CN111482679A - A device and method for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for assisting gas shielded welding by ultrasonic vibration welding wires, which utilize a welding heat source (arc) for brazing or melt brazing and ultrasonic vibration in the wire feeding process, the ultrasonic vibration transfer welding wire and the heat source are acted together to melt the welding wire metal, the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic vibration removes the oxide film on the surface of the base metal of the solid welding wire, so that the liquid brazing filler metal is effectively wetted on the surface of the solid workpiece, gas generated in the welding process quickly overflows, meanwhile, the ultrasonic vibration tool head is arranged on the back of the stainless steel plate to be welded to realize the reciprocating motion of the ultrasonic vibration tool head relative to the aluminum alloy plate to be welded, preheating the workpiece and removing the oxide film on the welding surface of the workpiece, improving the spreading capability of the liquid welding wire solder, realizing fluxless soldering or melt soldering, meanwhile, crystal grains can be refined under the cavitation action of the ultrasonic waves, the formation of welding seams is improved, and the welding quality is improved. The equipment has the advantages of simple structure, flexible application and easy realization.

Description

A device and method for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal welding, and relates to a device and method for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding.

Background technique

In the actual production of electrical switchgear, the welding technology of stainless steel plate is also developing by leaps and bounds. Based on the improvement of traditional welding technology and innovative new stainless steel welding technology, the arc brazing process of many metals requires the help of flux or coating metal to ensure the wetting and spreading of liquid solder. However, the flux affects the welding seam formation, and it is extremely easy to cause defects such as pores and inclusions; when using plated metal, the welded joints are prone to defects such as pores and slag inclusions, and the process is more complicated and even difficult to achieve.

At present, the Chinese patent publication number is CN101239415A, and the invention is titled "A welding method combining ultrasonic vibration and welding wire feeding system", which discloses a fusion welding process. The cavitation effect refines the joint structure, makes the weld composition uniform, and improves the mechanical properties of the joint. The disadvantage is that this method is only limited to the fusion welding process, and the close contact between the welding wire and the wire feed nozzle cannot be guaranteed during the feeding process of the welding wire, thereby affecting the transmission of ultrasonic waves. Chinese Patent Publication No. 104668690A, the invention and creation titled "device and method for assisted flux-free brazing by ultrasonic vibration welding wire", discloses the wire feeding process of brazing or fusion brazing by using a welding heat source (laser or arc), and the ultrasonic vibration welding wire is used. The vibration is introduced into the welding wire, and the oxide film on the surface of the solid base metal is removed by ultrasonic vibration. The disadvantage is that this method is only limited to the welding process of the welding wire, and it is impossible to guarantee that the workpiece and the welding wire are melted to produce bubbles during the feeding process of the welding wire, thus affecting the quality of the welding seam. The Chinese patent publication number is CN 101195183A, and the invention is called "the method of ultrasonic-assisted laser brazing (melting) welding", which discloses a laser brazing coating metal or laser brazing (melting) welding of dissimilar metals by means of a horn to convert the ultrasonic The vibration is transmitted to the welding seam area that is about to solidify, and the flow of molten solder is promoted by ultrasonic vibration to improve the welding seam formation. Solder wetting consistency. After a long time of research, it is found that in brazing or fusion brazing, the welding process is the most stable when the end of the wire is in close contact with the liquid metal and the metal without oxide film on the surface. Therefore, the present invention proposes to apply ultrasonic waves to the welding wire, and use the welding wire to closely contact the liquid metal to remove the surface of the oxide film of the workpiece. Such a characteristic introduces the ultrasonic waves into the liquid metal, thereby realizing flux-free arc brazing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems such as rapid oxidation of the spreading welding wire on the stainless steel surface and poor welding seam forming ability of the molten brazing material in the process of stainless steel brazing or fusion brazing, and provides an ultrasonic vibration welding wire assisted gas shielded welding device and method.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

An ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding device includes an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic electric welding gun, an ultrasonic tool head and electric welding equipment; the ultrasonic generator is externally connected with an ultrasonic tool head through a wire, and the ultrasonic tool head is arranged on the ultrasonic wave. On one side of the welding torch, the welding wire is vibrated by ultrasonic waves.

Further, the ultrasonic tool head includes a vibrating head, a horn and a transducer, the transducer transmits energy from the horn to the vibrating head, and the vibrating head is arranged on one side of the ultrasonic welding torch.

Further, the ultrasonic welding torch is provided with a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the welding wire is driven by the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

Further, the side wall of the ultrasonic welding torch is also provided with a pre-tightening spring and a slider, and the pre-tightening spring and the slider are pressed by bolts to squeeze the welding wire, and an ultrasonic tool is provided on the opposite side of the pre-tightening spring and the slider. head.

Further, the ultrasonic welding torch is provided with a sealing ring and a sealing gasket to ensure that the protective gas entering the air inlet does not leak.

Further, the ultrasonic tool head includes a first ultrasonic tool head and a second ultrasonic tool head, wherein the first ultrasonic tool head is arranged on one side of the ultrasonic welding torch, the second ultrasonic tool head is arranged under the workpiece, and the ultrasonic welding The air outlet of the gun is arranged above the workpiece.

A welding method for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding, which utilizes welding heat source (arc) brazing or fusion brazing and ultrasonic vibration during the wire feeding process to transfer the ultrasonic vibration transmission welding wire and the heat source to melt the wire metal under the combined action of the ultrasonic vibration. The cavitation effect of vibration removes the oxide film on the surface of the solid wire base material, so that the liquid solder can effectively wet the surface of the solid workpiece, and the gas generated during the welding process quickly overflows. At the same time, the ultrasonic vibration tool head is placed on the back of the stainless steel plate to be welded. , Realize the reciprocating motion of the ultrasonic vibration tool head relative to the aluminum alloy plate to be welded, preheat the workpiece and remove the oxide film on the welding surface of the workpiece, improve the spreading ability of the liquid welding wire brazing material, and realize flux-free brazing or welding. At the same time, the cavitation of ultrasonic can refine grains, improve weld formation, and improve welding quality. The device is simple in structure, flexible in application and easy to implement.

Further, while the ultrasonic welding rod is being welded, the ultrasonic tool head is pretreated on the surface of the workpiece. The process parameters of the ultrasonic welding rod are set as: welding speed 1/min, shielding gas flow rate 10L/min, welding wire diameter Φ1.0-4.0mm, The wire feeding speed is 1.5-10m/min, the ultrasonic working frequency is 20-100KHz, the amplitude of the ultrasonic transducer is 1-10μm, the amplitude of the ultrasonic horn is 20-200μm, the angle between the wire feed nozzle and the workpiece is 45°-90°, The working frequency of the ultrasonic tool head 2 is 100KHz, the amplitude of the ultrasonic transducer is 1-10 μm, the amplitude of the ultrasonic horn is 20-200 μm, and the included angle with the workpiece is 90°.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of device schematic diagram of ultrasonic vibration welding wire assisted gas shielded welding;

Fig. 2 is the sectional schematic diagram of the ultrasonic welding torch involved in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the micrograph 1 of using ultrasonic vibration welding wire to assist gas shielded welding;

Fig. 4 is a micrograph 2 of gas shielded welding using ultrasonic vibration welding wire.

The reference numbers are as follows:

1- ultrasonic generator; 2- first ultrasonic tool head; 3- ultrasonic welding torch; 4- welding seam; 5- second ultrasonic tool head; 6- electric welding equipment; 7- welding parts tightening mechanism; 8- workpiece; 9 -Vibration head; 10-amplifier; 11-transducer; 12-drive wheel; 13-gasket; 14-air outlet; 15-welding wire; 16-air outlet; 17-welding torch top; 18-bolt; 19 - Preload spring and slider; 20 - driven wheel; 21 - sealing ring; 22 - air inlet.

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description , rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

The following first specifically describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded welding device includes electric welding equipment 6, workpiece 8, and ultrasonic welding gun 3, which consists of a first ultrasonic tool head 2 and a supernatural wave generator 1; welding equipment 6, ultrasonic welding gun 3 and workpiece 8 constitute a welding system. The first ultrasonic tool head 2, the second ultrasonic tool head 5 and the ultrasonic generator 1 form an ultrasonic system, and the wire feeding device inside the ultrasonic welding gun 3 enters the welding wire 15 into the welding system through the inside of the wire feeding nozzle; the ultrasonic system includes the electrical signal It consists of an ultrasonic transducer 11 converted into mechanical vibration, an ultrasonic horn 10 for amplifying the amplitude of ultrasonic vibration, and a wire feed nozzle integrated with the horn; the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the horn, and the horn is connected to the wire feed nozzle ; The pre-tightening device consists of bolts 18 screwed into the bottom of the horn, threaded holes, pre-tightening springs 19, sliders in contact with the welding wire, and chute; the slider is placed in the chute, the inner wall of the slider contacts the welding wire, and the Tighten the spring to connect the slider, the bolt 18 is screwed into the threaded hole to connect with the pre-tightening spring; in the welding process, in order to ensure the continuous and effective transmission of the ultrasonic vibration to the feeding wire, a pre-tightening device is installed at the bottom of the horn, which can be adjusted by adjusting The depth of the bolt screwed into the threaded hole changes the compressive force of the preload spring, so as to ensure that the welding wire is in close contact with the inner wall of the horn and the slider, so that the ultrasonic vibration can be transmitted to the welding wire 15 smoothly and continuously.

