CN111424719B - Artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of suspended tunnel - Google Patents
Artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of suspended tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111424719B CN111424719B CN202010251861.2A CN202010251861A CN111424719B CN 111424719 B CN111424719 B CN 111424719B CN 202010251861 A CN202010251861 A CN 202010251861A CN 111424719 B CN111424719 B CN 111424719B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
- E02D29/067—Floating tunnels; Submerged bridge-like tunnels, i.e. tunnels supported by piers or the like above the water-bed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C1/00—Dry-docking of vessels or flying-boats
- B63C1/12—Docks adapted for special vessels, e.g. submarines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/068—Landing stages for vessels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/40—Foundations for dams across valleys or for dam constructions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of a suspended tunnel, which comprises a material wharf arranged outside an island, a breakwater, a wharf pool, a pipe joint transfer dock arranged inside the island, a transition channel and a pipe joint steering platform. The material wharf is positioned at the inner end of the outer part of the island and arranged on one side of the pushing side shore structure of the artificial island; the breakwater is positioned at the reverse flow end of the relay artificial island; the harbor basin is a water area between the back edge of the breakwater and the front edge of the material wharf, and a harbor basin port door is arranged on one side of a shore structure of the receiving side of the artificial island; the pipe joint transfer dock comprises a dock entrance, a dock chamber and a dock tail; the transition channel is arranged between the dock tail and the artificial island pipe joint connecting system; the pipe joint steering platform is arranged between an artificial island receiving side shore structure and an artificial island pushing side shore structure of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system. The artificial island pipe joint external supply system provides a convenient pipe joint supply mode for the installation of the pipe joint of the extension section of the suspension tunnel, and is low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an underwater suspension tunnel, in particular to an artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of a suspension tunnel.
Background
The underwater suspension Tunnel is called a 'focused Floating Tunnel' in English, and is called 'SFT' for short. Also known in italy as archimedes bridge. The differences between the underwater suspension tunnel and the traditional buried tunnel or tunneling tunnel are as follows: the suspended tunnel structure is surrounded by water and is neither located on nor traversing the ground, but is held in a fixed position primarily by the weight of its own structure, the buoyancy experienced by the structure, and the anchoring forces of the support system. The floating tunnel is sealed around, and the structure has all the characteristics of a common tunnel and is considered to be a tunnel rather than a bridge from the use point of view.
Although the suspension tunnel has certain advantages compared with the scheme of cross-sea passages such as immersed tube tunnels, deep-buried tunnels, bridges and the like, the design and construction of the suspension tunnel are still a worldwide problem, and no established suspension tunnel exists so far. Currently, there are mainly 7 countries (norway, italy, japan, china, swiss, brazil, usa) in the world under study, and many technical problems found by the study are mainly: overall structural arrangement, tunnel materials, anchoring system structural style, tunnel connection style and shore connection structural design, tunnel structure feasibility, construction and operation risks and the like. Whether the problems can be solved or not determines whether the suspension tunnel can be moved to actual engineering from a feasible scheme or not.
In the research on the floating tunnel, the proposed structural types can be roughly divided into three types according to the relationship between the self gravity of the floating tunnel and the received buoyancy: float type, anchor type, pier column type. The float-type suspension tunnel is formed by suspending the tunnel on a float bowl on the water surface through an anchor cable or an anchor chain, the gravity of the tunnel is greater than the buoyancy, and the vertical direction of the tunnel is greatly influenced by the fluctuation of the tide level; the anchoring type suspension tunnel is characterized in that the tunnel is anchored below a seabed on the basis of an anchorage through tension legs or anchor cables, the gravity of the tunnel is smaller than the buoyancy, and the tunnel can displace or shake under the action of hydrodynamic force; the pier column is actually a tunnel bridge supported on the underwater pier column, and the construction difficulty is high and the manufacturing cost is high. Because the tunnel floats in water, the tunnel installation construction is influenced by wind, waves, currents, ship traveling waves and the like, the underwater positioning, underwater or overwater butt joint construction difficulty of the three types of tunnels is very high, and the comfort level and the safety risk in the underwater operation period are difficult to predict.
The suspension tunnel is arranged under water with larger water depth, and if the tunnel is too long, the problems of ventilation and escape are difficult to solve. The longer the suspension tunnel is, the more difficult the stability control of the tunnel is, and the greater the construction difficulty and risk are. In order to provide better ventilation conditions for the super-long underwater tunnel, shorten an escape path, reduce the construction risk of the super-long tunnel and be more beneficial to construction period control, operation period maintenance, part replacement and remote service area construction, the artificial island is adopted for carrying out relay extension on the suspended tunnel, and the artificial island is a more realistic choice. The purpose of the suspension tunnel using the relay artificial island as a transition shore base is as follows: firstly, the suspension tunnel relay is extended; secondly, the requirements of ventilation and escape of the underwater tunnel are met; thirdly, the requirement of self stability of the structure in the sea is met; fourthly, the problem that the installation of a too long suspension tunnel is difficult to control is solved; fifthly, the relay and control during multi-span simultaneous construction or multi-span continuous construction of the ultra-long suspension tunnel are realized, and sixthly, the requirement for establishing an intermediate service area of the ultra-long highway tunnel is met.
