RU2468151C2 - Underwater garage for vehicles and method to construct underwater garage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: underwater garage comprises a tight body, descents for entry and exit of transport from the garage, floors arranged within the body. The body is arranged in the form of a module representing a tight solid reinforced concrete box. At the end sections of the body there are ramps arranged, which are made curvilinear and rise above water. Entry and exit are carried out along a piled bridge that connects the quay and the curvilinear ramps. The method to construct the underwater garage includes construction of a coastal pit separated from the river with a soil dam. The pit is arranged by providing vertical walls reinforced with the help of a metal rabbet. Then assembly is carried out in the module pit, and it is hydraulically insulated. The pit is filled with water, the dam is dismantled, and the module is transported to the place of installation. The module is installed into a previously prepared underwater pit by means of partial filling of the module with water, the module is surcharged in order to prevent floating and, and works are performed to reinforce the bottom with subsequent water pumping. Descents are arranged in the form of the piled bridge that connects the quay and the ramps of the underwater garage.

EFFECT: improved conditions for operation due to considerable reduction of space for entering a garage using curvilinear ramps.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to garage construction and can be used in the construction of garages under rivers, reservoirs and other water barriers.

The invention is known "FLOATING STRUCTURE FOR CARS" (Patent RU No. 2174929, published: 20.10.2001), in which the floating structure has loading platforms for placing cars and a load-bearing circuit, on the elements of which cargo platforms are supported with the possibility of movement along the circuit. The supporting circuit can be made in the form of two longitudinal rails located one below the other and two lifts installed at the ends of the longitudinal rails. In addition, the supporting contour can be made in the form of two stationary longitudinal guides and two movable longitudinal guides located in the horizontal plane, mounted with the possibility of lateral movement at the ends of the stationary longitudinal guides. Alternatively, the support loop may be closed in the form of a chain conveyor. The longitudinal axis of the vehicles may be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the floating structure or may be located along this axis of the floating structure. The technical result is a reduction in the time of setting and removing cars from a parking lot on a floating structure.

The disadvantages of this invention are:

- the complexity of the design (it is necessary to create a complex system of mechanisms that will put the car in free space);

- it is necessary to carry out constant technical supervision and repair of mechanisms (due to the complexity of the design);

- the proposed structure rises significantly above the water and may violate the architectural appearance and architectural integrity of the city.

The invention is known as "FLOATING MULTI-STOREYED GARAGE" (Patent GB 1431670, published 1976-04-14), in which a floating multi-storey garage for vehicles, including a waterproof hollow steel case, many floors supported by steel poles one above the other, floors arranged within and also above the building, there are many ramps connected between floors in order to allow the movement of vehicles and exit means for the entry and exit of vehicles from a garage floating on a mass of water and mooring to reg line.

The disadvantages of this invention are:

- the proposed structure rises significantly above the water and may violate the architectural appearance and architectural integrity of the city;

- high cost of construction due to the high metal consumption of the structure;

- the structure is a vessel and needs annual surveys, maintenance and repair work to restore the integrity of the steel sheathing of the hull, i.e. requires constant operating costs.

This technical solution is the closest to the claimed and is a prototype.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the cost of construction by reducing the metal consumption of the structure; a significant reduction in the space required for vehicles to enter the garage, the use of curved ramps in the garage design, which is important in conditions of close urban development; creating a structure that does not affect the architectural appearance and architectural integrity of the city.

This problem is solved by creating an underwater garage for vehicles, containing a sealed enclosure containing exits for the entry and exit of vehicles from the garage, arranged within the enclosure, characterized in that the enclosure is made in the form of a module, which is a sealed monolithic reinforced concrete box, at the end sections of which ramps are located, and the ramps are made curved and rise above the water, and check-in and exit are carried out along the pile overpass connecting the embankment and curved ramps under water garage.

This problem is also solved by creating a method for constructing an underwater garage, including the construction of a coastal pit for assembling an underwater garage dry, in which the pit is fenced off from the river by a dirt bridge, while the pit is performed on the shore of a pond by means of vertical walls reinforced with a metal tongue, then they are assembled in an arranged foundation pit of a monolithic reinforced concrete module, moreover, the module is waterproofed, then the foundation pit is filled with water, followed by disassembly the jumpers separating the pit from the pond transport the module to the installation site, then install the module in a pre-prepared underwater pit by partially filling the module with water, load the module to prevent ascent and work on dredging, followed by pumping water, then make ramps in the form of a pile flyover, mating promenade and ramp underwater garage.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a monolithic reinforced concrete module.

Figure 2 shows a General view of the pit for the installation of a monolithic reinforced concrete module.

Figure 3 shows the process of transporting a monolithic reinforced concrete module to the installation site.

Figure 4 shows a plan of a typical floor.

Figure 5 shows a view of the garage after construction (ramps rise above the water and exits to the roadway are visible).

Underwater garage for vehicles (figure 1) contains a monolithic reinforced concrete module 1, the construction of which is carried out not at the place of its installation, but in a specially designated excavation pit (similar to a dock), located not in a densely populated urban area, but in a convenient place for this . Further transportation of module 1 to the installation site is carried out by water, using the positive buoyancy of the structure (figure 3). The module is a sealed monolithic reinforced concrete box (1), at the end sections of which ramps (2) are arranged, through which vehicles will subsequently enter and exit the garage. The dimensions of the module may vary and be limited by the conditions of navigation (dimensions of the waterway).

