CN111492745A - Method for detecting corn storage tolerance - Google Patents
Method for detecting corn storage tolerance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111492745A CN111492745A CN202010268153.XA CN202010268153A CN111492745A CN 111492745 A CN111492745 A CN 111492745A CN 202010268153 A CN202010268153 A CN 202010268153A CN 111492745 A CN111492745 A CN 111492745A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for detecting the storage resistance of corn, relating to the technical field of storage resistance detection; when the storage resistance of the corn seeds is tested by a high-temperature high-wet method, the temperature is controlled to be 48-53 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 95-100%, and the germination potential and the germination rate of the aged seeds are measured, so that the storage resistance of the corn seeds is judged. In the method, the temperature and humidity control can be used as a standard for identifying the storage tolerance of the inbred line seeds of the northeast corn, the experimental operation is simple and clear, and the method is suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of storage tolerance detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting storage tolerance of corn.
Background
Corn is the first crop in China and plays a significant role in agricultural production. Since the 21 st century, with the rapid development of the corn planting industry in China, more and more seed enterprises enter the planting industry market, so that the corn seed production is far greater than the demand, and a large amount of corn seeds need to be stored for a short time or a long time. At present, most of seed industry units generally use a normal-temperature warehouse to store residual corn seeds, even if a low-temperature warehouse is used, the seed vitality shows a trend of descending year by year along with the increase of storage time limit, and finally the use value is lost, so that the storage cost is improved, and economic losses of different degrees are brought to the seed industry units. Research shows that the storage tolerance of corn seeds with different genotypes has obvious difference, which provides possibility for evaluating the storage tolerance germplasm and breeding the storage tolerance corn germplasm. Therefore, a simple and efficient method for identifying the storage tolerance of the maize inbred line is urgently needed by a breeding unit to screen out the storage tolerance maize germplasm resources and provide rich basic materials for breeding new storage tolerance maize varieties with good comprehensive characters in the future.
At present, researchers usually adopt accelerated aging tests to detect the germination vigor, the germination rate, the vitality index, the related enzyme activity and the like of aged seeds as main indexes of the storage stability of plant seeds for evaluation and detection. Common artificial aging methods include a 40 ℃ high temperature and high humidity aging method (HH), a saturated salt accelerated aging method (SSAA), a 58 ± 1 ℃ hot water bath aging method (HW), and a 50% methanol aging Method (MS), but different methods have a great difference in the results for storage stability, and no study has been made to show which method is most suitable as a detection standard. Meanwhile, with the continuous improvement of the genetic breeding level of the corn, the capacity of breeding materials represented by a corn self-line in the aspects of storage tolerance and the like is gradually improved, and the conventional artificial aging method cannot meet the requirement of a breeder on the storage tolerance of the corn.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a more rigorous method for detecting corn storage tolerance, which improves the stress treatment conditions, controls the temperature and humidity of the artificial aging method, optimally identifies the storage tolerance of the inbred line seeds of the northeast corn, has simple and clear experimental operations, and is suitable for popularization.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for detecting corn storage resistance, which comprises the following steps: (1) harvesting corn seeds in the same year, airing, threshing and then sterilizing, and aging the sterilized corn seeds by using an artificial aging method to obtain aged seeds; the aging temperature is 48-53 ℃, and the aging humidity is 95-100%;
(2) airing the aged seeds, sowing, and measuring the germination vigor and the germination rate of the seeds;
the germination rate is G7/N × 100% and is shown as formula I;
in the formula I, G7 is the germination number of 7 days after sowing, and N is the total number of aged seeds;
when the germination rate is more than or equal to 90 percent, the plant is storage-resistant, 75 to 80 percent is intermediate, and less than 75 percent is non-storage-resistant.
Preferably, the species of maize in step (1) comprises inbred maize.
Preferably, the corn seeds harvested in the current year are aired to reach a water content of 14% and then threshed in step (1).
Preferably, the sterilization in step (1) comprises: and (3) soaking the threshed seeds in a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with the mass percentage of 8-10% for 20-30 minutes, washing the seeds with distilled water for three times, and naturally airing the seeds.
Preferably, the aging in the step (1) is performed in an artificial aging box, the artificial aging box is further disinfected before being started, the disinfection of the artificial aging box comprises the steps of sterilizing for 8-12 hours by using an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, and then disinfecting again by using an alcohol water solution with the volume percentage of 75%.
Preferably, the aging time is 68-73 hours.
Preferably, the sowing in the step (2) further comprises seed culture, the temperature of the seed culture is 25 ℃, and the illumination period of the seed culture is 8 hours of darkness after 16 hours of illumination each day; watering was performed 1 time every two days during the seed culture.
Preferably, the sowing is to plant the aired aged seeds in an enamel tray containing wet vermiculite.