Because the suspension tunnel is positioned at sea, the influence of sea conditions on construction must be considered, and the pipe joint installation of the tunnel is relatively less influenced by the sea conditions by adopting a pushing process. However, when the suspension tunnel passes through the relay artificial island to be installed, continuous pushing cannot be performed due to the fact that an anchorage is needed for a previous suspension tunnel, pipe joint pushing of a subsequent extending suspension tunnel must be started again in the relay artificial island, prefabricated pipe joints are difficult to directly convey into the relay artificial island from a land segment land pipe joint prefabrication plant, and other pipe joint supply modes must be adopted, so that the external pipe joint supply system in the relay extending artificial island of the suspension tunnel is particularly provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to fill the blank of the prior art and provide an artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of a suspension tunnel, which provides a convenient pipe joint supply mode for the pushing installation of a pipe joint at an extension section of the suspension tunnel, thereby not only improving the installation efficiency of the pipe joint of the suspension tunnel, but also saving the cost.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: an artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of a suspension tunnel is suitable for the suspension tunnel and comprises a land slope tunnel, a shore connection structure, an underwater suspension tunnel, a plurality of artificial connection islands, a guy cable anchorage system and a floating-weight ratio adjusting system; the land slope tunnel comprises a pushing side land slope tunnel and a receiving side land slope tunnel; the shore connecting structures comprise pushing side shore structures and receiving side shore structures which are arranged on the pushing side coast and the receiving side coast in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the water-facing end of the pushing side land area slope tunnel and the water-facing end of the receiving side land area slope tunnel are connected with the back water end of the pushing side shore structure and the back water end of the receiving side shore structure in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the underwater suspension tunnel is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of pipe joints; the plurality of the artificial islands are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the underwater suspended tunnel, so that the whole underwater suspended tunnel is divided into a plurality of cross-suspended tunnels; each binding force artificial island is in an oval shape with a gap and is divided into an island inner part and an island outer part; the island inner part comprises an island base and an island body formed by an island wall and an island inner body; an artificial island pipe joint connecting system is arranged in the island, and comprises an artificial island receiving side shore structure arranged opposite to a pushing side shore and an artificial island pushing side shore structure arranged opposite to the receiving side shore;
the artificial island pipe joint external supply system comprises a material wharf arranged outside the island, a breakwater, a wharf pool, a pipe joint transfer dock arranged inside the island, a transition channel and a pipe joint steering platform;
the material wharf is positioned at the inner end of the outer part of the island and arranged on one side of the artificial island pushing side shore structure; the breakwater is positioned at the counter-current end of the relay artificial island; the harbor pool is a sea area between the back edge of the breakwater and the front edge of the material wharf, and a harbor pool port door is a gap between the relay artificial island and the breakwater and is arranged on one side of a receiving side shore structure of the artificial island;
the pipe joint transfer dock comprises a dock entrance, a dock chamber and a dock tail;
the dock entrance is formed in an island wall located at one end of the harbor basin, and the island wall is formed by connecting a steel large cylinder main lattice and a straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice; the dock entrance is positioned at an auxiliary grid position between the steel large-cylinder main grids, and the auxiliary grid at the position consists of an upper straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid and a lower straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid; a dock gate is arranged on the inner side of the dock gate, and the dock gate is a lifting dock gate or a floating dock gate; the lifting dock entrance comprises an entrance door frame and a steel entrance door; the port door frame is connected with the island wall, and a lifting beam is arranged at the top of the port door frame; the steel port door is embedded in a sliding groove of the port door frame and connected to the lifting beam, and an expansion type water stopping rubber strip is arranged on the inner side of the sliding groove; two sides of the entrance door frame are respectively provided with a water pump room, and the lower parts of the two water pump rooms are respectively provided with a water delivery gallery communicated with the dock chamber;
the plane of the dock chamber is rectangular and vertical to the axis of the suspension tunnel, the net length of the dock chamber is the sum of the lengths of the two sections of pipe joints and the interval distance of 3-5 m, and the width of the dock chamber is the same as the width of the dock entrance; vertically arranging a rubber anti-collision fender on each of two dock walls at intervals of 20m on two sides of the dock chamber, and arranging an anchor machine on the tops of the dock walls on the two sides;
the dock tail is positioned on the inner side of the dock chamber and provided with a lifting dock tail door, and the structure of the dock tail door is the same as that of the lifting dock entrance door and comprises a tail door frame and a steel tail door;
the transition channel is arranged between the dock tail of the pipe joint transfer dock and the artificial island pipe joint connecting system and is vertical to the axis of the suspension tunnel; the transition channel is of a buried structure and the length of the transition channel is at least the length of one section of pipe section; the head of the transition channel is connected with the tail door frame, the tail end of the transition channel is provided with a second sealing door, and the second sealing door is a lifting sealing door and has the same structure as the lifting dock door;
