CN111467471A - 一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法及制剂 - Google Patents
一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法及制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111467471A CN111467471A CN202010205905.8A CN202010205905A CN111467471A CN 111467471 A CN111467471 A CN 111467471A CN 202010205905 A CN202010205905 A CN 202010205905A CN 111467471 A CN111467471 A CN 111467471A
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- sheep liver
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- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法及制剂,制备步骤如下:称取羊肝原材料并预处理,再用黄酒和萝卜煮水浸泡,再加入羊肝原材料4至6倍量的含量为4%至6%的蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解后对反应液进行离心,得酶解液,对酶解液进行过滤浓缩成稠膏或喷干成粉末,再与枸杞子、人参、当归粉末混匀,添加适当粘合剂,制作成粉剂、片剂、胶囊、蜜丸或口服液。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药药剂制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种缓解视疲劳、提高视 力药食两用制剂的制备方法及制剂。
背景技术
2016年2月《Ophthalmology》刊登了华柏恩教授的遗作“近视和高度近 视在全球范围内的流行以及2000年至2050年的时间趋势”,回顾了145项 研究报告,覆盖全球210万人群。文章中指出,2000年全球近视患者为14.06 亿,2010年近19.5亿(占全球人口比例28.3%),同时研究预测2020年全球 预计有26.2亿近视患者,2050年全球近视人口将达一半(47.58亿),包括9.38 亿的高度近视人口。
新南威尔士大学的研究团队表示,近视的患病率在全球范围内的快速增 长归因于外界环境因素的改变,主要是生活方式的改变,如人们的户外活动 时间变少了,长时间的室内工作以及电脑、手机等电子设备的频繁使用等因 素。由于计算机作业的普遍化,视疲劳患者的年龄向低龄化发展。
2015年北京大学中国健康发展研究中心教授李玲撰写的《国民健康视觉 报告》估计,2012年我国5岁以上总人口中,近视和远视的患病人数大约5 亿,其中近视的总患病人数在4.5亿左右。保守估计,2012年各类视力缺陷 导致的社会经济成本将高达5600亿元左右,占GDP的比例高达1.1%左右。其 中高度近视的总人口高达3000万。高中生和大学生的近视发病率超过70%, 并逐年增加,青少年近视发病率已经高居世界第一位。若没有有效的政策干 预,到2020年,我国5岁以上人口的近视患病率将增长到51%左右,患病人 口将达7亿。
现代医学研究认为,富含维生素A和维生素C的食品、矿物质食品(含 钙、铬、锌等)、叶黄素类产品、花色苷类食品、含甘露醇类食品可有效改善 视疲劳。
传统中医认为导致视疲劳原因有肝肾亏虚、脾气虚弱、心血亏虚等。临 床治疗中,以补血益气药应用较为广泛,如熟地黄、枸杞子、茯苓、当归、 川芎、菊花、山药、五味子等。成药杞菊地黄丸、定志补肾汤、天麻钩藤饮、 补中益气汤、柴葛解肌汤等均对视疲劳有缓解作用。
上述众多可以食用的物质当中多为缓解视疲劳功效,但是对于防治提高 视力药食两用方面研究还比较少,CNKI数据库中关于近视的中医药治疗及专 利众多,有口服、外用、熏蒸等各种不同给药途径,有单纯现代医学研究的 化合物的堆砌、中西医理论的杂糅、传统中医思维的遣方,从市场上并无非 常有效的成品可供选择的现状,可能有几个原因:专利宣称的产品效果得不 到验证、专利宣称的技术无法转化为成品、专利宣称的产品受到目前法规的 约束无法实现产业。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供种以羊肝多肽为主要成分的制剂的制备方法,以 达到缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用的作用。
为了达到上述目的本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用口服制剂及制备方法,步骤如下:
(1)称取羊肝原材料并预处理,剔除筋膜,脱脂,切碎;
(2)将预处理后的羊肝原材料用黄酒腌渍30至60分钟,清水洗净血水 和黄酒,黄酒中含有酵母菌、乳酸菌等,可以对羊肝中的膻味物质基础4至 烷基支链脂肪酸进行酵解,同时可去除部分羊膻味,并提高羊肝多肽的提取 效率。
(3)萝卜切开煮水,水温降至60℃左右,将羊肝碎块投入萝卜水中浸泡 2小时,羊肝性大温大热,萝卜为大寒之物,萝卜水浸泡,起到再次去腥作用, 同时调和羊肝温燥之性,扩大适用人群。
(4)将步骤(1)至(3)处理后的羊肝再粉碎,加入羊肝原材料4至6 倍量的含量为4%至6%的蛋白酶,调节酶解PH值在6.5至8.5之间,温度保 持45℃至55℃,进行超声酶解50至80分钟,超声频率120Hz至160Hz,经 过多次实验,在羊肝酶解过程中辅以超声作用,会加大羊肝原材料与蛋白酶 的接触,大大缩短酶解时间,而且酶解效率更高。
(5)酶解后对反应液进行离心,得酶解液;
(6)对酶解液进行过滤,再通过真空加热浓缩至相对密度为1.15至1.25 的稠膏,或喷雾干燥得羊肝多肽粉末,备用;
(7)枸杞子、人参、当归烘干,粉碎,过120目药筛;
(8)将羊肝多肽粉末与步骤(7)的粉末混匀,制作成粉剂,将羊肝多 肽稠膏或粉末与步骤(7)的粉末混匀并添加适当粘合剂,制作成片剂或胶囊;
(9)将羊肝多肽稠膏或粉末与步骤(7)的粉末混匀,添加适当蜂蜜, 制作成蜜丸;
(10)将羊肝多肽稠膏与步骤(7)的粉末混匀,添加适当调味剂,添加 纯化水稀释,制作成口服液;
进一步地,步骤(4)的蛋白酶为中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶或 木瓜蛋白酶中的一种,并根据调价蛋白酶的性质调节酶解PH值。
进一步地,步骤(8)的比例为:
粉剂比例:羊肝多肽粉末2至6份,枸杞子粉末1至2.5份,人参粉末1 至2.5份,当归粉末0.5至1份;
片剂或胶囊比例:羊肝多肽稠膏或粉末2至6份,枸杞子粉末1至2.5 份,人参粉末1至2.5份,当归粉末0.5至1份,粘合剂0.5至2份。
进一步地,步骤(9)的比例为:
蜜丸比例:羊肝多肽稠膏或粉末2至6份,枸杞子粉末1至2.5份,人 参粉末1至2.5份,当归粉末0.5至1份,蜂蜜1.5至3份。
进一步地,步骤(10)的比例为:
口服液比例:羊肝多肽稠膏2至6份,枸杞子粉末1至2.5份,人参粉 末1至2.5份,当归粉末0.5至1份,调味剂0.5至2份,纯化水50至70 份。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
1、采用羊肝、枸杞子、人参、当归药食两用原料,安全性高,可根据生 产条件的不同制备成口服液、胶囊、片剂、蜜丸和粉剂等食品。
2、中医传统理论认为,肝开窍于目,以形补形,动物肝脏可以用于眼部 疾患的治疗。
3、羊肝大温大热且其膻味大,影响口感,本发明采用大寒之萝卜,中和 羊肝之热性、去其膻味;应用酶解和超声提取制备羊肝多肽的含量高,适合 工业化生产。以把发明为主要配方在本医疗机构内使用,虽收集案例数量少, 预期效果得到了验证。
下面将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明,在此以本发明的示意性实施 例及说明用来解释本发明,但并不作为对本发明的限定。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描 述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中 的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其 他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
(1)称取羊肝原材料并预处理,剔除筋膜,脱脂,切碎;
(2)将预处理后的羊肝原材料用黄酒腌渍30分钟,清水洗净血水和黄 酒;
(3)萝卜切开煮水,水温降至60℃左右,将羊肝碎块投入萝卜水中浸泡 2小时;
(4)将步骤(1)至(3)处理后的羊肝再粉碎,加入羊肝原材料5倍量 的含量为6%的碱性蛋白酶,调节酶解PH值稳定为8.5,温度保持51℃,进行 超声酶解60分钟,超声频率为150Hz;
(5)酶解后对反应液进行离心,得酶解液;
(6)对酶解液进行过滤,再通过真空加热浓缩至相对密度为1.15至1.25 的稠膏,或喷雾干燥得羊肝多肽粉末,备用;
(7)枸杞子、人参、当归烘干,粉碎,过120目药筛;
(8)将羊肝多肽稠膏或粉末与步骤(7)的粉末按如下比例混匀,羊肝 多肽稠膏或粉末3份,枸杞子粉末2份,人参粉末2份,当归粉末1份,蜂 蜜2份;
(9)制成蜜丸。
实施例2
(1)称取羊肝原材料并预处理,剔除筋膜,脱脂,切碎;
(2)将预处理后的羊肝原材料用黄酒腌渍30分钟,清水洗净血水和黄 酒;
(3)萝卜切开煮水,水温降至60℃左右,将羊肝碎块投入萝卜水中浸泡 2小时;
(4)将步骤(1)至(3)处理后的羊肝再粉碎,加入羊肝原材料5倍量 的含量为5%的中性蛋白酶,调节酶解PH值稳定为7,温度保持50℃,进行超 声酶解80分钟,超声频率为150Hz;
(5)酶解后对反应液进行离心,得酶解液;
(6)对酶解液进行过滤,再通过真空加热浓缩至相对密度为1.2的稠膏, 备用;
(7)枸杞子、人参、当归烘干,粉碎,过120目药筛;
(8)将羊肝多肽稠膏与步骤(7)的粉末按如下比例混匀:羊肝多肽稠 膏12份,枸杞子粉末2份,人参粉末2份,当归粉末1份,蜂蜜调味剂2份, 纯化水70份;
(9)制成口服液。
实施例3
(1)称取羊肝原材料并预处理,剔除筋膜,脱脂,切碎;
(2)将预处理后的羊肝原材料用黄酒腌渍30分钟,清水洗净血水和黄 酒;
(3)萝卜切开煮水,水温降至60℃左右,将羊肝碎块投入萝卜水中浸泡 2小时;
(4)将步骤(1)至(3)处理后的羊肝再粉碎,加入羊肝原材料5倍量 的含量为6%的木瓜蛋白酶,调节酶解PH值稳定为6.5,温度保持55℃,进行 超声酶解60分钟,超声频率为150Hz;
(5)酶解后对反应液进行离心,得酶解液;
(6)对酶解液进行过滤,再通过喷雾干燥得羊肝多肽粉末,备用;
(7)枸杞子、人参、当归烘干,粉碎,过120目药筛;
(8)将羊肝多肽粉末与步骤(7)的粉末按如下比例混匀,羊肝多肽粉 末3份,枸杞子粉末2份,人参粉末2份,当归粉末1份;
(9)制成粉剂。
实施例4
本发明缓解视疲劳的临床研究案例1
病例累积阶段
2018年11月至2019年12月,1月为1疗程,
纳入标准:
1)18岁-65岁的成人,性别不限。
2)长期用眼,视力易疲劳者。
3)自愿加入研究,并签署知情同意书。
排除标准:
1)患有感染性、外伤性眼部疾患者。进行眼部手术不足3个月者。
2)患有角膜、晶体、玻璃体、眼底病变等内外眼疾患者。
3)患有心血管、脑血管、肝、肾、造血系统等疾病者。
4)妊娠或哺乳期妇女、过敏体质患者。
5)短期内服用或使用与受试功能有关的物品,影响到对结果的判定者。
6)长期服用有关治疗视力的药物,保健品或使用其他治疗方法未能终止 者。
7)不符合纳入标准,未按规定使用受试物者,或资料不全等影响功效或 安全性判断者。
判断标准:
1)症状改善:眼酸痛、眼胀、畏光、视物模糊、眼干涩、异物感、流泪, 全身不适8种症状中有3种症状改善,且其他症状无恶化即判定改善。
2)无效:眼酸痛、眼胀、畏光、视物模糊、眼干涩、异物感、流泪,全 身不适8种症状中有3种以下改善,且其他症状无恶化即判定无效。
3)症状加重:眼酸痛、眼胀、畏光、视物模糊、眼干涩、异物感、流泪, 全身不适8种症状中有任意一种症状加重,须停用受试物或使用其他药物方 可改善者判定为症状加重。
治疗方法:
实施例2中口服液灌装为50ml,每日2次,一次1瓶,为试验组1;实 施例3最终颗粒剂分装成3g/袋成品,每日2次,一次1袋,温水化开冲服, 为试验组2;对照组为鱼肝油,每次10ml,一日两次。
视疲劳症状判定方法(半定量积分法)
结果
1)缓解视疲劳改善率
本次研究搜集试验组1病例计31例,改善率90.32%,无效9.67%;试验 组2病例计31例,改善率87.09%,无效9.67%,加重3.22%;对照组病例计 31例,改善率64.51%,无效32.25%,加重3.22%。试验组1、试验组2有效 率优于对照组,p<0.05,差异具有统计学意义;试验组1、试验组2有效率差 异无统计学意义。
2)明视持久度
本次搜集的31例试验组1病例,平均明视持久度提高26%;31例试验组 2病例,平均明视持久度提高23%;31例对照组病例,平均明视持久度提高 12%。试验组1、试验组2平均明视持久度优于对照组,p<0.05,差异有统计 学意义,试验组1、试验组2平均明视度提高差异吴统计学意义。
3)所有治疗者无发现任何不适反应。
结论:本品具有缓解视疲劳功能。
实施例5
本发明防治提高视力药食两用临床研究研究例2
病历累计阶段
2018年12月至2020年01月,1月为1疗程,持续3个疗程;
纳入标准:
1)6岁-22岁,性别不限。
2)视力0.4至0.8者。
3)本人或监护人要求加入研究,并签署知情同意书。
排除标准
1)患有感染性、外伤性眼部疾患者。
