CN1693236A - Process for water body repairing by microorganism film biologic chinampa for large type water body pollution treatment - Google Patents
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- CN1693236A CN1693236A CN 200510010789 CN200510010789A CN1693236A CN 1693236 A CN1693236 A CN 1693236A CN 200510010789 CN200510010789 CN 200510010789 CN 200510010789 A CN200510010789 A CN 200510010789A CN 1693236 A CN1693236 A CN 1693236A
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
A floating biologic island method for treating the polluted large-area water features that the maturalized plants are planted on the artificial floating islands and the microbes are inoculated to the root system of said plants to absorb, convert and degradate the pollutants in water, such as nutritive substance (N, P, etc), heavy metals, organic substances, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water pollution improvement technology, particularly a kind of microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement.
Background technology
Body eutrophication is the most serious pollution problem that natural water bodies such as present China lake, reservoir, river course face, and according to statistics, what the main lake of China was in eutrophication accounts for about 60% of lake sum.The continuous aggravation of eutrophication with develop rapidly, make water body lose due function, influence environmental quality, influence economic construction and social development.Because the restriction of factors such as the natural water body zone is wide, area is big, with a varied topography has restricted carrying out of water quality improvement work to a great extent.China has dropped into a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources in the work of lake eutrophication water body treating in recent years, strengthened the construction dynamics of pollution control, pollution treatment engineering, for the improvement of water quality provides the prerequisite guarantee, but these engineerings mainly focus on point-source pollution control, enter at control hazardous and noxious substances and pollutents such as nitrogen, phosphorus and have played crucial effect aspect river course, the lake.Improvement for the eutrophication water that has formed does not also have too many effective measures, and endogenous pollutes still very serious, and the eutrophication degree of water body is still constantly aggravation in many lakes.According to China's lake eutrophication current situation and reason, reduce the key that nitrogen and phosphorus content, recovery and reconstruction aquatic ecological are solution lake eutrophication problems to improve lake self self-purification capacity in the water body, realize the lake resource sustainable use.The effect of microbial treatment polluted-water technology is conspicuous, still, because river course, water body in lake area are bigger, mobile big, microorganism can not continuous and effective be brought into play due effect in water body, to such an extent as to this technology operability in application process is not strong, cost is bigger.
Summary of the invention
A kind of microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement, be to utilize the plant growing and the root-zone microorganism system that cultivate domestication that pollutent in the water body is absorbed, transforms and degrades, it is characterized in that, biological compound fungi is seeded in carries out the complex microorganism biofilm on the soilless cultivation root system of plant, make and form the microflora microbial film on the root system of plant.
The method of biological compound fungi inoculation is long to 10cm-50cm when root system of plant, and bacterium liquid, bacterium powder or bacterium ball float that biological bacteria is made by soaking, spray or placing by the root system of plant, are executed micro-bioactivation enzyme again.Use biological compound fungi liquid, soaked root system of plant 20-36 hour, or biological compound fungi bacterium powder is sprayed on the root system of plant, again plant is put into water body after 1 hour, or the biological compound fungi ball float is placed by the root system of plant.Composite bacteria adds water and stirs and become the bacterium of concentration 20% liquid; Composite bacteria adding solid support material stirs and becomes the bacterium powder; Composite bacteria adds plant amylum, and to make diameter as tackiness agent be 2-30 centimetre composite bacteria ball float.Biological compound fungi is by two or more are compound in photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, Pseudomonas, bacillus, nitrifier, nitrococcus denitrifying bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, the bacillus.The micro-bioactivation enzyme of using is a vegetable diastase, and ratio is the 0.1-3% of biological bacteria.The microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the area of biological floating island generally accounts for the 5%-15% of water surface area.Selected soilless cultivation root system of plant length is at least 30 centimetres, and preferred plant is green watermifoil of powder and Caulis Miscanthis floriduli.