the pipe joint steering platform is arranged between an artificial island receiving side shore structure and an artificial island pushing side shore structure of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system and is of a ball-hinged steering beam plate structure.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension is characterized in that 1-2 berths are arranged along the shore of the material wharf, and the length of each berth is set according to the model length of the largest ship for material transportation; the material wharf takes a cylindrical island wall of a relay artificial island as a foundation structure, a reinforced concrete breast wall is poured at the upper part of the foundation structure, and wharf auxiliary facilities are configured; the width of the material wharf is the maximum width of the island wall of the relay artificial island; the top elevation of the material wharf is designed according to the highest tide level of the past year and is added with the wave height and the surplus height; a plurality of slope type approach bridges are arranged between the rear edge of the material wharf and the terrace in the island.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension is characterized in that the breakwater comprises a box-type embankment base at the lower part and a vertical embankment body at the upper part;
the section structure of the box-type embankment foundation is the same as that of the island foundation and is constructed by multiple layers of backfill sand, each layer of backfill sand is constructed in a cofferdam formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, and the peripheral dimension of each layer of cofferdam is as follows: 1-1: 1.5, the gradient is gradually reduced upwards, so that the shape of the embankment base is pyramid; the height of the buoyancy tank is not lower than that of the backfill sand layer, a longitudinal broken wall and a vertical partition wall are arranged in the buoyancy tank, and the longitudinal broken wall is arranged at a half position of the width of the buoyancy tank; filling a sand material in the buoyancy tank;
the structure of the upright dike body is the same as that of the island wall and is a cylindrical structure, and sand is back-filled in the cylindrical structure; the vertical embankment body is formed by connecting a steel large cylindrical main grid and a straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid; the diameter of the steel large cylinder main lattice is 28 m-30 m, and the net spacing of the main lattices is 14 m-15 m; the auxiliary lattices adopt transverse unconstrained arc steel plates, and the arc radius of the arc steel plates is smaller than that of the main lattices; the top elevation of the vertical dike body is as follows: the highest tide level + wave height + affluence height.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension is characterized in that the plane size of the harbor basin meets the requirement of a material transportation ship on the turning radius.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension is characterized in that the floating dock gate is of a reinforced concrete box type structure.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of the suspended tunnel is characterized in that the top elevation of the pipe joint transfer dock is the same as that of the island wall; the elevation of the inner bottom of the dock chamber is the same as the elevation of the inner ground of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system; the width of the dock entrance, the width of the dock chamber and the width of the dock tail are all +2m of the outer diameter of the pipe joint; the length of the dock chamber is at least the length of two sections of pipe joints; the bottom elevation of the door frame is the outer diameter of the pipe joint subtracted from the lowest tide level in the past year; the size of the tail door frame is the same as the section size of the transition channel.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension is characterized in that a cement mixing pile is arranged below the transition channel for reinforcement, and the section of the transition channel is of a single-layer single-chamber box-type pipe gallery structure.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension is characterized in that the pipe joint steering platform comprises a bearing platform provided with a pile foundation and a turntable hinged on the bearing platform.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension is characterized in that a concrete mixing station, a steel bar processing plant, a laboratory and a chemical warehouse are further arranged in the island.
The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension has the following characteristics:
1) the invention adopts the relay artificial island to extend the underwater suspended tunnel, greatly improves the length of the tunnel, and effectively solves the problems of ventilation, escape and the like of the super-long tunnel.
2) The pipe joint external supply system of the artificial island provides a convenient pipe joint supply mode for the pushing installation of the pipe joints of the suspension tunnel, a pipe joint prefabrication factory is not required to be built in the relay artificial island, the area occupied by the relay artificial island is relatively small, and the cost is relatively low.
3) The pipe joint transfer dock in the artificial island pipe joint external supply system is built in the relay artificial island, so that the problem that the dock is difficult to build on the sea is solved.
4) The pipe joint transferring dock in the artificial island pipe joint external supply system can accommodate two sections of pipe joints at one time, so that the installation efficiency of the suspended tunnel pipe joint is improved, and the construction period can be shortened.
5) The transition channel in the artificial island pipe joint external supply system provides a convenient escape way for the operation period of the suspension tunnel.
6) The harbor basin in the artificial island pipe joint external supply system provides a good platform-preventing wind-sheltering harbor for the marine ship.