The construction technology of an underwater garage is illustrated in FIGS. 2-5 and described below.

The installation of module (1) of the future garage is carried out not on the riverbed behind the protective bridges (unpaved, sheet pile, etc.), but on the shore in a specially prepared temporary foundation pit located outside the city limits (Fig. 2). The vertical walls of the pit (3) are reinforced with a metal tongue. The size of the pit can be 300 × 30 m. The temporary pit is fenced off from the river by a dirt bridge (4), thus, the installation of the reinforced concrete module is carried out dry. The bottom of the pit (5) is located 4 m below the water level.

After installation and waterproofing of the module (1), the pit is flooded, and the assembled module floats up under the action of the buoyancy force of water, after which the soil bridge (4) is disassembled and the module (1) is discharged into the river by tugboats. The pit is subsequently used for the installation of the following modules.

Transportation of the sealed monolithic building of the future underground garage is carried out by tugboats on water (Fig. 3), using the positive buoyancy of the reinforced concrete module. The dimensions of future parking will depend on the delivery scheme and the location of the slipway. When the slipway is located outside the city on the shore of one of the reservoirs of the watershed pool of the Canal named after Moscow (KiM) and the need to transport the garage module through existing on the channel to them. Moscow (KiM) locks (dimensions 290 × 30 m) module size (1) can be about 200 × 20 × 4 meters. If necessary, it is possible to provide a connection system in a single design of two or more modules before laying on the bottom. On average, one module can accommodate about 100 cars (figure 4).

Laying the module (1) to the bottom in the design position is carried out in a previously developed underwater pit by filling the module with water or by adjusting the buoyancy of the pontoons. In addition, when concreting the module (1), cavities can be provided in its body, which can subsequently be filled with water or soil, which can also be used to control the buoyancy of the module.

After laying the module (1) on the bottom, it is filled with soil and the bottom is strengthened at the construction site.

Check-in to the parking is carried out on a pile overpass connecting the embankment and the entrance curved ramps. Ramps are carried out on the slipway simultaneously with the installation of the module and after laying the module on the bottom rise above the water.

The connection of the future parking with the shore, if necessary, can also be decided by laying 2 tunnels (for entry and exit) using a tunneling complex with an outer diameter of 4.5 m. In this case, it is advisable to use start pits for the organization of ramps.

An underwater garage can be located both along the coast and across the riverbed. If the parking is located across the channel, the exit can be carried out on any of the coasts, i.e. parking, if necessary, can also carry out the function of a bridge connecting two coasts.

The view of the garage after the construction of the structure is shown in Fig. 5, the ramps rise above the water and the exits to the roadway are visible.

The sequence of operations for the construction of an underwater garage is given below:

1. The device of the pit for the assembly of a monolithic reinforced concrete module on the shore of the reservoir (figure 1). The pit is carried out by means of a sheet pile wall device using a land piling installation. Excavation is carried out by an excavator;

2. Assembly in an arranged foundation pit of a monolithic reinforced concrete module. The assembly of the module does not differ from the standard work performed during the installation of monolithic reinforced concrete structures in ASG;

3. Waterproofing of the module using modern taping and other waterproofing materials;

4. Filling the pit with water, followed by disassembling by the excavator of the jumper separating the pit from the reservoir;

5. Transportation of the module to the installation site. Transportation is carried out by river tugs;

6. Installing the module in a pre-prepared underwater pit by partially filling the module with water;

7. Module loading in order to prevent ascent and dredging device with subsequent pumping of water (drainage) from the module;

8. Arrangement of exits. The congresses are carried out in the form of a pile overpass connecting the embankment and the ramp of the underwater garage. The pile foundation of the overpass is arranged using floating equipment;

9. Commissioning.

The main difference of the proposed method is the possibility of building a multi-ton module for 100 or more parking spaces outside the urban area, several tens of kilometers from the installation site, with subsequent transportation to the installation site by water due to its own buoyancy. This scheme allows you to:

- reduce the cost of construction by 2 or more times;

- minimize the impact of construction on the movement of vehicles within the city and the life of the city as a whole;

- the elimination of the need to constrain the river bed during construction and, therefore, the limitation of water flow in the river, the exclusion of obstacles to navigation.

Claims (2)

1. An underwater garage for vehicles, containing a sealed enclosure containing exits for the entry and exit of vehicles from the garage, floors arranged within the enclosure, characterized in that the enclosure is made in the form of a module, which is a sealed monolithic reinforced concrete box, at the end sections of which ramps are located, and the ramps are curved and rise above the water, and check-in and exit are carried out along the pile overpass connecting the embankment and the curved ramps of the underwater garage. 2. A method of constructing an underwater garage, including the construction of a coastal pit for assembling an underwater garage, characterized in that the pit is fenced off from the river by a dirt bridge, while the pit is performed on the shore of a pond by means of vertical walls, reinforced with a metal tongue, then assembled in an arranged foundation pit of a monolithic reinforced concrete module, moreover, the module is waterproofed using waterproofing materials, then the foundation pit is filled with water, followed by After assembling the jumpers separating the foundation pit from the reservoir by the excavator, the module is transported to the installation site, then the module is installed in a pre-prepared underwater pit by partially filling the module with water, the module is loaded to prevent ascent and dredging work with subsequent pumping of water, then exits to the form of a pile overpass connecting the embankment and ramps of an underwater garage.

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