In order to make microorganism can continue to play a role, must in administering the waters, set up carrier.The invention provides the method for biological floating island soilless cultivation root system of plant microorganism colonization, complex microorganism is set up microflora by special methods on the soilless cultivation root system of plant of chinampa, microorganism can continuous and effective be played a role, effect in conjunction with plant purification water quality, formed a cover pond, river course, lake, reservoir and deposited the technology of waste water control, river course, pond, lake, reservoir water body reparation had good effect.
The present invention Ji Li that purifies water: in the soilless cultivation growing process, plant absorbs pollution substances such as a large amount of nitrogen of being rich in the water, phosphorus and reduces nitrogen, phosphorus content in the eutrophication water by root system, root system of plant also has the certain absorption effect to heavy metal.The soilless cultivation plant can also discharge the element that suppresses algal grown in process of growth simultaneously, the control blue-green alga bloom.Soilless cultivation chinampa plant has flourishing root system, around root system formation is had the vegeto-animal biosphere of much swimming, and the planktonic organism in the biosphere has the effect of filter food algae, suspended particulate, and this further makes water quality improve.Flourishing root system of plant is as microorganism carrier, make the complex microorganism biofilm on the root system of plant carrier, form microflora, microorganism can continuous and effective be played a role, activity by microorganism to the organic pollutant in the water body decompose, degraded, dephosphorization, denitrification, set up the good ecosystem, root system of plant absorbs and microbiological deterioration has obtained combination preferably on biological floating island, thereby reaches the effect that purifies water and beautify view.The present invention has material cycle and the flow of energy that can effectively improve water ecosystem, makes the ecosystem enter benign cycle; Total nitrogen, total phosphorous in the existing eutrophication water can be effectively reduced, the aggravation of eutrophication can be effectively controlled; Can effectively cut down the organic sediments (bed mud) in the water body; Can eliminate the water body stink rapidly at short notice; Just can see characteristics such as water transparency and dissolved oxygen increase at short notice, be a kind of novel microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement.
Embodiment
The microorganism colonization biological floating island mainly adopts pioneer plant Caulis Miscanthis floriduli and the green watermifoil of powder as the chinampa plant, and according to different areas and different waters, select some Tu waterplant, for example Scirpus tabernaemontani, cattail, calamus, iris, parasol bamboo, float greatly, Herba Eichhorniae, Canna generalis Bailey, Spiked Loosestrife, hay grass, Wildcelery Herb and suitably through the flower plant of domestication.The chinampa plant will carry out the acclimatization culture of seedling according to plant habit in the breeding base before plantation, make it to adapt to the growth of target stains water body and help the complex microorganism biofilm.Proof by experiment, pioneer plant absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal ability in waterplant is the strongest, is the preferred species of purification of water quality.The chinampa plant treats that seedling grows into 20cm when height and moves into chinampa soilless cultivation culture medium, and puts into the improvement water body, treats that the chinampa plant root growth when above, carries out the biofilm processing of complex microorganism to 30cm.At first, before carrying out microorganism colonization, carry out the microorganism combination, make the complex microorganism of administering at specific body of water at geographical environment, natural condition and concrete polluted-water.The method of biological compound fungi inoculation is as the long 10cm-50cm of arriving of root system of plant, biological compound fungi is added water to stir and becomes the bacterium of concentration 20% liquid and soaked root system of plant 1-2 hour, or biological compound fungi is made the bacterium powder add solid support material such as diatomite in proportion, clays etc. stir, spray on the root system of plant, again plant is put into water body after 1 hour, or composite bacteria adds plant amylum such as potato starch, it is 2-30 centimetre composite bacteria ball float that wheat starches etc. are made diameter as tackiness agent, place by the root system of plant, the biological bacteria ball float with will pulverize and be bonded on the root system of plant after water contacts.Execute 0.1-3% bioactivation enzyme such as vegetable diastase again.Biological floating island, is filled insoluble environment-friendly materials such as net sheet, bamboo hedge, mesh material etc. and is formed the plant growing culture medium as floating framework with bamboo raft, pvc pipe (sealing or filled and process), timber, junked tire or other soluble environment-friendly materials with floating ability in floating framework.
