CN111469593A

CN111469593A - Three-dimensional full-type rubbing and manufacturing process thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111469593A
Application number: CN202010173801.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘正义; 冯万朋
Original assignee: Zhengzhou Rehabilitation Education Center For Disabled
Current assignee: Zhengzhou Rehabilitation Education Center For Disabled
Priority date: 2020-03-13
Filing date: 2020-03-13
Publication date: 2020-07-31

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional full-type rubbing and a manufacturing process thereof, wherein the three-dimensional rubbing with at least 180 dimensions is completed through the steps of paper application, paper separation, sticking compensation, shaping, shade drying, rubbing, shaping, uncovering, framing and the like, so that the three-dimensional full-type rubbing is formed, and the three-dimensional full-type rubbing is a hollow three-dimensional rubbing product with the same volume and shape as an object to be rubbed, truly reflects the shape and charm of a circular carving artwork from the appearance, vividly and truly reproduces the characteristics and the style of the carving artwork such as circular carving animals, figures, Buddha figures, utensils and the like, provides maximized physical information for the research and inheritance of the golden stone relics and the promotion and propagation of traditional culture, and fills the blank of more than 1000 years of traditional art in China.

Description

Three-dimensional full-type rubbing and manufacturing process thereof

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of cultural relics and their making technology, in particular, it relates to a three-dimensional full-type rubbing book for various tombstones and sculptures and its making process.

Background

The Xuan paper is made up of glutinous rice paper through sticking it on tombstone, plaque or golden stone, sticking ink (or golden liquid or colour liquid) on the tombstone, carving characters and pattern in ratio of 1:1, and is an art made up by traditional Chinese culture, which is one of the essences of Chinese nation and is a high-level artistic door integrating the functions of golden stone, archaeology and aesthetics. The traditional rubbing work is called rubbing (commonly called rubbing), which is made of one piece of paper and one piece of ink, reserves precious cultural relics, documents and calligraphy art data for people, is praised as an ancient camera and has extremely high historical, cultural and artistic values.

The art forms of the Chinese historical rubbing are two types, one type is planar rubbing, namely patterns and characters on the surface of an object to be rubbed are rubbed on a piece of planar paper, the rubbing method is only suitable for rubbing planar objects, the rubbed text is also only planar rubbing and can only reflect planar engraving such as line engraving, shallow relief and the like, and the three-dimensional object cannot be expressed, as shown in figure 1; the other type is the 'full-form development technique of three-dimensional objects' (hereinafter referred to as 'full-form development'), also called 'form development' and 'figure development' invented by the heading of six boats and at the middle and late stages, which is a special development technique taking white paper ink development as a main means and assisted with technologies such as sketch, paper cutting and the like, and using the depth change of ink color to express the three-dimensional shape of the ancient objects on paper, so that people can feel the three-dimensional effect, is similar to 'negative' of black and white photos, and the full-form development is more advanced than the plane development in that the whole shape of the three-dimensional objects can be expressed, as shown in figure 2, but the whole shape of the three-dimensional objects belongs to the plane development form, and simultaneously, the manufacturing process is complicated, the cost is higher, and the full-form development and the use cannot be widely popularized and utilized.

The two rubbing forms belong to two-dimensional plane art, the rubbing pictures are in plane shapes, the three-dimensional shapes of the rubbed objects cannot be displayed in all directions, the three-dimensional sense of the rubbed objects is lost, the volume, the shape and the charm of the rubbed objects cannot be really reflected, only the rubbing products with simple shapes such as utensils and appliances can be rubbed, and the rubbing products have no effect on circular carving characters, animals, Buddha figures and the like with complex shapes.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, in order to better inherit the history and carry forward the culture, the invention provides a three-dimensional holotype rubbing and a manufacturing process thereof, the three-dimensional holotype rubbing technology adopts special materials and processes, so that the original two-dimensional plane rubbing is converted into a real three-dimensional holotype rubbing, the problem that the three-dimensional sculpture can not be displayed in multiple dimensions is solved, the shapes and the charm of the volume, the shape and the like of the circular carving artwork are really reflected in a ratio of 1:1, the characteristics and the style of the sculpture artwork such as the circular carving animal, the figure, the Buddha statue, the vessel and the like are vividly and truly reproduced, the maximized physical information is provided for the research and inheritance of the diamond relic and the propagation of the traditional culture, and the blank of the development art for more than 1000 years in China is filled.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a three-dimensional full-type rubbing, which is formed by compounding and shaping rice paper or canvas or rice paper and canvas, has a rubbing body with the same shape and proportion as an object to be rubbed, and patterns and characters for showing the original appearance of the object to be rubbed are rubbed and printed on the front surface of the rubbing body; the transmission and expansion body is a hollow shell with a three-dimensional shape.

