CN111504296A - Optical transceiver module and optical fiber sensing device - Google Patents
Optical transceiver module and optical fiber sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111504296A CN111504296A CN202010330351.4A CN202010330351A CN111504296A CN 111504296 A CN111504296 A CN 111504296A CN 202010330351 A CN202010330351 A CN 202010330351A CN 111504296 A CN111504296 A CN 111504296A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4206—Optical features
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an optical transceiver module, which comprises a tube shell, a light source, a lens group, a splitter and a receiver. The light source is used for emitting an emergent light beam. The emergent light beams are converged into a convergent light beam through a lens group. The shunt is arranged on one side of the lens group far away from the light source. The splitter includes a first port, a second port, and a third port. The convergent light beam enters the branching unit from the first port, and the convergent light beam exits from the third port. The incident beam enters the splitter from the third port, and the incident beam exits from the second port to the receiver. The receiver is used for converting the incident light beam into an electrical signal. The light source, the lens group, the splitter and the receiver are packaged in the tube shell, so that the optical fiber fusion between the devices is reduced, the optical fiber fusion device has the characteristics of high integration level, small volume and low cost, the size and the assembly complexity of the optical transceiver module are greatly reduced, and the manufacturing difficulty and the cost of the optical transceiver module are reduced. The application also provides an optical fiber sensing device, which comprises the optical transceiver module.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to an optical transceiver module and an optical fiber sensing device.
Background
Optical fiber sensing device for example optical fiber gyroscope is an instrument and equipment that can external physical quantity of accurate measurement, and among the prior art, optical fiber gyroscope includes light source, receiver and branching unit, and above-mentioned device is discrete device, passes through the fused fiber splice between light source, receiver and the branching unit and connects, so, can lead to optical fiber sensing device bulky.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing an optical transceiver module and an optical fiber sensing device, which have the characteristics of high integration and small volume. In order to achieve the above beneficial effects, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:
an aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an optical transceiver module, including:
a light source for emitting an outgoing light beam;
a lens group through which the outgoing light beam is converged into a converging light beam;
the splitter is positioned on one side, far away from the light source, of the lens group and comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, the convergent light beam enters the splitter from the first port, and the convergent light beam exits from the third port;
a receiver, wherein an incident light beam enters the splitter from the third port, and the incident light beam exits from the second port to the receiver, and the receiver is used for converting the incident light beam into an electrical signal; and
a package, the light source, the lens assembly, the splitter, and the receiver all located within the package.
Further, the lens group includes:
the collimating lens is used for collimating the emergent light beam into a parallel light beam; and
and the focusing lens is positioned between the collimating lens and the splitter and is used for converging the parallel light beams into the converging light beams.
Further, the light source, the optical axis of the collimating lens, the optical axis of the focusing lens and the optical axis of the splitter are located on the same plane.
Further, the optical transceiver module includes:
the temperature sensing unit is positioned in the tube shell and used for sensing the working temperature of the light source; and
and the refrigeration unit is positioned in the pipe shell and is used for adjusting the working temperature to a set temperature.
Further, the temperature sensing unit is a thermistor, and the refrigeration unit is a semiconductor refrigerator.
Further, the splitter is a planar optical waveguide splitter.
Further, a tolerance between a spot diameter of the converging light beam and a mode field diameter of the first port is ± 6%.
Further, the receiver includes:
and the PIN photoelectric detection diode is used for converting the incident light beam into a current signal.
Further, the receiver includes:
and the trans-impedance amplifier is connected with the PIN photoelectric detection diode and converts a current signal of the PIN photoelectric detection diode into a voltage signal.
Another aspect of the present invention provides an optical fiber sensing device, including any one of the above optical transceiver modules.
The light transceiver module that this application embodiment provided, light source, battery of lens, branching unit and receiver encapsulate in the tube, reduce the optical fiber fusion between each device, have that the integrated level is high, small, the lower characteristic of cost, greatly reduced the size of light transceiver module and the complexity of assembly, reduced light transceiver module's the preparation degree of difficulty and cost, can also reduce the insertion loss that the optical fiber fusion brought. The light source emits an emergent light beam with a certain divergence angle, the emergent light beam is converged into a convergent light beam through the lens group, and therefore the lens group couples the energy of the emergent light beam into the first port to the maximum extent, and the coupling efficiency is improved. The embodiment of the application also provides an optical fiber sensing device, which comprises the optical transceiver module and has the same beneficial effects as the optical transceiver module.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of the optical transceiver module in fig. 1.
