CN111484303B - 一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111484303B
CN111484303B CN202010297538.9A CN202010297538A CN111484303B CN 111484303 B CN111484303 B CN 111484303B CN 202010297538 A CN202010297538 A CN 202010297538A CN 111484303 B CN111484303 B CN 111484303B
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周海滨
陈会忠
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Anhui Zhengzhuo New Building Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆及其制备方法，以燃煤电厂固体废弃物β石膏粉及轻骨料为主要原料，具体由以下质量百分数原料制成：β石膏粉18～25％、粒径为1.0～2.2mm的轻骨料30～35％、粒径为0.2～0.5mm的轻骨料35～49％、羟乙基纤维素1～1.5％、硅酸盐水泥0.5～1％、防霉剂0.5～1％、发泡剂1～1.5％；所述防霉剂由负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆和十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷1：(2～4)的质量比混合而成。本发明以燃煤电厂固体废弃物为主要原料，占石膏砂浆总质量的95％以上，实现废弃物的资源化利用，原料廉价易得，显著降低石膏砂浆生产成本，同时，较之传统石膏砂浆，本发明石膏砂浆更轻质，防水防潮、防霉抗菌、隔热保温、隔音减噪、减震性能均得到显著提升。

Description

一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于绿色新型建材制造领域，具体涉及内墙粉刷用炉渣基防霉轻质保温石膏砂浆及其制备方法。
背景技术
石膏砂浆较传统水泥砂浆具有施工迅速、不空鼓不开裂，且具有强度高、自重轻、防火隔热性能好等优点，近年来在建筑施工领域得到广泛应用，已具有全面替代传统水泥砂浆的趋势。
目前，市售保温石膏砂浆在生产过程中，一般需要大量引入玻化微珠、膨胀珍珠岩、聚苯乙烯微球等价格高昂的保温材料，致使石膏砂浆价格居高不下；此外，现有石膏砂浆粉刷的墙面耐水性差，易返潮，致使霉菌、真菌等大量滋生，尤其是在潮湿的环境中，极易出现发霉现象。
因此，如何提高石膏砂浆的防潮、防霉抗菌性能，同时有效降低保温石膏砂浆生产成本，对于推动石膏砂浆的发展及广泛应用具有重要意义。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足之处，本发明的目的在于提供一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案概述如下：
一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆，以燃煤电厂固体废弃物β石膏粉及轻骨料为主要原料，占所述石膏砂浆总质量的95～97％，具体由以下质量百分数原料制成：
Figure BDA0002452756480000021
所述防霉剂由负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆和十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷按1：(2～4)的质量比混合而成；
所述负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆的制备方法为：将硝酸银、3,4',5-三溴水杨酰苯胺溶于75％乙醇溶液中，再加入纳米磷酸锆载体，控制硝酸银、3,4',5-三溴水杨酰苯胺、纳米磷酸锆、75％乙醇溶液用量比为0.2g：0.5g：4.3g：15mL，40℃振荡吸附24h，减压浓缩、真空干燥后即得。
优选的是，所述β石膏粉由烟气脱硫石膏经煅烧研磨制得。
优选的是，所述轻骨料由燃煤电厂炉渣经分选制得。
优选的是，所述发泡剂由茶皂素、十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、硅酮酰胺按1：(0.8～2)：(0.2～0.3)的质量比混合而成。
一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)原料混合：按质量百分数混合β石膏粉、轻骨料、硅酸盐水泥后，再加入羟乙基纤维素、防霉剂、发泡剂，搅拌均匀；
(2)成品包装：采用纸袋或化纤袋密封包装步骤(1)所得石膏砂浆成品，以防止石膏砂浆受潮、变质，使其具有较长的活性时间，便于运输、防潮及用户试用。
本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明以燃煤电厂固体废弃物为主要原料，占石膏砂浆总质量的95％以上，实现废弃物的资源化利用，原料廉价易得，显著降低石膏砂浆生产成本，同时，较之传统石膏砂浆，本发明石膏砂浆更轻质，防水防潮、防霉抗菌、隔热保温、隔音减噪、减震性能均得到显著提升。
2、本发明以不同粒径的轻骨料协同组配，1.0～2.2mm轻粗骨料用于替代传统玻化微珠、膨胀珍珠岩、聚苯乙烯微球等保温材料，以提高石膏砂浆的隔热保温、隔音减震性能，0.2～0.5mm轻细骨料用于填充在粉刷时表面产生微细裂缝和孔隙，提高石膏砂浆的结构强度和抗剥落性。
3、本发明首次以负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆和十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷协同组配防霉剂，显著提高石膏砂浆抗水防潮能力，并高效抑制霉菌、真菌等微生物的生长及繁殖，抗菌谱广，进而避免了墙面返潮发霉等问题，同时有效提高粉刷后墙面的抗污能力。
4、本发明利用茶皂素、十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、硅酮酰胺组配发泡剂，在机械力作用下，使石膏砂浆与水混合后，产生大量独立且稳定性较好的封闭气泡，进一步降低砂浆的密度，提高其保温隔热、隔音消噪、减震、防水性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
实施例1
S1：原料的准备
a.β石膏粉的获取：β石膏粉由烟气脱硫石膏经煅烧研磨制得；
b.轻骨料的获取：轻骨料由燃煤电厂炉渣经分选制得，分为粒径为1.0～2.2mm的轻骨料和粒径为0.2～0.5mm的轻骨料；
c.防霉剂的制备：
制备负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆：将1g硝酸银、2.5g 3,4',5-三溴水杨酰苯胺溶于750mL的75％乙醇溶液中，再加入215g纳米磷酸锆载体，40℃振荡吸附24h，减压浓缩、真空干燥后即得；
制备防霉剂：将0.167kg所得负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆和0.333kg十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷混合均匀；
d.发泡剂的制备：将0.5kg茶皂素、0.4kg十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、0.1kg硅酮酰胺混合均匀；
S2：原料混合：按质量百分数混合18kgβ石膏粉、30kg粒径为1.0～2.2mm的轻骨料、49kg粒径为0.2～0.5mm的轻骨料、0.5kg硅酸盐水泥后，再加入1kg羟乙基纤维素、0.5kg防霉剂、1kg发泡剂，搅拌均匀；
S3：成品包装：采用纸袋或化纤袋密封包装步骤(1)所得石膏砂浆成品，以防止石膏砂浆受潮、变质，使其具有较长的活性时间，便于运输、防潮及用户试用。
实施例2
S1：原料的准备
b.β石膏粉的获取：β石膏粉由烟气脱硫石膏经煅烧研磨制得；
b.轻骨料的获取：轻骨料由燃煤电厂炉渣经分选制得，分为粒径为1.0～2.2mm的轻骨料和粒径为0.2～0.5mm的轻骨料；
c.防霉剂的制备：
制备负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆：将1g硝酸银、2.5g 3,4',5-三溴水杨酰苯胺溶于750mL的75％乙醇溶液中，再加入215g纳米磷酸锆载体，40℃振荡吸附24h，减压浓缩、真空干燥后即得；
制备防霉剂：将0.1875kg所得负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆和0.5625kg十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷按照1：3的质量比混合均匀；
d.发泡剂的制备：将0.455kg茶皂素、0.682kg十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、0.113kg硅酮酰胺混合均匀；
S2：原料混合：混合21.5kgβ石膏粉、32.5kg粒径为1.0～2.2mm的轻骨料、42kg粒径为0.2～0.5mm的轻骨料、0.75kg硅酸盐水泥后，再加入1.25kg羟乙基纤维素、0.75kg防霉剂、1.25kg发泡剂，搅拌均匀；
S3：成品包装：采用纸袋或化纤袋密封包装步骤(1)所得石膏砂浆成品，以防止石膏砂浆受潮、变质，使其具有较长的活性时间，便于运输、防潮及用户试用。
实施例3
S1：原料的准备
c.β石膏粉的获取：β石膏粉由烟气脱硫石膏经煅烧研磨制得；
b.轻骨料的获取：轻骨料由燃煤电厂炉渣经分选制得，分为粒径为1.0～2.2mm的轻骨料和粒径为0.2～0.5mm的轻骨料；
c.防霉剂的制备：
制备负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆：将1g硝酸银、2.5g 3,4',5-三溴水杨酰苯胺溶于750mL的75％乙醇溶液中，再加入215g纳米磷酸锆载体，40℃振荡吸附24h，减压浓缩、真空干燥后即得；
制备防霉剂：将0.2kg所得负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆和0.8kg十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷混合均匀；
d.发泡剂的制备：将0.455kg茶皂素、0.909kg十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、0.136kg硅酮酰胺混合均匀；
S2：原料混合：混合25kgβ石膏粉、35kg粒径为1.0～2.2mm的轻骨料、35kg粒径为0.2～0.5mm的轻骨料、1％硅酸盐水泥后，再加入1.5kg羟乙基纤维素、1kg防霉剂、1.5kg发泡剂，搅拌均匀；
S3：成品包装：采用纸袋或化纤袋密封包装步骤(1)所得石膏砂浆成品，以防止石膏砂浆受潮、变质，使其具有较长的活性时间，便于运输、防潮及用户试用。
对比例1与实施例1相同，区别在于：以等量十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷代替防霉剂。
对比例2与实施例1相同，区别在于：不添加发泡剂，以等量硅酸盐水泥代之。
对比例3与实施例1相同，区别在于，轻骨料全部为0.2～0.5mm的轻骨料。
按照防霉耐水抹灰石膏砂浆标准JC/T 2497-2018测定实施例1～3及对比例1～3制出的石膏砂浆，试验结果如下表所示：
Figure BDA0002452756480000071
Figure BDA0002452756480000081
由上表可知，本发明制备出的石膏砂浆具有优异的耐水防霉性能，此外，石膏砂浆的干密度为450～550kg/m3，质轻，导热系数为0.1018～0.1276W/m·K，具有优良的隔热保温性能，可按2g:1mL固液比与水混合进行施工。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节。

Claims (2)

1.一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆，其特征在于，以燃煤电厂固体废弃物β石膏粉及轻骨料为主要原料，具体由以下质量百分数原料制成：
Figure FDA0003345619220000011
所述防霉剂由负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆和十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷按1：(2～4)的质量比混合而成；
所述负载银离子/溴代水杨酰苯胺的磷酸锆的制备方法为：将硝酸银、3,4',5-三溴水杨酰苯胺溶于75％乙醇溶液中，再加入纳米磷酸锆载体，控制硝酸银、3,4',5-三溴水杨酰苯胺、纳米磷酸锆、75％乙醇溶液用量比为0.2g：0.5g：4.3g：15mL，40℃振荡吸附24h，减压浓缩、真空干燥后即得；
所述β石膏粉由烟气脱硫石膏经煅烧研磨制得；所述轻骨料由燃煤电厂炉渣经分选制得；
所述发泡剂由茶皂素、十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、硅酮酰胺按1：(0.8～2)：(0.2～0.3)的质量比混合而成。
2.如权利要求1所述一种炉渣基防霉保温石膏砂浆的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)原料混合：按质量百分数混合β石膏粉、轻骨料、硅酸盐水泥后，再加入羟乙基纤维素、防霉剂、发泡剂，搅拌均匀；
(2)成品包装：采用纸袋或化纤袋密封包装步骤(1)所得石膏砂浆成品，以防止石膏砂浆受潮、变质，便于运输、防潮及用户试用。
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US5698229A (en) * 1992-06-30 1997-12-16 Toagosei Co., Ltd. Antimicrobial composition
CN108467246A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-08-31 上海恪耐新材料科技有限公司 一种不燃型绝热隔声墙体喷筑砂浆
CN109836168A (zh) * 2017-11-26 2019-06-04 安哲鹏 一种复合调湿颗粒在抹灰砂浆中的应用

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US5698229A (en) * 1992-06-30 1997-12-16 Toagosei Co., Ltd. Antimicrobial composition
CN109836168A (zh) * 2017-11-26 2019-06-04 安哲鹏 一种复合调湿颗粒在抹灰砂浆中的应用
CN108467246A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-08-31 上海恪耐新材料科技有限公司 一种不燃型绝热隔声墙体喷筑砂浆

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