Furthermore, the rubbing body is formed by attaching the Xuan paper or the canvas or the Xuan paper and the canvas in a composite wetting mode to the surface of a rubbing object, then sizing through the adhesive cement, and removing the rubbing object from the surface of the rubbing object after sizing.

Further, the patterns and characters are rubbed before the rubbing body is uncovered from the surface of the substrate.

Further, rice paper, or canvas, or rice paper and canvas's complex has the multilayer to can guarantee to pass rubbing this body and can fix the shaping for the principle.

Further, the three-dimensional full-type topology is a 180-degree semi-surrounding three-dimensional structure, or is formed by combining two 180-degree semi-surrounding three-dimensional structures.

The invention also provides a three-dimensional full-type rubbing product which comprises the three-dimensional full-type rubbing, wherein a back plate, and/or a base, and/or a mounting box are mounted on the basis of the three-dimensional full-type rubbing.

Further, the three-dimensional full-type rubbing is filled with rice paper, or cotton, sponge, foam and plastic in a cavity on the back before mounting.

The invention also provides a process for manufacturing the three-dimensional full-type rubbing, which comprises the following steps: cleaning, paper coating, paper separation, sticking compensation, shaping, drying, rubbing, removing, shaping and framing.

Further, the specific process flow is as follows:

s1: cleaning and isolating the rubbed object: cleaning the rubbed object with clear water, and covering the surface of the rubbed object with white rice paper;

s2: preparing rubbing paper: taking rice paper and/or canvas as rubbing paper, if rubbing paper natural color is taken as rubbing base color, coloring treatment is not needed, otherwise, the rubbing paper needs to be colored in advance;

the steps S1 and S2 are not in sequence;

s3: wet dressing: spreading rubbing paper on the rubbed object, spraying water by a sprayer to uniformly spray the rubbing paper, and compacting the paper on the surface of the rubbed object by a wet towel to ensure that the concave-convex characteristics of the surface of the rubbed object are obvious;

s4: paper separation: cutting rubbing paper at the depressed part of the rubbed object by using a cutter, flattening the paper at the cut part by using a brush, and compacting the rubbing paper on the surface of the rubbed object by using a wet towel so as to further attach the rubbing paper on the surface of the depressed part;

s5: and (3) patching and bonding: after the rubbing paper is subjected to paper separation and compaction, the blank part of the rubbed object is pasted by paste and the same paper at the paper-lacking part;

s6: thickening: coating the paste on the surface of the first layer of rubbing paper, and then adhering the second layer of rubbing paper and the third layer of rubbing paper … according to the method of S3-S5 until the rubbing paper is sufficiently shaped;

s7: drying in the shade: placing the rubbing paper-coated rubbing object in a shade place for natural drying in the shade;

s8: rubbing: rubbing patterns and characters on the surface of rubbing paper according to a set color;

s9: uncovering: the rubbing paper is taken off after being dried in the shade to form a rubbing book;

s10: and (3) restoration: the uncovered rubbing is downwards faced, the torn and deformed part in the process of uncovering is coated with paste again from the back, paper with proper size is taken for sticking and repairing, then the rubbing is buckled on the surface of an object to be rubbed so that the rubbing is completely matched with the object to be rubbed again, and the rubbing is taken down after being dried in the shade;

s11: shaping: uniformly spraying a sizing agent and varnish on the back of the rubbing, and sizing to finish the rubbing manufacture;

s12: mounting a finished product: the back plate, the base and the box body are mounted as required, the rubbing is flatly pasted on the back plate, the base is seated on the back plate, and the rubbing is installed in the box body to complete the manufacture of the rubbing finished product.