2)患有角膜、晶体、玻璃体、眼底病变等内外眼疾患者。
3)患有心血管、脑血管、肝、肾、造血系统等疾病者。
4)妊娠或哺乳期妇女、过敏体质患者。
5)短期内服用或使用与受试功能有关的物品,影响到对结果的判定者。
6)长期服用有关治疗视力的药物,保健品或使用其他治疗方法未能终止 者。
7)不符合纳入标准,未按规定使用受试物者,或资料不全等影响功效或 安全性判断者。
判断标准:
1)视力改善:使用后较使用前视力提高2行,判定为视力改善。
2)无效:使用后较使用前视力提高不足2行,且视力无加重者,判定为 无效。
3)加重:使用后较使用前近视加重1行,判定为加重。
治疗方法:实施例2中口服液灌装为50ml,每日2次,一次1瓶
结果:
视力改善结果表
本次搜集的25例病例中,视力改善的17例,有效率68%,无效7例,加 重1例。所有治疗者无发现任何不适反应。
说明:本研究搜集的病例年龄偏小,是因成年人的眼部结构趋于固定, 临床中无明显效果。故本发明适用的是青少年的视力提高。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节, 而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现 本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非 限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落 在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
Claims (6)
1.一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:
制备步骤如下:
(1)称取羊肝原材料并预处理,剔除筋膜,脱脂,切碎;
(2)将预处理后的羊肝原材料用黄酒腌渍30至60分钟,清水洗净血水和黄酒;
(3)萝卜切开煮水,水温降至60℃左右,将羊肝碎块投入萝卜水中浸泡2至3小时;
(4)将步骤(1)至(3)处理后的羊肝再粉碎,加入羊肝原材料4至6倍量的含量为4%至6%的蛋白酶,调节酶解PH值在6.5至8.5之间,温度保持45℃至55℃,进行超声酶解50至80分钟,超声频率120Hz至160Hz。
(5)酶解后对反应液进行离心,得酶解液;
(6)对酶解液进行过滤,再通过真空加热浓缩至相对密度为1.15至1.25的稠膏,或喷雾干燥得羊肝多肽粉末,备用;
(7)枸杞子、人参、当归烘干,粉碎,过120目药筛;
(8)将羊肝多肽粉末与步骤(7)的粉末混匀,制作成粉剂,将羊肝多肽稠膏或粉末与步骤(7)的粉末混匀并添加适当粘合剂,制作成片剂或胶囊;
(9)将羊肝多肽稠膏或粉末与步骤(7)的粉末混匀,添加适当蜂蜜,制作成蜜丸;
(10)将羊肝多肽稠膏与步骤(7)的粉末混匀,添加适当调味剂,添加纯化水稀释,制作成口服液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)的蛋白酶为中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶或木瓜蛋白酶中的一种,并根据调价蛋白酶的性质调节酶解PH值。
3.一种根据权利要求1或2所述的一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法制得的粉剂,其特征在于:
其组分为:羊肝多肽粉末2至6份,枸杞子粉末1至2.5份,人参粉末1至2.5份,当归粉末0.5至1份。
4.一种根据权利要求1或2所述的一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法制得的片剂或胶囊,其特征在于:
其组分为:羊肝多肽稠膏或粉末2至6份,枸杞子粉末1至2.5份,人参粉末1至2.5份,当归粉末0.5至1份,粘合剂0.5至2份。
5.一种根据权利要求1或2所述的一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法制得的口服液,其特征在于:
其组分为:羊肝多肽稠膏2至6份,枸杞子粉末1至2.5份,人参粉末1至2.5份,当归粉末0.5至1份,调味剂0.5至2份,纯化水50至70份。
6.一种根据权利要求1或2所述的一种缓解视疲劳、提高视力药食两用制剂的制备方法制得的蜜丸,其特征在于:
其组分为:羊肝多肽稠膏或粉末2至6份,枸杞子粉末1至2.5份,人参粉末1至2.5份,当归粉末0.5至1份,蜂蜜1.5至3份。
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