Caulis Miscanthis floriduli is a kind of tropical hygrophyte, and growth is rapid, output is high, and biomass is big.Can be used as feed, fuel, process materials and papermaking material.Pioneer plant leaf, stem, root contain the high plant rare elements of economic worth, and it is quenched and gets thing and can be used for acetate and spices, foodstuff additive, medicine and other fields.
Calendar year 2001, in refuse container, put into polluted water nitrogenous, phosphorus, and in refuse container, adopt chinampa technology plantation pioneer plant, and contrast with other plant, through nearly 1 year observation experiment, the detection by quantitative by to nitrogen, phosphorus in the water body draws following result:
Unit: kilogram/hectare/year
| Pioneer plant | Kenya's grass | The Eucalytps tree | Alfalfa | |
| Nitrogen | ??13,688 | ??700 | ??90 | ??504 |
| Phosphorus | ??1,026 | ??- | ??15 | ??39 |
According to different areas and different waters, except main pioneer plant, select some Tu waterplant and suitable flower plant through domestication.These plants are common lake aquatic plants, have be easy to grow, characteristics that biomass is big.Through nearly 2 years research trial, these waterplant to the average removal rate of every contamination index in the water body are:
| The index project | ??COD Cr | ??BOD 5 | ??SS | ??TN | ??TP |
| Clearance | ??87.8％ | ??68.7％ | ??96.3％ | ??36.0％ | ??32.4％ |
But per hectare Herba Eichhorniae absorbed nitrogen in every year 1989kg, phosphorus 322kg, potassium 3188kg; But cattail absorbed nitrogen 2630kg, phosphorus 403kg, potassium 4570kg; The stem or leaf of cattail etc. can purified industrial Toxic in the waste water, can in stem or leaf of cattail body, form the phenose glycosides and eliminate the toxicity of phenol self as Toxic phenol, quilts such as As, Hg, Cd, furans pellet are stored up in the pasture and water body, thereby have degraded the Toxic concentration in the sewage.
Scirpus tabernaemontani, cattail, hay grass can be processed into handicraft or produce organic fertilizer as composting material in the ripening stage harvesting.Iris, parasol bamboo, Canna generalis Bailey, Spiked Loosestrife have to be viewed and admired and economic worth, can gather in the period of blooming and to sell as ornamental flower, cattail, calamus have pharmaceutical use, float greatly, Herba Eichhorniae nursing livestock capable of using as feed, and above plant all can be gathered in when the ripening stage and is used for paper industry, by harvesting new life's organism is removed from system simultaneously, shifted out the nitrogen in the water body, phosphorus, potassium in this way plant.
The complex microorganism system contains tens kinds of microorganisms that possess various functions of a plurality of genus, form one " cenobium " by various floras, biological inoculum has a series of composite bacteria such as photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, Pseudomonas, bacillus, nitrifier, denitrifying bacterium, by the combination of multiple microorganism, set up an eucyclic microflora.The complex microorganism treatment system is used for the eutrophication water governance process, only waking up or activating that exist originally in the water body, can self-cleaning but be suppressed and the microorganism that can not bring into play its effect, and short its ramp propagation can suppress harmful microbe growth and movable simultaneously forcefully.Flora in the complex microorganism treatment system, in anaerobism and under the bright envrionment conditions, can make full use of luminous energy with hydrogen and organism as hydrogen donor, stabilizing carbon dioxide is grown, and utilizes organism such as lower fatty acid as carbon source simultaneously.Can under aerobic and dark envrionment conditions, obtain the energy again, so it can decompose the organic pollutant in the water body rapidly by direct decomposing organic matter.Also comprise various floras in the complex microorganism treatment system with nitrated, denitrification and nitrogen fixation, promote the denitrification of nitrogen, have nitrated bed mud and relative function, quicken the innoxious process of phosphorus, go black deodorizing rapidly, can control the aggravation of body eutrophication effectively.Without any chemical residual, there is not secondary pollution in the complex microorganism treatment system when using.
In polluted-water is repaired, pollution situation according to contaminated water body carries out chinampa area calculating, through the experiment over 2 years, for the reparation of eutrophication water, the 5%-15% that the area of biological floating island generally accounts for water surface area can reach the purpose that water body is repaired.
The advantage of microorganism colonization biological floating island technology mainly contains the following aspects, and 1, microbial technique and biological floating island technology are organically combined, be the water body recovery technique of a full ecological; 2, can effectively remove nutritive substance such as nitrogen, phosphorus in the water body, the aggravation of control body eutrophication; 3, can effectively suppress breaking out of blue-green algae; 4, can absorb poisonous, objectionable impuritiess such as heavy metal in the water; 5, organism in the water body can effectively absorb, transform, degrade; 6, improve water transparency, increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body; 7, can effectively improve the material cycle and the flow of energy of water ecosystem, make the ecosystem enter benign cycle; 8, be not subjected to the influence of the waters depth; 9, construction does not need main equipment and takies periphery place, waters; 10, has good landscape effect; 11, the recyclable utilization of waterplant has follow-up preferably industrial chain.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement, be to utilize the plant growing and the root-zone microorganism system that cultivate domestication that pollutent in the water body is absorbed, transforms and degrades, it is characterized in that, biological compound fungi is seeded in carries out the complex microorganism biofilm on the soilless cultivation root system of plant, make and form the microflora microbial film on the root system of plant.
2, the microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method of biological compound fungi inoculation is as the long 10cm-50cm of arriving of root system of plant, bacterium liquid, bacterium powder or bacterium ball float that biological bacteria is made, by soaking, spray or placing by the root system of plant, execute micro-bioactivation enzyme again.
3, the microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, use biological compound fungi liquid, soaked root system of plant 20-36 hour, or with on the biological compound fungi bacterium powder sprinkling root system of plant, again plant is put into water body after 1 hour, or the biological compound fungi ball float is placed by the root system of plant.
4, the microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, composite bacteria adds water and stirs and become the bacterium of concentration 20% liquid; Composite bacteria adding solid support material stirs and becomes the bacterium powder; Composite bacteria adds plant amylum, and to make diameter as tackiness agent be 2-30 centimetre composite bacteria ball float.
5, the microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that biological compound fungi is by two or more are compound in photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, Pseudomonas, bacillus, nitrifier, nitrococcus denitrifying bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, the bacillus.
6, the microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the micro-bioactivation enzyme of using is a vegetable diastase, and ratio is the 0.1-3% of biological bacteria.
7, the microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the area of biological floating island generally accounts for the 5%-15% of water surface area.
8, the microorganism colonization biological floating island water body restorative procedure that is used for the great water body Pollution abatement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that selected soilless cultivation root system of plant length is at least 30 centimetres, and preferred plant is green watermifoil of powder and Caulis Miscanthis floriduli.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101274811B (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2010-09-08 | 独立行政法人国立高等专门学校机构 | Decomposition and removal method of sediment in environmental water |
| CN101108749B (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2011-04-06 | 上海市南洋模范中学 | Comprehensive treatment method of city reservoir project process flow system |
| CN102701459A (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2012-10-03 | 常州大学 | Plant root layered membrane-forming enhanced water body repairing method for biological denitrification |
| CN101186403B (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2013-08-07 | 水晶池有限公司 | Process to obtain water bodies larger than 15,000 m3 for recreation with low cost |
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| CN102701459B (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-18 | 常州大学 | Plant root layered membrane-forming enhanced water body repairing method for biological denitrification |
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