Further, the paste is prepared by decocting starch and water, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:

1) taking 1 part by mass of starch, adding 3 parts by mass of water, and uniformly stirring to form slurry for later use;

2) heating the slurry on fire, stirring while heating with slow fire until the slurry becomes viscous and transparent;

3) placing in shade to coagulate into blocks, then partitioning, and storing in cold water;

4) when the paste is to be used, the paste blocks are taken out and extruded by a palm brush to form a fine and uniform viscous body for use.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects: in the traditional technology, the rubbing is generally displayed by a plane work, the space sense is not strong, and the real appearance of an original object cannot be well shown. The invention develops a three-dimensional full-type rubbing by adopting a novel rubbing process, is a three-dimensional rubbing, vividly reproduces the shape and the image of various cultural relics, provides physical information for the research and the propagation of the golden stone cultural relics, and provides a new technical means for inheriting excellent traditional culture, protecting and researching cultural heritage.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.

FIG. 1 is a sample of a conventional planar topology;

FIG. 2 is a sample of a conventional hologra phic topology;

FIG. 3 is a first example of a three-dimensional holotype topology of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second example of the three-dimensional holotype topology of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein the drawings and examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and any equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present invention provides a three-dimensional full-type rubbing, which is mainly characterized in that: the hollow stereo rubbing product is formed by coating rubbing paper on the surface of a rubbing object, fixing the rubbing paper with a setting agent, and rubbing the surface pattern of the object by rubbing liquid, and has the same volume and shape as the rubbing object.

Specifically, the three-dimensional full-type rubbing comprises a rubbing body and a pattern rubbed on the rubbing body. The rubbing body is formed by compounding and shaping a plurality of layers of rice paper and canvas or rice paper and canvas, and is called rubbing paper in the following. Generally, the number of the layers of the rice paper or the number of the composite layers of the rice paper and the cloth is about 2-4, so that the principle that the rubbing body can be fixed and formed can be guaranteed. The rubbing body has a three-dimensional shape, and is tightly adhered to the surface of an rubbed object by wetting rice paper or the composition of the rice paper and cloth, and then is fixed and formed by glue, so that the rubbing body has a concave-convex shape completely consistent with the rubbed object. The transmission rubbing body is a hollow shell and is only formed by attaching and shaping a plurality of layers of paper or cloth in a compounding way, and the transmission rubbing body is taken off from the surface of an object to be rubbed after shaping, so that the front surface of the transmission rubbing body has the same appearance as the object to be rubbed, and the back surface of the transmission rubbing body is hollow and is a thin-shell hollow body.

Furthermore, the color of the rice paper or cloth used by the rubbing body can be directly purchased or can be rendered and colored in advance according to the original appearance of the rubbing object, and the colors such as white, black, golden and the like are prefabricated as the ground color of the rubbing, so that the rubbing copying effect is more real.

The three-dimensional full-type rubbing book further comprises a pattern and characters which are formed on the rubbing body through rubbing liquid rubbing. Wetting paper or cloth of the rubbing body and attaching the paper or cloth to the surface of the rubbed object, displaying concave and convex parts on the surface of the rubbed object, dipping ink or color liquid (generally, color liquid refers to colors except black) by using a rubbing bag, rubbing the surface of the paper or cloth, delineating yin and yang patterns on the surface of the rubbed object by the difference between the colors of the rubbing liquid and the color of the rubbing body, and highlighting the three-dimensional shape of the rubbed object. Because the surface of the rubbed object is uneven and shows a yin-yang surface, the rubbing liquid can be rubbed and printed on a convex part generally, and a concave part can not be rubbed and printed on a transferring body by the rubbing liquid, so that the yin-yang pattern effect of the original appearance can be naturally formed. The color of the rubbing body and the color of the rubbing liquid are matched with each other, so that various color effects of the rubbed object can be created, and the rubbed object can be expressed as white paper ink rubbing, black paper golden rubbing, golden paper ink rubbing or the like.