Description of the reference numerals
An optical transceiver module 1000; a tube shell 10; a light source 20; a lens group 30; a collimator lens 31; a focusing lens 32; a splitter 40; a first port 41; a second port 42; a third port 43; a receiver 50; a PIN photodetector diode 51; a transimpedance amplifier 52; a refrigeration unit 60; a ceramic substrate 70; a first end surface 70 a; a second end face 70 b; a heat-conducting plate 80; an optical fiber 90; fiber coupled terminal 100.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present application, technical features in examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the detailed description in the specific embodiment should be understood as an explanation of the gist of the present application and should not be construed as an improper limitation to the present application. The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in one aspect, an optical transceiver module 1000 is provided, where the optical transceiver module 1000 includes a package 10, a light source 20, a lens assembly 30, a splitter 40, and a receiver 50. The light source 20 is used to emit an outgoing light beam. The outgoing light beam is converged into a converging light beam by the lens group 30. The splitter 40 is located on a side of the lens assembly 30 remote from the light source 20. Splitter 40 includes a first port 41, a second port 42, and a third port 43. The converging beam enters the splitter 40 from the first port 41 and exits from the third port 43. The incident beam enters the splitter 40 from the third port 43 and exits from the second port 42 onto the receiver 50. The receiver 50 is used to convert the incident beam into an electrical signal.
The light source 20, the lens assembly 30, the splitter 40 and the receiver 50 are packaged in the package 10, so that the optical fiber fusion between the devices is reduced, the package has the characteristics of high integration level, small volume and low cost, the size and the assembly complexity of the optical transceiver module 1000 are greatly reduced, the manufacturing difficulty and the cost of the optical transceiver module 1000 are reduced, and the insertion loss caused by the optical fiber fusion can be reduced. The light source 20 emits an outgoing light beam with a certain divergence angle, and the outgoing light beam is converged by the lens assembly 30 to form a convergent light beam, so that the lens assembly 30 couples the energy of the outgoing light beam into the first port 41 to the maximum extent, thereby improving the coupling efficiency.
The incident beam may be the beam formed by the exit beam returning to the third port 43.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the lens assembly 30 includes a collimating lens 31 and a focusing lens 32. The collimator lens 31 serves to collimate the outgoing light beam into a parallel light beam. The focusing lens 32 is located between the collimating lens 31 and the splitter 40. The focusing lens 32 is used to condense the parallel light beams into a condensed light beam.
In the embodiment of the present application, by adding the lens group 30, the outgoing light beam is collimated into a parallel light beam by the collimating lens 31 and propagates, and after the parallel light beam passes through the focusing lens 32, the focusing lens 32 couples energy of the parallel light beam into the first port 41. Since the emergent light beam has a certain divergence angle and is collimated by the collimating lens 31, effective focusing by the focusing lens 32 is facilitated, so that a large displacement tolerance can be obtained, the environmental and mechanical stability of the optical transceiver module 1000 is improved, and the reliability of the optical transceiver module 1000 is improved.
In order to obtain a greater coupling efficiency, in an embodiment, please refer to fig. 2, the light source 20, the optical axis of the collimating lens 31, the optical axis of the focusing lens 32 and the optical axis of the splitter 40 are located on the same plane.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the optical transceiver module 1000 includes a temperature sensing unit (not shown) and a cooling unit 60. The temperature sensing unit is located inside the package 10. The temperature sensing unit is used for sensing the operating temperature of the light source 20. The refrigeration unit 60 is located within the enclosure 10. The refrigeration unit 60 is used to adjust the operating temperature to a set temperature.
The operating temperature refers to the actual ambient temperature at which the light source 20 is operating. The set temperature refers to a preset ambient temperature. Since the wavelength of the outgoing light beam emitted from the light source 20 may shift with the change of the operating temperature, the wavelength of the outgoing light beam may be unstable. Generally, the operating temperature of the light source 20 is increased during operation, and thus the wavelength of the outgoing light beam is unstable, and the operating temperature of the light source 20 is maintained at the set temperature by the temperature sensing unit and the cooling unit 60, so as to ensure the stability of the output power of the light source 20 and the central wavelength of the outgoing light beam.
For example, the set temperature may be 25 ℃, and if the working temperature is higher than 25 ℃, the temperature is reduced by the refrigeration unit 60 until the working temperature is 25 ℃; of course, if the operating temperature is lower than 25 ℃, the temperature may be raised by the refrigeration unit 60 until the operating temperature is 25 ℃.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the temperature sensing unit is a thermistor. The refrigeration unit 60 is a semiconductor refrigerator.
