CN111499003A - Multistage coupling water quality ecological restoration system and restoration method - Google Patents
Multistage coupling water quality ecological restoration system and restoration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499003A CN111499003A CN202010358193.3A CN202010358193A CN111499003A CN 111499003 A CN111499003 A CN 111499003A CN 202010358193 A CN202010358193 A CN 202010358193A CN 111499003 A CN111499003 A CN 111499003A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
Abstract
The invention provides a multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system and a restoration method, which belong to the technical field of water quality restoration, and comprise an aquatic plant restoration system, a biomembrane technical system and a floating artificial wetland technical system, wherein the aquatic plant restoration system can absorb a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like through the metabolism of planted aquatic plants; the biological membrane technology system utilizes a seepage biological membrane purification bed to culture microorganisms, and has higher degradation and purification effects on organic pollutants; the floating artificial wetland technical system can promote the sedimentation of suspended matters, reduce the content of pollutants and inhibit the growth of planktonic algae by cultivating aquatic plants in the floating bodies, wherein the floating bodies contain floating body fillers and water body repairing agents. The multistage coupling water quality ecological restoration system adopts the multistage coupling water quality ecological restoration system, can effectively solve the problems of water eutrophication of riverway water quality and serious riverway water quality pollution, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water quality restoration, and particularly relates to a multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system and a restoration method.
Background
With the development of economy, the increase of population and the improvement of living standard, the demand and consumption of water are continuously increased, the corresponding discharge amount of wastewater is also continuously increased, and the water environment pollution of urban riverways is more and more serious due to the reasons of insufficient sewage treatment facilities, delayed source control and the like. With the increasingly prominent eutrophication problem of the water body in the river and the increasingly severe water pollution, the sustainable development of economy is threatened, and the life quality of people and the ecological balance system of the water body are damaged. The prevention and treatment of eutrophication and defunctionalization of water bodies such as rivers, lakes and the like are urgent requirements for urban social, economic and ecological environment construction.
With the enhancement of the protection consciousness of the water environment and the ecological system and the proposal of the harmonious development concept of human and nature, the water environment improvement and the ecological system restoration by using the ecological engineering technology are more and more widely known. How to construct an ecological restoration method can solve the existing problems of the water quality of the river channel and play a role in restoring and improving the water quality, and is a problem which needs to be explored and solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multistage coupling water quality ecological restoration system and a restoration method, wherein the multistage coupling water quality ecological restoration system adopts a multistage coupling water quality ecological restoration system, so that the problems of water eutrophication of riverway water quality and serious riverway water quality pollution can be solved, the ecological balance of restored water quality can be improved, the greening area of the riverway can be increased, and the system and the method are suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system comprises an aquatic plant restoration system, a biomembrane technical system and a floating type artificial wetland technical system, wherein the aquatic plant restoration system can absorb a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like through the metabolism of planted aquatic plants; the biological membrane technology system utilizes a seepage biological membrane purification bed to culture microorganisms, and has higher degradation and purification effects on organic pollutants; the floating artificial wetland technical system can promote the sedimentation of suspended matters, reduce the content of pollutants and inhibit the growth of planktonic algae by cultivating aquatic plants in the floating bodies, wherein the floating bodies contain floating body fillers and water body repairing agents. The aquatic plant restoring system is suitable for edge zones of polluted river channels, and aquatic plants can be conveniently planted, wherein the aquatic plants can absorb a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus, can also enrich heavy metals, absorb and degrade partial organic pollutants, and the aquatic plant zone can also consolidate river banks; the biomembrane technology system is suitable for the bottom of the polluted river, has certain functions of physical adsorption, sedimentation, filtration and the like besides biodegradation of organic matters, and can remove suspended matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other heavy metals; the floating artificial wetland technical system is suitable for polluted areas where polluted riverways are inconvenient to plant, and the planted aquatic plants can absorb and remove eutrophic substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water.
Further, the aquatic plants comprise emergent aquatic plants, floating plants, leafy plants and submerged plants, the emergent aquatic plants comprise one or more of red beauty coke, cane shoots, iris or reed, the floating plants comprise one or more of duckweed, monochoria vaginalis or water lotus, the leafy plants comprise one or two of water lily or water lotus, and the submerged plants comprise one or more of hydrilla verticillata, racoon dog grass, foxtail algae, stonewort, euphorbia depression, pennisetum or veronicastrum herb.
Furthermore, a purification bed filler is arranged in the seepage biological film purification bed, and the purification bed filler comprises one or more of waste bricks, waste ceramics, zeolite or artificial aquatic plants. The waste brick blocks and the waste ceramics can utilize the existing waste materials, the raw materials are saved, the source of the zeolite is wide, the artificial waterweed is formed by modifying and optimizing the existing porous polymer material, the porous material has a large specific surface area, and is also provided with positive and negative ions, so that the material source is rich, the price is low, and the environmental safety is good.
Further, the microorganism comprises one or more of engineering bacteria or protozoa. The microorganism can absorb organic pollutants, algae, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient substances in the water, so that the water body is purified, and the microorganism is also bred.