The three-dimensional full-type rubbing is taken down from an object to be rubbed after three-dimensional shaping and pattern rubbing to complete rubbing manufacturing, and a hollow thin-shell three-dimensional original object model is formed. The rubbing is generally 180 degrees of semi-surrounding three-dimensional modeling, so that the rubbing body can be taken off from the original object, and for a 360-degree omnibearing three-dimensional modeling structure, two 180-degree half-mold bodies are adopted, respectively rubbed and manufactured, and then the rubbing is completed through mold closing.

The invention also provides a three-dimensional full-type rubbing product which can also comprise a mounting back plate, a base and a mounting box besides the three-dimensional full-type rubbing. Because the transmission rubbing body is a hollow thin shell, the back of the transmission rubbing body can be mounted on the mounting back plate for auxiliary shaping, the hollow part of the back is also sealed, and the concave part of the back is not required to be filled with materials. The mounting back plate and the rubbing finished by rubbing can be arranged in the mounting box body, so that the front pattern and the shape of the rubbing are protected.

The three-dimensional full-type rubbing, 1:1 cloning, fully reflects the shapes and charms of the volume, the shape and the like of the circular carving artwork, does not need filling materials, has light weight, is not easy to oxidize, and has simple manufacture, low cost and easy popularization. The manufactured three-dimensional full-type rubbing product can be made into a white paper and ink rubbing book, and can also be made into a black paper golden rubbing book and a color rubbing book, and has good decoration effect and artistic appeal. Through the novel product, the original appearance of the circular carving artwork can be reproduced, and compared with the traditional rubbing works, the product is more real, vivid and strong in artistic appeal.

The invention also provides a process for manufacturing the three-dimensional full-type rubbing, which mainly comprises the following process steps: cleaning, paper coating, paper separation, sticking compensation, shaping, drying, rubbing, removing, shaping and framing.

The specific process flow is as follows:

s1: and cleaning and isolating the substrate. The rubbing object is cleaned by clean water and towel or cotton cloth, and then is wet-coated on the rubbing object by white rice paper to play a role in isolation so as to prevent the colored paper in the subsequent steps from polluting the rubbing object.

S2: and (6) preparing rubbing paper. The Xuan paper and canvas which are purchased from the market are taken as rubbing paper, if the natural color of the rubbing paper is used, the rubbing paper does not need to be processed, otherwise, the rubbing paper needs to be dyed into the ground color required by the rubbing by using the pigment which is purchased from the market according to the required color.

The two steps of S1 and S2 are not in sequence, can be prepared in sequence, and can also be prepared respectively at the same time.

S3: and (6) performing wet compress. Firstly, a layer of rubbing paper is laid on the rubbed object, then the rubbing paper is sprayed with water by a sprayer to be uniformly wetted, and then the wet towel is used for compacting the paper on the surface of the rubbed object, so that the concave-convex characteristics of the surface of the rubbed object are highlighted.

S4: and (6) separating paper. Cutting paper or cloth (namely separating paper) by a cutter at a position where the rubbing paper is not easy to be adhered to the concave surface of the rubbing object, flattening the paper at the cut position by a brush, and compacting the rubbing paper on the surface of the rubbing object by a wet towel so that the rubbing paper can be further adhered to the surface of the concave position.

S5: and (5) supplementing viscosity. After the rubbing paper is subjected to paper separation and compaction, the paper shortage phenomenon is inevitably generated at the depressed part of the rubbed object, and at the moment, the paper shortage part of the rubbed object is supplemented and adhered with special paste and the same-product paper.

The special paste is prepared by decocting starch and water, wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the water is 1: 3, the preparation process is as follows:

4) when the paste is to be used, the paste blocks are taken out and extruded (sieved) by a palm brush to form a fine and uniform viscous body for use.

S6: and (5) shaping. In the steps S3-S5, only one layer of rubbing paper is used, in the step S6, the special paste is coated on the first layer of rubbing paper, and then the second layer of rubbing paper and the third layer of rubbing paper … are adhered in the same way so as to be convenient for shaping, and specific adhesive layers are determined according to the condition of the rubbed object, and generally 3-4 layers are preferred.

