CN111485579A - Bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between suspension tunnel and deepwater suspension bridge - Google Patents
Bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between suspension tunnel and deepwater suspension bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111485579A CN111485579A CN202010312903.9A CN202010312903A CN111485579A CN 111485579 A CN111485579 A CN 111485579A CN 202010312903 A CN202010312903 A CN 202010312903A CN 111485579 A CN111485579 A CN 111485579A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
- E02D29/067—Floating tunnels; Submerged bridge-like tunnels, i.e. tunnels supported by piers or the like above the water-bed
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
- E01D11/02—Suspension bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
- E01D2/04—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure of the box-girder type
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- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
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- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/068—Landing stages for vessels
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- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/02—Restraining of open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/14—Pile framings, i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/18—Foundations formed by making use of caissons
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge, which is arranged on a bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island, wherein the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island is divided into an island inner part and an island outer part; the island interior is provided with a bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure, a side span transition pier, a suspension bridge anchor structure and a suspension tunnel shore connection structure; the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure comprises an approach bridge, an island ramp bridge, an island ground road and an island ramp tunnel; the approach bridge is arranged in a linear manner and is transited from the side span to a span outside the anchor structure of the suspension bridge; the ramp bridge on the island adopts a separated line, and is transited from the approach bridge to the ground road on the island in a spiral descending mode, and is transited from the ground road on the island to the approach bridge in a spiral ascending mode; the ground road on the island is provided with a longitudinal slope; the ramp tunnel on the island is arranged in a linear manner and is sequentially provided with an open section, a grating section and a buried section; the section structure of the island inner part comprises an island base at the lower part and an upright island body at the upper part. The bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island structure solves the problem of smooth transition between a bridge deck and a tunnel pavement by a short length.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge.
Background
In the field of channel construction of straits, cross-sea bridges and submarine tunnels are widely applied, and the construction technology is mature. The cross-sea bridge needs pier support higher than the sea level, and is suitable for offshore shallow sea; the submarine tunnel can adapt to deeper sea area, but engineering cost is high, and construction risk and operation risk are big. In addition, the immersed tube tunnel has a huge structure, requires a river bed or a seabed to be smooth, cannot have large fluctuation, is only suitable for short-distance shallow water areas and is not suitable for sea areas with long distance and large water depth; the suspended tunnel is a new cross-sea traffic mode which is viewed by the theoretical world, no practical application exists at present, the estimated construction cost is lower than that of a cross-sea bridge and a submarine tunnel, the adaptability to the sea area is strong, the construction cost is still high, and the construction difficulty is high.
Because the suspension tunnel and the anchor structure thereof are arranged underwater, the suspension tunnel may have certain influence on the passage of the underwater vehicle in a water area with shallow water depth relative to the suspension tunnel, and the problem can be well solved by arranging the large-span bridge navigation hole. In addition, for an ultralong offshore channel with large political influence, such as a cross-sea channel of an Taiwan strait, a certain number of landmark channel buildings on the sea surface are also suitable, and a large-span suspension bridge is a good choice. Meanwhile, after the ultra-long suspension tunnel is matched and combined with a small number of bridges, the traffic comfort degree of the ultra-long distance closed space can be greatly improved.
For the bridge, the water depth of a shallow water area relative to the suspension tunnel is still very large, and the bridge is located in the open sea, so that the meteorological and hydrological conditions are relatively severe, and the bridge building difficulty is very large. The free length of the bridge foundation above the seabed is too large, and the bridge foundation is simultaneously subjected to the translational load action of wind, waves and flowing water, so that the bridge pier foundation is required to be very large. From the construction point of view, generally in the open sea with the water depth of more than about 30m, the stability of a temporary cofferdam or a temporary support platform required by the pier foundation construction needs to be ensured, the cost is very high, the stability of a construction ship under severe stormy waves is difficult to ensure, and the safety risk is very high. Therefore, aiming at the requirements of the stability of the deepwater bridge and the construction difficulty, the suspension bridge type of the artificial island foundation is provided, namely the main tower, the transition pier and the anchor foundation of the suspension bridge are all arranged in the artificial island, so that the problem of the stability of the deepwater pier is solved, the offshore construction is converted into onshore construction, the difficulty and the safety risk of constructing the bridge in the open sea are greatly reduced, meanwhile, the artificial island provides a supply field for construction materials such as reinforcing steel bars, concrete and the like for the construction of the bridge in the open sea, and a relatively reliable wind-sheltering anchorage ground is provided for a ship defense platform for the offshore construction by a harbor pool matched with the artificial island.