Because the thermistor has corresponding resistance under different temperatures, the thermistor is used for sensing the working temperature to form corresponding resistance, the driving circuit can detect the resistance corresponding to the thermistor, and the semiconductor refrigerator is controlled to change the temperature according to the corresponding resistance, so that the working temperature is adjusted to the set temperature.
It should be noted that the semiconductor refrigerator refers to a device for generating cold by using the thermo-electric effect of a semiconductor. The semiconductor refrigerator comprises two metal plates connected by a conductor, wherein one metal plate is increased in temperature and the other metal plate is decreased in temperature after the semiconductor refrigerator is connected with current.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the optical transceiver module 1000 includes a ceramic substrate 70. The ceramic substrate 70 includes a first end face 70a and a second end face 70b opposite to the first end face 70 a. The light source 20, the lens assembly 30, the shunt 40 and the temperature sensing unit are located on the first end surface 70 a. The second end face 70b is connected to the refrigeration unit 60. The ceramic substrate 70 can not only avoid deformation caused by heating or cooling, so as to avoid the change of the optical path of the optical transceiver module 1000 caused by the position changes of the light source 20, the lens assembly 30, the splitter 40 and the temperature sensing unit, but also has good thermal conductivity, so as to facilitate the transfer of heat energy between the light source 20 and the refrigeration unit 60.
In some embodiments, the lens assembly 30 may be bonded to the ceramic substrate 70. This can ensure the operability of coupling the lens group 30. Specifically, the lens assembly 30 may be attached to the ceramic substrate 70 by ultraviolet light.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the optical transceiver module 1000 includes a heat conducting plate 80. The heat conductive plate 80 is connected to the ceramic substrate 70. The temperature sensing unit and the light source 20 are disposed on the heat conductive plate 80. The rapid conduction of heat between the light source 20 and the temperature sensing unit and the refrigerating unit 60 is achieved by the heat conductive plate 80.
Specifically, the heat conductive plate 80 is a metal plate. For example, the heat conductive plate 80 may be copper, tungsten copper, or the like.
In some embodiments, the light source 20 may be welded to the thermally conductive plate 80. The lens assembly 30 includes a collimating lens 31 and a focusing lens 32, the collimating lens 31 may be bonded to the heat conducting plate 80, and the focusing lens 32 may be bonded or soldered to the ceramic substrate 70.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the splitter 40 is a planar optical waveguide splitter. The planar optical waveguide splitter has an equal division effect on the incident light beam, that is, after the incident light beam enters the planar optical waveguide splitter from the third port 43, the optical power of the incident light beam can be equally divided into the first port 41 and the second port 42 through the Y-branch structure of the planar optical waveguide splitter. In addition, the planar optical waveguide splitter also has good directivity, that is, after the outgoing light beam enters the planar optical waveguide splitter from the first port 41, the outgoing light beam passes through the Y-branch structure of the planar optical waveguide splitter, and only a very weak light beam in the outgoing light beam is coupled into the second port 42. Because the first port 41 and the second port 42 are located on the same side, it is also convenient to provide the lens assembly 30 and the receiver 50, so that the structure is more compact, and the volume of the optical transceiver module 1000 is further reduced.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the optical transceiver module 1000 includes an optical fiber 90 and an optical fiber coupling terminal 100. A portion of the optical fiber 90 is located within the package 10. Fiber-optic coupling terminal 100 is located within package 10. The fiber coupling terminal 100 is used for coupling and connecting the optical fiber 90 and the third port 43. The outgoing light beam is output and the incoming light beam is input through the optical fiber 90, and specifically, the optical fiber coupling terminal 100 is bonded with the planar optical waveguide splitter, so that the size of the optical transceiver module 1000 is further reduced, the assembly process is simplified, the reliability is enhanced, and the maintenance is simple.
In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1, the tolerance between the spot diameter of the converging beam and the mode field diameter of the first port 41 is A, where-6% A + 6%. That is, the spot diameter of the converging light beam is matched with the mode field diameter of the first port 41, so that the joint loss between the converging light beam and the first port 41 can be avoided, and greater coupling efficiency can be obtained.
Note that the tolerance between the spot diameter of the converging beam and the mode field diameter of the first port 41 means that the difference between the spot diameter of the converging beam and the mode field diameter of the first port 41 is compared with the spot diameter of the converging beam.