7) The structure of the external supply system of the artificial island pipe joint adopts a permanent and temporary combined structure, thereby greatly saving the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a diagonal-pulling anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of an artificial island;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a diagonal-pulling anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of an artificial island;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section of a diagonal-pulling anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of an artificial island;
FIG. 4 is a floor plan of the artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension of the present invention;
FIG. 5a is a cross-sectional view of a breakwater in the man-made island pipe joint external supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a plan view of a breakwater in the man-made island pipe section external supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of an artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section of the external supply system for artificial island pipe joints for suspending tunnel relay extension of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a transition passage in the man-made island pipe section external supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a pipe joint steering platform in the man-made island pipe joint external supply system of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a plan layout view of a relay artificial island of a cable-stayed anchor type suspension tunnel during operation of the tunnel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the artificial island pipe joint self-supply system for relay extension of a floating tunnel according to the present invention is suitable for a diagonal-pulling anchorage type floating tunnel for relay extension of an artificial island, and includes a tunnel body, a shore-connecting structure, a plurality of foundation-connection artificial islands 7, and a guy cable anchorage system. The shore connecting structure comprises a pushing side shore structure 2 and a receiving side shore structure which are correspondingly arranged on a pushing side shore and a receiving side shore one by one; the tunnel body comprises an underwater suspension tunnel 1, a pushing side land slope tunnel 6 and a receiving side land slope tunnel; the water facing end of the pushing side land area slope tunnel 6 and the water facing end of the receiving side land area slope tunnel are connected with the back water end of the pushing side bank structure 2 and the back water end of the receiving side bank structure in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The underwater suspension tunnel 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of pipe joints 10; the plurality of the artificial islands 7 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the underwater suspension tunnel 1, so that the whole underwater suspension tunnel 1 is divided into a plurality of cross-suspension tunnels; the cable anchorage system comprises a plurality of pairs of cable anchorage artificial islands 4 and a plurality of groups of stay cables 3; a plurality of pairs of guy cable anchorage artificial islands 4 are arranged at midspan positions at two sides of each midspan of the suspension tunnel; each group of stay cables 3 is connected between each span of the suspension tunnel and each pair of guy anchor artificial islands 4.
The purpose of the underwater suspension tunnel 1 is to use the relay artificial island 7 as a transition shore base: firstly, the suspension tunnel relay is extended; secondly, the requirements of ventilation and escape of the underwater tunnel are met; thirdly, the requirement of self stability of the structure in the sea is met; fourthly, the problem that the installation of a too long suspension tunnel is difficult to control is solved; fifthly, the relay and control during multi-span simultaneous construction or multi-span continuous construction of the ultra-long suspension tunnel are realized, and sixthly, the requirement for establishing an intermediate service area of the ultra-long highway tunnel is met.
Referring to fig. 4 to 8, in view of construction difficulty, the relay artificial island 7 is preferably installed in a sea area with a water depth of 40 to 100 m. Each binding force artificial island 7 is in an oval shape with a gap and is divided into an island inner part and an island outer part, wherein the island inner part comprises an island base 71 and an island body formed by an island wall 72 and the island inner body; the interior of the island is provided with an artificial island pipe joint connecting system; the artificial island pipe joint connecting system comprises an artificial island receiving side shore structure 7A arranged opposite to the pushing side shore and an artificial island pushing side shore structure 7B arranged opposite to the receiving side shore.
The pipe joint external supply system of the artificial island is arranged on the relay artificial island 7 and comprises a material wharf 81, a breakwater 82 and a wharf pool 83 which are arranged outside the island, and a pipe joint transfer dock 9A, a transition channel 9B and a pipe joint steering platform 9C which are arranged inside the island.
The material wharf 81 is positioned at the inner end of the outer part of the island and is arranged on one side of the artificial island pushing side shore structure 7B; the breakwater 82 is positioned at the reverse flow end of the relay artificial island 7; the harbor basin 83 is the sea area between the back edge of the breakwater 82 and the front edge of the material wharf 81, and the harbor basin entrance is a gap between the relay artificial island 7 and the breakwater 82 and is arranged at one side of the artificial island receiving side shore structure 7A, so that the material wharf 81 is better shielded by the breakwater 82.
1-2 berths are arranged along the shore of the material wharf 81, the length of each berth is set according to the type length of a material transportation ship, and the material transportation ship is considered according to a maximum 6000t barge. The material wharf 81 takes the island wall 72 of the relay artificial island 7 as a foundation structure, a reinforced concrete breast wall is poured on the upper part of the foundation structure, and wharf auxiliary facilities such as a rubber fender, a mooring post and a ladder stand are configured; the width of the material wharf 81 is the maximum width of the island wall 72 of the relay artificial island 7, namely 28 m-30 m; the top elevation of the material wharf 81 is designed according to the highest tide level of the past year, and the wave height and the surplus height are added; in view of the large height difference between the material wharf 81 and the terrace of the island inner body, a plurality of slope type approach bridges are arranged between the rear edge of the material wharf 81 and the terrace of the island inner body.
The breakwater 82 has an inverted T-shaped cross section, namely, the breakwater is composed of a box-type embankment base at the lower part and a vertical embankment body at the upper part; the section structure of the box-type embankment base is the same as that of the island base 71 and is constructed by a plurality of layers of backfill sand 822, each layer of backfill sand 822 is constructed in a cofferdam 821 formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, and the peripheral dimension of each layer of cofferdam 821 is as follows: 1-1: 1.5, the gradient is gradually reduced upwards, so that the shape of the embankment base is pyramid; the height of the buoyancy tank is not lower than that of a layer of backfill sand, a longitudinal broken wall and two vertical partition walls are arranged in the buoyancy tank, and the longitudinal broken wall is arranged at a half position of the width of the buoyancy tank; the buoyancy tank is also filled with a sandy material; the structure of the vertical embankment body 823 is the same as that of the island wall 72 and is a cylindrical structure, and backfill sand 822 is filled in the cylindrical structure; a wave wall 824 is arranged on the sea side of the top of the upright embankment body 823; the vertical dike body 823 is formed by connecting a steel large cylindrical main lattice 823a and a straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice 823 b; the diameter of the steel large cylinder main lattice 823a is 28 m-30 m, and the net spacing of the main lattices is 14 m-15 m; the auxiliary lattices 823b adopt transverse unconstrained arc steel plates, the arc radius of the auxiliary lattices is smaller than that of the main lattices, and the length of the auxiliary lattices is smaller than that of the main lattices; the top elevation of the upright dyke 823 is: the highest tide level + wave height + affluence height. The bottom of the main lattice and the bottom of the auxiliary lattice are both required to be inserted into the hard soil layer for a certain depth, and the requirement of dyke body stability is met.