Further, the body holds the chamber and cultivates the chamber including filling, it locates to fill and holds the chamber center inboard to cultivate the chamber cover, it holds the chamber and is used for placing the body filler to fill, it is used for cultivating the plant to cultivate the chamber, it holds the chamber and cultivates the chamber and can establish to arbitrary shape to fill, it holds the chamber and cultivates the chamber surface and is the mesh form to fill. The filling cavity and the cultivating cavity can be designed into any shapes, so that the device can be suitable for cultivating different types of aquatic plants and can beautify a river channel to a certain extent; the filler in the filler cavity can provide a larger adsorption area for microorganisms, and contributes to the decomposition effect of the microorganisms on pollutants.
Further, the floating body filler includes ceramic particles or biochar. The ceramic particles have wide sources and low price; the biochar has wide sources, high carbon content and a porous structure, and not only can absorb organic substances, but also can protect microorganisms.
Further, a water body repairing medicament is arranged in the cultivation cavity and comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-45 parts of photosynthetic flora, 20-35 parts of yeast flora and 20-50 parts of indigenous flora. The photosynthetic bacteria, yeast and indigenous bacteria can increase the dissolved oxygen content in water, decompose and oxidize organic matters, and deodorize and decontaminate.
Further, the floating body is made of environment-friendly plastics. The environment-friendly plastic has certain waterproof and corrosion-resistant properties, and the service life of the plastic as a floating body is long.
A restoration method of a multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system comprises the following steps:
(1) defining a range needing ecological restoration in a riverway needing restoration;
(2) performing water sample detection and soil detection in different areas within a defined ecological restoration range, establishing a proper ecological restoration system according to a water sample detection result, and establishing the types and proportions of aquatic plants and microorganisms which are suitable for culture according to a soil detection result;
(3) putting a purification bed filler at the water bottom of the defined ecological restoration range, and putting the type and the proportion of microorganisms suitable for growth at the purification bed filler; planting aquatic plants suitable for growth in the marginal zones of the defined ecological restoration range; putting the floating artificial wetland in a non-edge zone within a defined ecological restoration range;
(4) the water quality and soil condition in the defined ecological restoration range are continuously detected, and the growth condition of aquatic plants and the growth condition of microorganisms which are put into the ecological restoration range for water quality restoration are continuously monitored.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system and the restoration method, the aquatic plant restoration system of the multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system is suitable for being used along the edge zone of a polluted river channel, and is convenient for planting aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants can absorb a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus, can enrich heavy metals, absorb and degrade part of organic pollutants, and the aquatic plant zone can consolidate the river bank; the biomembrane technology system is suitable for the bottom of the polluted river, has certain functions of physical adsorption, sedimentation, filtration and the like besides biodegradation of organic matters, and can remove suspended matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other heavy metals; the floating artificial wetland technical system is suitable for polluted areas where the polluted river is inconvenient to plant, and the planted aquatic plants can absorb and remove eutrophic substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water; the multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system adopts multi-stage coupling of an aquatic plant restoration system, a biomembrane technical system and a floating artificial wetland technical system, can effectively remove nutrient-rich substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water, effectively improve the ecological balance of water quality in a polluted river channel, can increase the greening area of the river channel, has lower required cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the structure of a floating body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the multistage coupling water quality ecological restoration method of the invention.
In the figure: 1 aquatic plant restoring system, 2 biomembrane technical system, 3 floating type artificial wetland technical system, 31 floating body, 311 filling material containing cavity and 312 cultivating cavity.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system comprises an aquatic plant restoration system 1, a biomembrane technology system 2 and a floating type artificial wetland technology system 3, wherein the aquatic plant restoration system 1 can absorb a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like through the metabolism of planted aquatic plants; the biological membrane technology system 2 utilizes a seepage biological membrane purification bed to culture microorganisms, and has higher degradation and purification effects on organic pollutants; the floating artificial wetland technical system 3 is characterized in that aquatic plants are cultivated in the floating bodies 31, the floating bodies 31 are made of environment-friendly plastics, and the floating bodies 31 contain floating body fillers and water body repairing agents, so that suspended matters can be promoted to settle, the content of pollutants is reduced, and the growth of planktonic algae is inhibited.
The aquatic plants comprise emergent aquatic plants, floating plants, leafy plants and submerged plants, the emergent aquatic plants comprise one or more of red beauty coke, zizania aquatica, iris falcata or reed, the floating plants comprise one or more of duckweed, monochoria vaginalis or lotus flowers, the leafy plants comprise one or two of water lily or lotus flowers, and the submerged plants comprise one or more of hydrilla verticillata, leopard foxtail, rotaria verticillata, euphorbia depression, pennisetum or veronicastrum.
In addition, purification bed filler is arranged in the seepage biomembrane purification bed, and the purification bed filler comprises one or more of waste bricks, waste ceramics, zeolite or artificial aquatic plants. The microorganism comprises one or more than one of engineering bacteria or protozoa.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the floating body 31 includes a filling material accommodating cavity 311 and a cultivating cavity 312, the cultivating cavity 312 is sleeved inside the center of the filling material accommodating cavity 311, the filling material accommodating cavity 311 is used for placing filling materials of the floating body, the cultivating cavity 312 is used for cultivating plants, the filling material accommodating cavity 311 and the cultivating cavity 312 can be set to any shape, and the surfaces of the filling material accommodating cavity 311 and the cultivating cavity 312 are both mesh-shaped. The floating body filler comprises ceramic particles or biochar. A water body repairing medicament is arranged in the cultivation cavity 312, and the water body repairing medicament comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-45 parts of photosynthetic flora, 20-35 parts of yeast flora and 20-50 parts of indigenous flora.
A method for restoring a multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system comprises the following steps as shown in figure 3:
(1) defining a range needing ecological restoration in a riverway needing restoration;
(2) performing water sample detection and soil detection in different areas within a defined ecological restoration range, establishing a proper ecological restoration system according to a water sample detection result, and establishing the types and proportions of aquatic plants and microorganisms which are suitable for culture according to a soil detection result;
(3) putting a purification bed filler at the water bottom of the defined ecological restoration range, and putting the type and the proportion of microorganisms suitable for growth at the purification bed filler; planting aquatic plants suitable for growth in the marginal zones of the defined ecological restoration range; putting the floating artificial wetland in a non-edge zone within a defined ecological restoration range;
(4) the water quality and soil condition in the defined ecological restoration range are continuously detected, and the growth condition of aquatic plants and the growth condition of microorganisms which are put into the ecological restoration range for water quality restoration are continuously monitored.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A multistage coupling quality of water ecological remediation system which characterized in that: the system comprises an aquatic plant recovery system (1), a biomembrane technical system (2) and a floating type artificial wetland technical system (3), wherein the aquatic plant recovery system (1) can absorb a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like through the metabolism of planted aquatic plants; the biological membrane technology system (2) utilizes a seepage biological membrane purification bed to culture microorganisms, and has higher degradation and purification effects on organic pollutants; the floating artificial wetland technical system (3) can promote the sedimentation of suspended matters, reduce the content of pollutants and inhibit the growth of planktonic algae by cultivating aquatic plants in the floating body (31), wherein the floating body (31) contains floating body fillers and a water body repairing agent.
2. The multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aquatic plants comprise emergent aquatic plants, floating plants, leafy plants and submerged plants, the emergent aquatic plants comprise one or more of red beauty coke, zizania aquatica, iris falcata or reed, the floating plants comprise one or more of duckweed, monochoria vaginalis or water lotus, the leafy plants comprise one or more of water lily or lotus, and the submerged plants comprise one or more of hydrilla verticillata, leopard foxtail, stonewort, euphorbia depression, pennisetum or veronicastrum herb.
3. The multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seepage biological film purification bed is internally provided with purification bed filler, and the purification bed filler comprises one or more of waste bricks, waste ceramics, zeolite or artificial aquatic plants.
4. The multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microorganism comprises one or more than one of engineering bacteria or protozoa.
5. The multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floating body (31) comprises a filling containing cavity (311) and a cultivating cavity (312), the cultivating cavity (312) is sleeved on the inner side of the center of the filling containing cavity (311), the filling containing cavity (311) is used for placing filling of the floating body, the cultivating cavity (312) is used for cultivating plants, the filling containing cavity (311) and the cultivating cavity (312) can be set to be in any shape, and the surfaces of the filling containing cavity (311) and the cultivating cavity (312) are both in mesh shapes.
6. The multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the floating body filler comprises ceramic particles or biochar.
7. The multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: a water body repairing medicament is arranged in the cultivation cavity (312), and the water body repairing medicament consists of the following components in parts by mass: 30-45 parts of photosynthetic flora, 20-35 parts of yeast flora and 20-50 parts of indigenous flora.
8. The multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the floating body (31) is made of environment-friendly plastics.
9. A restoration method of a multi-stage coupling water quality ecological restoration system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) defining a range needing ecological restoration in a riverway needing restoration;
(2) performing water sample detection and soil detection in different areas within a defined ecological restoration range, establishing a proper ecological restoration system according to a water sample detection result, and establishing the types and proportions of aquatic plants and microorganisms which are suitable for culture according to a soil detection result;
(3) putting a purification bed filler at the water bottom of the defined ecological restoration range, and putting the type and the proportion of microorganisms suitable for growth at the purification bed filler; planting aquatic plants suitable for growth in the marginal zones of the defined ecological restoration range; putting the floating artificial wetland in a non-edge zone within a defined ecological restoration range;
(4) the water quality and soil condition in the defined ecological restoration range are continuously detected, and the growth condition of aquatic plants and the growth condition of microorganisms which are put into the ecological restoration range for water quality restoration are continuously monitored.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112119953A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Intelligent control device for promoting marine periphyton induction and growth |
| CN115259559A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Comprehensive treatment system for domestic sewage and farmland drainage in rural gathering area |
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