It will be appreciated that the first port 41, the second port 42 and the third port 43 may each be single mode optical waveguides. Further, the optical fiber 90 may be a single mode optical fiber. A single mode fiber refers to a fiber that can only transmit light in one mode, the fundamental mode. Mode field diameter refers to the maximum distance between two points where the intensity drops to 1/(e ^2) of the maximum intensity on the axis.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, receiver 50 includes a PIN photo detector diode 51. The PIN photo-detection diode 51 is used to convert the incident beam into a current signal. The incident beam is incident on the photo-sensitive surface of the PIN photo-detection diode 51 and converted into a current signal.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, receiver 50 includes a transimpedance amplifier 52. The transimpedance amplifier 52 is connected to the PIN photodiode 51. The transimpedance amplifier 52 converts the current signal of the PIN photodiode 51 into a voltage signal. A Trans-Impedance Amplifier 52 (TIA) converts a current signal of the receiver 50 into a voltage signal, thereby realizing an amplified output.
Specifically, the PIN photodiode 51 and the transimpedance amplifier 52 are connected by a gold wire.
In some embodiments, the light source 20 includes, but is not limited to, a semiconductor light emitting diode or a laser diode. Further, the light source 20 may be a broadband semiconductor light source, preferably, the light source 20 is a super luminescent diode. The central wavelength of the outgoing beam may be 850nm, 1310nm or 1550 nm.
In one embodiment, the optical transceiver module 1000 is hermetically packaged. In this manner, the components within the housing 10 are protected from moisture or other contaminants outside the housing 10.
Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an optical fiber sensing apparatus, which includes the optical transceiver module 1000 according to any one of the embodiments.
Specifically, the optical fiber sensing device may be an optical fiber gyroscope. For example, when the optical transceiver module 1000 is used in an optical fiber gyroscope, the convergent light beam emitted from the third port 43 propagates along two directions of the circular channel, and if the circular channel itself has a rotation speed, the time required for the convergent light beam to travel along the rotation direction of the circular channel is longer than the time required for the convergent light beam to travel along the opposite direction of the rotation direction of the circular channel. That is, when the annular channel rotates, the optical path of the annular channel changes in different directions of travel relative to the optical path of the annular channel when stationary. With this change in optical path length, the returning incident light beam is received by the receiver 50, and a change in phase difference between the two optical paths, i.e., the angular velocity at which the optical paths rotate, is detected.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An optical transceiver module, comprising:
a light source for emitting an outgoing light beam;
a lens group through which the outgoing light beam is converged into a converging light beam;
the splitter is positioned on one side, far away from the light source, of the lens group and comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, the convergent light beam enters the splitter from the first port, and the convergent light beam exits from the third port;
a receiver, wherein an incident light beam enters the splitter from the third port, and the incident light beam exits from the second port to the receiver, and the receiver is used for converting the incident light beam into an electrical signal; and
a package, the light source, the lens assembly, the splitter, and the receiver all located within the package.
2. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein the lens group comprises:
the collimating lens is used for collimating the emergent light beam into a parallel light beam; and
and the focusing lens is positioned between the collimating lens and the splitter and is used for converging the parallel light beams into the converging light beams.
3. The optical transceiver module of claim 2, wherein the light source, the optical axis of the collimating lens, the optical axis of the focusing lens, and the optical axis of the splitter are located on a same plane.
4. The optical transceiver module of claim 1, wherein the optical transceiver module comprises:
the temperature sensing unit is positioned in the tube shell and used for sensing the working temperature of the light source; and
and the refrigeration unit is positioned in the pipe shell and is used for adjusting the working temperature to a set temperature.
5. The optical transceiver module of claim 4, wherein the temperature sensing unit is a thermistor and the refrigeration unit is a semiconductor refrigerator.
6. The optical transceiver module of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the splitter is a planar optical waveguide splitter.
7. The optical transceiver module of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a tolerance between a spot diameter of the converging beam and a mode field diameter of the first port is ± 6%.
8. The optical transceiver module of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the receiver comprises:
and the PIN photoelectric detection diode is used for converting the incident light beam into a current signal.
9. The optical transceiver module of claim 8, wherein the receiver comprises:
and the trans-impedance amplifier is connected with the PIN photoelectric detection diode and converts a current signal of the PIN photoelectric detection diode into a voltage signal.
10. An optical fiber sensing device comprising the optical transceiver module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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WO2023049714A1 (en) * | 2021-09-21 | 2023-03-30 | Raytheon Company | Dual-polarization rotationally-insensitive monostatic transceiver with dual cladding fiber |
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