Because the height difference between the bridge deck of the deepwater large-span suspension bridge and the road surface of the suspension tunnel is large, and the smooth transition between the bridge deck and the road surface of the tunnel needs a long distance, under the deepwater condition, the transition bridge is not suitable for being directly constructed in deepwater from the consideration of the stability of the bridge, and the too long water-blocking length of the artificial island foundation is too large, so that the influence on the sea situation of a water area is large, therefore, the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between the deepwater suspension bridge and the suspension tunnel is particularly provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to fill the blank of the prior art and provide a bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge, which solves the problem of smooth transition between a bridge deck and a tunnel pavement by a short length, so that the length of a bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island along the axis direction of a tunnel is shortened, and the influence of water blocking on the sea state of a water area is reduced.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge is arranged on a bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island, and the plane of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island is in an oval shape with a gap and is divided into an island inner part and an island outer part; wherein,
the island interior is provided with the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure, and is also provided with a side span transition pier, a suspension bridge anchor structure and a suspension tunnel shore connection structure;
the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure comprises an approach bridge, an on-island ramp bridge, an on-island ground road and an on-island slope tunnel which are sequentially connected between a suspension bridge and a suspension tunnel shore connection structure;
the approach bridge is arranged in a linear manner, and a longitudinal slope is connected in series from the side span transition pier to one span, three spans to four spans outside the anchor structure of the suspension bridge;
the ramp bridge on the island is an interchange type interchange ramp bridge and adopts a separated line of a left turn ramp bridge and a right turn ramp bridge, and the left turn ramp bridge and the right turn ramp bridge are transited from the approach bridge to the ground road on the island in a spiral descending manner or from the ground road on the island to the approach bridge in a spiral ascending manner;
the ground road on the island is provided with a longitudinal slope, the top of the slope is connected with an ramp bridge on the island, and the bottom of the slope is connected with a slope tunnel on the island;
the ramp tunnel on the island is arranged in a linear manner, and an open section, a grating section and a buried section are sequentially arranged from a ground road on the island to a suspended tunnel shore connecting structure;
the foundation of the side span transition pier adopts a bearing platform and pile group foundation;
the suspension bridge anchor structure adopts a cylindrical open caisson foundation embedded into a rock stratum;
the section structure of the inner part of the island comprises an island base at the lower part and an upright island body at the upper part;
the island foundation is constructed by multiple layers of backfill sand, each layer of backfill sand is constructed in a cofferdam formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, and the peripheral dimension of each layer of cofferdam is 1: 1-1: 1.5, the gradient is gradually reduced upwards, so that the shape of the island base is pyramid;
the island body consists of an island wall and an island inner body; the island wall is formed by a steel cylinder type lattice body and a dense filler in the steel cylinder type lattice body, the steel cylinder type lattice body is formed by connecting a steel large cylinder main lattice and a straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice, and the dense filler in the steel large cylinder main lattice and the straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice is backfill sand; the protecting surfaces of a broken stone cushion layer and a block stone cushion layer are adopted within the range of 1m from the top inside the steel large-cylinder main grids and the straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grids;
the island inner body is backfilled sand filled in the island wall, and the height of the filled top is required to meet the requirement of stability of the island wall;
the external part of the island is positioned at the counter-current end of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island and is provided with a material wharf, a breakwater and a harbor pool; the material wharf takes the island wall in the island as a basic structure, a reinforced concrete breast wall is poured on the upper part of the material wharf, and wharf accessory facilities are configured;
the section structure of the breakwater consists of a box-type embankment base at the lower part and a vertical embankment body at the upper part; the section structure of the box-type embankment base is the same as that of the island base; the structure of the upright embankment body is the same as that of the island wall.
The harbor basin is a water area between the back edge of the breakwater and the front edge of the material wharf, and a gap between the material wharf and the breakwater is a harbor basin mouth door.
The bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between the suspension tunnel and the deepwater suspension bridge is characterized in that the approach bridge adopts a constant-section continuous box girder bridge, and the bridge deck is provided with a longitudinal slope.