The island inner body of the relay artificial island 7 is backfilled sand filled in the island wall 72.
The planar dimensions of the harbor basin 83 are such that the turning radius requirements of the material transfer vessel are met, the material transfer vessel being considered as a maximum 6000t barge.
The pipe joint transfer dock 9A comprises a dock entrance 91, a dock chamber 92 and a dock tail 93; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the dock entrance 91 is formed in the island wall 72 at one end of the port block 83; the dock entrance 91 is positioned at the position of an auxiliary grid between the steel large cylinder main grids, and the auxiliary grid at the position of the dock entrance 91 is composed of an upper straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid and a lower straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid; after the construction of the in-island structure of the relay artificial island 7 is completed, removing the upper straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice to form a dock entrance 91, and backfilling protective stones in the lower straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice;
a dock gate 910 is arranged on the inner side of the dock gate 91, and the dock gate 910 is positioned on the upper part of the dock gate 91 and corresponds to the dock gate 91 of the island wall 72; the dock gate 910 is a lifting dock gate or a floating dock gate; the floating dock gate adopts a reinforced concrete box type structure; the lifting dock entrance door comprises an entrance door frame 911 and a steel entrance door 912, wherein the entrance door frame 911 is connected with the island wall 72, and a lifting beam 913 is arranged at the top of the entrance door frame 911 and used for lifting the steel entrance door 912; the steel port door 912 is embedded in a sliding groove of the port door frame 911 and connected to the lifting beam, an expansion type water stopping rubber strip 91a is arranged on the inner side of the sliding groove, and the water pressure outside the dock chamber 92 is used for sealing; the bottom elevation of the port door frame 911 is the outer diameter of the pipe joint subtracted from the lowest tide level in the past year; two sides of the entrance door frame 911 are respectively provided with a water pump room 91b, and the lower parts of the two water pump rooms 91b are respectively provided with a water delivery gallery communicated with the dock chamber 92;
the plane of the dock chamber 92 is rectangular and vertical to the axis of the suspension tunnel, the net length of the dock chamber 92 is the sum of the lengths of the two sections of pipe joints 10 and the interval distance of 3-5 m, the width of the dock chamber 92 is the same as the width of the dock entrance 91, and the elevation of the inner bottom of the dock chamber 92 is the same as the elevation of the inside of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system; a rubber anti-collision fender 92b is vertically arranged on each of two side dock walls of the dock chamber 92 at intervals of 20m, and an anchor machine 92a is arranged at the top of each of the two side dock walls and used for dragging the pipe joint 10 to float and enter the dock chamber 92;
the dock tail 93 is positioned on the inner side of the dock chamber 92 and is provided with a lifting dock tail gate 930, the structure of the dock tail gate 930 is the same as that of the dock entrance door 910, and the dock tail gate 930 comprises a tail gate frame and a steel tail gate; the dock tail 93 is positioned at the lower part of the tail door frame and is opposite to the transition channel 9B; the top of the tail doorframe is provided with a lifting beam for lifting the steel tail door; the steel tail gate is embedded in a sliding groove of the tail gate frame and connected to the lifting beam, an expansion type water stopping rubber strip 93a is arranged on the inner side of the sliding groove, and the sliding groove is sealed by water pressure in the dock chamber 92; the size of the tail door frame is the same as the section size of the transition passage 9B.
The elevation of the pipe section transfer dock 9A is the same as the elevation of the island wall 72; the elevation of the inner bottom of the dock chamber 92 is the same as the elevation of the inner ground of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system; the width of the dock entrance 91, the width of the dock chamber 92 and the width of the dock tail 93 are all +2m of the outer diameter of the pipe joint 10.
In order to facilitate the opening of the dock entrance 91 on the island wall, the dock entrance 91 is considered to be arranged at the position of a secondary lattice of the island wall, the secondary lattice adopts vertically connected straight-web steel sheet piles, and after the pipe joint transfer dock 9A is finished, the upper-layer secondary lattice is pulled out to form the dock entrance 91. Influenced by the structural stability of the island wall, the width of the pipe joint transfer dock 9A is the outer diameter of the pipe joint, and the length direction of the pipe joint transfer dock 9A is the length of two sections of pipe joints 10, namely, two sections of pipe joints 10 are transferred by pumping water once, so that the use efficiency of the pipe joint transfer dock 9A is improved.
The transition channel 9B is arranged between the dock tail 93 of the pipe joint transfer dock 9A and the artificial island pipe joint connecting system and is vertical to the axis of the suspension tunnel; the transition passage 9B is of a buried structure, the length of the transition passage is at least the length of one section of pipe joint 10, and the section of the transition passage 9B is of a single-layer single-chamber box-type pipe gallery structure; the head of the transition channel 9B is connected with the tail door frame, a traction pedestal (not shown) is arranged in the transition channel 9B, the tail end of the transition channel 9B is provided with a second sealing door 90, and the second sealing door 90 is a lifting sealing door and has the same structure as the lifting dock door; and in consideration of the sedimentation problem, a cement mixing pile is arranged below the transition passage 9B for reinforcement.
The pipe joint steering platform 9C is arranged between the artificial island receiving side shore structure 7A and the artificial island pushing side shore structure 7B of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system and is of a ball-hinged steering beam plate structure, namely comprises a bearing platform 95a provided with a pile foundation and a turntable 95B hinged on the bearing platform 95 a.
In addition, because the pipe joint connecting system of the artificial island and the pipe joint transferring dock 9A in the pipe joint external supply system are all of reinforced concrete structures, structural raw materials need to be conveyed to the relay artificial island 7, and during the installation and construction period of the suspension tunnel, a concrete mixing station 94, a steel bar processing plant 95, a test room 96 and a chemical warehouse 97 need to be arranged on the relay artificial island 7.
The invention relates to an artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of a suspension tunnel, wherein a corresponding pipe joint transportation method is a water-land conversion method. After the structure in the island is finished, removing the upper layer sub lattice of the island wall 72 at the dock entrance 91 of the pipe section transfer dock 9A to form the dock entrance 91, and enabling water to enter the dock chamber 92 until the water level is flush with the water surface outside the dock. Prefabricating pipe joints 10 in a land area dock, transporting the pipe joints 10 into a dock basin 83 of a relay artificial island 7 by adopting a semi-submersible barge, submerging the semi-submersible barge at the outer side of a dock entrance 91 in a direction perpendicular to a direction of a suspension tunnel, matching a deck barge with an anchor machine in the dock basin 83, pulling the pipe joints 10 out of the dock basin transversely, carrying out floating transportation to a dock entrance door 910, pulling the pipe joints 10 into the dock room 92 by the anchor machine 92a in the dock room 92, closing the dock entrance 910, pumping water in the dock room 92 by water pump rooms 91B on two sides of the dock entrance 910 to make the pipe joints 10 sit on a pipe joint transportation flat car 9 on a bottom plate of the dock room 92, then opening a dock entrance 930, pulling the pipe joint transportation flat car to a fixed position of a pipe joint steering platform 9C by the anchor machine on a traction pedestal in a transition passage 9B, rotating a rotary table 95B of the pipe joint steering platform 9C by 90 degrees to make the pipe joints 10 consistent with the axis of the suspension tunnel, then, dry connection and wet pushing of pipe joints can be carried out in the artificial island pushing side shore structure 7B. After the two sections of pipe joints 10 enter the transition passage 9B, the dock gate 930 is closed, the dock gate 910 is opened, and water enters the pipe joint transfer dock 9A to enable the water level in the dock chamber 92 to be flush with the external water surface, so that the next two sections of pipe joints 10 are transferred.
The pipe section transfer dock 9A is used to convert the pipe sections 10 from a water borne environment to a dry environment while lowering the pipe sections 10 from below the water surface to the installed elevation of the suspended tunnel.
After the tunnel pipe joints are installed, the buildings such as the concrete mixing plant 94, the steel bar processing plant 95, the laboratory 96, the chemical storehouse 97 and the like in the island are dismantled, and the suspended tunnel operation period structures such as the comprehensive building 75A, the helicopter apron 74A, the parking lot 73A, the lighthouse 72A and the like are planned and managed again according to the operation period tunnel functions. The transition channel 9B is a connecting channel between the pipe joint transfer dock 9A and the artificial island pipe joint connecting system, can be used as a pipe joint transportation and stockpiling site in the tunnel construction period, and can be used as an escape or rescue channel 71A in the tunnel operation period. The pipe joint steering platform 9C is dismantled after the installation of the pipe joint of the extension section of the suspension tunnel is completed, the installation area of the pipe joint steering platform 9C is used as a vehicle steering and avoiding area 70A in the tunnel operation period, and a ventilation shaft 70 is arranged corresponding to the vehicle steering and avoiding area 70A. The harbor basin 83 is used for a pipe joint transportation semi-submerged barge submerging area in the suspension tunnel construction period, and can be used for wind shielding and supply of offshore ships in the suspension tunnel operation period. Considering that the risk of safety of material transportation is high in the non-sheltered sea area, the material supply of the concrete structure in the island is also provided with a breakwater to form a sheltered harbor basin 83, and an island wall 72 building material harbor 81 inside the harbor basin 83 is used for the transportation and loading and unloading of the structure construction material in the island (see fig. 10).
