning device for the intersection of the frozen walls of the subway communication channel as claimed in claim 5, wherein the formula of the development of the water pressure after the intersection of the frozen walls is:
wherein p is0Is the initial pressure of the unfrozen area inside the frozen wall after the wall is coiled, D0Is the initial equivalent diameter, α is the initial volumetric water content of this volume of unfrozen soil, β is the volumetric elastic compressibility.
7. A pre-warning method for subway communication channel frozen wall intersection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting a warning device
Inserting an observation tube with a temperature measuring and filtering tube into a water-containing stratum 15 near the center of a communication channel, installing a water pressure measuring meter 5, a digital display water pressure transmitter 6 and a digital temperature collector 7 at the exposed end of the inner side of a tunnel segment 12, and setting an alarm value;
s2, observing the original water pressure and the ground temperature of the stratum;
s3, detecting the longitudinal temperature of the observation hole when the communication channel is frozen, comparing the longitudinal temperature with a theoretical analysis solution, judging whether the temperature in the frozen wall is in a descending trend, if not, checking the abnormal operation of freezing until the system is normal and the temperature descending trend appears;
and S4, detecting the water pressure in the measuring hole of the tube in parallel with the S3, and starting frozen wall intersection alarm when the temperature in the frozen wall is reduced to a preset temperature range and the water pressure is increased sharply to reach a pressure early warning value.
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| CN113153312A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-23 | 广东华隧建设集团股份有限公司 | Construction and monitoring method for freezing soft and hard strata of subway communication channel |
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| CN111504374B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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