In the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between the suspension tunnel and the deepwater suspension bridge, the ramp bridge on the island is of a cast-in-place continuous box girder structure, and the bridge deck is provided with a longitudinal slope; the body of the ramp pier adopts a thin-wall pier, a bearing platform and a cast-in-place pile foundation, a pile foundation is arranged below the bridge abutment, and the abutment back is filled with soil and is in direct connection with a ground road on the island.
In the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between the suspension tunnel and the deepwater suspension bridge, the section structure of the ground road on the island is a cement stabilized soil layer and an asphalt concrete pavement from bottom to top.
In the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between the suspension tunnel and the deepwater suspension bridge, the slope tunnel on the island is an open-cut cast-in-place tunnel, and the grating section and the open section of the slope tunnel on the island are of a two-chamber U-shaped structure; the buried section of the slope tunnel on the island is of a single-layer two-chamber pipe gallery box type structure.
In the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between the suspension tunnel and the deepwater suspension bridge, a concrete mixing station, a steel bar processing room and an office and living building which are used in the construction period are further arranged in the island.
The bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between the suspension tunnel and the deepwater suspension bridge has the following characteristics:
1) the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure solves the problem of smooth transition between the bridge deck and the tunnel pavement with the relatively shortest clear length, so that the length of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island along the axis direction of the tunnel is shortest, namely the water blocking area is the smallest, and the influence of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island on the sea state of a water area is reduced to the maximum extent.
2) The bridge approach in the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure is relatively short in length, and the overall engineering quantity of the transition conversion structure is low, so that the cost is low.
3) The bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island greatly improves the stability of bridge foundations such as a side span transition pier, an approach bridge, an on-island ramp bridge and the like of a deep water suspension bridge, and solves the problem that the bridge foundations are difficult to be directly constructed in an open sea deep water area.
4) The bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure is also suitable for a sea-crossing channel formed by underwater tunnels with other structures and deepwater bridges with other structures, such as a submarine immersed tube tunnel and a shield tunnel, and the deepwater bridges can be cable-stayed bridges, floating bridges and arch bridges.
5) After the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island is constructed, the construction of a pier foundation and a suspension bridge anchorage structure is changed from overwater construction to land construction, the difficulty is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island provides a stable construction platform for a material supply base and the sea for the construction of the bridge in open sea, and the safety risk in the construction period is greatly reduced.
6) The island ground height of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island is relatively low, and the project amount of filling in the artificial island is greatly reduced, so that the cost is greatly saved.
7) The helicopter apron can be arranged at the upper and later stages of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island, and an air rescue and escape way is added for the operation period of bridges and tunnels.
8) The mating harbor basin of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island provides a good typhoon-proof wind-sheltering harbor for the marine ship.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a sea-crossing passageway with a suspension tunnel and a deep water suspension bridge;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a sea-crossing passage with a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge;
fig. 3 is a floor plan view of a bridge-tunnel transition structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a side view of a bridge-to-tunnel transition structure between a floating tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a buried segment in a sloped tunnel on a bridge-to-tunnel artificial island of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an open section in an on-island ramp tunnel on a bridge-to-tunnel artificial island of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a sectional view of a bridge-to-tunnel artificial island between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a plan view of an island wall of a bridge-to-tunnel artificial island of the invention;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a breakwater of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge of the present invention is suitable for a sea-crossing channel with a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge, and the sea-crossing channel includes two main tower artificial islands 1, two bridge-tunnel transition artificial islands 2, a suspension bridge 3 and two sections of suspension tunnels 4; the two main tower artificial islands 1 are respectively provided with a suspension bridge cable tower 1A; the two bridge-tunnel conversion artificial islands 2 are correspondingly positioned in front of and behind the two main tower artificial islands 1 one by one, and the two bridge-tunnel conversion artificial islands 2 are respectively provided with a side span transition pier 2A and a suspension bridge anchorage structure 2B; the main span of the suspension bridge 3 is erected between the suspension bridge cable towers 1A on the two main tower artificial islands 1; the side span of the suspension bridge 3 is erected between a suspension bridge tower 1A on the two main tower artificial islands 1 and a side span transition pier 2A on the adjacent bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island 2; two ends of a main cable of the suspension bridge 3 are anchored on suspension bridge anchorage structures 2B on the two bridge-tunnel conversion artificial islands 2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the two bridge-tunnel conversion artificial islands 2 are respectively provided with a bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure 2C and a suspended tunnel shore connection structure 2D which are sequentially connected with the side bridges of the suspension bridge 3; one end of each of the two sections of the suspended tunnels 4 is fixedly connected with the suspended tunnel shore-connecting structures 2D on the two bridge-tunnel conversion artificial islands 2 in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
In view of the construction difficulty of the artificial island in the sea, the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island 2 is suitable to be arranged in a water area with the water depth of 40-100 m; the plane of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island 2 is in an oval shape with a gap and is divided into an island inner part and an island outer part.
The bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure 2C between the suspension tunnel and the deepwater suspension bridge is arranged in an island part of a bridge-tunnel transition artificial island 2, and the island part is also provided with a side span transition pier 2A, a suspension bridge anchor ingot structure 2B, a suspension tunnel shore connection structure 2D, a concrete mixing plant 2E used in the construction period, a steel bar processing room 2F and an office and living building 2G.
Referring to fig. 3 and 9, the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure 2C of the present invention includes an approach bridge 201, an on-island ramp bridge 202, an on-island ground road 203, and an on-island slope tunnel 204 connected between the side span bridge of the suspension bridge 3 and the floating tunnel shore connection structure 2D; wherein,
the approach bridge 201 is arranged in a linear manner, and is connected in series from the side span transition pier 2A to the outer span of the suspension bridge anchorage structure 2B, wherein the length of the approach bridge is three to four spans; the approach bridge 201 adopts a continuous box girder bridge with a uniform cross section, and the bridge deck is provided with a longitudinal slope; the pier of the approach bridge adopts a vase-shaped thin-wall pier, and a bearing platform is provided with a cast-in-place pile foundation;
the ramp bridge 202 on the island is an interchange type interchange ramp bridge and adopts a separated line of a left turn ramp bridge and a right turn ramp bridge, the planes of the left turn ramp bridge and the right turn ramp bridge are arranged in a cloverleaf shape, and are transited from the approach bridge 201 to the ground road 203 on the island or from the ground road 203 on the island to the approach bridge 201 in a spiral mode, the horizontal curvature radius of the left turn ramp bridge and the right turn ramp bridge should meet the design specification requirement of the highway bridge, and the number of ramp layers is determined according to the height difference of the bridge floor to the ground in the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island 2; the ramp bridge 202 on the island is of a cast-in-place continuous box girder structure, and the bridge deck is provided with a longitudinal slope; the body of the ramp pier adopts a thin-wall pier, a bearing platform is provided with a cast-in-place pile foundation, a pile foundation is arranged below the bridge abutment, and the abutment back is filled with soil and is in direct connection with a ground road on the island;
the ground road 203 on the island is also divided into a left line road and a right line road; the left line road and the right line road are both provided with longitudinal slopes, and the slope tops of the left line road and the right line road are connected with the left turn road bridge and the right turn road bridge of the ramp bridge 202 on the island in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the horizontal curvature radius of the left line road and the right line road should meet the design specification requirement of the highway bridge; the cross-section structure of the road 203 on the ground on the island is a cement stabilized soil layer and an asphalt concrete pavement from bottom to top.
The ramp tunnel 204 on the island is also divided into a left line ramp tunnel and a right line ramp tunnel; the top of the left line slope tunnel and the top of the right line slope tunnel are connected with the bottom of the left line road and the bottom of the right line road of the ground road 203 on the island in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the bottom of the left line slope tunnel and the bottom of the right line slope tunnel are connected with the suspended tunnel shore connection structure 2D; the ramp tunnel 204 on the island adopts an open-cut cast-in-place tunnel, and an open section, a grating section and a buried section are sequentially arranged from the ground road 203 on the island to the suspended tunnel shore connection structure 2D; the grating section and the open section are of a two-chamber U-shaped structure; the buried section is a single-layer two-chamber pipe gallery box type structure.
The side span transition pier 2A adopts a bearing platform and pile group foundation; and an anti-seismic vertical tension and compression support and a transverse wind-resistant support are arranged at the position of the side span transition pier 2A.