Except that the material wharf 81, the breakwater 82 and the island wall of the relay artificial island 7 are constructed simultaneously, all structures in the island are constructed after the foundation of the relay artificial island 7 is treated, consolidated and settled relatively stably. The concrete mixing plant 94 of the pipe segment prefabrication plant should be constructed first to provide concrete for the construction of the reinforced concrete structure in the island. The pipe joint transfer dock 9A and the transition channel 9B belong to deep foundation pit engineering as the artificial island pipe joint connecting system, and a cast-in-situ process after excavation of a foundation pit in the enclosure structure is adopted. The envelope structure of the transition passage 9B and the artificial island pipe joint connecting system can be constructed simultaneously. And the inside of the relay artificial island is filled with back-filled sand, and the enclosure structure is preferably provided with steel pipe lock piles.
The implementation steps of the external supply system structure of the suspension tunnel pipe joint are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: and (5) constructing the relay artificial island 7 and treating a foundation.
Step two: and constructing foundations and structures of the concrete mixing plant 94, the steel bar processing plant 95 and the like.
Step three: and constructing the enclosure structure of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system.
Step four: and constructing the artificial island pipe joint connecting system, the pipe joint transferring dock 9A and the transition channel 9B.
Step five: and removing the upper layer sub lattice of the island wall 72 at the dock entrance 91 of the pipe joint transfer dock 9A to form the dock entrance 91, so that water enters the dock chamber 92 until the water level is flush with the water level outside the dock.
Step six: and (4) prefabricating pipe joints in land, and transporting the pipe joints to a harbor basin 83 in a semi-submerged barge mode.
Step seven: and (3) drawing the pipe joint 10 into a pipe joint transfer dock 9A, closing a dock entrance door 910, and pumping water in the dock chamber 92.
Step eight: the traction pipe joint 10 is transferred to the pipe joint steering platform 9C through the transfer passage 9B.
Step nine: and (3) steering the pipe joint 10 on a pipe joint steering platform 9C at the inner slope bottom of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system to enable the pipe joint 10 to be consistent with the axis of the suspension tunnel, closing a dock gate 930 and a second sealing gate 90 of a transition channel 9B, closing a dock entrance 910, and irrigating water in a dock chamber 92 to be flush with the water surface outside the dock.
Step ten: dry connection and wet pushing of the pipe joints 10 are carried out in the shore structure of the pushing side of the artificial island.
Step eleven: and repeating the sixth step to the tenth step until the pushing of the pipe joint 10 is finished.
Step twelve: and (3) dismantling the buildings such as the concrete mixing station 94, the steel bar processing factory 95, the laboratory 96, the chemical warehouse 97 and the like, and simultaneously suspending the construction of subsequent accessory facilities in the tunnel.
Step thirteen: the management integrated building 75A, the helicopter apron 74A, the parking lot 73A, the lighthouse 72A, and the like.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. An artificial island pipe joint external supply system for relay extension of a suspension tunnel comprises a land slope tunnel, a shore connection structure, an underwater suspension tunnel, a plurality of artificial force connection islands, a guy cable anchorage system and a floating-weight ratio adjusting system; the land slope tunnel comprises a pushing side land slope tunnel and a receiving side land slope tunnel; the shore connecting structures comprise pushing side shore structures and receiving side shore structures which are arranged on the pushing side coast and the receiving side coast in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the water-facing end of the pushing side land area slope tunnel and the water-facing end of the receiving side land area slope tunnel are connected with the back water end of the pushing side shore structure and the back water end of the receiving side shore structure in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the underwater suspension tunnel is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of pipe joints; the plurality of the artificial islands are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the underwater suspended tunnel, so that the whole underwater suspended tunnel is divided into a plurality of cross-suspended tunnels; each binding force artificial island is in an oval shape with a gap and is divided into an island inner part and an island outer part; the island inner part comprises an island base and an island body formed by an island wall and an island inner body; an artificial island pipe joint connecting system is arranged in the island, and comprises an artificial island receiving side shore structure arranged opposite to a pushing side shore and an artificial island pushing side shore structure arranged opposite to the receiving side shore; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the artificial island pipe joint external supply system comprises a material wharf arranged outside the island, a breakwater, a wharf pool, a pipe joint transfer dock arranged inside the island, a transition channel and a pipe joint steering platform;
the material wharf is positioned at the inner end of the outer part of the island and arranged on one side of the artificial island pushing side shore structure; the breakwater is positioned at the counter-current end of the relay artificial island; the harbor pool is a sea area between the back edge of the breakwater and the front edge of the material wharf, and a harbor pool port door is a gap between the relay artificial island and the breakwater and is arranged on one side of a receiving side shore structure of the artificial island;
the pipe joint transfer dock comprises a dock entrance, a dock chamber and a dock tail;