A method of ultrasonic vibration welding wire assisted gas shielded welding, using electric welding equipment 6 arc brazing or fusion brazing and the first ultrasonic tool head 2 in the wire feeding process, the ultrasonic vibration transmission welding wire 15 and the heat source are used together to melt the metal of the welding wire. , one end is fixedly connected with a ventilation pipe, the ventilation pipe 22 is hollow, the welding wire 15 welding rod passes through the high temperature protection nozzle 16 and the interior of the ventilation pipe, and the other end of the ventilation pipe 22 is connected with a feeding and propelling unit , a sealing gasket 21 is provided between the air inlet pipe 22 and the feeding propulsion unit, a pressure ring 13 is provided on both sides of the sealing gasket 21, and a ventilation hole is provided at one end of the ventilation pipe close to the sealing gasket 21 22. The cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibration is realized to remove the oxide film on the surface of the solid wire base material, and the problem of rapid oxidation of the melting end of the wire rod is solved, so that the liquid solder can be effectively wetted on the surface of the solid workpiece, thereby forming a high-quality Welds.

The gas generated during the welding process overflows rapidly, and at the same time, the second ultrasonic tool head 5 is placed on the back of the workpiece 8 to be welded to realize the reciprocating motion of the second ultrasonic tool head 5 relative to the workpiece to be welded 8, preheating the workpiece 8 and Remove the oxide film on the welding surface of the workpiece 8, improve the spreading ability of the liquid wire brazing material, and realize flux-free brazing or brazing. At the same time, the cavitation of ultrasonic can refine the grains, improve the welding seam formation, and improve the welding quality. The device is simple in structure, flexible in application and easy to implement.

The process parameters of an ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded welding device and method are set as: welding speed 0.5-4m/min, shielding gas flow rate 5-15L/min, welding wire diameter Φ1.0-4.0mm, wire feeding speed 1.5 -10m/min, ultrasonic working frequency is 20-100KHz, ultrasonic transducer amplitude is 1-10μm, ultrasonic horn amplitude is 20-200μm, wire feeder and workpiece angle 45°-90°, ultrasonic tool head 2 The working frequency is 100KHz, the amplitude of the ultrasonic transducer is 1-10μm, the amplitude of the ultrasonic horn is 20-200μm, and the angle with the workpiece is 90°.

Using welding heat source (arc) brazing or welding and ultrasonic vibration in the wire feeding process, the welding wire metal is melted under the combined action of the ultrasonic vibration transmission welding wire and the heat source, and the cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibration removes the oxide film on the surface of the solid welding wire base material , so that the liquid solder can be effectively wetted on the surface of the solid workpiece, the gas generated during the welding process overflows rapidly, and the ultrasonic vibration tool head is placed on the back of the stainless steel plate to be welded, so that the ultrasonic vibration tool head is relatively Reciprocating motion, preheating the workpiece and removing the oxide film on the welding surface of the workpiece, improving the spreading ability of the liquid wire brazing material, and realizing flux-free brazing or brazing. Seam forming, improve welding quality. The device is simple in structure, flexible in application and easy to implement.

A method of ultrasonic vibration welding wire assisted gas shielded welding, in addition to the welding advantages of arc brazing (fusion brazing), at the same time, the liquid brazing filler metal has good wetting and spreading on the surface of the solid metal base material, and the molten droplets are controlled smoothly to the welding. It has the advantages of transition in the seam and refinement of the grain of the weld. The method can realize high-quality welding under ordinary welding conditions, and can realize the brazing of plated metals and the fusion brazing of dissimilar metals such as aluminum and steel, titanium and aluminum with large differences in melting point.

Embodiment 1: Combined with the device of a kind of ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded welding described in FIG. 1, build a working platform, make electric welding equipment 6 and workpiece 8; ultrasonic welding torch 3; ultrasonic generator 1 constitute a welding system; ultrasonic generator 1 And the ultrasonic tool head 2 constitutes an ultrasonic system; the ultrasonic welding torch is composed of an ultrasonic transducer 11, a horn 10, and a horn 12; the vibrating head 9 and the pre-tensioning device 18, the inner wall of the pre-tensioning device The slider is in contact with the welding wire, and the pre-tensioning The spring 19 is connected to the slider, the bolt 18 is screwed into the threaded hole and connected to the preload spring 19 , the welding wire 15 moves through the driving wheel 12 , and the shielding gas enters through the air inlet 22 .

A method of ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded welding method and process parameters are set as: welding speed 0.5-4m/min, shielding gas flow rate 5-15L/min, welding wire diameter Φ1.0-4.0mm, wire feeding speed 1.5-10m/min min, the ultrasonic working frequency is 20-100KHz, the ultrasonic transducer amplitude is 1-10μm, the ultrasonic horn amplitude is 20-200μm, and the angle between the wire feeder and the workpiece is 15-45°.