The suspension bridge anchor structure 2B adopts a cylindrical open caisson foundation embedded in a rock stratum; the anchor body is a gravity type reinforced concrete and prestressed reinforced concrete structure and comprises a cable saddle pier, an anchor block, a weight block, a rear anchor block, a side wall, a top cover plate and a rear pouring section.
The cross-sectional structure of the intra-island part of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island 2 comprises an island base 10 at the lower part and an island body at the upper part.
The island foundation 10 is constructed by multiple layers of backfill sand, each layer of backfill sand is constructed in a cofferdam formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, and the height of each layer of backfill sand is not more than 10 m; the height of the buoyancy tank is not lower than that of a layer of backfill sand, a longitudinal broken wall and two vertical partition walls are arranged in the buoyancy tank, and the longitudinal broken wall is arranged at a half position of the width of the buoyancy tank; the peripheral size of each layer of cofferdam is as follows 1: 1-1: the slope of 1.5 gradually decreases upward, so that the island base 10 has a pyramidal shape.
The island body is vertical and consists of an island wall 20, an island inner body 30 and a wave-blocking wall 40; wherein,
the top elevation of the island wall 20 is the highest tide level, the wave height and the surplus height; the island wall 20 is formed by a steel cylinder type lattice body and a dense filler inside the steel cylinder type lattice body, the steel cylinder type lattice body is formed by connecting a steel large cylinder main lattice 20a and a straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice 20b, the steel large cylinder main lattice 20a and the straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice 20b need to be inserted into a hard soil layer for a certain depth, the dense filler in the steel large cylinder main lattice 20a and the straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice 20b is backfilled sand to form a stable soil-retaining island wall structure, and a broken stone cushion layer and a block stone facing are adopted within the range of 1m from the top in the steel large cylinder main lattice 20a and the straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice 20 b; the diameter of the steel large cylinder main lattice 20a is 28 m-30 m, and the net spacing of the steel large cylinder main lattice 20a is 14 m-15 m; the arc radius of the straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice 201b is slightly smaller than the radius of the steel large cylinder main lattice 20a, and the length of the straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice is smaller than the length of the steel large cylinder main lattice 20 a.
The island inner body 30 is back-filled sand filled in the island wall 20, and the height of the filling top needs to meet the requirement of the stability of the island wall 20;
the wave-stopping wall 40 is provided along the outer edge of the top surface of the island wall 20.
The island outer part of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island 2 is positioned at the counter-current end of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island 2 and is provided with a material wharf 51, a breakwater 52 and a harbor basin 53, a gap between the material wharf 51 and the breakwater 53 is a harbor basin port door, wherein,
the material wharf 51 is laid with 2-3 berths along the shore, the length of each berth is set according to the type length of a material transportation ship, and the material transportation ship is considered according to a maximum 6000t barge. The material wharf 51 takes the island wall 20 in the island as a basic structure, a reinforced concrete breast wall is poured on the upper part of the material wharf, and wharf accessory facilities such as a rubber fender, a mooring post and a ladder stand are arranged; the width of the material wharf 51 is the maximum width of the island wall 20, namely 28-30 m; the top elevation of the material wharf 51 is designed according to the highest tide level of the past year, and the wave height and the surplus height are added; in view of the large height difference between the material wharf 51 and the terrace of the island inner body 30, a plurality of slope-type wharf approach bridges 510 are arranged between the rear edge of the material wharf 51 and the terrace of the island inner body 30;
the section structure of the breakwater 52 is composed of a box-type embankment base at the lower part and a vertical embankment body at the upper part; the section structure of the box-type embankment base is the same as that of the island base 10; the structure of the standing-up banks is the same as that of the island walls 20. The box-type embankment base is constructed by multiple layers of backfill sand 522, each layer of backfill sand 522 is constructed in a cofferdam 521 formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, the height of each layer of backfill sand 522 is not more than 10m, and the peripheral dimension of each layer of cofferdam 521 is as follows: 1-1: 1.5, the gradient is gradually reduced upwards, so that the shape of the embankment base is pyramid; the height of the buoyancy tank is not lower than that of a layer of backfill sand, a longitudinal broken wall and two vertical partition walls are arranged in the buoyancy tank, and the longitudinal broken wall is arranged at a half position of the width of the buoyancy tank; the buoyancy tank is also filled with a sandy material; the structure of the vertical embankment body 523 is the same as that of the island wall and is a cylindrical structure, and backfill sand 522 is filled in the cylindrical structure; a wave wall 524 is arranged on the sea side of the top of the vertical embankment body 523;
the harbor basin 53 is a water area from the back edge of the breakwater 52 to the front edge of the material wharf 51; the planar dimensions of the harbor basin 53 are such that the turning radius requirements of the material transfer vessel are met, the material transfer vessel being considered as a maximum 6000t barge.