the dock entrance is formed in an island wall located at one end of the harbor basin, and the island wall is formed by connecting a steel large cylinder main lattice and a straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice; the dock entrance is positioned at an auxiliary grid position between the steel large-cylinder main grids, and the auxiliary grid at the position consists of an upper straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid and a lower straight-web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid; a dock gate is arranged on the inner side of the dock gate, and the dock gate is a lifting dock gate or a floating dock gate; the lifting dock entrance comprises an entrance door frame and a steel entrance door; the port door frame is connected with the island wall, and a lifting beam is arranged at the top of the port door frame; the steel port door is embedded in a sliding groove of the port door frame and connected to the lifting beam, and an expansion type water stopping rubber strip is arranged on the inner side of the sliding groove; two sides of the entrance door frame are respectively provided with a water pump room, and the lower parts of the two water pump rooms are respectively provided with a water delivery gallery communicated with the dock chamber;
the plane of the dock chamber is rectangular and vertical to the axis of the suspension tunnel, the net length of the dock chamber is the sum of the lengths of the two sections of pipe joints and the interval distance of 3-5 m, and the width of the dock chamber is the same as the width of the dock entrance; vertically arranging a rubber anti-collision fender on each of two dock walls at intervals of 20m on two sides of the dock chamber, and arranging an anchor machine on the tops of the dock walls on the two sides;
the dock tail is positioned on the inner side of the dock chamber and provided with a lifting dock tail door, and the structure of the dock tail door is the same as that of the lifting dock entrance door and comprises a tail door frame and a steel tail door;
the transition channel is arranged between the dock tail of the pipe joint transfer dock and the artificial island pipe joint connecting system and is vertical to the axis of the suspension tunnel; the transition channel is of a buried structure and the length of the transition channel is at least the length of one section of pipe section; the head of the transition channel is connected with the tail door frame, the tail end of the transition channel is provided with a second sealing door, and the second sealing door is a lifting sealing door and has the same structure as the lifting dock door;
the pipe joint steering platform is arranged between an artificial island receiving side shore structure and an artificial island pushing side shore structure of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system and is of a ball-hinged steering beam plate structure.
2. The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension according to claim 1, wherein 1-2 berths are laid along the shore of the material wharf, and the length of each berth is set according to the type length of a ship with the largest material transportation; the material wharf takes a cylindrical island wall of a relay artificial island as a foundation structure, a reinforced concrete breast wall is poured at the upper part of the foundation structure, and wharf auxiliary facilities are configured; the width of the material wharf is the maximum width of the island wall of the relay artificial island; the top elevation of the material wharf is designed according to the highest tide level of the past year and is added with the wave height and the surplus height; a plurality of slope type approach bridges are arranged between the rear edge of the material wharf and the terrace in the island.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the breakwater comprises a lower box-type embankment base and an upper upright embankment body;
the section structure of the box-type embankment foundation is the same as that of the island foundation and is constructed by multiple layers of backfill sand, each layer of backfill sand is constructed in a cofferdam formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, and the peripheral dimension of each layer of cofferdam is as follows: 1-1: 1.5, the gradient is gradually reduced upwards, so that the shape of the embankment base is pyramid; the height of the buoyancy tank is not lower than that of the backfill sand layer, a longitudinal broken wall and a vertical partition wall are arranged in the buoyancy tank, and the longitudinal broken wall is arranged at a half position of the width of the buoyancy tank; filling a sand material in the buoyancy tank;
the structure of the upright dike body is the same as that of the island wall and is a cylindrical structure, and sand is back-filled in the cylindrical structure; the vertical embankment body is formed by connecting a steel large cylindrical main grid and a straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary grid; the diameter of the steel large cylinder main lattice is 28 m-30 m, and the net spacing of the main lattices is 14 m-15 m; the auxiliary lattices adopt transverse unconstrained arc steel plates, and the arc radius of the arc steel plates is smaller than that of the main lattices; the top elevation of the vertical dike body is as follows: the highest tide level + wave height + affluence height.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the planar dimensions of the harbor basin are such that the turning radius requirements of the material handling vessel are met.
5. The system for external supply of artificial island pipe joints for relay extension of suspended tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the caisson doors are of a reinforced concrete box structure.
6. The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension of claim 1, wherein the elevation of the top of the pipe joint transfer dock is the same as the elevation of the top of the island wall; the elevation of the inner bottom of the dock chamber is the same as the elevation of the inner ground of the artificial island pipe joint connecting system; the width of the dock entrance, the width of the dock chamber and the width of the dock tail are all +2m of the outer diameter of the pipe joint; the length of the dock chamber is at least the length of two sections of pipe joints; the bottom elevation of the door frame is the outer diameter of the pipe joint subtracted from the lowest tide level in the past year; the size of the tail door frame is the same as the section size of the transition channel.
7. The artificial island pipe joint external supply system for suspending tunnel relay extension according to claim 1, wherein a cement mixing pile is arranged below the transition channel for reinforcement, and the section of the transition channel is of a single-layer single-chamber box-type pipe gallery structure.
8. The system according to claim 1, wherein the pipe joint steering platform comprises a bearing platform provided with a pile foundation and a turntable hinged to the bearing platform.
9. The system for external supply of artificial island pipe sections for suspending tunnel relay extension according to claim 1, wherein the intra-island portion is further provided with a concrete mixing plant, a steel bar processing plant, a laboratory and a chemical warehouse.
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