Embodiment 1: Referring to Figure 3, an ultrasonic vibration welding wire assisted gas shielded welding method is suitable for I-type, Y-type, V-type and X-type welds, and the joints can be of butt joint, lap joint, crimping and other structures. During the welding process, the welding wire and the liquid metal always maintain a stable and close contact to ensure that the ultrasonic vibration is continuously transmitted to the molten solder.

Example 2: When using ultrasonic vibration welding wire to assist gas shielded welding with reference to Figure 4, the action angle between the ultrasonic vibration welding wire and the weld seam is 15o, the working frequency is 20HZ, and other process parameters are consistent with ordinary gas shielded welding. The welding surface and section The morphology is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen from the comparison between Figure 3 and Figure 4 that under the action of the ultrasonic auxiliary welding wire and the welding seam, it is beneficial for the molten welding wire to spread to the bottom and both sides of the welding seam at the same time, resulting in the welding seam width and melting. The penetration type increases, and the residual height of the weld decreases. At the same time, the high frequency of ultrasonic waves can refine the crystal force and improve the tensile strength of the weld. As a result, the weld generally breaks from the fusion zone when it is stretched, and its tensile strength is increased from the original 280MPA. increased to 300MPa.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art will not depart from the principles and spirit of the present invention Variations, modifications, substitutions, and alterations to the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a device of ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding, is characterized in that, comprises ultrasonic generator (1), ultrasonic electric welding torch (3), ultrasonic tool head and electric welding equipment (6); Described ultrasonic generator ( 1) An ultrasonic tool head is externally connected through the wire, the ultrasonic tool head is arranged on one side of the ultrasonic electric welding gun (3), and the welding wire (15) is vibrated by ultrasonic waves. 2. The device for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic tool head comprises a vibrating head (9), a horn (10) and a transducer (11), The transducer (11) transmits the energy of the horn (10) to the vibrating head (9), and the vibrating head (9) is arranged on one side of the ultrasonic welding torch (3). 3. The device for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded hybrid welding according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic electric welding torch (3) is provided with a driving wheel (12) and a driven wheel (20), and through the The driving wheel (12) and the driven wheel (20) drive the welding wire (15). 4. The device for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding according to claim 3, wherein the side wall of the ultrasonic electric welding torch (3) is also provided with a pre-tightening spring and a slider (19), and the bolts (18) Press the pre-tightening spring and the slider (19) to squeeze the welding wire (15), and an ultrasonic tool head is arranged on the opposite side of the pre-tightening spring and the slider (19). 5. The device for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded hybrid welding according to claim 1, wherein a sealing ring (21) and a gasket (13) are provided in the ultrasonic welding torch (3) to ensure that The protective gas entering the air inlet (22) does not leak. 6. The ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded hybrid welding device according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic tool head comprises a first ultrasonic tool head (2) and a second ultrasonic tool head (5), wherein, The first ultrasonic tool head (2) is arranged on one side of the ultrasonic welding torch (3), the second ultrasonic tool head (5) is arranged below the workpiece (8), and the air outlet (16) of the ultrasonic welding torch (3) is arranged above the workpiece (8). 7. A welding method for ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded composite welding, characterized in that, in the wire feeding process using welding heat source (arc) brazing or welding brazing and ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic vibration transmission welding wire and the heat source are combined to act together The metal of the welding wire is melted down, and the cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibration removes the oxide film on the surface of the solid welding wire base material, so that the liquid solder can effectively wet the surface of the solid workpiece, and the gas generated during the welding process quickly overflows. The back of the stainless steel plate to be welded realizes the reciprocating motion of the ultrasonic vibration tool head relative to the aluminum alloy plate to be welded. 8. The welding method of ultrasonic vibration welding wire-assisted gas shielded hybrid welding according to claim 7, the ultrasonic welding rod carries out pretreatment on the workpiece surface while the ultrasonic welding rod is welding, and it is characterized in that, the ultrasonic welding rod technological parameter is set as: welding Speed 1/min, shielding gas flow rate 10L/min, wire diameter Φ1.0-4.0mm, wire feeding speed 1.5-10m/min, ultrasonic operating frequency 20-100KHz, ultrasonic transducer amplitude 1-10μm, ultrasonic The amplitude of the horn is 20-200μm, the angle between the wire feed nozzle and the workpiece is 45°-90°, the working frequency of the ultrasonic tool head 2 is 100KHz, the amplitude of the ultrasonic transducer is 1-10μm, and the amplitude of the ultrasonic horn is 20-200μm , and the included angle of the workpiece is 90°.

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