Preferably, the criterion for determining the storage stability further comprises the germination potential, wherein the germination potential is G4/N × 100% of formula II;
wherein in formula II, G4 is the germination number 4 days after sowing, and N is the total number of aged seeds
The invention provides a method for detecting the storage resistance of corn, which is characterized in that when a high-temperature high-wet method is used for testing the storage resistance of corn seeds, the temperature is controlled to be 48-53 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 95-100%, and the germination rate of aged seeds is measured, so that the storage resistance of the corn seeds is judged. In the method, the temperature and humidity control can be used as a standard for identifying the storage tolerance of the inbred line seeds of the northeast corn, the experimental operation is simple and clear, and the method is suitable for popularization. By utilizing the method, the storage-resistant property test is carried out on 60 parts of common selfing line materials for breeding in northern spring corn regions, which are provided by corn research institute of agricultural academy of sciences in Jilin province, and the result shows that 9 parts of storage-resistant selfing lines, 47 parts of non-storage-resistant selfing lines and 4 parts of intermediate types are screened out.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for detecting corn storage resistance, which comprises the following steps: (1) harvesting corn seeds in the same year, airing, threshing and then sterilizing, and aging the sterilized corn seeds by using an artificial aging method to obtain aged seeds; the aging temperature is 48-53 ℃, and the aging humidity is 95-100%;
(2) airing the aged seeds, sowing, and measuring the germination vigor and the germination rate of the seeds;
the germination rate is G7/N × 100% and is shown as formula I;
in the formula I, G7 is the germination number of 7 days after sowing, and N is the total number of aged seeds;
when the germination rate is more than or equal to 90 percent, the plant is storage-resistant, 75 to 80 percent is intermediate, and less than 75 percent is non-storage-resistant.
The method comprises the steps of airing, threshing and sterilizing the corn seeds harvested in the same year, and aging the sterilized corn seeds by using an artificial aging method to obtain aged seeds; the aging temperature is 48-53 ℃, and the aging humidity is 95-100%. The corn variety of the invention preferably comprises a self-bred corn line, and more preferably comprises a corn self-bred line suitable for being planted in northeast China. The corn seeds harvested in the current year are preferably aired to reach the moisture content of 14% and then threshed. The invention is used for sterilizing the threshed corn seeds, wherein the sterilization is preferably performed by randomly selecting 50 grains from each batch of threshed corn seeds, and the sterilization comprises the following steps: and (3) soaking the threshed seeds in a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with the mass percentage of 8-10% for 20-30 minutes, washing the seeds with distilled water for three times, and naturally airing the seeds.
The method comprises the steps of aging sterilized seeds, preferably in an artificial aging oven, and preferably sterilizing the artificial aging oven before the artificial aging oven is started, wherein the sterilization of the artificial aging oven comprises the steps of sterilizing the artificial aging oven for 8-12 hours by using an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, and then sterilizing the artificial aging oven again by using 75% by volume of an alcohol water solution, preferably L H-150S (Topu scientific instruments (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd.) in the artificial aging oven, setting the aging condition of the artificial aging oven to be 48-53 ℃, the humidity to be 95-100% and the aging time to be 68-73 hours, quickly putting the prepared seeds into the aging oven after the temperature of the aging oven meets the requirement, taking the seeds out after the aging treatment, and putting the seeds into a dryer to be dried in the room at a warm state.
The method preferably comprises the step of cultivating seeds after the seeds are sown, wherein the temperature of the seed cultivation is preferably 25 ℃, the illumination period of the seed cultivation is preferably 8 hours after 16 hours of illumination every day, the seeds are preferably watered for 1 time every two days in the seed cultivation process, the sowing is preferably to plant the aired aged seeds in an enamel tray filled with wet vermiculite, the specification of the enamel tray is preferably 37cm × 25cm × 3.5.5 cm (length × cm and width × cm), and the wet particle size is preferably 2 mm.
In the present invention, the criterion for determining the storage stability preferably further includes a germination potential, which is G4/N × 100% formula ii;
in formula II, G4 is the germination number 4 days after sowing, and N is the total number of aged seeds. In the invention, the germination potential can judge whether the seed emergence is regular and rapid, and the germination rate and the germination potential of most materials are in a positive correlation, so the germination potential is used as an auxiliary index.
The following examples are provided to illustrate the method for detecting corn storage stability of the present invention in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. Experimental Material
60 parts of inbred lines are commonly used for breeding in the northern spring corn region and are provided by the corn research institute of agricultural academy of sciences of Jilin province.
2. Laboratory instrument and consumable
High temperature and high humidity artificial aging box (L H-150S, Tupu scientific instruments (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd.)
Artificial culture room, 10 × 15cm gauze bag, enamel tray, and vermiculite.
All reagents were analytically pure, and water was distilled or water of equivalent purity.
3. Experimental methods
(1) Taking selfing line clusters harvested in autumn in the same year, airing each material until the water content of grains is below 14%, threshing, taking 50 full and consistent corn seeds, soaking in 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes, washing with distilled water for three times, naturally airing, sealing with 10 × 15cm gauze bags, and making a mark for later use.
(2) The artificial aging box is sterilized by an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for 10 hours before being started and then is sterilized again by 75 percent alcohol, so that the cleanness, tidiness and no sundry bacteria in the aging box are ensured.
(3) Setting the ageing condition of an artificial ageing oven at 50 ℃ and 95% humidity for 72 hours, quickly putting the prepared seeds into the ageing oven after the temperature of the ageing oven meets the requirement, taking out the seeds after ageing treatment, putting the seeds into a dryer, and drying the seeds at room temperature.
(4) The aged seeds are planted in an enamel tray (37 × 25cm) containing wet vermiculite (2mm), the seeds are cultured at the normal temperature of 25 ℃, the seeds are cultured under the conditions of illumination for 16 hours and darkness for 8 hours, watering is carried out by a watering can (1 liter) every two days, counting of germination number from the fourth day to the seventh day is stopped, and the germination vigor and the germination rate of the seeds are calculated, wherein the germination vigor and the germination rate are specifically shown in table 1.
The calculation formula is G4/N × 100% in germination potential and G7/N × 100% in germination rate.
Storage stability test of the materials in Table 160
As can be seen from Table 1, 9 parts of the storage-tolerant inbred line, 47 parts of the non-storage-tolerant inbred line and 4 parts of the intermediate inbred line were selected by the high-temperature high-humidity artificial aging method.
Meanwhile, germination experiments (table 2) were also performed on seeds with the above 60 materials stored under longer conditions (3 years at room temperature, about 20 ℃ at average temperature, and about 50% humidity), and the trend of the experimental data was met.
TABLE 2 Normal temperature preservation of inbred line germination experimental results
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting the storage tolerance of corn is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) harvesting corn seeds in the same year, airing, threshing and then sterilizing, and aging the sterilized corn seeds by using an artificial aging method to obtain aged seeds; the aging temperature is 48-53 ℃, and the aging humidity is 95-100%;
(2) airing the aged seeds, sowing the seeds, and measuring the germination rate of the seeds;
the germination rate is G7/N × 100% and is shown as formula I;
in the formula I, G7 is the germination number of 7 days after sowing, and N is the total number of aged seeds;
when the germination rate is more than or equal to 90 percent, the plant is storage-resistant, 75 to 80 percent is intermediate, and less than 75 percent is non-storage-resistant.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the species of corn of step (1) comprises inbred corn.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the corn seeds harvested in the same year are threshed in step (1) after being air-dried to a moisture content of 14%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said sterilizing of step (1) comprises: and (3) soaking the threshed seeds in a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with the mass percentage of 8-10% for 20-30 minutes, washing the seeds with distilled water for three times, and naturally airing the seeds.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aging in the step (1) is performed in an artificial aging box, and the sterilization of the artificial aging box is performed before the artificial aging box is started, wherein the sterilization of the artificial aging box comprises the steps of sterilizing the artificial aging box for 8-12 hours by using an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and then sterilizing the artificial aging box again by using an alcohol water solution with the volume percentage of 75%.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the aging time is 68 to 73 hours.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sowing of step (2) further comprises seed cultivation, the temperature of the seed cultivation is 25 ℃, and the illumination period of the seed cultivation is 8 hours of darkness after 16 hours of illumination per day; watering was performed 1 time every two days during the seed culture.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the sowing is carried out by planting the aged seeds after air drying in an enamel tray containing wet vermiculite.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the criterion of the storage stability in step (2) further comprises a germination potential, wherein the germination potential is G4/N × 100% of formula II;
in formula II, G4 is the germination number 4 days after sowing, and N is the total number of aged seeds.
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| CN202010268153.XA CN111492745A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Method for detecting corn storage tolerance |
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| CN202010268153.XA CN111492745A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Method for detecting corn storage tolerance |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130096004A1 (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-04-18 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Methods for improving seed production in maize |
| CN107966530A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-27 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of high temperature ageing method of rice paddy seed |
| CN109804751A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-05-28 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Accelerate the method, apparatus and gained Aged Seeds of Seed Aging |
-
2020
- 2020-04-08 CN CN202010268153.XA patent/CN111492745A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130096004A1 (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-04-18 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Methods for improving seed production in maize |
| CN107966530A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-27 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of high temperature ageing method of rice paddy seed |
| CN109804751A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-05-28 | 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 | Accelerate the method, apparatus and gained Aged Seeds of Seed Aging |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 余海兵等: "玉米种子人工加速老化方法的选择", 《江苏农业学报》 * |
| 邸宏等: "不同人工老化法测定玉米种子耐储性的比较分析", 《玉米科学》 * |
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