When the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between the suspension tunnel and the deepwater suspension bridge is constructed, the bridge-tunnel transition artificial island and the mating harbor basin thereof are constructed in advance. The bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure is constructed after the foundation of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island is treated, and the consolidation settlement is relatively stable. After the island inner body 30 of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island is filled, construction facilities such as a concrete mixing plant 2E and a steel bar processing room 2F are firstly built so as to provide materials such as concrete for the construction of a reinforced concrete structure in the island.
The overall construction process of the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure comprises the following steps: cofferdam construction of an island foundation of a bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island → filling in the cofferdam of the island foundation → barrel construction of the island wall → backfill sand and foundation treatment in the barrel of the island wall → backfill sand and foundation treatment of an island inner body → construction facilities such as a concrete mixing plant, a material wharf, a wharf approach bridge, a reinforcing steel bar processing room and the like → construction of a suspension tunnel shore structure → construction of a suspension bridge anchorage structure foundation, a side span transition pier foundation, an approach bridge foundation, an island ramp tunnel construction → construction of an anchor body, an approach bridge pier body and a beam body, an island ramp bridge pier body and a beam body construction → ground road construction on the island.
The cofferdam construction method of the island foundation 10 comprises the following steps: the cofferdam buoyancy tank of the island base is prefabricated in a dock in blocks, assembled on the near-shore water surface, integrally transported to the site by floating by adopting a plurality of high-power tugboats, and integrally submerged and installed after dynamic positioning.
The sand blowing and filling method in the cofferdam of the island foundation 10 comprises the following steps: carrying out hydraulic filling construction by adopting a cutter suction dredger or an suction dredger;
the construction method of the cylinder body of the island wall 20 comprises the following steps: manufacturing a steel large cylinder main lattice in a land steel structure processing plant, transporting the steel large cylinder main lattice to the site by using a special transport ship, and then sinking the steel large cylinder main lattice by using a large crane ship and a vibration hammer set; the method comprises the following steps of (1) transporting assembled and straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grids by using a special transport ship, after the assembled and straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grids are transported to the site, firstly adopting a large-scale crane ship and a vibration hammer to integrally vibrate and sink the auxiliary grids to assemble a pre-assembly part, and then adopting a single vibration hammer to vibrate and sink the straight-web type steel sheet piles one by one to a designed elevation;
the method for processing the backfill sand and the foundation in the cylinder body of the island wall 20 comprises the following steps: sand is backfilled in the steel large cylinder main grid and the straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid by adopting a belt boat; adopting a board inserting machine to punch a plastic drainage board in a cylinder body of the island wall, and then carrying out preloading construction;
the backfill sand and foundation treatment method of the island inner body 30 comprises the following steps: adopting a cutter suction type dredger or an suction type dredger to carry out back-filling sand construction of an island inner body; adopting a board inserting machine to punch a plastic drainage board in the island inner body 30, and then carrying out preloading construction;
cast-in-place piles of the approach bridge 201 and cast-in-place piles of the ramp bridge 202 on the island are all formed by adopting a land cast-in-place pile hole forming process.
The upper structure of the approach bridge 201 and the upper structure of the ramp bridge 202 on the island are constructed by adopting a conventional support method.
The slope tunnel 204 on the island and the suspended tunnel shore connection structure 2D belong to deep foundation pit engineering, a cast-in-place process after excavation of a foundation pit in the enclosure structure is adopted, the enclosure structure can be constructed simultaneously, and the slope tunnel 204 on the island and the suspended tunnel shore connection structure 2D are cast in place in layers in the deep foundation pit.
Because the island inner bodies of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island are filled with back-filled sand, the suspended tunnel shore connection structure 2D is relatively deep, and the enclosure structure adopts cast-in-place piles; the enclosing structure of the buried section of the slope tunnel 204 on the island and the enclosing structure of the grating section both adopt steel pipe lock piles; the enclosure structure of the open section of the ramp tunnel 204 on the island adopts steel sheet piles.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge is arranged on a bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island, and the plane of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island is in an oval shape with a gap and is divided into an island inner part and an island outer part; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the island interior is provided with the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure, and is also provided with a side span transition pier, a suspension bridge anchor structure and a suspension tunnel shore connection structure;
the bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure comprises an approach bridge, an on-island ramp bridge, an on-island ground road and an on-island slope tunnel which are sequentially connected between a suspension bridge and a suspension tunnel shore connection structure;
the approach bridge is arranged in a linear manner, and a longitudinal slope is connected in series from the side span transition pier to one span, three spans to four spans outside the anchor structure of the suspension bridge;
the ramp bridge on the island is an interchange type interchange ramp bridge and adopts a separated line of a left turn ramp bridge and a right turn ramp bridge, and the left turn ramp bridge and the right turn ramp bridge are transited from the approach bridge to the ground road on the island in a spiral descending manner or from the ground road on the island to the approach bridge in a spiral ascending manner;
the ground road on the island is provided with a longitudinal slope, the top of the slope is connected with an ramp bridge on the island, and the bottom of the slope is connected with a slope tunnel on the island;
the ramp tunnel on the island is arranged in a linear manner, and an open section, a grating section and a buried section are sequentially arranged from a ground road on the island to a suspended tunnel shore connecting structure;
the foundation of the side span transition pier adopts a bearing platform and pile group foundation;
the suspension bridge anchor structure adopts a cylindrical open caisson foundation embedded into a rock stratum;
the section structure of the inner part of the island comprises an island base at the lower part and an upright island body at the upper part;
the island foundation is constructed by multiple layers of backfill sand, each layer of backfill sand is constructed in a cofferdam formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, and the peripheral dimension of each layer of cofferdam is 1: 1-1: 1.5, the gradient is gradually reduced upwards, so that the shape of the island base is pyramid;
the island body consists of an island wall and an island inner body; the island wall is formed by a steel cylinder type lattice body and a dense filler in the steel cylinder type lattice body, the steel cylinder type lattice body is formed by connecting a steel large cylinder main lattice and a straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice, and the dense filler in the steel large cylinder main lattice and the straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice is backfill sand; the protecting surfaces of a broken stone cushion layer and a block stone cushion layer are adopted within the range of 1m from the top inside the steel large-cylinder main grids and the straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grids;
the island inner body is backfilled sand filled in the island wall, and the height of the filled top is required to meet the requirement of stability of the island wall;
the external part of the island is positioned at the counter-current end of the bridge-tunnel conversion artificial island and is provided with a material wharf, a breakwater and a harbor pool; the material wharf takes the island wall in the island as a basic structure, a reinforced concrete breast wall is poured on the upper part of the material wharf, and wharf accessory facilities are configured;
the section structure of the breakwater consists of a box-type embankment base at the lower part and a vertical embankment body at the upper part; the section structure of the box-type embankment base is the same as that of the island base; the structure of the upright embankment body is the same as that of the island wall.
The harbor basin is a water area between the back edge of the breakwater and the front edge of the material wharf, and a gap between the material wharf and the breakwater is a harbor basin mouth door.
2. The bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the approach bridge is a continuous box girder bridge with a uniform cross section, and a longitudinal slope is arranged on the bridge deck.
3. The bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge according to claim 1, wherein the ramp bridge on the island is a cast-in-place continuous box girder structure, and a longitudinal slope is arranged on the bridge deck; the body of the ramp pier adopts a thin-wall pier, a bearing platform and a cast-in-place pile foundation, a pile foundation is arranged below the bridge abutment, and the abutment back is filled with soil and is in direct connection with a ground road on the island.
4. The transition structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the section structure of the ground road on the island is a cement stabilized soil layer and an asphalt concrete road from bottom to top.
5. The bridge-tunnel transition conversion structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ramp tunnel on the island is an open-cut cast-in-place tunnel, and the grating section and the open section of the ramp tunnel on the island are of a two-chamber U-shaped structure; the buried section of the slope tunnel on the island is of a single-layer two-chamber pipe gallery box type structure.
6. The transition structure between a suspension tunnel and a deepwater suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intra-island part is further provided with a concrete mixing station, a steel bar processing room and an office and living building used in construction.
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