S7: drying in the shade. The rubbing material coated with rubbing paper is placed in a shade and naturally dried in the shade, and the advantage of natural drying in the shade is that paper cracks can not occur after drying in the shade.

S8: rubbing. The pattern and text are rubbed with ink or gold in a conventional manner.

S9: and (6) uncovering. After the rubbing is dried in the shade, the rubbing is taken off, and the rubbing and the drying process are likely to have tearing deformation, so that the rubbing and the drying process need to be restored and reshaped in the following steps.

S10: and (5) recovering. The torn and deformed part of the rubbing is coated with paste again from the back side with the front side of the torn rubbing facing downwards, paper with proper size is taken for pasting, and then the rubbing is buckled on the surface of an object to be rubbed to be completely matched with the object to be rubbed again. Taking down after drying.

S11: and (6) shaping. And uniformly spraying a commercially available sizing agent and commercially available varnish on the back of the rubbing by using a manual or electric sprayer for 1-2 times for sizing, spraying the sizing agent firstly, and spraying the varnish finally.

S12: and (5) mounting a finished product. The mounting back plate, the base and the box body are manufactured as required, the rubbing is flatly pasted on the back plate and is seated on the base, and the rubbing finished product is manufactured by being framed, modified and installed in the box body. Furthermore, before the rubbing is mounted on the back plate, the cavities on the back of the rubbing are filled with fillers such as rice paper, cotton, sponge, foam, plastics and the like, so that the cavities are full and heavy weight is not increased.

Therefore, the three-dimensional full-type rubbing process provided by the invention can directly show the three-dimensional effect of the rubbing original object. The value of the rubbing is that the original appearance of the original is really and completely presented, for some three-dimensional original, the traditional rubbing technology is a plane rubbing, the former rubbing can only be used for showing the original in a planarization mode, and the three-dimensional rubbing is used for showing the original appearance of the original more really.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional holotype rubbing is characterized in that: the rubbing machine comprises a rubbing body which is formed by compounding and shaping rice paper or canvas or rice paper and canvas and has the same shape and proportion with an object to be rubbed, and patterns and characters which show the original appearance of the object to be rubbed are rubbed on the front surface of the rubbing body; the transmission and expansion body is a hollow shell with a three-dimensional shape.

2. The stereotactic manifold of claim 1, wherein: the rubbing body is formed by adhering Xuan paper, canvas or the combination of Xuan paper and canvas on the surface of a rubbing object in a wetting way, then sizing by using adhesive cement, and removing the rubbing body from the surface of the rubbing object after sizing.

3. A stereoscopic holotype topology according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: the pattern and the characters are rubbed before the rubbing body is uncovered from the surface of the rubbed object.

4. A stereoscopic holotype topology according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: rice paper, or canvas, or rice paper and canvas's complex has the multilayer to can guarantee to pass and to extend this body can fix the shaping as the principle.

5. The stereotactic manifold of claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional full-type rubbing is of a 180-degree semi-surrounding three-dimensional structure or is formed by combining two 180-degree semi-surrounding three-dimensional structures.

6. A three-dimensional full-type rubbing product is characterized in that: the three-dimensional full-type rubbing comprises the three-dimensional full-type rubbing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and a back plate, and/or a base, and/or a mounting box are mounted on the three-dimensional full-type rubbing.

7. The stereoscopic holographic article according to claim 6, wherein: the three-dimensional full-type rubbing is characterized in that the cavity on the back is filled with rice paper, or cotton, sponge, foam and plastic before mounting.

8. A three-dimensional full-type rubbing manufacturing process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: cleaning, paper coating, paper separation, sticking compensation, shaping, drying, rubbing, removing, shaping and framing.

9. The process of making a three-dimensional holotype rubbing according to claim 8, wherein: the specific process flow is as follows:

the steps S1 and S2 are not in sequence;

10. The process of making a three-dimensional holotype rubbing according to claim 9, wherein: the paste is prepared by decocting starch and water, and the preparation process comprises the following steps: