CN111471079B - 香椿果皮中甘遂烷型三萜新化合物及其提取分离方法与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B及其提取分离方法和应用。本发明提供了一种甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B,其分子式为C37H60O7。本发明还提供了一种从香椿果皮中利用回流提取、溶剂萃取、正相与反相硅胶柱层析分离等步骤,成功从香椿果皮中提取分离甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B的方法。本发明还提供了一种甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B抑制高糖环境下的肾小球系膜细胞增殖、有效降低高糖诱导的氧化应激水平及辅助治疗糖尿病肾病方面的相关应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药提取分离方法与应用领域,具体涉及一种香椿果皮中甘遂烷型三萜新化合物及其提取分离方法与应用。
背景技术
糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)是糖尿病患者较为常见的微血管病变,也是导致临床上糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因之一。肾小球系膜细胞 (glomerularmesangial cells,GMCs)增殖在肾小球硬化发生与发展中起着重要作用。高糖是导致活性氧异常表达和诱发氧化应激损伤的危险因素。高糖环境可以引发GMCs活化与异常增生,诱导GMCs内活性氧过量产生及抗氧化物酶失活,GMCs抗氧化能力下降,引起GMCs基底膜增厚,参与了DN发生和发展过程。
香椿Toona sinensis(A.Juss.)Roem为楝科香椿属乔木,在我国广泛分布,具有较高的食用价值、药用价值与经济价值。香椿的叶、种子、皮、芽、根等部位均可入药,是著名的药食同源植物。香椿属植物具有抗氧化、降血糖、杀菌、抗炎、镇痛、抗癌等生物活性,具有较大的开发和应用前景。香椿果皮是香椿果实的外壳或外皮,往往作为废弃物丢掉。目前,未见香椿果皮中化学成分提取与分离技术的研究报道。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:提供一种香椿果皮中甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B及其提取分离方法与应用。
本甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B的分子式为C37H60O7,结构式为,
本香椿果皮中甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B的提取分离方法包括以下步骤,
S1-取干燥的香椿果皮20kg,粉碎后加入95%乙醇,回流提取三次,每次 10h,减压浓缩得到乙醇浸膏854g;
S2-将步骤S1中所得乙醇浸膏混悬于水后,依次使用二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯与正丁醇萃取,分别萃取3次,减压浓缩得到不同的萃取部位浸膏;
S3-取S2中二氯甲烷部位浸膏147g,上正相硅胶层析柱,先以石油醚-乙酸乙酯体系作为流动相,按体积比30:1、10:1、5:1、2:1进行溶剂洗脱;再以二氯甲烷-甲醇体系作为流动相,按体积比20:1、5:1进行溶剂洗脱,结合薄层色谱法 (thin layerchromatography,TLC)检测,根据TLC结果合并为6个组分,记作 Fr.A~Fr.F;
S4-取步骤S3中第4个组分Fr.D,上反相硅胶层析柱,以甲醇-水体系作为流动相,按体积比(30:70)~(90:10)进行梯度洗脱,TLC法指导合并,得到 13个组分,记作Fr.D1~Fr.D13;
S5-取S4中第10个组分Fr.D10,上正相硅胶层析柱,以石油醚-乙酸乙酯体系作为流动相,以体积比6:1、5:1、3:1进行溶剂洗脱,TLC法指导合并,得到 5个组分,记作Fr.D10Ⅰ~Fr.D10Ⅴ;
S6-将步骤S5中Fr.D10Ⅴ经反相硅胶层析柱分离,以甲醇-水体系作为流动相,按体积比(75:25)洗脱,即得到甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B。
本甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B能够抑制高糖环境下的肾小球系膜细胞增殖、有效降低高糖诱导的氧化应激水平,其作为治疗糖尿病肾病辅助治疗药物的应用。
本发明提供了一种甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B,及其从香椿果皮中利用回流提取、溶剂萃取、正相与反相硅胶柱层析分离等手段提取分离方法,以及辅助治疗糖尿病肾病方面的相关应用。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明“一种香椿果皮中甘遂烷型三萜新化合物 ToonasinensinB及其提取分离方法与应用”作进一步说明:
图1为实验例1中产物的HR-ESI-MS谱图;
图2为实验例1中产物的1H-NMR谱图;
图3为实验例1中产物的13C-NMR谱图;
图4为实验例1中产物的核磁共振DEPT135谱图;
图5为实验例1中产物的核磁共振HMQC谱图;
图6为实验例1中产物的核磁共振HMBC谱图;
图7为实验例1中产物的核磁共振NOESY谱图;
图8为实验例2中MTT比色法测定结果直方图;
图9为实验例2中氧化指标测定结果直方图。
具体实施方式
以下用具体实施例对本发明技术方案做进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围不限制于下列实施例。
实施例1:本甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B的分子式为C37H60O7,结构式为,
实施例2:本香椿果皮中甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B的提取分离方法包括以下步骤,
S1-取干燥的香椿果皮20kg,粉碎后加入95%乙醇,回流提取三次,每次 10h,减压浓缩得到乙醇浸膏854g;
S2-将步骤S1中所得乙醇浸膏混悬于水后,依次使用二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯与正丁醇萃取,分别萃取3次,减压浓缩得到不同的萃取部位浸膏;
S3-取S2中二氯甲烷部位浸膏147g,上正相硅胶层析柱,先以石油醚-乙酸乙酯体系作为流动相,按体积比30:1、10:1、5:1、2:1进行溶剂洗脱;再以二氯甲烷-甲醇体系作为流动相,按体积比20:1、5:1进行溶剂洗脱,结合薄层色谱法 (thin layerchromatography,TLC)检测,根据TLC结果合并为6个组分,记作 Fr.A~Fr.F;
S4-取步骤S3中第4个组分Fr.D,上反相硅胶层析柱,以甲醇-水体系作为流动相,按体积比(30:70)~(90:10)进行梯度洗脱,TLC法指导合并,得到 13个组分,记作Fr.D1~Fr.D13;
S5-取S4中第10个组分Fr.D10,上正相硅胶层析柱,以石油醚-乙酸乙酯体系作为流动相,以体积比6:1、5:1、3:1进行溶剂洗脱,TLC法指导合并,得到 5个组分,记作Fr.D10Ⅰ~Fr.D10Ⅴ;
S6-将步骤S5中Fr.D10Ⅴ经反相硅胶层析柱分离,以甲醇-水体系作为流动相,按体积比(75:25)洗脱,即得到甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B。
实验例1:
(1)运用核磁共振谱(1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT-135、HMQC、HMBC、 NOESY)和高分辨质谱(HR-ESI-MS)鉴定该化合物结构。
(2)如图1至8及表1所示,化合物Toonasinensin B为白色无定形粉末根据HR-ESI-MS m/z 615.42554[M-H]-(计算值615.42663),确定分子式为 C37H60O7。在1H NMR谱图中,低场区呈现出1组烯烃氢质子信号δH 5.77(1H,s, H-2′),推测结构中可能含有1个双键,5组被氧化的次甲基氢质子信号δH 4.96(1H, m,H-21),4.62(1H,m,H-3),4.24(1H,m,H-23),3.72(1H,br s,H-7),3.22(1H,m, H-24),1组乙氧基氢质子信号峰δH 3.68(1H,m,21-OCH2CH3a),3.40(1H,m, 21-OCH2CH3b),0.92(3H,overlap,21-OCH2CH3),高场区呈现出8组甲基氢质子信号δH 2.17(3H,s,H-5′),1.92(3H,s,H-4′),1.25(3H,s,H-27),1.20(3H,s,H-26), 1.05(3H,s,H-30),0.95(3H,overlap,H-19),0.91(3H,overlap,H-29),0.83(3H,s,H-28)。在13C NMR谱中显示37个碳信号峰,包括1个酯基碳信号δC 166.7(C-1′), 2个双键碳信号δC 156.2(C-3′)和116.2(C-2′),7个被氧化的碳信号δC 109.1 (C-21),77.4(C-3),77.1(C-24),75.9(C-23),74.0(C-7),72.5(C-25),67.7 (21-OCH2CH3),9个甲基碳信号δC26.8(C-28),26.0(C-4′),25.9(C-27),24.1 (C-26),20.9(C-29),19.1(C-5′),18.8(C-30),14.7(C-19),12.8(21-OCH2CH3), 9个亚甲基碳信号,4个次甲基碳信号,5个季碳信号。根据氢碳谱数据,初步推断该化合物具有甘遂烷型三萜骨架。在HMBC谱中,显示氢质子信号H-4′(δH 1.92)、H-5′(δH 2.17)和C-2′(δC 116.2)、C-3′(δC 156.2),H-3(δH 4.62)和C-1′(δC 166.7),H-28(δH 0.83)、H-29(δH 0.91)和C-3(δC 77.4),H-30(δH 1.05)和C-7(δC74.0),H-21(δH 4.96)和21-OCH2CH3(δC 67.7),21-OCH2CH3(δC 12.8),H-26(δH 1.20)、H-27(δH 1.25)和C-24(δC 77.1)、C-25(δC 72.5)存在远程相关,在NOESY 谱中,H-3/CH3-29,H-5/CH3-28,H-7/CH3-30,H-17/CH3-30,H-17/H-21, H-21/H-22β,H-22α/H-23,H-23/H-24在空间上有相关性,因此,确定该化合物为Toonasinensin B。
表1产物核磁数据(500/125MHz,CD3OD)
(3)综上,确定实施例2化合物为Toonasinensin B。
实施例3:本甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B能够抑制高糖环境下的肾小球系膜细胞增殖、有效降低高糖诱导的氧化应激水平,其作为治疗糖尿病肾病辅助治疗药物的应用。
实验例2:
(1)实验设计:
(1.1)MTT比色法测定细胞活力:将大鼠肾小球系膜细胞接种于96孔培养板中,细胞密度为5×103个/孔,每孔100μL,温度37℃,5%CO2条件下培养过夜后,设置正常组(5.6μMDMEM培养基,NG组)、甘露醇组(25μM甘露醇,Mannitol组)、高糖组(25μM DMEM,HG组)、依帕司他组(10μM, Epalrestat组)、Toonasinensin B干预组(5μM、10μM、20μM、40μM、80μM)。干预组中加入不同浓度的Toonasinensin B(5-80μM),每组设5个复孔,考察加入药物后对细胞影响。上述各组细胞培养48h后,在各孔细胞中加入5mg/mL MTT 10μL,在温度37℃,5%CO2条件下继续孵育,4h后终止培养,吸弃孔内液体,每孔加入100μL二甲基亚砜(DMSO),振荡15min,使细胞内结晶充分溶解,酶标仪490nm波长处测定各孔光度值(optical density,OD)。
(1.2)超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)测定:将大鼠肾小球系膜细胞接种于6孔板中,细胞密度为1.5×105个/mL,每孔2mL,温度37℃,5%CO2条件下培养过夜后,设置NG组、HG组、Epalrestat组、Toonasinensin B干预组。干预组中加入不同浓度的Toonasinensin B(10,30,50μM),48h后收集上清液。按照 SOD测定试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所)操作表操作。
计算公式为:SOD抑制率(%)=[(A对照-A对照空白)-(A测定-A 测定空白)]/(A对照-A对照空白)×100%;SOD活力(U/mL)=SOD抑制率÷50%×0.24mL/0.02mL。
(1.3)丙二醛(MDA)测定:实验分组与细胞培养方法同SOD,收集上清液后按照MDA测定试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所)操作表操作。
离心管上先加上盖,再用针于其上扎1小孔,旋涡混匀器混匀,95℃水浴 40min,取出后流水冷却,3500r/min离心10min。取上清液加入96孔板,532 nm处测定吸光度。
MDA含量计算公式:MDA含量(nmol/mL)=(测定OD值-对照OD值) /(标准OD值-对照OD值)×10nmol/mL
(1.4)活性氧(ROS)测定:将大鼠肾小球系膜细胞接种于96孔培养板中,细胞密度为5×103个/孔,每孔100μL,温度37℃,5%CO2条件下培养过夜后,设置NG组、HG组、Epalrestat组、Toonasinensin B干预组。干预组中加入不同浓度的Toonasinensin B(10-50μM),作用48h后去除细胞培养液,用PBS清洗三次,加入100μL稀释好的DCFH-DA(用无血清培养基按1:1000稀释),37℃孵育30min,用无血清细胞培养液洗涤三次,488nm激发波长,525nm发射波长,检测荧光强度。
(2)结果分析:
(2.1)MTT比色法测定结果:如图8所示,Mannitol组与NG组比较,OD 值无统计学差异;HG组与NG组比较,高糖可以促进肾小球系膜细胞增殖,而且其增殖作用系非渗透压导致;Toonasinensin B对肾小球系膜细胞的增殖具有抑制作用,并且抑制作用随干预药物浓度提高而相应增强。该图实施例中:与正常组比较,#P<0.01;与高糖组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
(2.2)氧化指标测定结果:如图9中的A图所示,Toonasinensin B能够使 SOD活力明显升高,并且活力随干预药物浓度增大而增强;当Toonasinensin B 浓度≥10μM,SOD活力提高方面优于依帕司他。由图9中的B图可知: Toonasinensin B可以抑制MDA产生,抑制作用随干预药物浓度增大而增强;当 Toonasinensin B浓度≥10μM,抑制MDA产生方面优于依帕司他。由图9中的 C图可知:Toonasinensin B对ROS生成具有抑制作用,抑制作用随干预药物浓度增大而增强;当Toonasinensin B浓度≥30μM,抑制ROS产生方面优于依帕司他。结果表明Toonasinensin B对肾小球系膜细胞氧化应激损伤具有一定的保护作用。在图9中的实施例中:与正常组比较,#P<0.01;与高糖组比较,*P< 0.05,**P<0.01。
(3)结论:
通过进行肾小球系膜细胞氧化应激损伤保护作用研究,本甘遂烷型三萜新化合物Toonasinensin B能够抑制高糖环境下的肾小球系膜细胞增殖,有效降低高糖诱导的氧化应激水平,可作为糖尿病肾病防治或辅助药物进行应用。
以上描述显示了本发明的主要特征、基本原理,以及本发明的优点。对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施方式或者实施例的细节,且在不背离本发明的精神或者基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此应将上述实施方式或者实施例看作示范性的,且非限制性的。本发明的范围由所附权利要求而非上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上述实施方式旨在举例说明本发明可为本领域专业技术人员实现或使用,对上述实施方式进行修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,故本发明包括但不限于上述实施方式,任何符合本权利要求书或说明书描述,符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖性、创造性特点的方法、工艺、产品,均落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
2.一种香椿果皮中甘遂烷型三萜化合物Toonasinensin B的提取分离方法,其特征是:所述甘遂烷型三萜化合物Toonasinensin B为权利要求1所述的甘遂烷型三萜化合物Toonasinensin B,所述提取分离方法包括以下步骤,
S1-取干燥的香椿果皮20kg,粉碎后加入95%乙醇,加热回流提取三次,每次10h,减压浓缩得到乙醇浸膏854g;
S2-将步骤S1中所得乙醇浸膏混悬于水后,依次使用二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯与正丁醇萃取,分别萃取3次,减压浓缩得到不同的萃取部位浸膏;
S3-将步骤S2中二氯甲烷部位浸膏147g上正相硅胶柱,先以石油醚-乙酸乙酯体系作为流动相,按体积比30:1、10:1、5:1、2:1进行溶剂洗脱;再以二氯甲烷-甲醇体系作为流动相,按体积比20:1、5:1进行溶剂洗脱,结合薄层色谱法(Thin Layer Chromatography,TLC)检测,根据TLC结果合并为6个组分,记作Fr.A~Fr.F;
S4-取步骤S3中第4个组分Fr.D,上样于反相硅胶层析柱,以甲醇-水体系作为流动相,按体积比(30:70)~(90:10)进行梯度洗脱,TLC法指导合并,得到13个组分,记作Fr.D1~Fr.D13;
S5-将步骤S4中第10个组分Fr.D10过正相硅胶柱,以石油醚-乙酸乙酯体系作为流动相,以体积比6:1、5:1、3:1进行溶剂洗脱,TLC法指导合并,得到5个组分,记作Fr.D10Ⅰ~Fr.D10Ⅴ;
S6-将步骤S5中Fr.D10Ⅴ经反相硅胶层析柱分离,运用75%的甲醇-水洗脱,即得到甘遂烷型三萜化合物Toonasinensin B。
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